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Water Resources Year In Review - Winter 2003, Annis Water Resource Institute

AWRI Reviews

No abstract provided.

New Evidence For Enhanced Ocean Primary Production Triggered By Tropical Cyclone, I. Lin, W. Timothy Liu, Chun-Chieh Wu, George T. F. Wong, Chuanmin Hu, Zhiqiang Chen, Wen-Der Liang, Yih Yang, Kon-Kee Liu

OES Faculty Publications

[1] New evidence based on recent satellite data is presented to provide a rare opportunity in quantifying the long-speculated contribution of tropical cyclones to enhance ocean primary production. In July 2000, moderate cyclone Kai-Tak passed over the South China Sea (SCS). During its short 3-day stay, Kai-Tak triggered an average 30-fold increase in surface chlorophyll-a concentration. The estimated carbon fixation resulting from this event alone is 0.8 Mt, or 2-4% of SCS's annual new production. Given an average of 14 cyclones passing over the SCS annually, we suggest the long-neglected contribution of tropical cyclones to SCS's annual new production may …

Developing A Conceptual System Model For Ecological Integrity Planning In The Greater Kluane Region, Yukon, Brent Heyward Parker

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Understanding the complexity and ecological organization of protected area ecosystems, and their bioregional surroundings, is fundamental to maintaining their integrity. This research set out to integrate the bodies of systems and hierarchy theory to establish a framework for developing a conceptual model that would synthesize knowledge from diverse fields and identify key system processes, thereby providing new insight into ecosystem organization, function, and integrity. This understanding was then applied to planning for ecological integrity in the Canadian National Parks context through a case study of Kluane National Park and Reserve (KNP&R) within the Greater Kluane Region (GKR). The methodology characterized …

The Relationships Of Vegetation And Bird Communities With Landforms And Geomorphic Processes On The Central Niagara Escarpment (Ontario), Robert John Milne

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study has examined the relationships between geomorphic form and process, vegetation composition and dynamics, and avian populations for landscapes in the central Niagara Escarpment, Southern Ontario. This includes an area extending from Speyside Conservation area near Milton to Mono Cliffs Provincial Park north of Orangeville. Data was collected for geomorphic form and process parameters, vegetation species and structural parameters, and avian species. The physical parameters included a combination of landform characteristics including slope angle, aspect, and landscape position and geomorphic processes, such as creep and debris slides, measured as a level of disturbance. Human levels of disturbance were also …

Short-Term Effects Of Ambient Particles On Mortality In The Elderly: Results From 28 Cities In The Aphea2 Project, E. Aga, E. Samoli, G. Touloumi, K. Katsouyanni, H.R. Anderson, E. Cadum, B. Forsberg, Patrick J. Goodman, A. Goren, F. Kotesovec, B. Kriz, M. Macarol-Hiti, S. Medina, A. Paldy, C. Schindler, J. Sunyer, P. Tittanen, B. Wojtyniak, D. Zmirou, J. Schwartz

Articles

ABSTRACT: Within the framework of the APHEA2 (Air Pollution on Health: a European Approach) project, the effects of ambient particles on mortality among persons o65 yrs were investigated. Daily measurements for particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm (PM10) and black smoke (BS), as well as the daily number of deaths among persons o65 yrs of age, from 29 European cities, have been collected. Data on other pollutants and meteorological variables, to adjust for confounding effects and data on city characteristics, to investigate potential effect modification, were also recorded. For individual city analysis, generalised additive models extending …

The Photochemistry Of Nitrous Acid In An Aqueous Matrix, Jay S. Ratliff '03

Honors Projects

The thermal and photochemical decomposition of aqueous solutions of nitrous acid and nitrite ion were studied, with a focus on the production and subsequent reaction of hydroxyl radicals. The production of these radicals in aqueous solution may be determined indirectly by disappearance of nitrous acid, or more directly by their interaction with a radical scavenger. Benzene was used to scavenge hydroxyl radical and the products of reactions with hydroxyl radical as well as nitrous acid were characterized. The roles of temperature and dissolved gases were also examined.

Phase Transitions Occurring In Models Of Neighborhood Racial Segregation, Alexander J. Laurie '03

Honors Projects

This thesis is organized as two chapters whose contents are closely related yet quite distinct. The first chapter presents a paper "Role of 'Vision' in Neighborhood Racial Segregation: A Variant of the Schelling Segregation Model," authored by myself and Dr. Jaggi, which has been accepted for publication by the journal Urban Studies and is currently in press (as of April 2003). This chapter introduces the well-known Schelling model of neighborhood segregation, outlines the sociopolitical motivation for our work, and presents the key results that we believe are of interest to social scientists. Chapter two, which ought to be of greater …

Sensor Networks: An Overview, Malik Tubaishat, Sanjay Kumar Madria

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Advances in hardware and wireless network technologies have created low-cost, low-power, multifunctional miniature sensor devices. These devices make up hundreds or thousands of ad hoc tiny sensor nodes spread across a geographical area. These sensor nodes collaborate among themselves to establish a sensing network. A sensor network can provide access to information anytime, anywhere by collecting, processing, analyzing and disseminating data. Thus, the network actively participates in creating a smart environment.

Mcnair Research Journal

Georgia Southern University McNair Scholars Journal (Archived)

Full issue of the Georgia Southern University McNair Journal presented by the Ronald E. McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program at Georgia Southern University.

• Understanding Charter Schools: An Alternative Education Program for Students Quail T. Arnold; Dorothy A. Battle, PhD.
• The Reality of Aversive Racism Christina Clarke; Jerome Steffen PhD.
• Where Did the Water Go? An Experimental Look into the Light Path of a Mirage Lisa DeBeer; Mark Edwards, PhD.

• Minorities As The Majority: The Overrepresentation of African American Students in Special Education Penny Teachy-Gary; Rosemari Stallworth-Clark PhD.

• Wireless Sensor Tracking Network-TinyOS

• Perceptions of Rape

• Low Income Rural Women and Non-Compliance to …

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United States Diplomacy In The Age Of The Internet, Allison S. Greene

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

The dynamics of international relations are constantly changing, and the origin of an extraordinary amount of that change can be traced to what has been coined the ‘Information Revolution.’ It is a revolution as profound and as significant as Gutenberg's invention of moveable metal type, and may result in social and political consequences of comparable magnitude. One of the most significant and far-reaching implications of this phenomenon is the emergence of the Internet. Since its inception, there have been many claims and assertions about existing and potential repercussions of the Internet within the diplomatic realm.

The purpose of this work …

Last Glacial Loess In The Conterminous Usa, E. Arthur Bettis Iii, Daniel R. Muhs, Helen M. Roberts, Ann G. Wintle

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

The conterminous United States contains an extensive and generally well-studied record of Last Glacial loess. The loess occurs in diverse physiographic provinces, and under a wide range of climatic and ecological conditions. Both glacial and non-glacial loess sources are present, and many properties of the loess vary systematically with distance from loess sources. United States’ mid-continent Last Glacial loess is probably the thickest in the world, and our calculated mass accumulation rates (MARs) are as high as 17,500 g/m²/yr at the Bignell Hill locality in Nebraska, and many near-source localities have MARs greater than 1500 g/m²/yr. …

Intercontinental Migration Of Large Mammalian Carnivores: Earliest Occurrence Of The Old World Beardog Amphicyon (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) In North America, Robert M. Hunt Jr.

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

North American amphicyonid carnivorans are prominent members of the mid-Cenozoic terrestrial carnivore community during the late Eocene to late Miocene (Duchesnean to Clarendonian). Species range in size from <5 kg to >200 kg. Among the largest amphicyonids are Old and New World species of the genus Amphicyon: A. giganteus in Europe (18–~15? Ma) and Africa, A. ingens in North America (15.9–~14.2 Ma). Amphicyon first appears in the Oligocene of western Europe, surviving there until the late Miocene. Migration to Africa and North America takes place in the early Miocene. The genus occurs in the Arrisdrift fauna (Namibia) of southwest Africa, indicating migration south …

Long-Lived Pluvial Episodes During Deposition Of The Navajo Sandstone, David B. Loope, Clinton M. Rowe

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The Navajo Sandstone of the American Southwest was deposited at approximately 190 Ma in a giant, subtropical dune field near the western margin of Pangea. From this unit, we report thick intervals of dune cross-strata that were churned by insects and trampled by reptiles. Although dunes continued to migrate freely, the distribution of trace fossils shows that plant life in wet interdune areas sustained high levels of animal activity on the dunes for many thousands of years. We interpret this suite of structures as the record of a pluvial episode climatologically similar to the period of “greening” in the Sahara …

Where Are The Women Geoscience Professors?, Mary Anne Holmes, Suzanne O'Connel

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Compiles an extensive set of data on the status of women in the geosciences, identifying successful strategies for increasing diversity as well as obstacles that hinder efforts. The lessons learned and best practices that arise from this report will help geoscientists continue to increase the gender diversity of their community. Some of these lessons also provide insight into ways to improve the racial and ethnic diversity of the geosciences.

The Ceres-Rice Model-Based Estimates Of Potential Monsoon Season Rainfed Rice Productivity In Bangladesh, Rezaul Mahmood, Mark Meo, David R. Legates, Mark L. Morrissey

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Agricultural practices in Bangladesh are largely dependent on the monsoonal rainfall. Historically, Bangladesh often experiences severe droughts and floods during the monsoon months, with significant crop losses during both extreme conditions. This article provides a quantitative assessment of potential monsoon-season aman rice for four transplanting dates: 1 June, 1 July, 15 July, and 15 August. A crop-growth simulation model, the CERES-Rice, is applied to sixteen locations representing major rice-growing regions of Bangladesh to determine baseline yield estimates for four transplanting dates. The applications were conducted for 1975 through 1987. Average potential yield in Bangladesh is 6,907, 5,039, 3,637, and 1,762 …

A Geological And Geophysical Investigation Of Ice Mountain Algific Talus, Hampshire County, West Virginia, Kevin M. Andrews

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ice Mountain is an algific talus slope located in Hampshire County, West Virginia, protected for its status as a biological refugium. Both the origin of the slope and the mechanism by which cold air is produced from the base of the slope have remained mysteries to local residents and tourists for many years. This research effort takes a scientific approach to exploring the mysteries of Ice Mountain. Bedrock and surficial geologic mapping provides an understanding of the physical environment of the slope area, while geophysical survey data provide clues to the subsurface of the slope. The algific talus consists of …

Modeling Of Infrared Radiation For All Skies From Easy-To-Measure Meteorological Parameters At Tropical Location: Ilorin, Nigeria, Sunday O. Udo

Turkish Journal of Physics

Downward infrared radiation (L) and some easy-to-measure meteorological variables (relative humidity, clearness index and vapour pressure) were collected for a period of two years at Ilorin. Downward infrared radiation data were obtained using a pyrgeometer (Eppley-PIR), while data for relative humidity and vapour pressure for Ilorin were obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Services, Lagos. Based on these data, using statistical regression analysis, empirical models (seven one-variable and nine two-variable) for predicting daily mean infrared radiation, from both clear and cloudy skies, were tested. Their advantage is that they only make use of easily measured meteorological parameters. The best one-variable model …

Self-Sufficiency Ecological Stress And Rural Poverty In Kibwezi Division Kenya, James Fitzsimmons

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Lake-Catchment Interactions With Climate In The Low Arctic Of Southern West Greenland, N. John Anderson, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Christopher E. Gibson, Bent Hasholt, Melanie J. Leng

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Arctic hydrology plays a central role in the earth’s heat balance and ocean circulation (Vörösmarty et al. 2001). Future changes associated with human influence on the climate system are also predicted to cause major changes in the energy and hydrologic mass balance of Arctic catchments. Climate change will likely affect permafrost and snowmelt, which dominate Arctic hydrology and control the chemistry of surface runoff (and hence streams and lakes) as water percolates through the active layer. However, the controls and dynamic impact of snowmelt are poorly understood, because this critical timeframe is often missed by sampling programs. In the Søndre …

The John Muir Newsletter, Winter 2002/2003, The John Muir Center For Environmental Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA Volume 18, Number l Wri\ - 102/0.3 (6 Go TO theMountatns! " Helen Hunt Jackson bv Bonnie Johanna Gisel • I—4 elen Hunt Jackson, poet, author oiA Century of JL -L. Dishonor: A Sketch of the United States Government's Dealings with Some of the Indian Tribes (1881) and Ramona: A Story (1884), and Special Commissioner to the "Mission Indians" of southern California (1883), wrote to her friend Jeanne C. Carr and to John Muir in 1885. She was seeking a place in the mountains of California where she could rest and recover from an …

Historical Changes In Mid-Water Stands Of Common Reed In The Winnebago Pool Lakes, Wisconsin, Anthony O. Gabriel, Leo R. Bodensteiner

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Despite the tolerance of common reed grass to environmental extremes, mid-water stands in the Winnebago pool lakes of central Wisconsin appear to be diminishing. Formerly occupying shoreline locations, water level manipulations subsequent to dam construction beginning in the 1850's have isolated reed stands off shore. These stands have persisted but casual observations indicate that stand size has been declining. To address this perception we obtained an approximately decadal series of aerial photographs dating back to 1937 for four stands in Lake Poygan. Annual records were available for 1986–94. Using image analysis software, we determined shape and size metrics. Changes in …

Intergenerational Partnerships In The Design Of A Digital Library Of Geography Examination Resources, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ee Peng Lim, Zehua Liu, Natalie Lee-San Pang, Patricia Bao-Bao Wong, Lian-Heong Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes the engagement of intergenerational partners in the design of a digital library of geographical resources (GeogDL) to help prepare Singapore students for a national examination in geography. GeogDL is built on top of G-Portal, a digital library providing services over geospatial and georeferenced Web content. Scenario-based design and claims analysis were employed as a means of refinement to the initial design of the GeogDL prototype.

Breeding Bird Community Response To Vegetation Succession In Hardwood Shelterwood Cuts In The Virginia Piedmont, Pamela Coleman

Theses & Honors Papers

Population declines of many Neotropical migrant bird species (NTMs) in parts or all of their North American breeding ranges have prompted concern regarding the conservation of these species. Many NTMs have specific habitat requirements and are thus negatively affected by habitat alteration. In eastern North America, habitats have changed significantly since European settlement and those changes have had different impacts on different suites of breeding birds. Forest birds are frequently identified as species particularly sensitive to habitat changes though, more recently,marked declines of shrubland or early successional songbirds have raised concern. My goal was to examine the effects of a …

Influence Of Terrain On Scaling Laws For River Networks, D. A. Vasquez, D. H. Smith, Boyd F. Edwards

All Physics Faculty Publications

The upper Cheat River network departs from scaling laws describing a large number of river networks in North America. This departure is traced to its corrugated terrain. The more typical random terrain of the lower Cheat River network obeys the standard scaling laws. We modify the random network model of Scheidegger to include the effects of topography, reproducing the behavior observed in the Cheat River basin.

Attracting Arctic Foxes To Relocate A Gull Colony At Keflavik International Airport (Poster), Pall Hersteinsson, Gundmundur Orn Jonsson

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 4th (2002)

The Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) colony at Keflavik International Airport has grown from around 1,000 pairs in 1975 to over 20,000 pairs in the early 1990s and to around 30,000 pairs in 2000. The colony is considered a serious hazard to both military and civil air traffic. The population of arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), the only predator in Iceland capable of preying on these gulls, was very small in this area from the late 1950s until the mid-1980s. A decade ago we noted that the location of the colony had shifted away from an arctic …

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter, Department Of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter: 2002-2015

Inside:

Page 2 Utecht Enhances Freshman Labs with New Software

Page 3 Alumni News; Foundation donors

Page 4 2002 Graduates and Awards; Chinese Seminar Results in Research Project

Page 5 Faculty and Staff News

Page 6 Antarctic Ice Holds History of Earth’s Atmosphere; Renovations of Shepard Hall Complete

Page 7 ASL Staff Records Hectic Summer; Budner Attends Greek Conference ; Carlson Awarded National Scholarship

Page 8 Recent Faculty Publications

Teaching Mathematics In The Seventeenth And Twenty-First Centuries, Dennis C. Smolarski

Mathematics and Computer Science

In the late 1960s, many people saw a fictional vision of the beginning of the twenty-first century via the movie, 2001: A Space Odyssey. Early in the movie, a lunar expedition uncovers a large, black monolith in the crater Clavius. Although the movie was fictional, and computers have not yet reached HAL's ability to speak and read lips, the lunar crater Clavius does exist and is named after a sixteenth century scholar who was instrumental in introducing mathematics into the university curriculum.

Christopher Clavius (1538-1612) is often associated with the astronomical and mathematical justification for shifting from the Julian to …

Ua66/8/3 Geogram, Wku Geography & Geology

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Geography & Geology highlighting activities of faculty, students and alumni.

Student Fact Book, Fall 2002, Twenty-Sixth Annual Edition, Wright State University, Office Of Student Information Systems, Wright State University

Wright State University Student Fact Books

The student fact book has general demographic information on all students enrolled at Wright State University for Fall Quarter, 2002.

Americanizing Sustainability: Place-Based Approaches To The Global Challenge, Timothy Beatley, Richard C. Collins

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.