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Investigating D-Dimensional Behavior Of The Mixed Condensate In Qcd, Jason N.E. Ho, Tong Mu

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

In the context of QCD sum-rules, hadronic properties are related to QCD correlation functions of composite operators. These QCD correlation functions are evaluated using an operator product expansion, where the non-perturbative contributions to the correlation function are parameterized by local nonzero vacuum expectation values multiplied by perturbatively-calculated Wilson coefficients. We present here an updated calculation of the Wilson coefficient of the mixed QCD condensate calculated in d-dimentions up to $O(m^3)$ in quark mass.

2022 Scas Annual Meeting Program And Bulletin

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Tau Neutrinos In The Next Decade: From Gev To Eev, Roshan Mammen Abraham, Jamie Alvarez-Muñiz, Carlos A. Argüelles, Akitaka Ariga, Tomoko Ariga, Adam Aurisano, Dario Autiero, Mary Bishai, Nilay Bostan, Mauricio Bustamante, Austin Cummings, Valentin Decoene, André De Gouvêa, Giovanni De Lellis, Albert De Roeck, Peter B. Denton, Antonia Di Crescenzo, Milind V. Diwan, Yasaman Farzan, Anatoli Fedynitch, Jonathan L. Feng, Laura J. Fields, Alfonso Garcia, Maria Vittoria Garzelli, Julia Gehrlein, Christian Glaser, Katarzyna Grzelak, Steffen Hallmann, Jeremy Hewes, D Indumathi, Ahmed Ismail, Sudip Jana, Yu Seon Jeong, Kevin J. Kelly, Spencer R. Klein, Felix Kling, Thomas Kosc, Umut Kose, D Jason Koskinen, John Krizmanic, Jeff Lazar, Yichen Li, Ivan Martinez-Soler, Irina Mocioiu, Jiwoo Nam, Valentin Niess, Nepomuk Otte, Sameer Patel, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Tau neutrinos are the least studied particle in the standard model. This whitepaper discusses the current and expected upcoming status of tau neutrino physics with attention to the broad experimental and theoretical landscape spanning long-baseline, beam-dump, collider, and astrophysical experiments. This whitepaper was prepared as a part of the NuTau2021 Workshop.

Two Roads To Retrocausality, Emily Adlam

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In recent years the quantum foundations community has seen increasing interest in the possibility of using retrocausality as a route to rejecting the conclusions of Bell’s theorem and restoring locality to quantum physics. On the other hand, it has also been argued that accepting nonlocality leads to a form of retrocausality. In this article we seek to elucidate the relationship between retrocausality and locality. We begin by providing a brief schema of the various ways in which violations of Bell’s inequalities might lead us to consider some form of retrocausality. We then consider some possible motivations for using retrocausality to …

Solvation Of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Helium: Cationic And Anionic Hexabenzocoronene, Miriam Kappe, Florent Calvo, Johannes Schöntag, Holger F. Bettinger, Serge Krasnokutski, Martin Kuhn, Elisabeth Gruber, Fabio Zappa, Paul Scheier, Olof E. Echt

Faculty Publications

The adsorption of helium on charged hexabenzocoronene (Hbc, C₄₂H₁₈), a planar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecule of D_6h symmetry, is investigated by a combination of high-resolution mass spectrometry and classical and quantum computational methods. The ion abundance of He_nHbc⁺ complexes versus size n features prominent local anomalies at n = 14, 38, 68, 82, and a weak one at 26, indicating that for these “magic” sizes the helium evaporation energies are relatively large. Surprisingly, mass spectra of anionic He_nHbc^– complexes feature a different set of anomalies, namely at …

Measurements Of The Associated Production Of A W Boson And A Charm Quark In Proton–Proton Collisions At √S = 8tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Measurements of the associated production of a W boson and a charm (c) quark in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV are reported. The analysis uses a data sample corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb⁻¹ collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. The W bosons are identified through their leptonic decays to an electron or a muon, and a neutrino. Charm quark jets are selected using distinctive signatures of charm hadron decays. The product of the cross section and branching fraction σ(pp → W + c + X)β(W → ℓν), where ℓ …

Measurements Of The Higgs Boson Production Cross Section And Couplings In The W Boson Pair Decay Channel In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S = 13tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Production cross sections of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to a pair of W bosons are measured in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The analysis targets Higgs bosons produced via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and in association with a W or Z boson. Candidate events are required to have at least two charged leptons and moderate missing transverse momentum, targeting events with at least one leptonically decaying W boson originating from the Higgs boson. Results are presented in the form of inclusive and differential cross sections in the simplified template cross section framework, as …

Tabletop Experiments For Quantum Gravity Are Also Tests Of The Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics, Emily Adlam

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Recently there has been a great deal of interest in tabletop experiments intended to exhibit the quantum nature of gravity by demonstrating that it can induce entanglement. In order to evaluate these experiments, we must determine if there is any interesting class of possibilities that will be convincingly ruled out if it turns out that gravity can indeed induce entanglement. In particular, since one argument for the significance of these experiments rests on the claim that they demonstrate the existence of superpositions of spacetimes, it is important to keep in mind that different interpretations of quantum mechanics may make different …

Hydrogen Adsorption And Isotope Mixing On Copper-Functionalized Activated Carbons, C. M. Quine, Hillary L. Smith, C. C. Ahn, A. Hasse-Zamudio, D. A. Boyd, B. Fultz

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

High-specific surface area (SSA) carbons were functionalized with copper nanoclusters and evaluated as potential hydrogen storage materials. The adsorption and desorption behaviors of the copper-functionalized material and pristine high-SSA carbon are compared between 77 and 400 K using adsorption isotherms up to 10 MPa and by temperature-programmed desorption of isotopic hydrogen. The high-SSA activated carbon with copper nanoclusters exhibited two desorption behaviors. (1) A desorption peak at 120 K, which was associated with physisorption on carbon, and (2) a desorption peak at 310 K, which was associated with a chemisorption process involving copper. The desorption from copper was strongly dependent …

Liposome Formulation For Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery Using Radiation Therapy, Daniel Fologea

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Targeted delivery of drugs or other therapeutic agents through internal or external triggers has been used to control and accelerate the release from liposomal carriers in a number of studies, but relatively few utilize energy of therapeutic X-rays as a trigger. We have synthesized liposomes that are triggered by ionizing radiation (RTLs) to release their therapeutic payload. These liposomes are composed of natural egg phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC), cholesterol, and 1,2-disteroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG-2000), and the mean size of the RTL was in the range of 114 to 133 nm, as measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The trigger mechanism …

Search For Triple-Proton Decay Using Machine Learning With Cuore, Douglas Adams

Theses and Dissertations

A framework to search for a triple-proton decay of ¹³⁰Te in the CUORE detector against a background of muons is presented. We use machine learning to classify different kinds of energy depositing events. We use the classification information to improve our detection or non-detection limits of a triple-proton decay process. We derive and use a methodology of combining Poisson counting statistics with supervised classification machine learning tools. Additionally, a sensitivity calculation is provided which uses the classification counting likelihood. Using our analysis technique, we achieve an lower 2σ half-life bound of 7.43×10²⁴yrs for triple-proton decay of …

Spectroscopic Study Of The 4f76s2 8S◦7/2 - 4f7(8S◦)6s6p(1P◦) 8P9/2 Transition In Neutral Europium-151 And Europium-153: Absolute Frequency And Hyperfine Structure, M. T. Herd, C. Maruko, M. M. Herzog, A. Brand, G. Cannon, B. Duah, N. Hollin, T. Karani, A. Wallace, M. Whitmore, W. D. Williams

Physics: Faculty Publications

We report on spectroscopic measurements on the 4 f 76s2 8S◦7/2 → 4 f 7(8S◦)6s6 p(1P◦) 8P9/2 transition in neutral europium-151 and europium-153 at 459.4 nm. The center of gravity frequencies for the 151 and 153 isotopes, reported for the first time in this paper, to our knowledge, were found to be 652,389,757.16(34) MHz and 652,386,593.2(5) MHz, respectively. The hyperfine coefficients for the 6s6 p(1P◦) 8P9/2 state were found to be A(151) = -228.84(2) MHz, B(151) = 226.9(5) MHz and A(153) = -101.87(6) MHz, B(153) = 575.4(1.5) MHz, which all agree with previously published results except for A(153), which shows …

Memristive Ising Circuits, Vincent James Dowling

Theses and Dissertations

Resistance random access memory (ReRAM) cells are emerging passive components showing great promise for applications in non-volatile storage, in-memory computing, and neuromorphic circuits, to name a few. Various experimental ReRAM cells have demonstrated excellent characteristics. This includes nanoscale size, short read and write times, and small energy requirements needed to manipulate the information. The main obstacles preventing the widespread adoption of ReRAM technology are significant device-to-device and cycle-to-cycle variability.

In essence, ReRAM cells are resistors with memory whose state (resistance) can be changed by an applied signal such as voltage. Many models were developed for describing their response. These range …

Spirality: A Novel Way To Measure Spiral Arm Pitch Angle, Deanna Shields, Benjamin Boe, Casey Pfountz, Benjamin L. Davis, Matthew Hartley, Ryan Miller, Zac Slade, M. Shameer Abdeen, Daniel Kennefick, Julia Kennefick

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present the MATLAB code Spirality, a novel method for measuring spiral arm pitch angles by fitting galaxy images to spiral templates of known pitch. Computation time is typically on the order of 2 min per galaxy, assuming 8 GB of working memory. We tested the code using 117 synthetic spiral images with known pitches, varying both the spiral properties and the input parameters. The code yielded correct results for all synthetic spirals with galaxy-like properties. We also compared the code’s results to two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform (2DFFT) measurements for the sample of nearby galaxies defined by DMS PPak. Spirality’s …

Oxygen Vacancies In Lib3O5 Crystals And Their Role In Nonlinear Absorption, Brian C. Holloway, Christopher A. Lenyk, Timothy D. Gustafson, Nancy C. Giles

Faculty Publications

LiB₃O₅ (LBO) crystals are used to generate the second, third, and fourth harmonics of near-infrared solid-state lasers. At high power levels, the material’s performance is adversely affected by nonlinear absorption. We show that as-grown crystals contain oxygen and lithium vacancies. Transient absorption bands are formed when these intrinsic defects serve as traps for “free” electrons and holes created by x rays or by three- and four-photon absorption processes. Trapped electrons introduce a band near 300 nm and trapped holes produce bands in the 500-600 nm region. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is used to identify and characterize the …

Control Of Dy 164 Bose-Einstein Condensate Phases And Dynamics With Dipolar Anisotropy, S. Halder, K. Mukherjee, Simeon I. Mistakidis, S. Das, P. G. Kevrekidis, P. K. Panigrahi, S. Majumder, H. R. Sadeghpour

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We Investigate The Quench Dynamics Of Quasi-One- And Two-Dimensional Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates Of Dy164 Atoms Under The Influence Of A Fast Rotating Magnetic Field. The Magnetic Field Thus Controls Both The Magnitude And Sign Of The Dipolar Potential. We Account For Quantum Fluctuations, Critical To Formation Of Exotic Quantum Droplet And Supersolid Phases In The Extended Gross-Pitaevskii Formalism, Which Includes The So-Called Lee-Huang-Yang Correction. An Analytical Variational Ansatz Allows Us To Obtain The Phase Diagrams Of The Superfluid And Droplet Phases. The Crossover From The Superfluid To The Supersolid Phase And To Single And Droplet Arrays Is Probed With Particle …

Measurement Of The Mass Dependence Of The Transverse Momentum Of Lepton Pairs In Drell–Yan Production In Proton–Proton Collisions At √S = 13tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The double differential cross sections of the Drell–Yan lepton pair (ℓ ⁺ ℓ ⁻, dielectron or dimuon) production are measured as functions of the invariant mass m_ℓℓ, transverse momentum p_T(ℓℓ), and ϕ^∗_η. The ϕ^∗_η observable, derived from angular measurements of the leptons and highly correlated with p_T(ℓℓ), is used to probe the low-p_T(ℓℓ) region in a complementary way. Dilepton masses up to 1 TeV are investigated. Additionally, a measurement is performed requiring at least one jet in the final state. To benefit from partial cancellation …

Biogeochemical Responses To Mixing Of Glacial Meltwater And Hot Spring Discharge In The Mount St. Helens Crater, Ashley Dubnick, Q. Faber, J. R. Hawkings, N. Bramall, B. C. Christner, Peter T. Doran, Jay Nadeau, C. Snyder, Multiple Additional Authors

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Environments where geothermal waters and glacier meltwater mix are common on Earth yet little is known about the biogeochemical processes that occur when hot, reduced geothermal water mixes with cold, oxidized glacial meltwater in natural systems. Mount St. Helens provides an ideal location to study the interaction between geothermal and glacier waters since the water sources, and their mixing environment in Step Creek, are exposed in the volcanic crater. We find that the two water sources contain distinct major ion, trace element, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and biological signatures. The hot spring contains high concentrations of biogeochemically reactive components (e.g., …

Characterization Of Superconducting Hardware For Implementing Quantum Stabilizers, Kenneth Richard Dodge

Dissertations - ALL

Superconducting qubits are one of the leading approaches being investigated for building a scalable quantum computer. In the presence of external noise and perturbations plus local microscopic fluctuations and dissipation in the qubit environment, arbitrary quantum states will decohere, leading to bit-flip and phase-flip errors of the qubit. In order to build a fault-tolerant quantum computer that can preserve and process quantum information in the presence of noise and dissipation, one must implement some form of quantum error correction. Stabilizer operations are at the heart of quantum error correction and are typically implemented in software-controlled entangling gates and measurements of …

Spontaneous Polarization In An Ultrathin Improper-Ferroelectric/Dielectric Bilayer In A Capacitor Structure At Cryogenic Temperatures, Yu Yun, Pratyush Buragohain, Arashdeep Singh Thind, Yuewei Yin, Xin Li, Xuanyuan Jiang, Rohan Mishra, Alexei Gruverman, X. S. Xu

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

To determine the effect of depolarization and the critical thickness in improper-ferroelectric hexagonal-ferrite thin films, we investigate the polarization switching of a ferroelectric/dielectric bilayer in capacitor structures at 20 K. Experimentally, we show that the spontaneous polarization persists throughout the studied thickness range (3 to 80 unit cell), even with a thick (10-nm) dielectric layer, suggesting no practical thickness limit for applications. By fitting the effect of depolarization using the phenomenological theory, we show that the spontaneous polarization remains finite when the thickness of the ferroelectric layer approaches zero, providing a hint for the absence of critical thickness. We also …

Miniaturized Iii-V/ Si Hybrid Laser With An Integrated Modulator, Praveen Kumar Singaravelu

Theses

Light interaction with microscopic and nanoscopic structures enable manipulation of its characteristics which can be used to detect objects in 3D sensing, propel satellites to space using photonic propulsion and transmit data through optical communication. For optical communication, the basic components are lasers, modulators and photodetectors. The development of CMOS microfabrication foundries helps to manufacture silicon-based photonic devices with high yield that is directly co-integrated with electronics in a single chip. However, the lack of emission of photons efficiently in silicon propelled the necessity of hybrid photonic devices that inherits the combined advantage of different materials i.e. functionality and volume. …

On A Novel Approach To The Thermogravimetric Analysis Of Polymers: Polystyrene, Mircea Chipara, Karen Lozano, Dorina M. Chipara, Carlos Delgado, Victoria Padilla

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

A novel equation that describes the temperature dependence of the residual mass fraction (as determined by thermogravimetric analysis) is derived, assuming that the dependence of the residual mass fraction on temperature has a sigmoidal shape. The equation allows the estimation of the sigmoidal activation energy solely from the experimental data at a single heating rate. The consistency with the isoconversional approach and the relationship between the Ozawa and sigmoidal activation energies are reported. The equation was successfully tested by the thermal degradation of atactic polystyrene at various heating rates. Both the thermograms and their derivatives are analyzed in detail.

Classification Of Pixel Tracks To Improve Track Reconstruction From Proton-Proton Collisions, Kebur Fantahun, Jobin Joseph, Halle Purdom, Nibhrat Lohia

SMU Data Science Review

In this paper, machine learning techniques are used to reconstruct particle collision pathways. CERN (Conseil européen pour la recherche nucléaire) uses a massive underground particle collider, called the Large Hadron Collider or LHC, to produce particle collisions at extremely high speeds. There are several layers of detectors in the collider that track the pathways of particles as they collide. The data produced from collisions contains an extraneous amount of background noise, i.e., decays from known particle collisions produce fake signal. Particularly, in the first layer of the detector, the pixel tracker, there is an overwhelming amount of background noise that …

Positronium Collisions With Polar Molecules, R. S. Wilde, M. K. Selvage, Ilya I. Fabrikant

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We calculate elastic and positronium (Ps) break-up cross sections for collisions of Ps with the polar molecules CO, HCl, and LiF in the fixed-nuclei approximation. We incorporate electron exchange and correlation for these processes by using the free-electron-gas model developed earlier for Ps scattering by rare-gas atoms, N₂, O₂, and CO₂ molecules. The present target molecules provide a range of dipole moments from the weakly polar CO to the strongly polar LiF. We find that Ps scattering is similar to electron scattering when the cross sections are plotted as a function of projectile velocity for …

Dirac Dark Matter, Neutrino Masses, And Dark Baryogenesis, Diego Restrepo, Andrès Rivera, Walter Tangarife

Physics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

We present a gauged baryon number model as an example of models where all new fermions required to cancel out the anomalies help to solve phenomenological problems of the standard model (SM). Dark fermion doublets, along with the isosinglet charged fermions, in conjunction with a set of SM-singlet fermions, participate in the generation of small neutrino masses through the Dirac-dark Zee mechanism. The other SM-singlets explain the dark matter in the Universe, while their coupling to an inert singlet scalar is the source of the CP violation. In the presence of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition, this “dark” CP …

Search For Numi Mudar Electron Neutrinos In Microboone, Ohana Benevides Rodrigues

Dissertations - ALL

Muon Decay-at-Rest (μDAR) produces electron-neutrinos (νe) in the 0 to 53 MeV energy range. The given range is especially interesting for its similarity to Supernovae-produced νe. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) has as one of its main goals to measure Supernovae neutrinos on the occasion of a Galactic Supernova burst. To optimize the chances of detection, a low-energy neutrino-LAr cross-section (XS) measurement is a piece of important information to have at hand. MicroBooNE presents a good opportunity to explore the low-energy ν-LAr detection and XS using the μDAR neutrinos and therefore develop the tools necessary for DUNE to interpret …

Combining Freestanding Ferroelectric Perovskite Oxides With Two-Dimensional Semiconductors For High Performance Transistors, Sergio Puebla, Thomas Pucher, Victor Rouco, Gabriel Sanchez-Santolino, Yong Xie, Victor Zamora, Fabian A. Cuellar, Federico J. Mompean, Carlos Leon, Carlos O. Island, Mar Garcia-Hernandez, Jacobo Santamaria, Carmen Munuera, Andres Castellanos-Gomez

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

We demonstrate the fabrication of field-effect transistors based on single-layer MoS2 and a thin layer of BaTiO3 (BTO) dielectric, isolated from its parent epitaxial template substrate. Thin BTO provides an ultrahigh-κ gate dielectric effectively screening Coulomb scattering centers. These devices show mobilities substantially larger than those obtained with standard SiO2 dielectrics and comparable with values obtained with hexagonal boron nitride, a dielectric employed for fabrication of high-performance two-dimensional (2D) based devices. Moreover, the ferroelectric character of BTO induces a robust hysteresis of the current vs gate voltage characteristics, attributed to its polarization switching. This hysteresis is strongly suppressed when the …

A Blind Benchmark Of Analysis Tools To Infer Kinetic Rate Constants From Single-Molecule Fret Trajectories, Dorothy A. Erie, Lydia Kisley, Dushani Dunukara

Faculty Scholarship

Single-molecule FRET (smFRET) is a versatile technique to study the dynamics and function of biomolecules since it makes nanoscale movements detectable as fluorescence signals. The powerful ability to infer quantitative kinetic information from smFRET data is, however, complicated by experimental limitations. Diverse analysis tools have been developed to overcome these hurdles but a systematic comparison is lacking. Here, we report the results of a blind benchmark study assessing eleven analysis tools used to infer kinetic rate constants from smFRET trajectories. We test them against simulated and experimental data containing the most prominent difficulties encountered in analyzing smFRET experiments: different noise …

Pulse-Echo Quantitative Us Biomarkers For Liver Steatosis: Toward Technical Standardization, Timothy Stiles, David T. Fetzer, Ivan M. Rosado-Mendez, Michael Wang, Michelle L. Robbin, Arinc Ozturk, Keith A. Wear, Juvenal Ormachea, J. Brian Fowlkes, Timothy J. Hall, Anthony E. Samir

Natural Sciences Publications

Excessive liver fat (steatosis) is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and is an independent risk factor for cirrhosis and associated complications. Accurate and clinically useful diagnosis, risk stratification, prognostication, and therapy monitoring require accurate and reliable biomarker measurement at acceptable cost. This article describes a joint effort by the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine (AIUM) and the RSNA Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) to develop standards for clinical and technical validation of quantitative biomarkers for liver steatosis. The AIUM Liver Fat Quantification Task Force provides clinical guidance, while the RSNA QIBA Pulse-Echo Quantitative Ultrasound …

Search For A W' Boson Decaying To A Vector-Like Quark And A Top Or Bottom Quark In The All-Jets Final State At √S = 13 Tev, The Cms Collaboration

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A search is presented for a heavy W0 boson resonance decaying to a B or T vector-like quark and a t or a b quark, respectively. The analysis is performed using protonproton collisions collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹ at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV. Both decay channels result in a signature with a t quark, a Higgs or Z boson, and a b quark, each produced with a significant Lorentz boost. The all-hadronic decays of the Higgs or Z boson and of the t quark are …