Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A Chip-Scale Optical Gyroscope With Weak Measurement Amplification Readout, Kagan Yanik, Meiting Song, Yuhan Mei, Jaime Cardenas, Andrew N. Jordan

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We establish the theoretical framework and investigate the fundamental limits for an integrated optical chip design containing a rotation sensing ring resonator coupled to an inverse weak value amplified Sagnac interferometer that amplifies the signal with phase information. We achieve, for conservative parameter choices, a minimum detectable angular rotation rate of ∼0.1 °/hr and an Allan deviation of∼0.08 °/hr assuming shot noise limited performance. For matched detected optical power, our design can improve the signal-to-noise ratio, reduce the minimum detectable angular rotation rate, and Allan deviation by more than ten times compared to an ideal standard Sagnac interferometer with balanced …

Studying Electromagnetic Wave Scattering From Small Dielectric Particles Using Neural Networks, Bryan Taylan, Patrick Corzo, Chris Velissaris, Theodoros Panagiotakopoulos

Undergraduate Scholarship and Creative Works

Physics-informed neural networks solve the Helmholtz equation without labeled data, but a low residual alone does not confirm that a solution preserves the physical distinction a downstream task depends on. We trained a four-layer SIREN with physics-based residuals, a Sommerfeld condition, Adam, and L-BFGS, modeling a Gaussian source and a plane wave scattering from a small dielectric inclusion. Fine-tuning from four base models produced 600 complex fields spanning omega = 4 to 20. A compact CNN, three ResNet-18 variants, and a frozen OpenCLIP encoder classified these fields under five random seeds. The CNN achieved (95.65 +/- 0.77)% accuracy, outperforming OpenCLIP …

Learning-Based Entanglement Generation For Quantum Routing, Tasdiqul Islam, Rasman Mubtasim Swargo, Md Arifuzzaman

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Entanglement generation in long-distance quantum networks is challenging because resources are limited and entanglement swapping is probabilistic. To maximize the rate of successful requests, existing quantum routing algorithms often rely on computationally expensive methods such as Integer Linear Programming (ILP) to determine which links to entangle and use for end-To-end entanglement generation. However, these approaches fail to meet the latency requirements of real-world quantum networks. In this study, we propose a Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based model that determines which links to entangle in each time slot, replacing the slow ILP-based link-selection phase used in prior algorithms. The proposed Deep Q-learning model …

Health-Related Quality-Of-Life Profiles In Adults With Tinnitus, Preeti Pandey, Hansapani Rodrigo, Megan Kruger, Eldré W. Beukes, De Wet Swanepoel, Anu Sharma, Gerhard Andersson, Vinaya Manchaiah

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Purpose: The study aimed to characterize the multidimensional burden of tinnitus on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) moving beyond symptom severity alone.

Method: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data (N = 428, Mage = 54.9 years, 51.9% female) from several clinical trials examining the efficacy of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for tinnitus. Data were collected using a series of online questionnaires including demographic, audiological, and clinical variables. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L profile dimensions.

Results: Participants primarily reported no problems with mobility (76.6%), …

Fast Discovery Of Motivic Patterns In Symbolic Music Via Lossy Compression, Adam James Wilson

Publications and Research

Generative systems that react to live musicians require rapid analysis of musical data, which rules out deep learning models: they cannot be trained within the time constraints of live performance. But because analysis results are often transformed before use, we are free to reduce the parameters that undergo transformation to a small set of primitive states. We address this coincidence of constraint and opportunity with an algorithm for online discovery of maximal musical motives that achieves speed through lossy compression: the pitch and inter-onset-interval deltas for all pairs of events in a potential motive are reduced to two-bit values, conceptualized …

Microwave Thermal Pre-Treatment To Improve Nickel Extraction From Lateritic Ore, Johana Borda, Daniel Sosa, Robinson Torres

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Two heat treatment processes for a nickeliferous laterite sample are presented, one by the conventional muffle route and the other by microwave. The heating was carried out in order to improve the dissolution of nickel in an acid medium. The study describes the changes observed in the mineral for the increase in temperature as a consequence of radiation in the microwave and in the muffle. The changes in the mineral crystalline phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The leaching media consisted of a 1 M sulfuric acid solution at ambient conditions for 7 h. The interaction between the reagent and …

On The Existence, Uniqueness And Stability Of Solutions Of Sdes With State-Dependent Variable Exponent, Mustafa Avci

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

We study a time-inhomogeneous nonlinear SDE with drift and diffusion governed by state-dependent variable exponents. This framework generalizes models like the geometric Brownian motion (GBM) and the constant elasticity of variance (CEV), offering flexibility to capture complex dynamics while posing analytical challenges. Using a fixed-point approach, we prove existence and uniqueness, analyze higher-order moments, derive asymptotic estimates, and assess stability. Finally, we illustrate an application where Poisson’s equation admits a probabilistic representation via a timehomogeneous nonlinear SDE with state-dependent variable exponents.

Companion Matrices Associated To Stochastic Matrices, Andreas Boukas, Philip Feinsilver

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

Starting with a stochastic matrix, we study the behavior of powers of an associated companion matrix, which has the same characteristic polynomial as the original matrix. In general the companion matrix will have negative entries while maintaining rowsums equal to 1. We will find the growth rate even if the Ces`aro limit of the sums of the companion matrix diverge. Surprisingly, in the irreducible aperiodic case the powers of the companion matrix will converge even though the norm of the matrix exceeds 1 and it has possibly negative entries.

Z+-Valued Additive Processes In Law With Nonnegative Increments, Nadjib Bouzar

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

The goal of this article is to study in depth the subclass of Z+- valued additive processes in law with nonnegative increments. We establish key distributional properties of these processes and obtain some existence results under a variety of conditions. We show that they form a subclass of the family of inhomogeneous Markov chains with spatial homogeneity. We extend the notion of factoring introduced by Sato (2004, [9]) for Rd-valued additive processes in law to their Z+-valued counterparts with nonnegative increments. We give a sufficient condition for the existence of a factoring for these processes. Lastly, we obtain their representation …

Motivating Second-Order Differential Equation Models Beyond The Spring–Mass System, Katherine E. Rutherford, John C. Borger

CODEE Journal

Students in introductory differential equations courses often learn to associate specific equation types with familiar physical systems. While this approach supports procedural fluency, it can inhibit transfer learning: students recognize familiar forms rather than construct models from first principles. This paper presents a modeling-first instructional approach designed to help students recognize the shared structure of second-order differential equations across diverse contexts. Students derive governing equations from fundamental physical laws for multiple systems, including an Inductor, Resistor, and Capacitor (LRC) electrical circuit, a simple pendulum, and viscous pipe flow. Through guided comparison, students identify common components such as inertia, damping, restoring …

A Multiwavelength Study Of A Long-Duration Very-High-Energy Flare From Bl Lacertae With Veritas, Avery Archer, Et Al.

Physics & Astronomy Faculty publications

We report the first observations of a long-duration very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) flare from BL Lacertae (VER J2202+422), taken with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). On 2022 October 15, the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) detected elevated GeV activity originating from this blazar. This triggered a multiwavelength campaign, which includes observations from VERITAS, Swift, NuSTAR, and select optical and radio observatories. VERITAS observed the source for a total of ∼9.8 hr between 2022 September 1 and 2022 December 1. An analysis of these data yields a ∼28σ detection of the source. While previously observed VHE …

Variability In Nutrient And Carbon Cycling Of Constructed Marshes, Alyssa Leclaire, Jenny Davis, Molly Bost, David De La Garza

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Salt marshes provide valuable ecosystem services, including filtering nutrients and trapping sediments from the water column, but are increasingly threatened by sea-level rise and coastal development. Constructed marshes offer a potential pathway to offsetting marsh loss, but the extent to which they can replace the ecosystem services provided by mature natural marshes is not well understood. Using a chronosequence of constructed marshes (1, 21, and 44 years old) and a natural reference marsh (>100y old) in Beaufort, NC, we assessed the development of plant communities, sediment characteristics, and nutrient and carbon cycling over time. We compared aboveground biomass, surface …

Geographical Pattern Analysis Of Gis Images With Deep Learning And Voronoi Network, Nidaa Kareem, Tawfiq A. Al-Assadi

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

Localization is not enough for the analysis of spatial patterns; a principled geometric and statistical framework is required. This paper proposes an integrated spatial intelligence system combining deep learning, computational geometry, and spatial statistics, which is a unified and interpretable system. It is based on segmentation localization that accurately localizes the centroid of each object without the disadvantages of the bounding box. These centroids form a natural Voronoi tessellation of regions of spatial influence intrinsic to the data instead of imposing any artificial restrictions. A geometry-based density formulation is used to improve representation, which includes Voronoi cell areas and neighborhood …

Epistemic Resilience In Ai-Driven Innovation, James C. Ryan, Massimiliano Cappuccio, Effrosyni Georgiadou, Alessandro Lanteri

All Works

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an integral component of innovation infrastructure, facilitating information retrieval, knowledge recombination, and decision support. While these applications accelerate innovation cycles, they simultaneously obscure evidential provenance, compromise output reliability, and diffuse accountability when algorithmic insights fail. To address these vulnerabilities, this paper introduces the concept of epistemic resilience, defined as an organizational and ecosystem capability to preserve, adapt, and restore trustworthy knowledge processes amid technological disruption, uncertainty, and epistemic risk. Synthesizing literature across innovation management, organizational learning, knowledge management, social epistemology, research integrity, and human–AI collaboration, this study conceptualizes AI-driven innovation as a sociotechnical knowledge process …

2026 Report On The State Of Great Salt Lake Social Science, Creed Jones, Avyrlie Smith, Shae Barber, Stacia Ryder, Mufti Nadimul Quamar Ahmed, Georgie Corkery, Jennifer Givens, Anna Mcentire, Carla Trentelman, Jessica Ulrich-Schad, Kirsten Vinyeta, Bryn Watkins

Publications

Great Salt Lake (GSL) faces rapid decline that presents more than just a hydrological risk; it poses an existential social hazard. As water levels decline, ecosystems, economies, cultures, and societies face irreversible harm. Since the lake reached its lowest levels in 2022, this issue has specifically gained increased attention in Utah and beyond. Given both the degree to which human consumption contributes to the problem, and the potential risks that the drying of the lake poses for community health, social science research is a crucial for informing successful water management policies and mitigating impacts. The purpose of this report is …

Agentic Ai For Autonomous Marketing: Taxonomy, Benchmark, And An Open-Source Agent, Prashidda Thapa, Shraddha Khadka, Pragyan Sharma, Ana Rai

Student Publications

Marketing automation is moving beyond rule-based systems and prompt-driven generative tools toward agentic AI: large language model (LLM) based agents that plan, act, and adapt under high-level objectives. Existing analyses are largely conceptual and commercial platforms are proprietary, leaving the community without reproducible baselines. We contribute three artifacts. First, a compact taxonomy organized around an augmentation–automation-autonomization continuum and a Perceive–Reason–Act(PRA)cycle that distinguishes autonomous agents from rule-based automation. Second, MarketingAgent, an open-source ReAct agent with six tools spanning SQL access, RFM segmentation, XGBoost churn prediction, campaign and email generation, and budget allocation. Third, the Marketing Agent Benchmark (MAB), a 15-task suite …

Do Ensemble Models Always Win? A Comparative Machine Learning Evaluation For Financial Time-Series Prediction, Shraddha Khadka, Prashidda Thapa, Pragyan Sharma, Shreya Silwal

Student Publications

Equal-weighted ensembling is often treated as a default upgrade over individual machine learning models. We test this assumption on one-day-ahead stock-price prediction across five sector diversified U.S. assets (2015–2024) by comparing Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and their equal-weighted average under identical features, preprocessing, and chronological splits. Pooled across assets, LSTM attains the lowest test-set RMSE (17.70), SVR is statistically tied with LSTM under the Diebold and Mariano test (𝑝 = 0.494), the equal-weighted ensemble is third (18.13), and RF is last (20.33); SVR beats the ensemble at 𝑝 = 0.001 (Bonferroni-significant) while LSTMbeats …

Allochthonous Particulate Organic Carbon In Blue Carbon Ecosystems: Implications For Accounting, Stability, And Policy, Anirban Akhand, Inés Mazarrasa, Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett, K. M.G. Mostofa, Abhra Chanda, Hongbin Liu, Hiroshi Sakugawa, Si Liang Li, Cong Qiang Liu, Catherine E. Lovelock, Paul Lavery, Hilary Kennedy, Peter I. Macreadie

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) store a significant amount of organic carbon (OC) in their soils, including OC sequestered by other ecosystems and transported into these ecosystems, referred to as allochthonous OC. This study reviews the state-of-the-art knowledge on the abundance and sources (including still unexplored ones) of allochthonous particulate organic carbon (POC) and reviews the ways allochthonous POC is managed under the current blue carbon policy frameworks for carbon benefits accounting in blue carbon restoration and conservation projects. Based on a review of 102 studies, we find that 56 ± 25% of the soil organic carbon (SOC) deposits in BCEs …

Waste Streams From Next Generation Molten Salt Reactors: The Challenge Of Creating An Insoluble Ceramic For Chloride Salt Waste, Alevtina A. Maksimova, Jake W. Amoroso, Matthew Page, Gregory Morrison, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

Molten salt reactors (MSRs) design development is of interest to many research groups and companies. Waste management for MSRs is one of the most important issues that needs to be resolved due to its impact on environmental safety, primarily via the dissolution of radionuclides in water. Furthermore, the waste treatment strategy will have a significant influence on the operating cost of MSRs, which is why a reliable process for the immobilization, transportation, storage and disposal of MSR waste must be addressed. This work presents a new approach for the immobilization of chloride salts from molten salt reactors in stable oxyhalide …

Enhancing Programming Productivity For Individuals With Adhd Through Generative Artificial Intelligence: An Inductive Analysis, Lionel Mew

School of Professional and Continuing Studies Faculty Publications

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts computer programmers through challenges in sustained attention, executive functioning, and organizational skills. While traditional intervention strategies have shown varying degrees of success, the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) presents novel opportunities to address ADHD-related programming challenges. This paper presents an inductive analysis synthesizing current research on ADHD's effects on programming, traditional productivity enhancement techniques, and the potential of generative AI tools. Through examination of recent literature and field studies, we propose that generative AI can serve as a transformative intervention by providing personalized cognitive support, reducing executive function demands, and enhancing code generation efficiency. …

Generalized Spectral Bound For Quasi-Twisted Codes, Buket Özkaya

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Minimum distance bounds play a central role in the analysis of algebraic codes. For cyclic and constacyclic codes, several bounds based on their zero set have been developed. However, analogous results for quasi-twisted (QT) codes are comparatively limited. In this paper, we further investigate the spectral theory of QT codes and derive a general spectral bound on their minimum distance. Our bound unifies and generalizes previously known spectral bounds for quasi-cyclic (QC) and QT codes, and contains them as special cases. We present a new proof technique and show that the bound can be formulated with respect to an arbitrary …

A Novel Iterative Algorithm For Approximating Common Fixed Points Of Generalized Α-Nonexpansive Multivalued Mappings In Kohlenbach Hyperbolic Spaces, Makbule Kaplan Özekes

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we propose a new iterative scheme involving three multivalued mappings in Kohlenbach hyperbolic spaces. Strong and ∆-convergence theorems are established for approximating common fixed points of nonexpansive multivalued mappings under suitable conditions. A numerical example is also presented to illustrate the efficiency and faster convergence of the proposed method. The results obtained extend and unify several related contributions in the existing literature.

On Families Of Finsler Metrics, İsmai̇l Sağlam, Ken'ichi Ohshika, Athanase Papadopoulos

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we answer some natural questions concerning symmetrisation and more general combinations of Finsler metrics, with a view to applications to Funk and Hilbert geometries and metrics on Teichmüller spaces. The metrics on Teichmüller space that we consider are the Thurston metric and the earthquake metric, both introduced by Thurston. The first metric has been thoroughly studied over the last couple of decades, and the second over the last few years. The Funk metric and its symmetrisation, the Hilbert metric, are classical metrics that have been investigated in the contexts of hyperbolic geometry and geometric function theory and, …

On The Monoid Of Partial Order-Preserving Transformations Of A Finite Chain Whose Domains And Ranges Are Intervals, Hayrullah Ayik, Vítor H. Fernandes, Emrah H. Korkmaz

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this paper, we consider the monoid PIO_n of all partial order-preserving transformations on a chain with n elements whose domains and ranges are intervals, along with its submonoid PIO_n⁻ of order-decreasing transformations. Our main aim is to give presentations for PIO_n⁻ and PIO_n. Moreover, for both monoids, we describe regular elements and determine their ranks, cardinalities and the numbers of idempotents and nilpotents.

On The Generalized Cesàro Sequence Spaces And Some Of Their Properties, Uğur Gönüllü, Faruk Polat, Martin Richard Weber

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Let C_t = (c_nm)_n,m∈ℕ denote the generalized Cesàro matrix defined by c_nm = t^n−m/n for m ≤ n and t ∈ [0, 1], and c_nm = 0 otherwise. For each q ∈ [1, ∞), the associated generalized Cesàro sequence spaces ces_q^t are introduced. These spaces form Banach lattices under the coordinatewise order, equipped with a naturally defined order continuous norm. We prove that ces_q^t = ces_q⁰ for all t ∈ [0, 1) and q ∈ [1, ∞), implying that the space …

A Note On The Periodic Orbits Of Wolbachia Spread Dynamics In Mosquito Populations In Periodic Environments, Jose S. Cánovas

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We consider the periodic model introduced by B. Zheng and J. Yu, and disprove the conjectures on the number of periodic orbits the model can have. We rebuild the conjecture to prove that for periodic sequences of maps of any period, the number of nonzero periodic trajectories is bounded by two.

Characterizations Of Bi-Riordan Arrays, Nai̇m Tuğlu, Fatma Yeşi̇l Baran

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this study, we introduce the concept of a bi-Riordan array. As part of this construction, we define new composition and power operations. We then establish an analogue of the well-known fundamental theorem of Riordan arrays (FTRA), which we call the fundamental theorem of bi-Riordan arrays. Next, we show that the product of two bi-Riordan matrices is again a bi-Riordan matrix. Using this product structure, we prove that the set of bi-Riordan matrices forms a monoid.

Exponential Stability For A Strongly Damped Wave Equation With Distributed Internal Delay, Manal Alotaibi, Nasser-Eddine Tatar, Waled Al-Khulaif

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This paper investigates the exponential stability of a strongly damped wave equation subject to an internal distributed time delay. Two distinct analytical frameworks are developed: the first employs a modified energy method based on auxiliary functionals, while the second introduces a transformation that rewrites the delay term as the derivative of a convolution integral. Both approaches yield explicit decay conditions and establish exponential convergence of the energy under weaker assumptions on the damping coefficient and the delay kernel. Notably, the transformation method allows for a wider class of admissible delay weights than those permitted by classical techniques. Numerical simulations based …

Clairaut Conformal Submersions From Ricci Solitons, Murat Polat

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this study, we investigate Clairaut conformal submersions in the context of total manifolds that support a Ricci soliton structure. We begin by deriving the scalar curvature and Ricci tensor expressions associated with these manifolds, and we establish criteria under which the fibres can be characterized as almost Ricci solitons or Einstein manifolds. Additionally, we identify the conditions required for the base manifold to admit Ricci soliton and Einstein structures. We also determine the necessary conditions for a vector field ζ to be conformal or Killing. Moreover, we demonstrate that when the potential vector field of the Ricci soliton is …

A Delayed Siamr Prostate Cancer Model With Vertical Transmission And Treatment: Stability Analysis And Numerical Simulation, Hüseyi̇n Demir, İnci̇ Çi̇li̇ngi̇r Süngü, İbrahi̇m Keles

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

​In this paper, we propose and analyse a delayed-compartmental mathematical model of prostate cancer dynamics that incorporates vertical transmission and therapeutic intervention. The population is stratified into five compartments: susceptible (S), infected/virally activated (I), asymptomatic infectious under treatment (A), malignant untreated (M), and recovered (R). A discrete time delay τ > 0 is introduced in the force-of-infection term to model the age-dependent onset of susceptibility in middle-aged adult males. Vertical transmission of viral etiology at a rate qΛ ensures that a fraction of newborns enter the infected compartment directly, rendering the disease persistent regardless of the basic reproduction number R₀. We …