Digital Commons Network^™

Frightening Methods And Devices/Stimuli To Prevent Mammal Damage-- A Review, Ann E. Koehler, Rex E. Marsh, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Various frightening stimuli, primarily visual and acoustic, have been used to prevent or alleviate damage by depredating mammals (e.g., deer (Odocoileus spp.), raccoons (Procyon lotor), tree squirrels (Sciurus spp.), coyotes (Canis latrans). Frightening methods are most appropriate for use where a crop or situation needs protection from pest mammals for only a period of a few days or weeks. The ability of animals to habituate to such stimuli limits their long-term usefulness. Against nocturnal species, various types of lights and noisemakers are the most useful. Combining acoustic and visual stimuli can enhance effectiveness, while …

Communal Starling Roosts: Implications For Control, Donald F. Caccamise

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Roosting behavior is common to most avian pests of agriculture. Movements from highly aggregated distributions in roosts to highly dispersed distributions on foraging grounds determine pattern and severity of avian pest problems. This research seeks an understanding of how roosting behavior influences the dispersion of avian agricultural pests and the damage they cause. My focus is on why birds form communal roosts and how communal roosting influences the selection of foraging sites. I document patterns of roosting behavior in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) through population level studies, followed by analysis of individual behavior using radio telemetry. Starlings maintain …

Planning Rodent Control For Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project, Bruce A. Colvin, A. Daniel Ashton, Wellard G. Mccartney, William B. Jackson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

A comprehensive rodent control program is being planned for a $4.4 billion highway-construction project in Boston, MA This IPM program will include broad participation by project personnel, city and state agencies, and community groups. Surveys, public education, and sanitation improvements will begin more than a year before construction; baiting will begin approximately 3 months before construction. All control activities will be maintained until construction is complete. Mitigation of community impacts during construction projects is a growing concern, and improved approaches to construction-related rodent control are needed.

Differential Toxicity And Taste Aversion To Strychnine Of Three Subspecies Of The California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus Beecheyi), Walter E. Howard, Stephen D. Palmateer, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Three subspecies of the California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi) were studied. In the first test of Experiment 1, Beechey (S. b. beecheyi), Douglas (S. b. douglasii), and, for comparative purposes, Sierra (S. b. sierrae) ground squirrels were each offered a drinking tube containing one of three H₂0 solutions of strychnine sulfate (0.01, 0.05, or 0.5%) after being deprived of water for 23 hr. In Test 2 the survivors of Test 1 were offered for 24 hr a free choice of distilled water and two of the above concentrations of strychnine …

The Use Of Rainfall Patterns In Predicting Population Densities Of Multimammate Rats, Mastomys Natalensis, H. Leirs, R. Verhagen, W. Verheyen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

During 3 years we studied a population of multimammate rats, Mastomys natalensis (Smith 1834), in Morogoro, Tanzania. Data were collected in both removal and capture-recapture schemes. We present evidence that patterns of growth and reproduction were related to onset and abundance of rains. This partially explains differences in densities. Additionally, we investigated available literature data and related them with climatological data. A scenario is presented which enables us to predict how densities of multimammate rats may evolve in the following year and whether there will be a risk of outbreaks. The use and implications of this scenario in planning control …

Assessment Of Bird Damage To Early-Ripening Blueberries In Florida, Curtis O. Nelms, Michael L. Avery, David G. Decker

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Bird damage to early-ripening Florida blueberries was estimated to be approximately 17% in 1988 (2 sites) and ranged from 17% to 75% in 1989 (3 sites) when a late winter freeze severely reduced expected yield. Monetary loss due to bird damage in 1989 may have exceeded $4500/ac at one site. In Florida, birds appear to have a significant impact on the early season fresh market blueberry industry. The problem is likely to worsen as the planting of high-value, early-ripening varieties spreads to other parts of the state and ripening times overlap with wintering frugivorous birds.

Registration Status Of Vertebrate Pesticides With Emphasis On 1080 And Strychnine, Steve D. Palmateer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

A review of currently registered vertebrate pesticides is reported with by far the major weight given to strychnine and 1080. The author searched the Agency's label files and has listed most of those pesticides that have claims against at least one vertebrate animal.

Rancher Use Of Livestock Protection Collars In Texas, Murray T. Walton

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

With U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's approval of certification and training of sodium monofluoroacetate (Compound 1080) Livestock Protection Collar applicators by the Texas Department of Agriculture in April 1988, use of collars by ranchers was made possible. This paper presents data from 1988 and 1989 on use of Livestock Protection Collars to protect domestic sheep and goats subject to coyote (Canis latrans) predation. Information concerning coyote puncture of collars, loss of collars to other factors, and targeting strategies used by ranchers are discussed. Success of collar use is compared to other predator control methods used by ranchers.

Table Of Contents Volume One, Number Two, Spring 1990, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Table of contents for the journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673).

Call For Papers, Nominations To Editorial Advisory Board, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Call for papers and nominations to the editorial board from the second issue of the now the discontinued journal Risk.

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 19, Mar. 1990, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

The Development Of A Policy For The Management Of Dingo Populations In South Australia, R. J. Downward, J. E. Bromell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Competing concerns between conservation and sheep-growing interests in South Australia over problems associated with the naturalized dog,Canis familiaris dingo, prompted the development of a policy for the management of this subspecies. The background to the development of this policy is outlined. The policy provides for a compromise between the need to protect the livestock industry while ensuring the continued survival of the dingo as a wildlife species.

The Probe, Issue 100 - March/April 1990

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
Conference Proceedings
APHIS Activity Report
Reading Material
Meetings
Treasury Report
Letters to the Editor
ADC Tips and Tools
ADC-Related News from Around the World
New Products
Editorial
Officers and Board

Survival Of Trout Strains As Affected By Limnological Parameters, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Timothy Modde, Chris Luecke, Cheryl Courtney

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. (ca. 80 mm S.L.) stocked into mid-elevation reservoirs in Utah are vulnerable to predation from piscivorous fish and birds. I determined how effectively juvenile trout used cover to avoid these predators by using direct observations (snorkel transects) on habitat selection in two reservoirs. Observations of juvenile trout were conducted within five weeks of stocking in 1988 and 1989. During the day juvenile trout were abundant in complex inshore habitats. Juvenile trout actively fed during the day but the time of peak feeding was variable. Large Daphnia made of > 95% of the diet of juvenile trout. …

Alfalfa Producers: Do You Really Know How Good Your Alfalfa Is? Forage Analysis: Importance And Interpretation, Jimmy C. Henning

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

Forages make up over 75% of the diet of all cattle and are the basis of cow-calf industry in the midwest. However, a recent survey of over 1000 livestock producers in Missouri revealed that only 5.6 % had ever had their hay tested. They gave several reasons for why they had not tested hay (Table 1). By a large margin, the greatest reason for not testing was that they did not see a need. This fact highlights the purpose of this paper and presentation at the 10th Annual Kentucky Alfalfa Conference. This paper will explain the terms used in …

Boreal Toad In Clear Creek County, Colorado, Richard M. Engeman, Robert W. Connell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Many amphibian populations worldwide have experienced recent population declines (e.g. Barinaga 1990). Included among these are declines for the boreal toad (Bufo boreas boreas) in the central Rocky Mountains (Corn et al. 1989; Stolzenburg 1989). The extent of the population declines is such that boreal toad populations in the Rocky Mountains have been included on the list of species to be reviewed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for Threatened or Endangered status (Federal Register 1989). We report here an additional population site for the boreal toad in Colorado.

A Study For The Improvement, Restoration, And Protection Of Mill Pond, William B. Eviston, Thomas Crisman, Eric P. Ellingson

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of On-Road Remote Sensing As A Tool For Automobile Emissions Control, Donald H. Stedman, Gary A. Bishop

Fuel Efficiency Automobile Test Publications

Final report to the Illinois Department of Energy and Natural Resources, ILENR/RE-AQ-90/05

Modeling Coastal Landscape Dynamics, Robert Costanza, Fred Hal Sklar, Mary L. White

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Examines methods used to predict the way ecological systems respond to human modifications. Coastal marshes; Process-based dynamic spatial ecosystem simulation models; Coastal ecological landscape spatial simulation model; Scenario analysis.

Studies Of Nitro-Pah On Ambient Air Particulate Matter, Yadan Wang Chen

Theses

A rapid, simple method for routine trace analysis of four isomeric nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAH) (1-nitropyrene, 2-nitropyrene, 2-nitrofluoranthene and 3-nitrofluoranthene) in ambient air particulate matter is described. Two types of air particle sample (TSP and IP10) were collected and particle extracts were prefractionated by thin layer chromatography and the appropriate zones of interest analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC with UV and fluorescence detection. The study of Zn/Si post-column reaction chamber and oxygen scrubber for catalytic reduction of target compounds is also described. Six nitro-PAH compounds were identified in TSP and five in IP10 air particle samples. The results of identification and …

Benzo(A)Pyrene Ingested From Composite Meals : Analysis And Method Development Related To Total Human Exposure, Che-Han Hsu

Theses

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) have been known for many years to be environmental carcinogen. Moreover, B(a)P has often been used as an indi¬cator for the carcinogenic potency of environmental matter. One of its exposure pathways, ingestion, may possibly be more important than other routes, conventionally studied such as inhalation. The purposes of this thesis are 1) to analyze the B(a)P concentrations in weekly composite and some daily meals obtained in the Total Human Exposure to Environmental Substances (THEES) study, 2) to develop techniques which can measure the levels of B(a)P in foods accurately and effici¬ently, 3) to compare …

Quantitative Determination Of Formaldehyde In Ambient Air, Wen-Shao Chou

Theses

Formaldehyde has been shown in the laboratory to play a critical role in the chemistry of polluted air. The method which we discuss in this paper was evaluated under practical field conditions in the Northern New Jersey Staten Island Urban Air Toxics Project. Formaldehyde in ambient air is concentrated and derived by passing a known quantity of air through a silica column impregnated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The silica is eluted with acetonitrile and the concentration of formaldehyde is determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (HPLC) with UV detection. A description of procedural details for coating silica cartridges with 2,4-DNPH acidified …

The Kinetics And Mechanism Of Photo-Oxidation Of Acrylonitrile And Acetonitrile With Hydrogen Peroxide And Ozone In Wastewater, Jung-Yuan Yeh

Theses

The study presents three types of Advanced Oxidation Processes , Ozone with UV, Ozone with Hydrogen Peroxide in the presence of UV, Various Hydrogen peroxide dosages and PH levels in the presence of UV.

A reaction kinetic model was proposed. The reaction rate constants and mass transfer coefficients are determined by a series of experiments and the use of the Rosenbrock Hillclimb Optimization Algorithm in conjuction with the Fourth ¬Order Runge - Kutta method on a digital computer.

Experimental results indicated that the Hydrogen peroxide with UV at low PH level has been proven more effective for the treatment of …

Degradation Of Refractory Organic Pollutants In Tar, Water And Soil Matrices By Ozone Or Hydrogen Peroxide With Ultraviolet Light, Liang-Jiun Uang

Theses

The objective of this research is to develop a method to degrade refractory Tar materials, higher molecular weight 3-5 ring Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's) or degrading these highly refractory PAH structures so that they are amenable to further treatment by biological or chemical methods. The process utilized to achieve this is to treat contaminated soils or tar materials with hydrogen peroxide or ozone plus ultraviolet light. Analysis of 27 specific PAH's was done by gas chromatograph (Flame Ionization Detection) for the reactants and products. The contaminated soil showed significantly lower levels of these PAH's after treatment.

Reversing Enantioselectivity In Capillary Gas Chromatography With Polar And Nonpolar Cyclodextrin Derivative Phases, Daniel W. Armstrong, Weiyong Li, Josef Pitha

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents, Volume One, Number One, Winter 1990, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Table of contents for the journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673).

Risk Objectivism And Risk Subjectivism: When Are Risks Real, Paul B. Thompson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Typically, those who discuss Risk management envision a two-step process wherein, first, Risk is more or less objectively appraised and, second, the acceptability of those Risks is subjectively evaluated. This paper questions the philosophical foundations of that approach.

A Resource Inventory And Impact Analysis Of Great Bog And The Horse Point Delta/Esker System, Problems In Environmental Science Course (Biology 493), Colby College, Biologists Organized For Ecosystem Assessment, Colby College

Colby College Watershed Study: Other Area Studies

In May of 1990, Tilcon-Maine, Inc. submitted an application to mine gravel on the east side of Horse Point Road on Horse Point in the Town of Belgrade. The project site covers 46 acres and the proposed excavation covers 16 acres. An estimated 740,000 cubic yards of material will be removed over a period of six or seven years (Pfister, pers. comm.). According to Tilcon (Timson et al., 1990) the maximum depth of the pit will be 78 feet and the bottom of the pit will be a minimum of 6 feet above the water table. At the present time …

Shelterbelts: A Buffer To Climate On The Plains, James R. Brandle

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Outline Of China's Natural Resources Law, Gu Xueting, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Books, Reports, and Studies

8 p. ; 28 cm