Digital Commons Network^™

Attitudes Of Nebraska Sheep Producers Toward Predators, Dale J. Hafer, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The economy of the State of Nebraska is highly dependent on the agricultural industry. When factors arise that complicate and threaten facets of the industry, those involved, particularly producers, often express a high degree of concern toward those threatening factors. The sheep producers of Nebraska experience this situation with predation. Predators can often cause economic and emotional losses for producers. In 1987, Johnson and Timm estimated that coyotes (Canis latrans) cause $630,000 in damage annually to the sheep industry in Nebraska. Nationally, losses of sheep and lambs to predation is estimated at $21.7 million with coyotes responsible for 63.7% of …

Consumption Of Zinc Phosphide-Treated, Bromethalin-Treated, And Untreated Oats By Prairie Dogs At Bait Stations, Dallas R. Virchow, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Currently, zinc phosphide is the only toxicant registered in bait formulations for controlling prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.). Zinc phosphide-treated oats has been registered as a rodenticide for control of black-tailed prairie dogs (C. ludovicianus) for decades. However, its efficacy and weatherability have been questioned in recent years (Marsh 1987). In contrast, bromethalin is a relatively new acute rodenticide that has been used as an alternative method of control for anticoagulant-resistant commensal rodents (Spaulding and Jackson 1982). Its activity involves the uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation process in the central nervous system mitochondria (Van Lier and Ottosen 1981). Both acute and …

House Sparrow Response To Monofilament Lines At Nest Boxes, Patricia A. Pochop, Ron J. Johnson, Kent M. Eskridge

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

House sparrow (Passer domesti-cus) nesting activities cause problems in and around structures and in nest boxes intended for other species. Previous studies have shown that house sparrows are selectively repelled from feeding sites by monofilament lines spaced 30 or 60 cm apart. The purpose of this study was to determine house spar-row response to lines spaced about 37 cm apart around nest boxes. One hundred forty-six nest boxes were installed, with lines randomly assigned to 73 boxes. All nest boxes were checked approximately every 5 days for nest materials, eggs, nestlings, and fledglings. Successful clutches were record-ed for nests that …

Developing A Coordinated Statewide Wildlife Damage Management Research And Extension Education Program, Paul D. Curtis, Daniel J. Decker

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Dealing with the negative side of human-wildlife interactions has become an increasingly important part of wildlife man-agement. This situation is due to a combina-tion of factors: human population growth and urbanization, patterns of land use associ-ated with human activities, and the increase in abundance of some wildlife species that cause problems for people. A broad consen-sus exists among state wildlife agency staff, state agricultural department staff, wildlife extension specialists, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal Damage Control agents, and state Farm Bureau officials that wildlife damage on agricultural lands has increased during the past 30 years, and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) currently …

A Cultural Method Of Reducing Pocket Gopher Impact On Alfalfa Yield, Bruce A. Jasch, Ronald M. Case, James C. Luchsinger

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Low Input Sustainable Agriculture (LISA) strives to minimize input of agrichemicals for farmers while maintaining profits. Alfalfa fits into this scheme in 2 ways. First, the plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) can reduce yield of alfalfa, thus an effective, economical means of control with minimal environmental impact would be desirable. Second, the increased use of alfalfa in rotation with row crops to increase soil nitrogen may increase pocket gopher problems by increasing their habitat. Our objective was to evaluate a cultural method to control pocket gopher damage, namely, by comparing 2 different varieties of alfalfa. One variety is tap-rooted (Wrangler) …

Movements Of Deer Mice And House Mice In A Sugarbeet Field In Western Nebraska, Dallas R. Virchow, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In fall, 1990 we became involved in a National Pesticide Clearance Inter-regional Research Program (NPCIRP) project to test the efficacy of zinc phosphide in controlling vole (Microtus spp.) damage in sugar beets in Western Nebraska. During the course of the project we observed some rather remark-able short-term movements by deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). Although mice have the physical capability of moving up to 300 m in 1 hr (Rawson 1964), typical observed-range lengths are much less. Farming practices that affect food availability and cover likely affect small mammal movements (Warburton and Klimstra 1984, Vessey 1987). Average daily movements of white-footed …

Current Cooperative Activities Between Aphis-Animal Damage Control And The Extension Service, Gary E. Larson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The basis of our cooperation is a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) which was signed between the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and the Extension Service (ES), both agencies of the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), on May 14, 1987. The purpose of the MOU is to "establish policies and administrative arrangements for a working relationship" between the two agencies and "to provide procedures for planning, coordinating, and developing cooperative vertebrate...programs." The MOU points out that APHIS-Animal Damage Control (ADC) has responsibilities in research, operational, and technical assistance programs, which are authorized by the Animal Damage Control Act …

Workshop Summary, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The Tenth Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop (GPWDCW) was held 15-18 April 1991 at the Cornhusker Hotel in Lincoln, Nebraska. The goal was to provide a forum for individuals involved in the field of wildlife damage management to discuss new ideas and recent advances in ecology, technology, public education, and policy. The format allowed for interaction and exchange on damage control strategies, priority areas for research, and public information and extension activities. The GPWDCW is 1 of 3 national conferences (including the Vertebrate Pest Conference and the Eastern Wildlife Damage Control Conference) that deal specifically with wildlife damage management.

Animal Damage Control: Are We Prepared For The Next Century?, Bobby R. Acord

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I am pleased to be here with you today to discuss Animal Damage Control (ADC). I am also very pleased to see the number of ADC people attending this conference. It is an important indication of our professionalism. During the past several months, I have spoken to many of our people in ADC to challenge them to think about the future of our program. I have also spoken to many of our cooperators such as livestock organizations and resource management agencies about the same thing. This has been done in an effort to broaden our thinking about animal damage control …

Welcome, Irvin T. Omtvedt

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The University of Nebraska is pleased to serve as a co-host for this 10th Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop. We congratulate the planning committee for arranging an excellent program that covers a wide range of important issues and problems relative to wildlife damage management. During the past three years, the University of Nebraska Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources has been actively involved in an intensive strategic planning process and this workshop is symbolic of several of our goals. First of all, we are relying on developing new linkages to better serve our clientele and fulfill our role and …

Opening Address:, Kenneth R. Bolen

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Nebraska is a major agricultural state. Nebraska ranks first in the nation in number of cattle on feed and fed cattle marketed, second in cash receipts from all livestock marketing, first in production of Great Northern beans, popcorn and alfalfa meal, and third in corn production. Agriculture is important to the state's economy. Some economists project that one-half of Nebraska workers depend on agriculture and the many related industries for their employment. The annual value of agricultural production in Nebraska is more than 8 billion dollars. Agriculture and wildlife damage problems often go hand-in-hand. We have problems in agricultural situations …

Laboratory Study On Bromadiolone: Effectiveness On Prairie Dogs And Secondary Hazards To Domestic Ferrets, Daryl D. Fisher, Robert M. Timm, Richard Poche, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Bromadiolone is a second generation anticoagulant that is currently registered as a toxicant controlling commensal rodents. This laboratory study was conducted to provide us with preliminary information on the effectiveness and secondary hazards of bromadiolone as a prairie dog (Cynomys spp.) toxicant. We planned to use this information to decide on the appropriateness of pursuing field research projects using this compound. For an overview on bromadio-lone, see Poche (1986). This was the second laboratory study we conducted on alternative prairie dog toxicants. The first, on chlorophacinone, was reported earlier (Fisher and Timm 1988). Our desire was not to directly com-pare …

Implications Of The Animal Rights Movement For Wildlife Damage Management, Alice P. Wywialowski

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Animal rights advocates are a vocal and active segment of the public who are likely to protest the killing of animals to reduce wildlife-caused damage. Wildlife damage management frequently involves killing damage-causing animals. Most media portrayals of wildlife damage management programs emphasize the killing of wildlife, and so inherently evoke a negative response from the public. The goals of this paper are to help wildlife damage managers better understand animal rights advocates and to suggest possible means to reduce conflicts. To meet these goals, the animal rights movement is placed in a historical perspective with regard to the animal welfare …

Efficacy Of Strychnine Eggs For Controlling Franklin Ground Squirrels, George H. Matschke, Paul L. Hegdal, Keith J. Andrews, Richard N. Engeman

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In February 1985, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established standards for reregistering strychnine for controlling ground squirrels. One standard required efficacy data on strychnine concentrations below those presently registered with the EPA. The 8.0 mg of strychnine per treated egg currently registered in North Dakota (ND820001) for controlling Franklin ground squirrels (Spermophilus franklinii) on waterfowl production areas (WPA's) was included in this standard. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) decided to maintain the strychnine egg registration because this is the only method available for controlling this species on WPA's. In 1986, the Denver Wildlife Research Center (DWRC) conducted laboratory …

Prairie Dog Control: A Computer Model For Prairie Dog Management On Rangelands, Mike K. Cox, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) share rangeland with other wildlife and livestock. The use of public grasslands and private pastures continues to intensify because of multiple-use and economic concerns. Countless prairie dog control programs have been conducted to reduce potential conflicts between livestock grazing and black-tailed prairie dogs. There are many questions regarding prairie dog control on rangeland, such as how prairie dog complexes effect livestock grazing, how quickly or slowly complexes expand and contract, and the cost-effectiveness of prairie dog control when associated with livestock grazing. An interactive computer model was written in BASIC for IBM-compatible personal computers to …

Landscape Plants, Forest Trees, And Crops Most Resistant To Mammal Damage: An Overview, Rex E. Marsh

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

To capitalize on mammal-resistant plants, several approaches may be taken. The most common is to select crops not highly prone to mammal damage (i.e., resistant crops). If a generally susceptible crop is to be grown, the more resistant varieties or cultivars of that crop can be selected, if known. An approach that has not received the attention it warrants is the selection of parent stock with resistant characteristics and the selective breeding of useful species to develop strains, hybrids, or cultivars with improved mammal resistance. For several reasons, this latter approach shows the most promise for forest tree species. It …

Vertebrate Impacts On Oak Regeneration In California: A Review Of Management Options, Robert H. Schmidt, Robert M. Timm

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Hardwoods occupy about 25% of the total forest area in California (Bolsinger 1988). Predominant among the hardwoods are oaks (Table 1). Over the past 10 years, concerns have been raised about the ability of some oak woodland stands to replace themselves. These concerns have focused on 2 distinct management dilemmas. The first involves the gradual loss of oak woodland acreage due to human activities. These activities often involve some type of conversion, such as the clearing of trees for rangeland improvement, production agriculture, or residential development (Schmidt and Tietje 1987). The rapid increase in California's population means more pressure on …

Incidence Of Urban Vertebrate Pest Problems In The Greater Omaha, Nebraska Area, Dennis M. Ferraro

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Human interactions with wildlife and vertebrate pest species are a common occurrence in metropolitan areas. There are a number of common encounters, however, each urbanized location has unique prob-lems. Additionally, within each metropolitan area there is a gradient of encounters based on localized habitats, urban intensity, and length of urbanization. Information obtained from public inquiries directed to the Uni-versity of Nebraska-Extension in Douglas County, Nebraska were used to compile a review of these interactions in the Omaha, Nebraska metropolitan area (Table 1). Data were collected from May to December 1990. Approximately 25% of all "pest" inquiries concerned vertebrate species. In …

Registration List -- 10th Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Includes all participants, their institutions, addresses, and phone numbers.

Adc Program Compliance With The National Environmental Policy Act, Guy E. Connolly

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) conducts a national, cooperative Animal Damage Control (ADC) program for the protection of American agriculture and other resources from wildlife damage. Like all Federal governmental activities, APHIS-ADC must comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969, as amended. This law directs Federal agencies to analyze the environmental impacts of major Federal actions, incorporate environmental considerations into decision making, and generally to mitigate adverse environmental impacts due to governmental activities. NEPA also established the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) to promulgate regulations for implementing the procedural …

Effectiveness Of Nylon Lines For Deterring Rock Doves From Landing On Ledges, William F. Andelt, Kenneth P. Burnham

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Abstract: The effectiveness of 74-kg, white, twisted nylon twine was evaluated for deterring rock doves (Columba livia) from landing on ledges at Colorado State University's Hughes Stadium in a controlled experiment during 1990. One, 2, and 3 lines were stretched 8 cm in front and 12 cm above (1 line), 8 and 18 cm above (2 lines), and 5, 12, and 18 cm above (3 lines) the ledges. The proportion of successful landings to attempted landings was reduced from 0.99 (0 lines) to 0.23 (1 line), 0.13 (2 lines), and 0.10 (3 lines). The number of pretreatment landings per ledge …

John Muir Newsletter, Spring 1991, John Muir Center For Regional Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

spring, 1991 JOHN MUIR MONOGRAPH TO APPEAR The John Muir Center for Regional Studies has completed its work on the papers presented in April, 1990, to the California History Institute on John Muir's life and work. The edited papers are now in the hands of a major publisher. The eventual volume will contain an introduction, fifteen separate essays, and an appendix. The book will be divided into six sections, each of which will focus on a different aspect of Muir's life and work. The sections include one on Muir the individual, another on Muir and religion, and a third on …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 33 Number 3, Spring 1991, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

12 - ABORTION : NO SIMPLE ANSWERS Jesuit theologian Ted Mackin examines pro-life and pro-choice positions and reports that neither side is addressing the issue with total honesty. By Theodore J. Mackin, S.J.

16 - STAY AT HOME MOMS Alumnae discuss why they decided to devote all their time and attention to their families. By Michelle Burget Fletcher '78, Brigid Modena Benham '81, and Anne Penoyer King '69

20 - SCU's WINE FAMILIES Northern California's vineyards are fertile ground for Santa Clara graduates. By Rosina Wilson

28 - WORKING THE SUICIDE HOTLINE Within these walls, no secret is too terrible …

The Calendar - April 1991, Nova University

The Calendar

No abstract provided.

Fourier Transform Infrared (Ftir) Spectroscopy Analysis Of Combustion Aerosol, Gary Jacquin

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

In conjunction with my co-op program at McDonnell-Douglas, my current OURE project is the analysis of combustion aerosols using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. Aerosol science is a very important field as it is concerned with atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric physics, climate, public health, and environmental issues.

In the Cloud and Aerosol Sciences Laboratory (CASL) at UMR, combustion aerosols are generated by an in-house designed torch or burner. The fuels, JP4 and JP5, are provided by McDonnell-Douglas. Some other commercial fuels are also used. The primary objective of my OURE project was to generate and collect combustion aerosols for chemical analysis. …

Combustion Aerosol Morphology, Ronald P. Holland

Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience Program (OURE)

The following report entitled Carbon Aerosol Morphology is the result of research done through the University of Missouri--Rolla Graduate School program entitled Opportunities for Undergraduate Research Experience (OURE). My appointment was for the Summer - 1990 with the Cloud and Aerosol Sciences Laboratory, Department of Physics, located in Norwood Hall. The goal of this appointment was to study the size and morphology of combustion aerosols whose characteristics are dependent on the history of the particle, e.g. exposure to chemicals, scavenging effects, and other time dependent factors. Computer image processing software is available in the department for this purpose.

The Role Of Inositol Phosphate Cascade In Visual Excitation Of Invertebrate Microvillar Photoreceptors, Tamara M. Frank, A. Fein

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The identity of the transmitter(s) involved in visual transduction in invertebrate microvillar photoreceptors remains unresolved. In this study, the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP₃) was examined in Limulus ventral photoreceptors by studying the effects on the light response of heparin and neomycin, agents that inhibit the production or action of IP₃. Both heparin and neomycin reduce responses to brief flashes of light and the transient component of responses to steps of light, and also inhibit IP₃-induced calcium release, indicating that IP₃ plays a direct role in invertebrate visual excitation. The effects of BAPTA, …

State Of Tampa Bay 1990, Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council (Tbrpc), Agency On Bay Management

Reports

To identify activities and actions that have occurred over the past year, the Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council's Agency on Bay Management annually develops a status report on the condition of the Tampa Bay estuary. This document represents the fifth annual "State of Tampa Bay" report pursuant to the adopted rules of the Council's Agency on Bay Management. The purpose of the "State of Tampa Bay" report is to: • serve as a reference for projects, programs and organizations that influence the bay and its watershed, • identify the condition of Tampa Bay over the past year, and • depict …

Bulletin No 4219 - Chemical Control Of Insect Pests In Field Crops And Pastures, T. P. Quinn, G. P. Mangano, P. J. Michael

Bulletins 4000 -

Chemicals currently registered in Western Australia for use against pests of field crops and pasture are given in the following tables. Trade names are listed alongside each chemical formulation.

Department of Agriculture Bulletin 4185 "Insect and allied pests of extensive farming" will help you identify the pest(s) through coloured photographs, descriptions and keys. Information on the type of damage, life cycle and control is also provided. Further information is available in Farmnotes on specific pests and on pests of a particular crop.

The Poison Schedule for each product is indicated in the table. Extremely toxic chemicals are labelled as "dangerous …

Biological Effectiveness Of High-Energy Protons: Target Fragmentation, Francis A. Cucinotta, Robert Katz, John W. Wilson, Lawrence W. Townsend, Judy Shinn, Ferenc Hajnal

Robert Katz Publications

High-energy protons traversing tissue produce local sources of high-linear-energy-transfer (LET) ions through nuclear fragmentation. We examine the contribution of these target fragments to the biological effectiveness of high-energy protons using the cellular track model. The effects of secondary ions are treated in terms of the production collision density using energy-dependent parameters from a high-energy fragmentation model. Calculations for mammalian cell cultures show that at high dose, at which intertrack effects become important, protons deliver damage similar to that produced by γ rays, and with fragmentation the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of protons increases moderately from unity. At low dose, where …