Digital Commons Network^™

Cytotoxicity Of Bioactive Peptides From Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp) Against Breast Cancer Cells (Mcf-7), Dian R. Ningsih, Zusfahair Zusfahair, Ely Setiawan, Purwati Purwati, Kasta Gurning, Fitri A. Puspita Sari, Elya Widiawati

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cancer is characterized by dysregulated metabolic signaling pathways, leading to uncontrolled cellular proliferation. Current cancer treatments, which involve surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, still cause adverse systemic toxicities. Accordingly, one possible effort that can be undertaken is to explore safe anticancer substances from protein sources such as peptides. Bioactive peptides can be isolated by hydrolyzing cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) protein with trypsin. The objectives of this study were to isolate and fractionate bioactive peptides from cowpea, to determine the anticancer activity of peptide fractions, to identify active peptide fractions as anticancer agents using Liquid Chromatography High Resolution Mass Spectrometry …

Exogenous Ribosome Incorporation Induces Lineage Transdifferentiation In Intestinal And Liver Cancer Cells, Haoxuan Gu, Nadia Wahyuningsih, Keisuke Yamashita, Shota Inoue, Fuchao Tan, Mani Sharaki, Muhaimin Rifa’I, Kunimasa Ohta

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

It has previously been shown that exogenous bacterial ribosomes added to somatic cells and various cancer cell lines generate ribosome-induced cell clusters (RICs) capable of transdifferentiating into multiple cellular lineages. However, the scope of ribosome-induced transdifferentiation in cancer cells remains poorly understood. This study aimed to analyze the effects of exogenous ribosome incorporation on human cancer cell lines, specifically the intestinal epithelial cell line Caco-2 and the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2. Caco-2 and HepG2 cells were cultured with purified bacterial ribosomes in human ES/iPS cell medium after trypsinization, resulting in the formation of ribosome-induced Caco-2 (RICs-Ca) and HepG2 (RICs-He) …

Selenoprotein P And Selenium As Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers For Breast Cancer Patients, Farah A. Rashid, Rawaa A. Ali, Hanaa A. Ali

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Breast cancer incidence increases in last decade. Oxidative stress increases during cancer development causes consuming of antioxidants. Selenium and its transporting protein, selenoprotein P have an important role in redox homeostasis. This study aims to investigate whether or not selenium and selenoprotein P could be diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients. This study was included 30 individuals in control group who is age- and BMI-matched with 60 breast cancer patients. Selenium was measured by colorimetric assay kit and selenoprotein P was determined by Sandwich ELISA kits. The results indicate significant decrease (p < 0.0001) of serum selenium and selenoprotein P in breast cancer patients compared to control. A positive significant correlation (r = 0.6214, p < 0.0001) was found between selenium and selenoprotein P in breast cancer patients. Selenium has an excellent diagnostic accuracy with area under curve 0.9831, sensitivity 95% and specificity 100% at cut-off less than 3.54 mmol/L. Furthermore, selenoprotein P has also an excellent area under curve 0.9958 with sensitivity 96.77% and specificity 100% at cut-off less than 4.15 ng/ml. These exploratory findings appear that selenium and selenoprotein P could be potential diagnostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients. Further investigations in large-multicenter populations are needed to confirm results.

Mathematically Driven Enhancement In Information Security, Suhaib Badran, Asmaa Alqassab

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

A new mathematically based cryptographic method has been proposed to improve information security; it involves transforming data into a matrix and performing bit-level operations. This decryption then follows the basic mechanism of a deterministic, fully invertible algorithm, with this invertible algorithm having the same principle as the existing ones: the process of decryption is symmetrical, where the process is reversed based on the input of the ciphertext. The plaintext is transformed into a square matrix, which includes matrix rotation, permutation of rows, circular bit shifting, and finally an affine linear transformation followed by an additional Base62-like encoding layer to further …

Tapping Into The Ocean’S Hidden Energy: Feasibility Of A 5 Mw Otec Installation In North Bali, Widodo Setiyo Pranowo, Yani Permanawati, Gisela Malya Asoka Anindita, Agung Kurniawan, Albertus Sulaiman, Johar Setiyadi, Safri Burhanuddin, Ivonne Milichristi Radjawane, Hansan Park, Endro Sigit Kurniawan

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Indonesia is an archipelagic country surrounded by water and faces energy challenges due to the low use of renewable energy. Among the potential renewable options, marine energy is a particularly suitable resource given the country’s geographical nature. Based on this discussion, seawater temperature can be used as an alternative ocean thermal en-ergy known as ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) by using the difference in sea surface and deep-sea water temperatures. Therefore, this study aimed to examine OTEC installations in North Bali waters using closed-cycle OTEC calculations for a 5 MW system. Following this objective, we examined the water conditions by …

Faith-Informed Instruction In Secondary Mathematics: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study Of Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod Teachers, Jonathan Balsman

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand the phenomenon of faith-informed instruction as experienced by secondary mathematics teachers in Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS) schools in the United States. The theory guiding this study was Vygotsky’s theory of social constructivism, which frames educators’ instructional and theological meaning-making as socially and contextually developed through collaborative, relational learning environments. The central research question guiding this study was: What are the lived experiences of LCMS secondary mathematics teachers as they practice faith-informed instruction? This study used a hermeneutic phenomenological design to interpret teacher meaning-making and reflective practice. Participants were selected using …

Assessment And Evidence Practices In Cybersecurity Education: A Systematic Review (2015–2025), James K. Mayberry

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

This study presents a PRISMA-based systematic review of 412 cybersecurity education intervention studies, coding assessment methods, evidence types, claimed outcomes, use of established assessment instruments, and artifact availability. Despite frequent claims of skill development and workforce preparation, 45.4% of studies reported no identifiable assessment. Knowledge tests appeared in 11.4% of studies, while performance assessments appeared in 10.2%. From 2015 to 2025, assessment practices remained dominated by post-only designs or no assessment, with no statistically detectable increase in pre/post-capable designs. Use of established assessment instruments was rare, with 94.2% of assessed studies using ad hoc measures or not identifying an established …

Surveying First-Year Stem Students’ Self-Reported Knowledge, Skills, And Attitudes Towards Teamwork, Gregory R. Goldsmith, Camilla Acosta

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The ability to work in a team is cited as a key outcome for many undergraduate Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) programs, both as a method for improving learning and as a highly desired trait for employers. Despite a growing focus on teamwork, our ability to design appropriate teamwork curriculum is limited by our poor understanding of what students arriving at university know about teamwork, what teamwork skills they consider themselves to possess, and their attitudes towards teamwork. We delivered a mixed-methods survey to first-year STEM undergraduate students (n = 205) to benchmark knowledge, skills and attitudes towards …

Ai-Powered Knowledge Engines As Research Infrastructure For Systematic Knowledge Discovery, Gary Welz

Publications and Research

This paper proposes knowledge engines as a framework for understanding how intelligent systems — both human and artificial — systematically discover, integrate, and generate knowledge. We argue that history’s greatest scientific minds functioned as knowledge engines, processing information through iterative cycles of ingestion, analysis, synthesis, and communication, guided by curiosity and willingness to challenge established beliefs.

We propose a taxonomy of nine integrated capabilities — ingestion, digestion, analysis, calculation, comparison, connection, association, analogy, and multimodal communication — that any serious knowledge engine must combine systematically. The argument is deliberately integrative: achieving ambitious research goals requires orchestrating all nine capabilities within …

Career: New Insights Into The Ancient Carbon Cycle From Siliceous Deep-Sea Sediments, Donald Penman

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Double-Scoring: Reliable Extraction Of Strong Lottery Tickets, Bryce Christopherson, Jack Baretz, Darian Colgrove, Salah Dandan

Mathematics Faculty Publications

The lottery ticket hypothesis proposes that large random neural networks contain sparse subnetworks that can match the performance of dense models after compara- ble training. A stronger version asserts that sufficiently overparameterized random networks contain subnetworks that are already accurate before any weight training. Existing theory establishes that such strong lottery tickets exist, but reliable ex- traction remains difficult. We revisit edge-popup, a frozen-weight score-training method for extracting strong tickets, and identify layerwise sparsity selection as a central bottleneck. We introduce double-scoring, an augmented score-space parameterization that replaces a layerwise sparsity search with optimization over enlarged score tensors. We prove …

Planetary Health: Scientific Frontier For Harmonious Coexistence Between Humans And Nature, Zhu Yongguan, Jue Liu, Hua Zheng, Yaoyang Xu, Weiqi Zhou, Hongliang Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Against the backdrop of deeply intertwined global environmental change, biodiversity loss, and health risks, Planetary Health is emerging as a new interdisciplinary field that is gradually becoming the scientific frontier for understanding harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. This study systematically reviews the evolution of Planetary Health from the “Planetary Boundaries” theory to a comprehensive disciplinary framework. Through a paradigmatic comparison with concepts such as public health, global health, and One Health, it reveals that the core breakthrough of Planetary Health lies in redefining human health as an endogenous variable embedded within the stability of Earth’s natural systems. Three major …

Progress And Prospective Of New Pollutants Study, Ruan Ting, Chunyang Liao, Yawei Wang, Maoyong Song, Yaqi Cai, Guibin Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The governance of new pollutants has been becoming a critical strategic demand for the high-quality development of China. The policy will be further advanced during the coming National 15th Five-Year Plan period. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain in aspects such as list of controlled chemicals, standard development, measurement methods, alternative approaches, and remediation techniques. Existing experience in addressing traditional pollutants remains insufficient to adequately address the concealed and complex ecological and/or health risks associated with new pollutants. Thus, a strengthening of basic research is the optimal approach to tackling these challenges and avoiding detours. To better identify the critical scientific challenges …

Building Ai-Native Innovation System To Drive Transformation And Innovation In Research Organization And Management Models, Hong Xuehai

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is profoundly reshaping research paradigms. This study aims to analyze the intrinsic mechanisms through which AI empowers scientific research and its impact on the organizational management models of research. By summarizing what AI can and cannot do in empowering research, it reveals the current effectiveness and capability boundaries of AI in this domain. Based on the extraction of common core conditions for AI-empowered research and the deconstruction of typical cases of AI-enabled research organizational models, this study analyzes the differences between the organizational management model of AI-empowered research and traditional research organizational models. Furthermore, it proposes three …

Understanding And Foresight On Construction Of Foundation Model Industry Innovation Ecosystem, Liu Liu, Chunhui Jia, Yangfan Han, Qiqi Zhang, Jialin Li, Dayuan Li, Junpu Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Foundation models are a key vehicle driving artificial intelligence toward general intelligence, and their industrialization urgently requires support from a systematic and collaborative innovation ecosystem. This study focuses on the construction of the foundation model industry innovation ecosystem. It first reviews the frontier progress and identifies its essence as a complex innovation network featuring the three-dimensional synergy of technological, organizational, and industrial architectures, and then analyzes the architecture along the upstream, midstream, and downstream of the industrial chain: the upstream supports computing power and data, the midstream undertakes algorithmic innovation and platform services, and the downstream realizes multi-scenario value transformation. …

Construction Trends And Addressing Strategy Of Global Carbon Value System In View Of Chinese Enterprise, Xu Shuangqing, Liang Sun, Jianfeng Guo

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The global carbon value system represents a new consensus on values formed over decades of collective human action to address climate change. Its framework has been preliminarily established, with three dimensions—institutions, norms, and industries—forming a multidimensional space for expansion. Through this framework, the carbon value system can extend its influence to every aspect of human activity. At its core, the carbon value system involves reassessing the value of human activities and establishing new constraints for sustainable development. Consequently, enterprises must transform their traditional development models. For Chinese enterprises, the emergence of the global carbon value system during their pursuit of …

Insights And Implications Of Ai For Science Strategies Of Major Science And Technology Powers, Zhang Zhiqiang, Yawei Shao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transitioning from a research aid to a scientific discovery agent. The new paradigm of “AI + Science” (AI for Science, AI4S) – the intelligent science paradigm (or the fifth paradigm of science) – characterized by the deep integration of artificial intelligence into the entire process of scientific discovery, is rapidly emerging and becoming a “new agent” for intelligent and autonomous execution of scientific discovery and technological invention as well as a key force in reshaping the human knowledge production system and the global landscape of technological competition. The intervention of AI in the field of knowledge …

Open Sharing And Collaborative Governance: Practices And Implications Of National Institutes Of Health’S Digital Transformation, Long Yuntao, Bingzhi Wang, Zheping Xu, Yang Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the rapid development of information technology, research projects and tasks of research institutes are increasing rapidly. Scientific and technological resources are the core and foundation of scientific research work, and scientific research institutes are faced with the needs of processing, management and coordination of a large number of scientific and technological resources. Digital transformation has become an inevitable choice for the high-quality development of scientific research institutes. The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), as the world’s top scientific research institute, has continuously introduced a number of initiatives in the field of digital transformation, such as institutional reform policies, …

"The First Web Novel At 30: The Collection And The Creative Process", Robert Arellano, Scott Rettberg

ELO (un)supervised 2026

Summer 2026 marks the 30th anniversary of Sunshine '69, recognized as the first novelistic hypertext fiction published on the web. While the full work remains accessible online—an "(un)supervised" preservation achievement in itself—the archive remains split between boxes and memory. This conversation between the work's creator and a major scholar in electronic literature documents both specific preservation challenges and systemic patterns in what the field chooses to preserve.

Topics include: figuring out web-born composition before established methodologies existed; the three decades of technical decisions that kept a 1996 work alive through format obsolescence and server migrations; and what gets lost …

Ni2-Imido Bispincer Platforms: Cooperative Reactivity Enabled Through Substrate Addition Across A Ni2n Unit, David De Los Santos, Kritika Gour, Manar M. Shoshani

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

Transition metal imido complexes are renowned for their capacity to undertake challenging 1,2 additions owing to the high basicity of the imido moiety. Access to transition metal imidos is often limited to the addition of organic azides to metal precursors, hindering the design of molecular constructs incorporating imido units. Bimetallic bispincer complexes, 1 and 2, are presented, which are anchored by a central imido moiety supported by pyridyl imine donors, forming highly planarized Ni2N-aryl cores. Complex 2, which also features a Ni─Ni σ-bond, is able to engage in cooperative substrate cleavage of main group hydrides via a formal 1,2 addition …

Provocable Forgiveness In Noisy Brand--Consumer Systems:An Agent-Based Study Of Repeated Interaction, Tahere Ahmadiyan, Hamidreza Navidi, Behbod Keshavarzi

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Repeated brand--consumer exchange is often treated as a managerial problem of loyalty, recovery, and trust. It can also be read as a small complex system: many local decisions about cooperation, retaliation, and forgiveness accumulate into market-level selection. This study uses that perspective to examine which relational rules survive when communication is imperfect. Eight canonical Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma strategies are translated into marketing archetypes and evaluated through round-robin tournaments, a six-level noise sweep, proportional-fitness ecological dynamics, and finite-population Moran invasion tests. The tournament leaderboard is calculated without same-strategy self-play, so that reported payoffs reflect inter-archetype competition rather than homogeneous self-coordination. At …

Biharmonic Curves In Warped Product Manifolds I ×FMN(C), Şaban Güvenç, Ci̇han Özgür

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We explore the geometric properties of biharmonic curves in warped product manifolds of the form I ×_f Mⁿ(c), where I is an open interval and Mⁿ(c) is a space of constant curvature. By establishing a main theorem, we analyze four distinct cases to reveal deeper curvature-related characteristics of these curves, including situations where they are slant. Finally, we construct three examples in I ×_f S²(1).

Generalized Submaximality And Paracompactness In Ideal Topological Spaces Via Δβ*-𝔍-Open Sets, Chawalit Boonpok, Areeyuth Sama-Ae

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This paper explores the notions of δβ^*-𝔍-submaximality and δβ^*-𝔍-paracompactness within ideal topological spaces, viewing them as natural generalizations of the traditional concepts of submaximality and paracompactness. These concepts arise naturally in the context of ideal topology, where an ideal 𝔍 on a topological space provides additional structure for analyzing topological properties. It focuses on the study of submaximal spaces by employing δβ^*-𝔍-open sets, which serve as fundamental building blocks for understanding the topological behavior in ideal spaces. Furthermore, the work provides multiple characterizations of δβ^*-𝔍-paracompact spaces and examines how this property behaves …

Notes On The Geometry Of Electromagnetic Fields And Maxwell’S Equations Along A Nonnull Curves In Nonflat-3d Space Forms MQ3(C), Fatma Almaz, Cumali̇ Eki̇ci̇

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, the directional derivatives in accordance with the orthonormal frame {T^→, N^→, B^→} are defined in M_q³(c), the extended Serret-Frenet relations by using Frenet formulas are expressed. Furthermore, we express the bending elastic energy function for the same particle in M_q³(c) according to curve γ(s, ξ, η) and we tried to interpret it from a geometric perspective of the energy for unit vector fields. Also, Maxwell’s equations are expressed for the electric and magnetic field vectors …

Llm-Enabled Open-Source Systems In The Wild: An Empirical Study Of Vulnerabilities In Github Security Advisories, Fariha Tanjim Shifat, Hariswar Baburaj, Ce Zhou, Jaydeb Sarker, Mia Mohammad Imran

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in open-source software (OSS) ecosystems, creating complex interactions among natural language prompts, probabilistic model outputs, and execution-capable components. However, it remains unclear whether traditional vulnerability disclosure frameworks adequately capture these model-mediated risks. To investigate this, we analyze 295 GitHub Security Advisories published between January 2025 and January 2026 that reference LLM-related components, and we manually annotate a sample of 100 advisories using the OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications 2025.We find no evidence of new implementation-level weakness classes specific to LLM systems. Most advisories map to established CWEs, particularly injection and deserialization weaknesses. …

“Innocent” Electrolytes Can Influence Organic Electrosynthetic Selectivity, Zachary A. Nguyen, Nhu H. Quach, Mayank Tanwar, Joshua A. Beeler, Kevin Mcfadden, Dylan G. Boucher, Matthew Neurock, Shelley D. Minteer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Organic electrosynthesis has emerged as a powerful strategy for leveraging electricity in organic synthesis. Despite its growing popularity, the fundamental molecular interactions governing electrochemical systems remain poorly understood. Many electrosynthetic reactions show strong dependence on the identity of the allegedly inert supporting electrolyte, which can significantly impact yields and selectivity, yet the physical origins of these effects are largely unexplored. A mechanistic understanding of electrolyte effects would enable more rational reaction design for applications. Here, we use cyclic voltammetry to investigate cobalt-based metal–carbon bond homolysis and elucidate how common supporting electrolytes influence reaction rates. Bulk electrolysis experiments further reveal how …

Together//Apart Explorations In Choreorobotic Performance Ontologies, Kate Sicchio, Patrick J. Martin

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This chapter presents a practice-as-research approach to developing an improvisational choreorobotic performance. Our performance process motivated the creation of new human–robot interaction and live choreography technologies. These technologies were tested during the performance and evaluated by the audience through feedback on their perceptions about the coexistence of humans and machines in a shared space. Examining these results through both autonomous robotics and performance studies ontologies, we formulated a new analytical process in which choreographic practice informs design and robots inform performance.

Improving Cancer Diagnosis And Patient Outcomes With Deep Learning Models, Mariana Arriz-Jorquiera

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Cancer care depends on timely and reliable decisions, from detection and diagnosis to treatment planning and patient monitoring. These decisions are often made under uncertainty because medical images and healthcare data may be noisy, incomplete, or difficult to interpret. In breast cancer imaging, ultrasound is widely used because it is safe, accessible, and complementary to other imaging modalities. However, variations in image quality, acquisition conditions, and noise can obscure lesion boundaries and texture, affecting human interpretation and artificial intelligence reliability. This dissertation develops deep learning, image-analysis, and optimization methods to improve healthcare decisions under imperfect information. Its primary focus is …

Volatility Spillovers Between Stock Prices And Exchange Rates: Insights For Risk Management And Investment Strategies: Evidence From China, India, And Pakistan Using Bekk-Garch Models, Samreen Fatima, Humera Sultana, Muhammad Najamuddin Dr., Saba Naz

The Indonesian Capital Market Review

This study investigates the dynamics of volatility and its spillover effects between the stock markets of China, India, and Pakistan, and their respective exchange rates (USD/CNY, USD/INR, and USD/ PKR). Volatility is modeled using the Symmetric and Asymmetric BEKK-GARCH (1,1) and DCCGARCH (1,1) models, based on daily return series covering the period from January 1, 2019, to January 31, 2025. The empirical results indicate that both the employed models are adequate for capturing the volatility dynamics. The findings reveal that the highest value of portfolio weights and hedging efficiency of KSE-100 Index–USD/PKR provide optimal portfolio allocation and highest hedging performance …

Deciphering The Potential Of Monopterus Albus Protein Hydrolysate As A Therapeutic Candidate Against Cervical Cancer By Integrating Content Analysis, Network Pharmacology, And Molecular Docking, Okid Parama Astirin, Widya Mega Rahmawati, Elisa Herawati, Tetri Widiyani, Lili Pandan Sari, Sherly Octaviana

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Cervical cancer has a high incidence rate in women, making the development of cancer drugs increasingly urgent. Asian swamp eel protein hydrolysate shows great promise as an anticancer candidate. This study aimed to reveal the potential of Asian swamp eel protein hydrolysate as an anticancer candidate in the cervix. Asian swamp eel protein hydrolysate was produced by hydrolyzing flesh with the enzyme alcalase. Compounds and peptides were identified using LC-HRMS. These compounds and peptides were analyzed using network pharmacology, gene ontology, and molecular docking. The results identified 153 endogenous compounds, including fatty acids and peptides. The key proteins targeted by …