Digital Commons Network^™

The Productivity Of Coastal Meadows In Finland, R. Nevalainen, A. Huuskonen, S. Jaakola, J. Kiljala, E. Joki-Tokola

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The coastal meadows of Finland have gained a new interest as a summer pasture for cattle. These habitats have great historical, aesthetic and biological value (Pessa & Anttila, 2000). Typical features of the coastal meadows are the varying vegetation zones and wet, sometimes waterlogged, soils. The meadows are important nesting and feeding habitats for many water birds. When grazing ceases, reeds, trees and shrubs take over and the area loses its openness. Lately the amount of grasslands and pastures has drastically declined all over Europe. In Finland, the area of semi-natural biotopes has decreased to 1% of what it had …

Grazing Animal Production Systems And Grazing Land Characteristics In A Semi-Arid Region Of Greece, I. Hadjigeorgiou, G. Economou, D. Lolis, N. Moustakas, G. Zervas

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Rough grazing in Greece cover about 40% of the total land area, is publicly owned and managed extensively (Hadjigeorgiou et al., 2002). The Prefecture of Larisa is in the centre of Greece, and has 212,000 ha of rough grazing land, with a variable topography ranging from sea level up to 3,000 m a.s.l. This area is utilized by a total population of 135,000 LU (mainly sheep, goats and some suckler cows), which consumes annually an appreciable fraction of their total nutrient requirements from rough grazing.

The Long Road To Developing Native Herbaceous Summer Forage Legume Ecotypes, James P. Muir, T. J. Butler, W. R. Ocumpaugh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Only a handful of well-adapted herbaceous summer forage legumes are currently marketed for drier regions of North America and even fewer are true natives. There is a growing demand for native germplasm in the region as a new generation of landowner attempts to return grasslands to a semblance of their original species and diversity. The objective of this paper is to describe preliminary research results of a grasslands team collecting, studying and promulgating native leguminous germplasm in Texas.

Inner Mongolian Herders Move Toward Sustainability And Elevate Their Incomes From Cashmere Goat Production By Reducing Grazing Pressure On Fragile Grasslands, B. P. Fritz, M. Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Overgrazing, mainly caused by Cashmere goats, is contributing to the desertification of West Erdos fragile grasslands resulting in the threat of extinction of several endangered wild plant species. This transition area between desert and grassland includes some 400,000 ha and some 72 unique, relic and endangered plant species. The area is home to 5,000 inhabitants, mainly subsistent goat farming families and coal mining activity. Industrial land use in the reserve adds additional economic pressure to herders operating on a shrinking land base. This phenomenon has elicited the entrenched, traditional response of producing more livestock thus jeopardizing current levels of production …

Cow-Calf Production On Perennial Pastures In The Central Semi-Arid Region Of Argentina, C. A. Frasinelli, K. Frigerio, J. Martínez Ferrer, J. H. Veneciano

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

In cow-calf production systems in San Luis, the annual crops are heavily used (eastern region) or the natural pastures are over-used (western region). Both cases constitute unsustainable systems. In the present study, the possibility of structuring an efficient and stable stockbreeding agroecosystem based exclusively on perennial summer grasses was tested. The objectives were: 1) to test a cow-calf production system based on perennial pastures: Digitaria (Digitaria eriantha Steudel subsp. eriantha cv Irene), without protein supplement during winter, and 2) to determine the physical and economical efficiency of the production system and sustainability of such indicators in the short-term (6 …

Snp Discovery And Haplotypic Variation In Full-Length Herbage Quality Genes Of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.), R. C. Ponting, M. C. Drayton, N. O. I. Cogan, G. C. Spangenberg, K. F. Smith, J. W. Forster

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The development of forages with enhanced nutritive value through improvements of herbage quality (digestibility, carbohydrate content) is potentially capable of increasing both meat and milk production by up to 25%. However, the expense and time-consuming nature of the relevant biochemical and biophysical assays has limited breeding improvement for forage quality. The development of accurate high-throughput molecular marker-based selection systems such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) permits evaluation of genetic variation and selection of favourable variants to accelerate the production of elite new varieties.

Effect Of Urea-Treated Pennisetum Pedicellatum And Supplementation Of Concentrates With Urea On Milk Production Of "Mossi" Ewes, V. M. C. Bougouma-Yameogo, A. J. Nianogo

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The "Mossi" sheep is a near parent of "Djallonke" sheep that live in sudano-sahelian area of Burkina Faso. However, there are few available results on dairy production from this breed. The treatment of straw with urea is a technique used in several developing countries to improve the nutritional value of gramineous forages (Sourabié et al., 1995). The aim of this study was to test the influence on the performance of "Mossi" ewes and on milk composition of treatment of Pennisetum pedicellatum (Pp) with urea in comparison with addition of urea to the concentrate feed.

Germplasm Collection And Dry Matter Production Of Mongolian Forage Plants, D. Tsogoo, Sh. Batsukh

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Mongolian rangelands harbour 564 genera, 128 families and 2,823 species of plants (Gubanov, 1996). Approximately 600 species can be used as forage plants (Yunatov, 1968). There are 5 to 6 species of perennial forage plants that are unique to Mongolia and the country has a domestic cultivar "Burgaltai" of lucerne. This paper provides the results of a study on vegetative and seed yield of germplasm collected from naturally occurring forage plants during 1976-2003. To date, seeds have been collected and are involved in the experimental work from approximately 70 percent of forage plants available at the forage plant …

Detection Of A Diverse Endophyte Assemblage Within Fungal Communities Associated With The Arundo Leaf Miner, Lasioptera Donacis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Marie-Claude Bon, John A. Goolsby, Guy Mercadier, Fatiha Guermache, Javid Kashef, Massimo Cristofaro, Ann T. Vacek, Alan Kirk

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The larvae of Lasioptera donacis Coutin feed on fungal communities lining galleries within the mesophyll of leaf sheaths of Arundo donax in an aggregative manner. It has been stated that L. donacis could have established a fundamental symbiotic relationship with one fungus, although the fungal composition of these communities remains unsettled. Using a culture-dependent approach and ITS sequencing, the present work characterizes and compares the fungal communities associated with L. donacis in Eurasia with the endophytes of A. donax in Texas where L. donacis is absent. The 65 cultivable isolates obtained from L. donacis fungal communities were sorted into 15 …

Activation Of Nrf2 Pathway By Natural Products, Genesis Schat, Madelyn Sedlachek

Liberty University Research Week

Undergraduate

Basic

Inhibiting Nitroso Related Methylation Of Guanine Using Dietary Supplements And Flavonoids, Elijah Gocotano, Hannah Klose

Liberty University Research Week

Undergraduate

Basic

The Feasibility Of Autoclave-Assisted Water Soluble Carbohydrate Extraction To Distinguish Annual Ryegrass Genotypes At The Seedling Stage, L. P. Passos, F. B. De Sousa, A. Mittelmann, M. C. Vidigal, I. G. Perry, L. O. Cruz, J. A. Magalhães

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) swards are being used increasingly in Southern Brazil as animal forage (Carvalho et al., 2001). As observed elsewhere, reduced forage availability and quality during dry or cold seasons often limits the efficacy of pasture utilisation. As reported by Meissner et al. (1992), this demands breeding efforts to improve forage nutritive value. However, lack of concurrent examination of large number of samples for important nutritional parameters, like water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) levels, which could lead to more precise selection strategies, is a common constraint of those programs. This study aimed to verify the suitability …

Variability And Correlations Of Some Investigated Traits Of Perennial Ryegrass Populations, D. Sokolovic, S. Ignjatovic, Z. Tomic

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is one of the most important perennial forage grasses for temperate climates. It is a highly productive grass with the highest nutritive value (Sokolovi et al., 2002). In Serbia, breeders have developed perennial ryegrass cultivars with high stabile yield and quality with different times of maturity and resistance to drought and frost. The initial breeding material were usually wild populations (Charmet et. al., 1996) with high variability and adaptability. These characteristics lend themselves for selection of superior genotypes. But breeding for some important agronomic traits may influence others. This relationship between traits …

Cattle Production From Native Pastures In The Semi-Humid Grasslands Of Uganda, S. Okello, Elly N. Sabiiti

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The cattle population of Uganda, estimated at 6 million, consists of more than 95% indigenous stock, raised on the semi-arid and semi-humid grasslands that make up 48% of the total land area and which supply over 85% of the marketed milk and meat. Native grassland pastures, which vary seasonal in quantity and quality due to rainfall and temperature variations, are the sole feed resource for cattle (Mbuza et al., 1992). This study examined the effects of seasonal herbage mass (HM), dietary crude protein (CP_d), detergent lignin (ADL_d) and digestibility (DiG) on body condition scores of …

The Seasonal Botanical Composition, Calcium And Phosphorus Content Of Kikuyu Oversown With Ryegrass And Clover, Philip R. Botha, Robin Meeske, Hennie A. Snyman

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum) is one of the major grasses used for summer and autumn grazing in the Southern Cape coast area of South Africa. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum spp.), perennial white (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) can be incorporated into an existing kikuyu stand to improve pasture quality and spring production. The aim of this study was to determine the persistence of these species and effects on the calcium and phosphorus content of kikuyu (K), kikuyu oversown with annual ryegrass (KR), kikuyu oversown with a mixture of perennial ryegrass (L. …

Variability In Quantity And Composition Of Water Soluble Carbohydrates Among Irish Accessions And European Varieties Of Perennial Ryegrass, S. Mcgrath, S. Barth, A. Frohlich, M. Francioso, S. A. Lamorte, T. R. Hodkinson

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The objective of this study was to identify perennial ryegrass accessions displaying high fructose and glucose contents and an improved ratio between fructose and glucose fractions across different time points throughout the year. Fructose and glucose are the main constituents of the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) fraction in perennial ryegrass. For animal nutrition the amount of WSC is crucial as it is the primary energy source available to metabolise the intake of plant protein. The ratio between fructose and glucose fractions is important since fructosan chains, which are an excellent energy source for ruminants, are built from fructose. Furthermore the …

Phenotype X Herbage Allowance Interactions In Reproduction Of First Calf Heifers Grazing Semiarid Rangeland, J. W. Holloway, B. G. Warrington, M. K. Owens

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Cattle are differentially adapted to nutritional environments. The most sensitive measure of adaptation is reproduction of first-calf heifers. We studied the role of maturation rate and milk production on reproductive performance of first-calf heifers allowed different levels of herbage in semiarid rangeland.

The Impact Of The Level Of Feed-On-Offer Available To Merino Ewes During Winter-Spring On The Wool Production Of Their Progeny As Adults, Chris Oldham, M. Ferguson, B. Paganoni, A. Thompson, G. Kearney, M. A. Van Burgel

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

New opportunities for developing optimum ewe management systems, based on achieving liveweight and body condition score (CS) targets at critical stages of the reproductive cycle, have emerged from the acceptance that nutrition during pregnancy can have substantial impacts on the lifetime wool performance of the progeny (Kelly et al,. 1996). However, most studies of the impacts of nutrition on foetal growth and development tended to focus on late pregnancy and have also only considered extreme nutritional regimes often outside the boundaries of commercial reality. Hence, the Lifetime Wool team (Thompson & Oldham, 2004) conducted dose-response experiments to determine the …

Effects Of Forage Chicory (Cichorium Intybus) On Farmed Deer Growth And Internal Parasitism, S. O. Hoskin, P. R. Wilson, W. E. Pomroy, T. N. Barry

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Internal parasitism (particularly lungworm - Dictyocaulus sp) significantly limits post-weaning growth of deer. Endoparasite control using anthelmintics may be unsustainable, due to the increasing risk of anthelmintic resistance and the risk or perception of chemical residues in animal products. Chicory has a high feeding value and contains sesquiterpene lactones and low levels of condensed tannins, both with anti-parasitic activity (Molan et al., 2003). Grazing chicory during autumn may reduce the requirement for anthelmintic treatment of young deer compared with grazing ryegrass-based pasture (Hoskin et al., 1999). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of withholding …

Science Club, Danielle Gibson, Krista Andersen

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

Honors After School program for elementary age children to engage with scientific principles. Students performed hands-on experiments to explore various STEM fields. Each weekly lesson consisted of a different concept to be learned or explored by early elementary aged students.

The Compound Risk Of Heat And Covid-19 In New York City: Riskscapes, Physical And Social Factors, And Interventions, Janelle Knox-Hayes, Juan Camilo Osorio, Natasha Stamler, Maria Dombrov, Rose Winer, Mary Hannah Smith, Reginald Blake, Cynthia Rosenzweig

Publications and Research

Climate change is disrupting the fundamental conditions of human life and exacerbating existing inequity by placing further burdens on communities that are already vulnerable. Risk exposure varies by where people live and work. In this article, we examine the spatial overlap of the compound risks of COVID-19 and extreme heat in New York City. We assess the relationship between socio-demographic and natural, built and social environmental characteristics, and the spatial correspondence of COVID-19 daily case rates across three pandemic waves. We use these data to create a compound risk index combining heat, COVID-19, density and social vulnerability. Our findings demonstrate …

Haptic Systems: Trends And Lessons Learned For Haptics In Spacesuits, Mohammad Amin Kuhail, Jose Berengueres, Fatma Taher, Mariam Alkuwaiti, Sana Z. Khan

All Works

Haptic technology uses forces, vibrations, and movements to simulate a sense of touch. In the context of spacesuits, proposals to use haptic systems are scant despite evidence of their efficacy in other domains. Existing review studies have sought to summarize existing haptic system applications. Despite their contributions to the body of knowledge, existing studies have not assessed the applicability of existing haptic systems in spacesuit design to meet contemporary challenges. This study asks, “What can we learn from existing haptic technologies to create spacesuits?”. As such, we examine academic and commercial haptic systems to address this issue and draw insights …

Air Temperature And Diet Are Not Associated With Oxygen Consumption Rate In Banded Crickets, Gryllodes Sigillatus, Nicole Bailey, Connor Oakes, Rachel Sleeth, Mallorie Smith

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

All living organisms acclimate to their environments, with ectothermic species particularly susceptible to environmental change, specifically temperature. Ectothermic insects like crickets directly alter their physiological processes depending on the environment in which they live. Temperature is vital in regulating processes such as metabolism, respiration, and reproduction, among other things. What remains unclear is how a change in the environment, specifically extreme temperature change and dietary alterations, affects physiological processes. In this study, we performed experiments on ectothermic banded crickets to examine the effects of temperature change and the interaction of temperature and diet on oxygen consumption. For both experiments, we …

Higher Education Students’ Perceptions Of Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Abby O’Bryant

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This article focuses on the impacts of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on students at the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo. Using survey data (n = 64) and semistructured interviews with currently enrolled students (n = 17), key impacts of online learning on the student body were analyzed. The respondents reported disengagement in lectures, negative impacts on their mental and physical health, negative thoughts about dropping out and transferring, apprehension about the quality of course content, and dissatisfaction with tuition. The paper utilizes qualitative data analysis to report the findings.

The Effects Of Covid-19-Induced Stress, Anxiety, And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Increases in the prevalence of disordered eating patterns have been linked to distress and poor mental well-being. Additionally, COVID-19 has been linked to both depressive and anxious symptomatology, along with increased feelings of distress (Fitzpatrick et al., 2020). Because disordered eating is particularly prevalent among college-age women, this study sought to determine how depression, anxiety, and stress affect eating behaviors of college women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred seventy-nine women, aged 18–24, at Butler University gave informed consent before completing a questionnaire pertaining to their demographics, their stress surrounding COVID, and their weight change since March …

Soil Nutrient And Invertase-Producing Bacteria Relation Impact On Cilembu Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Growth: A Study Based On Upland And Wetland Cultivation In Cilembu Village Sumedang District, Eso Solihin, Syaiful Anwar, Dwi Andreas Santoso, Budi Nugroho, Purwono, Rija Sudirja, Haris Maulana, Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin, Agung Karuniawan

Jurnal Kultivasi

Environment is one important factors that must be considered in supporting sweet potato productivity. Environmental factors can be biotic and abiotic, including the availability of nutrients and microbes in the soil. This study aimed to identify the nutrient content of the soil in paddy fields and dry fields, identify the total invertase microorganisms in paddy fields and dry fields, and identify the relationship between soil nutrients and microorganisms during the growth of Cilembu sweet potato in dry and paddy fields agroecosystems. This research was conducted on dry fields and paddy fields in Cilembu Village, Sumedang Regency. The experimental design used …

Mitigation Of Radiation-Induced Gastrointestinal-Toxicity Using Probiotics, Meghana Acharya, Venkidesh B. S, Thokur Sreepathy Murali, Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar

Manipal Research Colloquium - 2023

Manipal Research Colloquium- 2023 aims to bring students, scholars, and scientists to this forum where discussion on a diverse range of topics from various streams (Health Sciences, Technical Sciences, Basic & Applied Sciences, Humanities & Social Sciences, and Management Sciences) will be taking place.

Standardisation Of Sampling Approaches For Diagnosis Of Malnutrition In Children Using Multi-Modal Spectroscopy System –A Pilot Study, Varalakshmi S. D, K S. Choudhari, Leslie Edward Lewis, Unnikrishnan V. K

Manipal Research Colloquium - 2023

Manipal Research Colloquium- 2023 aims to bring students, scholars, and scientists to this forum where discussion on a diverse range of topics from various streams (Health Sciences, Technical Sciences, Basic & Applied Sciences, Humanities & Social Sciences, and Management Sciences) will be taking place.

Metabolite Fingerprinting Of Bacopa Monnieri (L.) Pennell Grown In Hydroponic System, Devija Shetty N, Chigateri M. Vinay, Padmalatha S. Rai

Manipal Research Colloquium - 2023

Manipal Research Colloquium- 2023 aims to bring students, scholars, and scientists to this forum where discussion on a diverse range of topics from various streams (Health Sciences, Technical Sciences, Basic & Applied Sciences, Humanities & Social Sciences, and Management Sciences) will be taking place.

Microclimate Variability Between Coop Weather Station And Proposed Site For Relocation, Ashley Butikofer

Student Research Symposium

The Utah Climate Center has contributed to the Cooperative Observer Program associated with the National Weather Service since 1893. This consistent 130-year climate record of precipitation and temperature is important for studying the changing climate in Logan as well as contributing to a national network of weather data used to verify weather forecasting models. The COOP station is currently located to the Northeast of the Nutrition and Food Science building on USU’s campus. In recent years, there has been concern of bias in the data due to the proximity of the station to highly impervious surfaces including campus buildings, parking …