Digital Commons Network^™

Does Mutual Knowledge Affect Virtual Team Performance? Theoretical Analysis And Anecdotal Evidence, Alanah Davis, Deepak Khazanchi

Information Systems and Quantitative Analysis Faculty Publications

This paper describes the concept of mutual knowledge and its potential impact on virtual team performance. Based on an analysis of extant literature, we argue that there is a gap in our understanding of what is known about mutual knowledge as it impacts team dynamics and virtual team performance. Supporting literature, anecdotes, and case studies are used to discuss the importance of mutual knowledge for virtual team performance and the research issues that need to be addressed in the future.

Arctic Report Card 2007: Tracking Recent Environmental Changes, J. Overland, L. Bengtsson, R. Przybylak, J. Walsh, J. Richter-Menge, S. Nghiem, D. Perovich, I. Rigor, A. Proshutinsky, J. Morison, V. Romanovsky, R. Armstrong, L.D. Hinzman, N. Oberman, A. Shiklomanov, E. Hanna, J. Box, P. Huybrechts, R. Van Bogaert, D. Walker, G.J. Jia, O. Grau, M. Hallinger, M. De Dapper, C. Jonasson, T.V. Callaghan, D. Russell, M.J.J.E. Loonen, C. Zöckler, B. Ebbinge

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Collectively, the observations indicate that the overall warming of the Arctic system continued in 2007. There are some elements that are stabilizing or returning to climatological norms. These mixed tendencies illustrate the sensitivity and complexity of the Arctic System.

Atmosphere: Hot spot shifts toward Europe

Ocean: North Pole Temperatures at depth returning to 1990s values

Sea Ice: Summer extent at record minimum

Greenland: Recent warm temperatures associated with net ice loss

Biology: increasing tundra shrub cover and variable treeline advance; up to 80% declines in some caribou herds while goose populations double

Land: Increase in permafrost temperatures

The Arctic Report …

Watered Down: The Intersection And Integration Of Tourism Development And Water Resource Management In Marrakech, Morocco, Alison Maassen

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Implementing Uganda’S National Wetlands Policy: A Case Study Of Kabale District, Sophie Glass

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Uganda’s “National Policy for the Conservation and Management of Wetland Resources” was launched in 1995 to promote the protection of Uganda’s wetlands in order to sustain their ecological and socioeconomic functions. Despite the formal policy, wetlands continue to be drained and converted. This report examines factors that account for the divide between the National Wetlands Policy and reality. Six weeks were spent researching the challenges associated with implementing the National Wetlands Policy. Kabale District was used as a case-study to better understand the issues that institutions and stakeholders face when trying to abide by the precepts of the policy. Rapid …

Effects Of Human Choices On Characteristics Of Urban Ecosystems, Lawrence A. Baker, Anthony J. Brazel, Loren Bryne, Alex Felson, Morgan Grove, Kristina Hill, Kristen C. Nelson, Jason Walker, Vivek Shandas

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Most urban ecology in cities remains an "ecology in cities" rather than an "ecology of cities." Accomplishing the latter requires the inclusion of humans within the concept of "ecosystem," both how humans alter the properties of urban ecosystems and how these alterations in turn influence human well-being. These influences are both direct (e.g., physiological and psychological influences on the human organism) and indirect, by influencing ecosystem sustainability. For the 2007 ESA meeting, Larry Baker, Loren Byrne, Jason Walker, and Alex Felson organized a symposium to address the relationships among human choices and urban ecosystems. In the introductory talk of this …

Who Will Put America Back Together Again?, David J. Keeling

Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exhuming Norwegian Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks: Overprinting Extensional Structures And The Roleof The Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment Zone, Scott M. Johnston, Bradley R. Hacker, Torgeir B. Andersen

Physics

The Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment Zone (NSDZ) is widely cited as one of the primary structures responsible for the exhumation of Norwegian (ultra)high-pressure (UHP) rocks. Here we review data from the considerable volume of research describing this shear zone, and compile a strike-parallel cross section along the NSDZ from the Solund Basin in the south to the Sørøyane UHP domain in the north. This cross section highlights several previously unrecognized patterns, revealing a shear zone with top-to-the-west asymmetric fabrics that (1) initiated at amphibolite facies, (2) overprints metamorphic breaks and tectonostratigraphic contacts, and (3) has a gradational continuum of muscovite cooling ages. …

Sa-Rest And (S)Mashups: Adding Semantics To Restful Services, Jonathan Lathem, Karthik Gomadam, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The evolution of the Web 2.0 phenomenon has led to the increased adoption of the RESTful services paradigm. RESTful services often take the form of RSS/Atom feeds and AJAX based light weight services. The XML based messaging paradigm of RESTful services has made it possible to compose various services together. Such compositions of RESTful services is widely referred to as Mashups. In this paper, we outline the limitations in current approaches to creating mashups. We address these limitations by proposing a framework called as SA-REST. SA-REST adds semantics to RESTful services. Our proposed framework builds upon the original ideas in …

Variable Intensity Of Teleconnections During The Late Holocene In Subtropical North America From An Isotopic Study Of Speleothem From Florida, Philip E. Van Beynen, Yemane Asmerom, Victor J. Polyak, Limaris R. Soto, Jason S. Polk

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The persistence and influence of both tropical and extra‐tropical teleconnections on the hydrology of subtropical North America are little understood. Major atmospheric‐oceanic controls on the isotopic composition of the precipitation reconstructed from a 1,000 year old stalagmite are the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). These teleconnections create decadal‐ to centennial‐scale changes in the seasonal distribution of precipitation. An increase in the winter proportion of annual precipitation coincides with negative phase NAO conditions and a positive phase PDO. However, the PDO's influence appears to be weakened when it is out of phase with the El Niño …

Progress In Ctbt Monitoring Since Its 1999 Senate Defeat, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

Progress in monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) is examined, beginning with the 2002 National Academy of Sciences CTBT study, followed by recent findings on regional seismology, array-monitoring, correlation-detection, seismic modeling, and non-seismic technologies. The NAS-CTBT study concluded that the fully completed International Monitoring System (IMS) will reliably detect and identify underground nuclear explosions with a threshold of 0.1 kt in hard rock, if conducted anywhere in Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America. In some locations the threshold is 0.01 kt or lower, using arrays or regional seismic stations, but with an increase in background events. As …

A Three-Tier Knowledge Management Scheme For Software Engineering Support And Innovation, Richard Corbin, Christopher B. Dunbar, Qiuming Zhu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

To ensure smooth and successful transition of software innovations to enterprise systems, it is critical to maintain proper levels of knowledge about the system configuration, the operational environment, and the technology in both existing and new systems. We present a three-tier knowledge management scheme through a systematic planning of actions spanning the transition processes in levels from conceptual exploration to prototype development, experimentation, and product evaluation. The three-tier scheme is an integrated effort for bridging the development and operation communities, maintaining stability to the operational performance, and adapting swiftly to software technology innovations. The scheme combines experiences of academic researches …

Departures From Gibrat’S Law, Discontinuities And City Size Distributions, Ahjond S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, Colin M. Gallagher, John Mittelstaedt

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Cities are complex, self-organizing, evolving systems and the emergent patterns they manifest provide insight into the dynamic processes in urban systems. This article analyses city size distributions, by decade, from the south-eastern region of the US for the years 1860–1990. It determines if the distributions are clustered into size classes and documents changes in the pattern of size classes over time. A statistical hypothesis test was also performed to detect dependence between city size and growth using discrete probability calculations under the assumption of Gibrat’s law. The city size distributions for the south-eastern region of the US were discontinuous, with …

Designing Multimodal Interaction For The Visually Impaired, Xiaoyu Chen

Dissertations

Although multimodal computer input is believed to have advantages over unimodal input, little has been done to understand how to design a multimodal input mechanism to facilitate visually impaired users' information access.

This research investigates sighted and visually impaired users' multimodal interaction choices when given an interaction grammar that supports speech and touch input modalities. It investigates whether task type, working memory load, or prevalence of errors in a given modality impact a user's choice. Theories in human memory and attention are used to explain the users' speech and touch input coordination.

Among the abundant findings from this research, the …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 83, No. 1, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

Gis Aided Archaeological Research Of El Camino Real De Los Tejas With Focus On The Landscape And River Crossings Along El Camino Carretera., Jeffrey M. Williams

Faculty Publications

Many generations of indigenous pathways through the forests of eastern Texas have their origins obscured in antiquity. Utilized by early European explorers, these pathways became modified through heavy use and the expansions and improvements needed to accommodate easy passage of European horses and carts and finally the heavy wagons of Anglo-American settlers. The first road through Texas, El Camino Real de Los Tejas, utilized portions of these early trails.

El Camino Carretera (known as the cart road) is an early segment of El Camino Real de los Tejas that crossed the Sabine River at the boundary between Texas and Louisiana. …

Study On Grade Evaluation Of Port Shoreline In Jiangsu Province, Wei Li

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Increase In Near-Surface Atmospheric Moisture Content Due To Land Use Changes: Evidence From The Observed Dewpoint Temperature Data, Rezaul Mamood, Kenneth G. Hubbard, Ronnie D. Leeper, Stuart A. Foster

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Land use change can significantly affect root zone soil moisture, surface energy balance, and near-surface atmospheric temperature and moisture content. During the second half of the twentieth century, portions of the North American Great Plains have experienced extensive introduction of irrigated agriculture. It is expected that land use change from natural grass to irrigated land use would significantly increase nearsurface atmospheric moisture content. Modeling studies have already shown an enhanced rate of evapotranspiration from the irrigated areas. The present study analyzes observed dewpoint temperature (Td) to assess the affect of irrigated land use on near-surface atmospheric moisture content. This investigation …

Invasive Species Management And Research Using Gis, Tracy Holcombe, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Catherine Jarnevich

Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species

Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are powerful tools in the field of invasive species management. GIS can be used to create potential distribution maps for all manner of taxa, including plants, animals, and diseases. GIS also performs well in the early detection and rapid assessment of invasive species. Here, we used GIS applications to investigate species richness and invasion patterns in fish in the United States (US) at the 6-digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) level. We also created maps of potential spread of the cane toad (Bufo marinus) in the southeastern US at the 8-digit HUC level using regression …

An Analysis Of Base-Level Conduit Sedimentation In South Central Kentucky, Ben Tobin

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In karst basins, significant amounts of surface-derived sediment can enter into cave systems. The transport and deposition of these sediments in underground streams is a function of flow velocity, sediment supply and passage morphology. Changes in the surface environment can affect the water and sediment supplies to subsurface drainage systems and thus may be reflected in the sedimentary structure, texture and rates of deposition of cave sediments. Cave sediments in two south central Kentucky caves were studied to evaluate a possible, relationship between variations in deposit characteristics and variations in surface changes, including land-use. Samples were collected using coring tubes …

Reducing Risk And Enhancing Efficiency In Non-Native Vertebrate Removal Efforts On Islands: A 25 Year Multi-Taxa Retrospective From Santa Cruz Island, California, Scott A. Morrison

Managing Vertebrate Invasive Species

Effective conservation of native biodiversity on islands often requires the eradication of destructive non-native vertebrates. There are risks in conducting an eradication project, however, including the risk that the effort will fail to remove all the individuals, and the risk that the removal of the species will trigger ecological cascades with unanticipated and undesired consequences. Managers must plan to reduce such risks, and also maximize the return on investment of the limited conservation resources available for restoration programs. I discuss four vertebrate removal projects implemented on Santa Cruz Island, CA, over the past 25 years: sheep, golden eagles, pigs, and …

Quarternary Alluvial Deposition In The Upper Green River Valley, Kentucky, Juan Herrera

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This research describes the alluvial deposits and Quaternary geomorphic evolution of the Upper Green River in Kentucky by documenting the nature of flood plain sediments at two sites along the valley bottom of the Upper Green River between Mammoth Cave National Park and Green River Lake. Field methods employed included stratigraphic descriptions of bank exposures and borings obtained in flood plain surfaces, along with textural and radiocarbon analysis of sediment samples. Sediment samples from boreholes and bank exposures in two study sites (Pitman Creek confluence, -PCC- and Upper Green River Biological Preserve -UGRBP-) were collected and sieved to determine grain …

Landscape Ecology Of Crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) In West-Central Indiana, Jacob L. Burskey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

I investigated the distribution, zoogeography, and habitat associations of crayfish (Decapoda: Cambaridae) in an area of west central Indiana containing glaciated and unglaciated regions. I first sampled 180 streams within Vigo, Clay, Owen, Sullivan, Greene, and Knox counties to establish spatial distributions of crayfish species and gather information on natural history and site specific habitat conditions. Ten species were found; Cambarus (Tubericambarus) polychromatus, Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) sp.A, Cambarus (Erebicambarus) laevis, Fallicambarus (Creaserinus)fodiens, Procambarus (Girardiella) gracilis, Procambarus (Ortmannicus) acutus, Orconectes (Triscellescens) immunis, Orconectes ( Gremicambarus) virilis, Orconectes ( Crockerinus) propinquus, - Orconectes (Faxinous) indianensis. The two rarest species were 0. indianensis (collected …

An Augmented Approach To Support Collaborative Distance Learning Of Unified Modeling Language, Keng Siau, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Brenda Eschenbrenner, Ashu Guru

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Teaching in the classroom faces many challenges of providing a collaborative, interactive environment that effectively facilitates students’ learning. The challenges increase when the physical classroom converts into a virtual classroom. This difficulty is further exacerbated when the course is diagramming intensive, practice-oriented, and hands-on in nature. Technology has been sought after to help with these challenges. Web Conferencing software, when compared to Web Broadcasting software, can facilitate real-time interaction and collaboration in a distance learning context. For courses that are diagramming intensive and practice-oriented, Tablet PCs, when compared to desktop PCs, can support drawing and diagramming because of the ability …

Re-Engineering Xid Technologies - From Enterprise To Consumer Markets, Arcot Desai Narasimhalu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Several studies have addressed the process of taking ideas to markets but few have shared the experiences of start up companies that have reexamined their product strategies and repositioned their products and services for better revenues and profits. This paper reports the efforts related to repositioning of XID technologies, a start up company, into new markets while continuing to exploit its core technical competencies.

Mapping Better Business Strategies With Gis, Tin Seong Kam

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The value of location as a business measure is fast becoming an important consideration for organisations. GIS (Geographical Information Systems), with its capability to manage, display, analyse business information spatially, is emerging as a powerful location intelligence tool. In the US, Starbucks, Blockbuster, Hyundai, and thousands of other businesses use census data and GIS software to help them understand what types of people buy their products and services, and how to better market to these consumers. For example, McDonald’s in Japan uses a GIS system to overlay demographic information on maps to help identify promising new store sites. Singapore Management …

The Cumberland Trail: An Assessment Of The Land Acquisitions And Potential Ecological Value Of Tennessee's New Linear Park, Ben Miles

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Tennessee's first linear state park, the Cumberland Trail State Scenic Trail, will stretch over three hundred miles from Signal Point in Hamilton County, to the Cumberland Gap on the Kentucky border. Although the trail uses land already in public ownership at different locations along its proposed route, land purchased to secure a state-managed corridor for the Cumberland Trail acquires properties along an expansive area of the Cumberland Plateau. Efforts to acquire land for the trail' s corridor utilize both federal and state funding, and constitute the largest land acquisition project in Tennessee. This large and unique State Park land acquisition …

Jeanne Gurnee Oral History Interview With Beth Fratesi And Todd Chavez, July 23, 2007, Jeanne Gurnee (Interviewee), Sarah Elizabeth (Beth) Fratesi (Interviewer), Todd Chavez (Interviewer)

Environmental Sustainability Oral Histories

Jeanne Gurnee, speleologist, explorer, writer, editor, conservationist, and land-use planner, discusses how she developed her lifelong interest in caving, how she met her husband Russell, and how they began their involvement with the National Speleological Society (NSS) as a professional pair. She gives an in-depth, chronological discussion of her professional involvement with caving groups and organizations, specifically the founding of fifty or more grottos, as well as her cave projects in Puerto Rico, Barbados, and Angola. Jeanne Gurnee speaks of her love of "show caves", their importance, her reception as an ecological lecturer, and her advice to young women beginning …

Methyl Esterification Of Fatty Acids And Eicosanoids With A Novel Reagent Trimethylsilyldiazomethane For Analysis By Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Aditi Munmun Sengupta

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Fatty acids are compounds with limited water solubility that belong to the lipid class of bio-organic compounds and can be utilized as a source of energy by the body or as precursors to oxidized compounds that have roles in inflammation and in the regulation of vascular tone. The prostaglandins are naturally occurring 20-carbon cyclopentano fatty acid derivatives produced in mammalian tissue from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are generated from endoperoxide precursors of arachidonic acid and related polyunsaturated fatty acids by the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase (COX). The lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymes convert arachidonic acid into hydroperoxy derivatives of PUFAs termed leukotrienes, which …

Microfacies Analysis, Sedimentary Petrology, And Reservoir Characterization Of The Sinbad Limestone Based Upon Surface Exposures In The San Rafael Swell, Utah, Caleb R. Osborn

Theses and Dissertations

The Lower Triassic Sinbad Limestone Member of the Moenkopi Formation has produced minor amounts of oil in the Grassy Trail Creek field near Green River, Utah and is present below much of central Utah including the recently discovered Covenant field. Superb outcrops of this thin (15 m), mixed carbonate-silicilastic unit in the San Rafael Swell permit detailed analysis of its vertical and lateral reservoir heterogeneity. Vertically, the Sinbad Limestone comprises three facies associations: (A) a basal storm-dominated, well-circulated skeletal-oolitic-peloidal limestone association, (B) a storm-dominated, poorly-circulated hummocky cross-stratified siliciclastic/peloidal association, and (C) a capping peritidal cross-bedded oolitic dolograinstone association. Eleven microfacies …

Evolution Of The American Ecological Paideia, Mary Snow, Richard K. Snow

Publications

No abstract provided.