Digital Commons Network^™

The Promises And Perils Of Using Llms For Effective Public Services, Erina Seh-Young Moon, Matthew Tamura, Angelina Zhai, Nuzaira Habib, Behnaz Shirazi, Altaf Kassam, Devansh Saxena, Shion Guha

Health Services and Informatics Research

Governments are the primary providers of essential public services and are responsible for delivering them effectively. In high-stakes decision-making domains such as child welfare (CW), agencies must protect children without unnecessarily prolonging a family’s engagement with the system. With growing optimism around AI, governments are pushing for its integration but concerns regarding feasibility and harms remain. Through collaborations with a large Canadian CW agency, we examined how LocalLLM and BERTopic models can track CW case progress. We demonstrate how the tools can potentially assist workers in opportunistically addressing gaps in their work by signaling case progress/deviations. And yet, we also …

Characterizing User-Reported Risks Across Llm Chatbots, Lingyao Li, Renkai Ma, Zhaoqian Xue, Junjie Xiong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integral to daily life, users are engaging with multiple LLM chatbots for various needs; however, prior research on LLM risks often remains lab-based or focuses on single LLMs like ChatGPT or singular risks like privacy. To gain a multi-risk, cross-chatbot understanding of user experiences, we analyze Reddit discussions around seven major LLM chatbots using the NIST AI Risk Management Framework. We find that user-reported risks are unevenly distributed and chatbot-specific: ChatGPT is associated with safety and fairness concerns, Gemini with privacy, and Claude with security and resilience. Less frequent risks, such as explainability …

Pre-Experiential Constraint Reconstruction: A Structural Account Of The Prior Layer In Dialogue With Jung, Griselda Poe

Publications and Research

Experiences commonly described as pre-experiential memory—such as immediate recognition, familiarity without prior exposure, and the sense of "already knowing"—are typically interpreted as the retrieval of stored content. However, this storage-based account does not provide a structurally consistent explanation of how such content is preserved prior to experience or reactivated in a form that aligns with present input.

This paper extends the three-layer cognitive architecture developed in prior work in this series (Poe, 2026n), in which cognition operates across Core processing, Modulation, and an operationally inaccessible Prior layer that supplies constraints to all processing.

This paper proposes an alternative account in …

Mapping Of Petroleum-Prospective Structures In The Jurassic Complex Of The Western Aral Uplift Based On Seismic Attributes, Yuliya Leonidovna Salaydinova, Marina Georgievna Yuldasheva

Technical science and innovation

To solve the problems of identifying and mapping prospective structures, comprehensive analysis of 3D seismic attributes is widely used at the present stage of geological research; it was applied to assess the petroleum potential of the Jurassic rock complex in the Aral Sea offshore area of the Ustyurt region. The study integrates structural mapping on the tops of Permo-Triassic and Jurassic horizons, attribute volumes (Variance/Coherence, Sweetness, root-mean-square (RMS) amplitude, Envelope) and generalized spectral decomposition (GSD, 19-41 Hz), combined with well-log and well-test data from the Western Aral, Meros, Dengiz and Karakum areas. Variance attributes were used to delineate fault zones …

Analysis And Study Of Telemetry Systems For Directional And Horizontal Well Drilling, Jahongir Abdiganiyev Erkin Ugli, Sherali Halloqovich Umedov

Technical science and innovation

The article discusses the issues of reducing non-productive drilling time during the construction of directional and horizontal wells. The main focus is on the analysis of drilling conditions in complex geological and high-temperature environments. Particular attention is paid to drilling conditions in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, with a specific study of data from the Boysun and Ustyurt regions. An analysis and study of the performance of telemetry systems available on the market, as well as their main technical characteristics, have been conducted. Key factors affecting the accuracy of wellbore trajectory measurements under various geological and technical conditions …

Does Culture Translate? A Case Study On Artificial Intelligencegenerated Text Concerning Japanese-Style Employment, Kanji Kitamura

Languages, Literatures, and Cultures Faculty Publications

Translation matters to international business when it has a discernible impact on firm performance or critical business processes. Current developments include machine translation, which is evolving in tandem with generative artificial intelligence (AI). On one hand, useful translation apps have become available to help the public communicate internationally. On the other hand, recent research concludes that even machine translation's best output still requires post-editing by a human. This argument implies that a machine-translated, grammatically accurate text may not always make sense to a human audience, possibly because of a semantic-pragmatic issue beyond the lexical level. This paper regards it as …

The Core-Modulation Architecture (Cma): A Structural Overview Of Hallucination As Structural Mismatch, Griselda Poe

Publications and Research

Hallucination is defined not as factual error but as a structural failure of alignment across target, layer, and constraint.

Within the Core-Modulation Architecture (CMA), cognition proceeds through layered processing and requires layer-specific termination conditions. Hallucination arises when Modulation-level termination is registered as completion while Core-level resolution has not occurred, producing structurally ungrounded but locally coherent outputs.

Detection is therefore structural rather than content-based, focusing on layer mismatch and termination failure.

This document presents a minimal structural account of hallucination within the CMA framework.

Practical, Scalable, And Cost-Effective Nanolc-Ms Workflow For Single-Cell Proteomics, Siqi Huang

Theses and Dissertations

Single-cell proteomics provides a novel research strategy for decoding cellular heterogeneity, revealing the molecular mechanisms of rare cell subpopulations, and studying the dynamic responses of cells to external stimuli. However, compared to transcriptomics, single-cell proteomics faces even more challenging technical challenges: extremely low protein amount in single cells, wide dynamic range, significant adsorptive losses during sample preparation, and the complex matrix and trace sample injection demanding extremely high stability and sensitivity from the separation and detection systems. Mass spectrometry-based bottom-up proteomics has become an important tool for analyzing complex biological systems, and nano-flow liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS) exhibits unique advantages …

Differentials As Models: Constructing A Differentials-Within-Limits Framework For First-Year Calculus And Examining Students' Understanding Of Limits, Differentials, And Derivatives Within It, Alexander A. Swindler

Theses and Dissertations

Work in first-year calculus has clearly shown the power that treating differentials (such as dx) as tiny quantities affords for first-year calculus learning, yet a traditional limits-based approach leaves no room for them. While some researchers have loosely described informal differentials and limits within the same paradigm, their actual conceptual definitions and relationships have not been explicitly constructed. Continued progress in this area could benefit from theoretical consideration of (a) providing clearer intuitive definitions for differentials inside a limits-based approach to calculus, and (b) defining more exactly the relationships between differentials and limits. In this study, I propose a theoretical …

Advice For Incorporating Ai Tools Into Your Legal Practice, Celia Bigoness, Robert A. Mackenzie, David J. Reiss

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

We have been speaking with many lawyers and law students about using generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools in their legal practice. We are struck by the fact that many of them have not been experimenting much, if at all, with the tools that are available to them - although many acknowledge that their clients are increasingly integrating generative AI into their businesses. We have been integrating a lot of these tools into our own professional lives, and here are some tips to help lawyers and law students get comfortable with AI tools that can help them, in big ways and …

Aiw26s: Applied Llms, Chengjie Zheng

Paul English Applied Artificial Intelligence (AI) Institute Publications

This workshop introduces the concept of applied large language models (LLMs), focusing on how users can move from simple prompt-based interaction to building structured, repeatable AI-driven workflows. Participants explore how AI enables faster prototyping, lowers barriers to entry, and expands who can participate in building technology. Through a hands-on demonstration, attendees learn how to transform raw inputs into meaningful outputs such as summaries, key concepts, and actionable steps. The session emphasizes the importance of clear problem definition, iterative refinement, and critical evaluation when working with AI systems.

At-Home Computational And Data Literacy For Pre-K–5 Students: A Review Of The Literature, Marc Sager, Sarah Miller, Zarek Drozda

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

This systematic review investigates best practices for promoting data literacy development in pre-K–5 learners, with a specific focus on caregiver involvement in at-home learning environments. A comprehensive search and screening process identified 42 studies for inclusion. The studies were analyzed to determine effective strategies for fostering early data literacy. Key findings emphasize (1) early, developmentally appropriate engagement with attention to equity; (2) core learning outcomes in computational and data literacy; (3) learning approaches integrating real-world contexts and hands-on experiences; (4) balanced use of digital tools and unplugged activities; and (5) essential parental and caregiver involvement. The review highlights integrating data …

Ai Method For Classification Of Diagnosis Of Near-Infrared Breast Lesion Images, Kaiquan Chen, Fangyang Shen, Honggang Wang, Zhengchao Dong, Jizhong Xiao, Ming Ma, Afroza Aktar, Christopher Chow, Wenxiong Zhang

Publications and Research

In near-infrared optical breast lesion screening and diagnosis systems, high-speed four-dimensional scanners can dynamically acquire tens of thousands of lesion images within a five-minute period. Currently, manual computer annotation is required to generate standard samples from these scanned breast lesion images, a process that depends heavily on physicians with clinical expertise. On average, a single physician can annotate only approximately ten samples per working day. As a result, this process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the collected samples often suffer from low accuracy, large variability, and limited diagnostic reliability. Several AI-based annotation tools, such as QuPath, HALO AI™, and X-AnyLabeling, …

Instructors' Lived Experiences Of Using Authentic Assessments In College Calculus Courses Across The United States: A Phenomenological Study, Christy Hart Kains

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study was to describe the lived experiences of instructors with authentic assessments in college calculus courses across the United States. The theory guiding this study was Astin’s student involvement theory, which provided a framework to study the involvement of students in higher education. The central research question for this study was: What are the lived experiences of instructors who utilize authentic assessments in college calculus courses across the United States? This study used a qualitative design following the transcendental phenomenological approach of Moustakas. The sample included 12 instructors from two-year and four-year colleges in …

Multiple-Valued Quantum Automata For Robotics, Yuchen Huang

Dissertations and Theses

This dissertation introduces a new type of quantum automata, their encoding and circuit realization. I concentrate on possible applications in robotics. Several methods and application of quantum automata and quantum circuit-based controllers for elementary robotic systems, with a focus on humanoid robot motion, emotion, and behavior generation are illustrated in detail. The research introduces several novel methodologies that bridge quantum computing principles with robotic control, aiming to overcome the limitations of classical deterministic and probabilistic approaches.

The dissertation first presents a quantum-circuit-based framework for generating non-repetitive and expressive (e)motions in a humanoid robot actor, using superposition and entanglement to produce …

Solving Wordle Using Information Theory, Talal Aladaileh, Donald Stephens, Mallak Alqaisi, Congyu Wu

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Wordle, a popular word-guessing game, challenges players to identify a five-letter secret word through iterative guesses and feedback on letter placement. The players must figure out the secret word within six guesses. After each guess, the letters will be color-coded based on different criteria. Optimizing the choice of guesses is critical for maximizing success within the limited attempts allowed. In this study, the application of Shannon entropy is explored as a strategy for selecting words that maximize information gain at each step of the game. By quantifying the uncertainty reduction achieved by potential guesses, this method prioritizes words that are …

Psychosocial Mediators Of A Physical Activity And Dietary Intervention In Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity, Meghan Baruth, Sarah Wilcox, Jihong Liu, Rebecca Schlaff

Faculty Publications

Background

Mediation analyses provide insight into both ‘pieces’ of the mediation chain; they allow us to look into the ‘black box’ that is behavior change. They allow researchers to better understand the ‘how’ of an intervention’s effects and/or the ‘why’ behind why an intervention worked or did not work. The lack of publications in pregnant populations highlights the need for additional studies to be conducted and published. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychosocial mediators of physical activity and dietary outcomes in a sample of pregnant women with overweight or obesity participating in the Health in Pregnancy …

Bgc-Argo Float Reveals Shifts In Nitrogen-Carbon Cycling In An Oxygen-Deficient Zone, Mariana B. Bif, Colette Kelly, Mark A. Altabet, Annie Bourbonnais, Claire Elbon, Edgart Flores, Alanna Mnich, Josh Plant, Kenneth S. Johnson

Faculty Publications

Oxygen-deficient zones are hotspots of marine fixed nitrogen loss, but the temporal dynamics of their microbial processes remain poorly resolved. Here we present a nearly three-year high-resolution record from a Biogeochemical Argo float in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific that captures a decline in nitrite concentrations, reflecting a shift in nitrogen redox balance. Using a stoichiometric mass-balance model, we quantify nitrogen transformations, including dissimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite, denitrification, anammox, and nitrite oxidation, and their coupling to carbonate chemistry. The model shows that dissimilatory nitrate reduction to nitrite dominates nitrogen transformations, while denitrification and anammox vary over depth, biogeochemical transition, …

Spatial Future Ahead! Augmented Reality And Anticipated Life Consequences, Sergio Barta, Reto Felix, Chris Hinsch, Mahdokht Kalantari, Nina Krey, Philipp A. Rauschnabel

Marketing Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study explores how initial exposure to immersive spatial computing experiences using AR headsets generates lasting inspiration and shapes consumers expected long-term life consequences (i.e., enhancement of reality, perceived substitutability and social impact).

Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a time-lagged research design based on 148 first-time users of spatial computing devices (AR headsets). Respondents were interviewed once shortly after being exposed to AR and a few days later. Data is analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).

Findings: Users' immediate “inspired-by” experiences predict increased “inspired-to” intentions days later. Such inspiration translates into anticipated consequences such as virtually customizing …

Searching Within Galaxies For The Earliest Signs Of Quenching With Spatially Resolved Star Formation Histories In Uvcandels Galaxies At Z < 0.3, Charlotte Olsen, Eric Gawiser, Charlotte Welker, Harry Teplitz, Kartheik Iyer, Xin Wang, Marc Rafelski, Rogier A. Windhorst, Anton Koekemoer, Anahita Alavi, Ben Sunnquist, Norman Grogin, Yicheng Guo, Christopher J. Conselice, L. Y. Aaron Yung, Kalina Nedkova, Bahram Mobasher, Ray A. Lucas, Vihang Mehta, Y. Sophia Dai, Jonathan P. Gardner

Publications and Research

Understanding the complicated processes that regulate star formation and cause a galaxy to become quiescent is key to our comprehension of galaxy evolution. We used eight well-resolved star-forming z < 0.3 galaxies from the UVCANDELS survey, where a total of 10 Hubble Space Telescope bands, including UV follow-up in UVIS/F275W, allow us to reconstruct the star formation histories (SFHs) of regions across each galaxy. This approach provides a powerful tool to explore the spatiotemporal connection between star formation and galaxy evolution. The spatial and temporal profiles of stellar mass and star formation rate (SFR) surface density were obtained from the SFHs of these regions. We measure scaling relations and projected radial profiles of regions within each galaxy at the time of observation and at 1 Gyr lookback time, noting possible trends in the evolution. By comparing the change in star formation over time, we can infer the timing and location of star formation and see early signs of star formation shutting off before quenching occurs. We compared the SFR density–stellar mass density scaling relations for individual galaxies as they evolve from 1 Gyr lookback time. The correlation lines pivot around a log-stellar mass surface density of 7.25 [M⊙ kpc−2], which may be evidence of a self-regulating process on these scales. Radial profiles of the galaxy logarithmic specific SFR (sSFR) show an overall decrease over 1 Gyr, but five galaxies show a greater change in log(sSFR) at the outskirts than the center, indicating a possible early onset of quenching in these galaxies.

Unequal Recovery: Climate Gentrification And The Marginalization Of Southern Urban Communities In Disaster Relief, Ryan Simone Anderson '26

Honor Scholar Theses

Increases in the severity and frequency of natural disasters in the United States have highlighted the vast inequalities that low-income communities must be prepared to face and rapidly recover from. In the Southern US, this dilemma is prevalent, with a higher risk of flooding, hurricanes, and tornadoes due to increased exposure to natural disasters and climate-related events. These climate-induced issues have revealed a connection between environmental risks and socio-economic vulnerability. Climate gentrification occurs when lower-income communities are displaced to hazardous or vulnerable areas, while wealthier communities relocate to safer, more protected areas. Well-documented, large-scale disasters such as Hurricane Katrina (2005) …

Innovations And Applications Of Virtual Private Networks And Sustainable Security In Society 5.0 Libraries, Stella Chinnaya Nduka Dr., Adeyinka Tella Prof, Petros Dlamini Dr

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

In order to improve digital resilience, privacy, and access equity in contemporary library environments, this study investigates the role of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) in fostering sustainable cybersecurity within the framework of Society 5.0 libraries. It does this by looking at the latest developments, applications, difficulties, moral dilemmas, and tactical methods associated with VPN deployment. Using peer-reviewed journal articles, conference proceedings, white papers, and policy documents published between 2010 and 2024, a methodical approach to literature review was used. The literature that bridges the fields of cybersecurity, library science, and Society 5.0 concepts was the main focus of the review. …

Morphology, Phylogeny And Distribution Of Scaeurgus (Cephalopoda: Octopoda) In Southeast Pacific Seamounts, Sergio A. Carrasco, Christian M. Ibáñez, Andrea I. Varela, Jan M. Tapia-Guerra, Erin E. Easton, Javier Sellanes

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Octopuses of the genus Scaeurgus inhabit upper bathyal benthic habitats and are composed of five recognized species. In this study, we conducted morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of two individuals of Scaeurgus and provided additional field observations of the genus in seamounts of the Nazca and Salas y Gómez ridges (southeast Pacific Ocean) over the last six years. Specifically, two specimens of Scaeurgus were collected at 234 m depth in 2019 during the EPIC oceanographic cruise onboard the R/V Mirai (JAMSTEC, Japan), and five other specimens were video recorded at depths between 210 and 340 m during three oceanographic expeditions …

Synthesis And Hydrothermal Evaluation Of Poly(Styrene Phosphonate) For Conformance Control In Geothermal Reservoirs, Sara Mccauley

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to rise, geothermal energy has emerged as a promising energy alternative to fossil fuels. A barrier to widespread implementation and energy production efficiency is macro-heterogeneity of the rock matrix. Cracks, void spaces, and flow conduits divert fluid flow away from unswept portions of the geothermal reservoir and can cause cooling of the reservoir. Flow heterogeneity has been treated in oil reservoirs by injecting hydrogel particles that travel preferentially to ultra-high permeability zones and selectively block fluid flow in these regions. We are applying polymer hydrogels that withstand hydrothermal conditions of 225 up to 275°C …

Adaptive Parallel Downloader For Large Genomic Datasets, Rasman Mubtasim Swargo

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

Modern next-generation sequencing (NGS) projects routinely generate terabytes of data that researchers download from public repositories such as SRA and ENA. Existing download tools typically employ static concurrency settings, leading to inefficient bandwidth utilization and prolonged download times under dynamic network conditions. We introduce FastBioDL, a parallel downloader for large biological datasets with an adaptive concurrency controller. FastBioDL frames downloading as an online optimization problem, using a utility function and gradient descent to adjust the number of concurrent socket streams during runtime. This approach maximizes throughput while minimizing resource overhead. Evaluations on public genomic datasets show that FastBioDL achieves up …

Introducing Gridtrees For Streaming, Scalable Hierarchical Data Visualization, Nathan Tibbetts

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

File browsing in the consumer sphere has seen very little advancement in recent years, although attempts have been made to improve upon it. With the goal of multi-level visual file browsing in mind, we present a prototype GridTree, a dynamic, recursive, stable, spatial layout data structure based on subdividing grids, represented as a hierarchy of maps whose granularity increases with depth. We motivate this work with characteristics we have identified as important for viability of a multi-level file-browser, which have become our design goals. We touch on the underlying logic of a GridTree and identify its complexity. We briefly discuss …

Thermal Mirage: Towards Robust Thermal Perception Via Gan-Guided Diffusion, Nuzaer Omar

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

Thermal object detection systems are critical for safety sensitive applications due to their reliability under adverse conditions. However, existing robustness evaluations in thermal domain primarily focuses on physical or sensor-level perturbations, overlooking vulnerabilities from semantically realistic scene and object manipulations. We introduce Thermal Mirage, a generative framework that leverages GAN-guided diffusion to expose weaknesses in thermal detectors through controlled object and context level perturbations. Our approach learns class-conditional thermal priors via a GAN and uses diffusion to transform object appearances into ambiguous or low-saliency patterns. Simultaneously, a context module degrades scene conditions by simulating harsher night environments. Integrated with a …

Robust Federated Learning With Strategic Adversaries, Manoj Twarakavi

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

Federated Learning (FL) leverages the intelligence of untrusted distributed devices through collaborative training. This makes the training process susceptible to malicious behavior. Existing defense mechanisms largely consider an adversary who attacks a proactive FL server without any adaptability. However, they overlook the presence of a strategic adversary. To address this challenge, our work proposes a Robust Game-theoretic framework where the adversary is both strategic and is equipped with the capability of performing large-scale poisoning attacks.

Harnessing Wavefront Shaping Control For Sensing Applications, Pablo Jara

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) enable deep, non-invasive sensing in biological tissue but are fundamentally limited by the photon budget - most injected light is lost to scattering before reaching the detector. Wavefront shaping (WFS) can enhance signal strength inside scattering media via interference, but the conventional diffusion-based sensitivity model breaks down under coherent illumination. We develop a microscopic theory of optical sensitivity that captures interference effects neglected by diffusion theory. We prove analytically that the microscopic and diffusive descriptions coincide under random illumination and identify WFS strategies that enhance sensitivity beyond this limit. The maximum …

Variational Data Assimilation With Steepest Descent Method For Coupled Time-Dependent Stokes-Darcy Model With Bjsj Interface Condition, Yafang Hei

Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference

Variational data assimilation (VDA) determines the initial condition of a dynamical system by minimizing the mismatch between model predictions and observed data. This work studies VDA for the time-dependent Stokes–Darcy system with the BJSJ interface condition. The problem is formulated as a PDE-constrained optimization problem, and the first-order optimality system is derived using the Gâteaux derivative and adjoint variables. A steepest descent method is applied for efficient computation. Spatial and temporal discretizations are carried out using the finite element method and backward Euler scheme, respectively. Numerical results confirm accuracy and convergence.