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Molybdenum Disulfide (Mos₂) As A Nanocellulose Substrate, Mariana Torres, Dylan Seiffert, Elise Hong-Miller, T. E. Kidd

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Cellulose is a substance abundant in nature, found in fruits and vegetables, plant cell walls (National Center for Biotechnology Information, 2023), and wood (Sjostrom, 1993). The abundance of cellulose is attributable to its linear chemical structure, as it is composed of long strands of glucose molecules linked together by hydrogen atoms, which enable the substance to withstand significant pressure without breaking (Rongpipi et al., 2019). This property—known as high tensile strength—is joined by its non-toxicity and sustainability, given cellulose may be degraded and renewed naturally (Kaur, 2021). These various properties indicate versatility, and its resultant current and desired uses—such as …

Impacts And Applications Of Vegetable Glycerin On Nanocellulose, Elise Hong-Miller, Dylan Seiffert, T. E. Kidd

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

Nanocellulose is created by breaking down cellulose, the most common organic molecule found in nature. Nanocellulose has attractive properties, such as a very high strength-to-weight ratio, for many different applications. A major challenge is that nanocellulose has a very high shrinkage % (~90%) when it is dried, as well as a strong probability to crack. Different additives can be added in varying amounts to either mitigate or intensify these aspects, as well as affect its drying conditions. This investigation is helping the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Army to find a use for this highly renewable …

Investigation Of A Magnet Falling Through A Copper Pipe, Brianna Williams, Paul M. Shand

Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium

• The goal of this research is to explore the effects of wall thickness and temperature on the rate at which a magnet falls through a copper pipe.
• A magnet is not attracted to copper. Copper is not magnetic; however, it is a great conductor of electricity.
• Due to Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law, we know that a changing magnetic flux will produce an electric current that opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it. These laws together explain why a magnet will fall slowly in a copper pipe even though it is not attracted.

62nd Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 62nd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Sonesta Denver Downtown, Denver, Colorado, July 23-27, 2023.

Search For Nonresonant Pair Production Of Highly Energetic Higgs Bosons Decaying To Bottom Quarks, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A search for nonresonant Higgs boson (H) pair production via gluon and vector boson (V) fusion is performed in the four-bottom-quark final state, using proton-proton collision data at 13 TeV corresponding to 138 fb⁻¹ collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The analysis targets Lorentz-boosted H pairs identified using a graph neural network. It constrains the strengths relative to the standard model of the H self-coupling and the quartic VVHH couplings, κ_2V, excluding κ_2V = 0 for the first time, with a significance of 6.3 standard deviations when other H couplings …

Two-Particle Azimuthal Correlations In Γp Interactions Using Ppb Collisions At √SNn=8.16tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The first measurements of the Fourier coefficients (V_nΔ) of the azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons emitted from photon-proton (γp) interactions are presented. The data are extracted from 68.8nb⁻¹of ultra-peripheral proton-lead (pPb) collisions at √s_NN=8.16 TeVusing the CMS detector. The high energy lead ions produce a flux of photons that can interact with the oncoming proton. This γp system provides a set of unique initial conditions with multiplicity lower than in photon-lead collisions but comparable to recent electron-positron and electron-proton data. The V_nΔ coefficients are presented in ranges of event multiplicity and transverse momentum …

Search For Medium Effects Using Jets From Bottom Quarks In Pbpb Collisions At √SNn=5.02tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The first study of the shapes of jets arising from bottom (b) quarks in heavy ion collisions is presented. Jet shapes are studied using charged hadron constituents as a function of their radial distance from the jet axis. Lead-lead (PbPb) collision data at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of √s_NN=5.02TeVwere recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC, with an integrated luminosity of 1.69nb⁻¹. Compared to proton-proton collisions, aredistribution of the energy inbjets to larger distances from the jet axis is observed in PbPb collisions. This medium-induced redistribution is found to be substantially larger forbjets than for …

Search For New Heavy Resonances Decaying To Ww, Wz, Zz, Wh, Or Zh Boson Pairs In The All-Jets Final State In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S=13 Tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A search for new heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, or ZHboson pairs in the all-jets final state is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS detector in 2016–2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeVat the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb⁻¹. The search is sensitive to resonances with masses between 1.3and 6 TeV, decaying to bosons that are highly Lorentz-boosted such that each of the bosons forms a single large-radius jet. Machine learning techniques are employed to identify such jets. No significant excess over the estimated …

Search For Narrow Resonances In The B-Tagged Dijet Mass Spectrum In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S=13 Tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A search is performed for narrow resonances decaying to final states of two jets, with at least one jet originating from a b quark, in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹ collected with theCMS detector at the LHC. Jets originating from energetic b hadrons are identified through a b-tagging algorithm that utilizes a deep neural network or the presence of a muon inside a jet. The invariant mass spectrum of jet pairs is well described by a smooth parametrization and no evidence for the production of …

Noise Analysis Of The Indian Pulsar Timing Array Data Release I, Aman Srivastava, Shantanu Desai, Neel Kolhe, Mayuresh Surnis, Bhal Chandra Joshi, Abhimanyu Susobhanan, Aurélien Chalumeau, Shinnosuke Hisano, Nobleson K, Raghav Girgaonkar

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications

The Indian Pulsar Timing Array (InPTA) collaboration has recently made its first official data release (DR1) for a sample of 14 pulsars using 3.5 years of uGMRT observations. We present the results of single-pulsar noise analysis for each of these 14 pulsars using the InPTA DR1. For this purpose, we consider white noise, achromatic red noise, dispersion measure (DM) variations, and scattering variations in our analysis. We apply Bayesian model selection to obtain the preferred noise models among these for each pulsar. For PSR J1600−3053, we find no evidence of DM and scattering variations, while for PSR J1909−3744, we find …

Probing Heavy Majorana Neutrinos And The Weinberg Operator Through Vector Boson Fusion Processes In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S = 13 Tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

The first search exploiting the vector boson fusion process to probe heavy Majorana neutrinos and the Weinberg operator at the LHC is presented. The search is performed in the same-sign dimuon final state using a proton-proton collision dataset recorded at √s = 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector and corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 138 fb⁻¹. The results are found to agree with the predictions of the standard model. For heavy Majorana neutrinos, constraints on the squared mixing element between the muon and the heavy neutrino are derived in the heavy neutrino mass range 50 …

Application Of A Diatomic Molecule Model Potential To A Series Of Homo- And Heterodiatomic Molecules, Dorien E. Carpenter, Javier E. Hasbun

Georgia Journal of Science

We apply a one-dimensional classical model of a diatomic molecule model potential with modifications to H₂, HF, LiF, N₂, and CO. We obtain the unknown parameters of this model by digitizing plots of the potential curves for the molecules from a published, Hartree-Fock based theoretical electron correlation calculation (Piris 2017). We then apply the method of successive approximations to the model in order to calculate the wavenumber for each molecule in the series. The wavenumber depends on a parameter which in turn depends on the initial conditions. The value of this parameter for each individual molecule …

Numerical Design And Optimization Of Near-Infrared Band- Pass Filter, Hafiza Syeeda Faiza, Ghazi Aman Nowsherwan, Basem A. Abu Izneid, Muhammad Azhar, Saira Riaz, Syed Sajjad Hussain, Saira Ikram, Mohsin Khan, Shahzad Naseem, Mohammad Kanan, Ibrahim M. Mansour

Applied Mathematics & Information Sciences

Band-pass filters functioning in the near-infrared (IR) range are desired for laser technology, multi-photon fluorescence, and IR imaging applications. In this study, we have designed four band-pass filters in the near Infrared spectrum (900-1200 nm) by vertically stacking different high and low-index materials. The band-pass filters are modelled by Essential Macleod software with different thicknesses. The layer’s thicknesses were optimized in such a way to provide the negligible reflectance and maximum transmission on the front side. All the simulated band-pass filters exhibit high transmittance, but TiO2/Al2O3 and Ta2O5/Al2O3 outperforms other modelled structure in terms of performance due to the better …

Development And Reliability Analysis Of A Split-Administration Test Of The Math Epistemic Games Survey, Stephen Hackler, E. Elliott, M. Eichenlaub, Alison M. Sweeney

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Works

The increasing and diversifying student enrollments in introductory physics courses make reliable, valid, and usable instruments for measuring student skills and gains ever more important. In introductory physics, in addition to teaching facts about mechanics, we also seek to teach our students the skills of “thinking like a physicist,” or expertise in and intuition for physical problem solving. How and when these expert, intuitive problem-solving skills emerge during a STEM education, or what the most effective teaching methods might be, are not certain. A facile survey to measure students’ “physics-thinking” skills in a pretest and post-test format is therefore desirable …

Algebraic Approach To Relativistic Landau Levels In The Symmetric Gauge, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We use an algebraic approach to the calculation of Landau levels for a uniform magnetic field in the symmetric gauge with a vector potential A→=12(B→xr→), where B→ is assumed to be constant. The magnetron quantum number constitutes the degeneracy index. An overall complex phase of the wave function, given in terms of Laguerre polynomials, is a consequence of the algebraic structure. The relativistic generalization of the treatment leads to fully relativistic bispinor Landau levels in the symmetric gauge, in a representation which writes the relativistic states in terms of their nonrelativistic limit, and an algebraically accessible lower bispinor component. Negative-energy …

Analyzing The On Source Window Of Supernova Sn2019ejj With A Multi Layered Signal Enhancement Algorithm With Coherent Waveburst And A Convolutional Neural Network, Michael Gale Benjamin

Theses and Dissertations

Core collapse supernovae (CCSN) are highly anticipated sources of gravitational waves during the fourth observation run (O4). CCSN signals are weak and unmodeled and the rate of occurrence in our galaxy is very low. Because of this, they provide a greater challenge to detect than previously detected GW sources. CCSN simulations are used to test the detection pipeline in the event a CCSN is detected. CCSN GW signals are often indistinguishable from the noise sources present in GW data. We present a multi layered signal enhancement pipeline which we have applied Machine Learning (ML) techniques. We have used a Convolutional …

A Convolutional Neural Network Based Approach To Study The Gravitational Waves From Core-Collapse Supernovae In Ligo's Third Observation Run: Detection Efficiency And Parameter Estimation, Bhawana Sedhai

Theses and Dissertations

Core-Collapse Supernova (CCSN) is one of the most anticipated sources of Gravitational Waves (GW) arriving at the advanced LIGO detectors during the fourth observation run (O4). CCSN are rare, weak and unmodeled having a very low rate of occurrence in our galaxy (estimated 2 per century). Thus, detection of GW from CCSN is a challenging problem. An analysis pipeline used in this study is Multi-Layer Signal Enhancement with cWB and CNN or MuLaSEcC that combines Machine Learning methods with a network of Gravitational Wave detectors to identify and reconstruct signals from core collapse supernovae, while minimizing false alarms through the …

X-Ray And Uv Observations Of The Contact Binary Kic 9832227, Dirk Pandel, Lawrence A. Molnar

Open Access Publishing Support Funded Articles

We investigate the X-ray and UV emission from the contact binary star KIC 9832227, which was observed with XMM-Newton for one orbital cycle. The binary is detected with an average X-ray luminosity of 3.4 × 10³⁰ erg s⁻¹. The X-ray emission is restricted to energies below 3 keV and originates from a multitemperature plasma with temperatures up to 1 keV. The X-ray spectrum has at least two distinct components, a cooler, mostly steady component, and a hotter component exhibiting significant variability. The variable X-ray emission appears to originate from a compact flare near the contact region between …

Yield Extraction For The Γd → Λ X Reaction, K H P Nishadi Hasarangi Silva

Theses and Dissertations

Improving and adding new experimental measurements of hyperon-nucleon (YN) and hyperon-deuteron (Yd) cross sections is an active area in nuclear physics research. Scientists use such cross-section data to understand the composition of neutron stars and develop a comprehensive picture of the baryon-baryon interaction. Using high luminosity photon beam incident on a long liquid deuterium target and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), a sample of hyperon-deuteron elastic scattering events was previously identified. The E06-103 (g13) experiment was originally designed to address the scarcity of experimental data on hyperon photoproduction off the neutron …

Measurement Of The Total Cross-Section Of Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Coherent Pion Production In Nova Near Detector, Kuruppumullage Don Chatura Dilshan Kuruppu

Theses and Dissertations

Charged Current (CC) coherent neutrino-nucleus pion production is characterized by small momentum transferred to the nucleus, which is left in its ground state. Despite the relatively large uncertainties on the production cross-section, coherent production of mesons by neutrinos represents an important process, as it can shed light on the structure of the weak current and can also constitute a potential source of background for modern neutrino oscillation experiments and searches for Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics. This Ph.D. thesis presents a new measurement of CC coherent pion production in the NOvA near detector at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab). …

Crosssections, Summer 2023, University Of Northern Iowa. Department Of Physics.

CrossSections

Contents:

A Message from the Department Head, Dr. Paul Shand --- 1
Department Happenings --- 2
Faculty Profile: Andrew Stollenwerk --- 7
Student Profile: Lukas Stuelke --- 8
Student Focus: Jenna Heinen --- 11
Physics Education --- 13
Alumni Profile: Sam Prophet --- 14
Alumni News: Shawn Poellet --- 15
New Physics: Quantum Mechanics Must Be Complex --- 17

Freestanding Graphene Heat Engine Analyzed Using Stochastic Thermodynamics, J. Durbin, J. M. Mangum, M. N. Gikunda, F. Harerimana, P. Kumar, L. L. Bonilla, P. M. Thibado

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present an Ito-Langevin model for freestanding graphene connected to an electrical circuit. The graphene is treated as a Brownian particle in a double-well potential and is adjacent to a fixed electrode to form a variable capacitor. The capacitor is connected in series with a battery and a load resistor. The capacitor and resistor are given separate thermal reservoirs. We have solved the coupled Ito-Langevin equations for a broad range of temperature differences between the two reservoirs. Using ensemble averages, we report the rate of change in energy, heat, and work using stochastic thermodynamics. When the resistor is held at …

Exploring The Influence Of Online Inquiry Learning With E-Scaffolding Prompting Question On Problem-Solving Skills In The Work And Energy Topic For Islamic Senior High School Students, Arrika Wifqotu Lailin Nafisah, Supriyono Koes Handayanto, Sunaryono Sunaryono, Chokchai Yuenyong

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This comprehensive investigation delves into the impact of integrating e-scaffolding prompting questions into online inquiry learning on students' problem-solving skills (PSS). With an explanatory design and a mixed-methods approach, the study focuses on XI-MIPA class students at MAN 1 Kediri City during the academic year 2022-2023. Utilizing meticulously crafted learning instruments, five problem-solving skills questions, and precise interview guidelines, the research employs triangulation through pre-tests, post-tests, and in- depth interviews. Quantitative data undergoes rigorous scrutiny via Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). The primary objective is to unveil the discernible influence of online inquiry learning complemented by e-scaffolding on the nuanced domain …

Exploring High School Students' Concept Mastery Of Work And Energy Topics: A Quantitative Descriptive Study With Insights For Stem Learning, Maharani Karunia Putri, Parno Parno, Nuril Munfaridah, Marlina Ali

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This quantitative descriptive study investigates the concept mastery of work and energy among high school students, specifically focusing on 105 students from the XI MIPA Laboratory UM High School. The research employs a concept mastery test, adapting Bloom's taxonomy indicators from C2 to C6, comprising 15 reasoned multiple-choice questions with a reliability value of 0.704. Student responses, categorized into No Response (NR), No Understanding (NU), Incorrect Understanding (IU), Partial Understanding (PU), and Sound Understanding (SU), reveal a prevalent mastery level in the category of Incorrect Understanding or partial comprehension of misconceptions. Specifically, NR, NU, IU, PU, and SU categories are …

Study Of Scientific Reasoning And Concept Mastery Of Students Through Guided Inquiry Learning Model Assisted By Formative Assessment, Selvina Visbad Saiya, Sentot Kusairi, Sunaryono Sunaryono

Jurnal Pendidikan Sains

This study endeavors to assess the impact of guided inquiry learning, complemented by formative assessment, on students’ scientific reasoning (SR) and concept mastery (CM). The research involved 20 students from class XI A at SMA Muhammadiyah 02 Sumberpucung, utilizing questions adapted from the modified Lawson classroom test of scientific reasoning (MLCTSR) to measure SR, and the force concept inventory (FCI) to gauge CM. The instructional focus was Newton’s law of motion. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed for data interpretation. The findings revealed a substantial influence of the guided inquiry learning model on SR, with a d-effect size value …

Climate Of A Cave Laboratory Representative For Rock Art Caves In The Vézère Area (South-West France), Delphine Lacanette, Léna Bassel, Fabien Salmon, Jean-Christophe Portais, Bruno Bousquet, Rémy Chapoulie, Faten Ammari, Philippe Malaurent, Catherine Ferrier

International Journal of Speleology

Leye Cave (Dordogne, France) is a laboratory cave in the Vézère area, a region that contains some of the most famous rock art caves in the world such as Lascaux, Font-de-Gaume and Combarelles, and is listed as Human World Heritage by UNESCO. Leye Cave was selected because it is representative of painted caves, with respect to parameters such as its geological stage, the presence of water and carbon dioxide, the geological state of its walls, and the size of the cave. These wall states are studied to better understand the conditions of conservation of rock art caves without damaging them. …

Fractional Charge Concept Opened Gates For New Ideas On Composition Of Matter, Polievkt Perov

College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Works

Before the concept of quarks with fractional electric charges was introduced, the electron charge magnitude e was considered as the smallest amount of charge in nature so the charge of any object could be only an integer number of ± e. Then it was suggested that the proton and neutrons are composed of quarks with the fractional charges, combined in such a way that the total charge of a proton occurred to be that same known charge +e, and the charge of a neutron was zero. We suggest expanding that fruitful concept of fractional charges to build structural models of …

Quantum Hamilton–Jacobi Quantization And Shape Invariance, Rathi Dasgupta, Asim Gangopadhyaya

Physics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi quantization scheme uses the singularity structure of the potential of a quantum mechanical system to generate its eigenspectrum and eigenfunctions, and its efficacy has been demonstrated for several well known conventional potentials. Using a recent work in supersymmetric quantum mechanics, we prove that the additive shape invariance of all conventional potentials and unbroken supersymmetry are sufficient conditions for their solvability within the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism.

Adaptive Quantum Information Processing In Non-Equilibrium Environments, Arshag Danageozian

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Solid state and condensed matter systems, such as diamond impurities, superconductors, quantum dots, and ion traps, constitute important physical platforms for various applications in quantum information processing (QIP). However, it has consistently been shown that all such modern platforms suffer from non-equilibrium behavior on timescales that are relevant for many important QIP tasks. The causes range from intrinsic non-equilibrium dynamics (e.g. in diamond) to the presence of various impurities with their own internal dynamics (e.g. in superconductors and quantum dots) or variations in the control fields used to stabilize the quantum matter (e.g. in ion traps). When reserving degrees of …

Intrinsic Point Defects (Vacancies And Antisites) In Cdgep2 Crystals, Timothy D. Gustafson, Nancy C. Giles, Peter G. Schunemann, Kevin T. Zawilski, Kent L. Averett, Jonathan E. Slagle, Larry E. Halliburton

Faculty Publications

Cadmium germanium diphosphide (CdGeP₂) crystals, with versatile terahertz-generating properties, belong to the chalcopyrite family of nonlinear optical materials. Other widely investigated members of this family are ZnGeP₂ and CdSiP₂. The room-temperature absorption edge of CdGeP₂ is near 1.72 eV (720 nm). Cadmium vacancies, phosphorous vacancies, and germanium-on-cadmium antisites are present in as-grown CdGeP₂ crystals. These unintentional intrinsic point defects are best studied below room temperature with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optical absorption. Prior to exposure to light, the defects are in charge states that have no unpaired spins. Illuminating a CdGeP_{2 …}