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Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 8-2, Winter 2001/2002 Jan 2002

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 8-2, Winter 2001/2002

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Wildlife Technician - Western/Northern Regional Centre The Research Group for Arctic Parasitology (RGAP): Heading North with CCWHC Enhanced Passive Surveillance for West Nile Virus Infection in Wild Birds in Canada - 2001 Foot and Mouth Disease and Canadian Wildlife Raptor Tissue Collection Barbiturate poisoning in a bald eagle Newcastle Disease in pigeons, Prince Edward Island Tuberculosis in a Thick-billed Murre Lyme Disease in NewfoundlandType C Botulism Outbreak on the Shore of the St Lawrence Suspected cyanide poisoning in birds Type E botulism, Lake Erie Parvovirus in raccoons Canine Distemper Virus in mustelids: Canine Newcastle Disease and Avian Cholera in Cormorants …

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The Unionid Mussels Of The Upper Iowa And Turkey River Watersheds, Jim Eckblad, Brett Ostby, Karis Tenneson Jan 2002

The Unionid Mussels Of The Upper Iowa And Turkey River Watersheds, Jim Eckblad, Brett Ostby, Karis Tenneson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

The Iowa driftless region occupies an area of about 9,000 km2 in the northeastern corner of Iowa and is drained by relatively old entrenched meandering streams. The Upper Iowa River and Turkey River are the largest of these streams. During the period from June, 1999 to October, 2000, a total of 193 sites were surveyed for mussels from the Upper Iowa River, the Turkey River, and their main tributaries. Surveys were conducted by hand using a 10 m bank-to-bank search at each site. Data analysis was facilitated using ArcView GIS. The presence of mussels was recorded at 75% of …

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Effects Of Cattle Grazing On Woodlands In Central Iowa, Cathy Mabry Jan 2002

Effects Of Cattle Grazing On Woodlands In Central Iowa, Cathy Mabry

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Iowa's forests have undergone a dramatic decline in area since settlement by Europeans. Most of the remaining forests have been degraded by an assortment of human impacts, with cattle grazing the most prominent among them. Using a matched pairs study designed to control for environmental differences among plots, I examined the impact of cattle grazing on the forest understory, canopy trees, and tree regeneration. There were distinct groups of understory species associated with ungrazed and grazed plots. Species associated with ungrazed plots were all native and tended to be perennial herbs with fleshy roots. Ungrazed plots also had species preferring …

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Invasion Of Indigenous Vegetation In South-Western Australia By Leptospermum Laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Myrtaceae), Anya Lam Jan 2002

Invasion Of Indigenous Vegetation In South-Western Australia By Leptospermum Laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Myrtaceae), Anya Lam

Theses : Honours

The current paradigm of biodiversity conservation requires the assessment of alien plant invaders, and their potential negative impacts on indigenous species and communities. Leptospermum laevigatum (Gaertn.) F. Muell. (Victorian tea tree/ Coast tea tree) is indigenous to eastern Australia. It has invaded ecosystems within its natural biogeographic range, within new ranges in Australia and overseas. The species is listed as a high priority weed in the Environmental Weed Strategy for Western Australia. However, the basis for its listing has been casual observation rather than focussed research. This study of L. laevigatum is unique in being the first to …

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Iowa's Non-Native Graminoids, Thomas R. Rosburg Dec 2001

Iowa's Non-Native Graminoids, Thomas R. Rosburg

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Iowa's non-native graminoids include 60 species of grasses and one species of bulrush. The exotic grass species comprise a large proportion (about 31%) of the total species richness of grasses in Iowa, which are second only to the Asteraceae in terms of total species. About half of the non-native graminoids (52%) occur sporadically and form sparse, non-invasive populations, while eighteen species (about 30%) are commonly encountered in large populations throughout the state. About 60% are annuals and a large majority (89%) has been introduced from either Europe or Asia. The C3 photosynthetic pathway is prevalent, occurring in approximately two-thirds of …

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Purple Loosestrife: History, Management, And Biological Control In Iowa, Amy P. Wiebe, John J. Obrycki Dec 2001

Purple Loosestrife: History, Management, And Biological Control In Iowa, Amy P. Wiebe, John J. Obrycki

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) is an invasive plant species infesting wetlands in North America. Biodiversity and wetland habitat quality are reduced following purple loosestrife establishment. Several management tactics, including cultural, mechanical, and chemical controls, have had limited success in reducing the spread of purple loosestrife. Beginning in the 1990s, a biological control program has introduced several species of natural enemies from Europe that feed on purple loosestrife. Since 1994, Iowa State University has reared and released two species of beetles that feed on purple loosestrife, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla. Biological control is one component of an integrated purple loosestrife …

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Fisheries Research Report No. 130 - Environmental Requirements And Tolerances Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) With Special Reference To Western Australia: A Review, Brett W. Molony Nov 2001

Fisheries Research Report No. 130 - Environmental Requirements And Tolerances Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) With Special Reference To Western Australia: A Review, Brett W. Molony

Fisheries Research Reports

Both Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) and Salmo trutta (brown trout) have a long history of translocation and culture and a wide knowledge base exists. O.mykiss is being considered as a candidate for inland aquaculture in the salinity affected areas of southern Western Australia and this review aims, in part, at providing relevant information to those considering a trout-framing venture in Western Australia. Both species of trout can survive a wide range of environmental conditions, including temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen and ammonia, with O.mykiss having a higher temperature tolerance than S.trutta. However, within the ranges of environmental conditions, each species …

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The Role Of Predation In Wildlife Population Dynamics, Eric M. Gese, Frederick F. Knowlton Sep 2001

The Role Of Predation In Wildlife Population Dynamics, Eric M. Gese, Frederick F. Knowlton

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The role predation plays in the dynamics of prey populations is controversial. Our understandings of predator-prey relationships is complicated by a multitude of factors in the environment and a general lack of knowledge of most ecological systems. Various other factors, besides predation, may regulate or limit prey populations, and various factors influence the degree to which predation affects prey populations. Furthermore, some factors may create time lags, or even cause generational effects, that go unnoticed. Herein, we review the role of predation in wildlife population dynamics, some of the factors influencing predator-prey interactions, and attempt to indicate where the professional …

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Mapping And Monitoring Of Coral Communities And Their Spatial Patterns Using A Surface-Based Video Method From A Vessel, Bernhard Riegl, Jan L. Korrubel, Charles Martin Sep 2001

Mapping And Monitoring Of Coral Communities And Their Spatial Patterns Using A Surface-Based Video Method From A Vessel, Bernhard Riegl, Jan L. Korrubel, Charles Martin

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

No Abstract Provided.

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Degradation Of Reef Structure, Coral And Fish Communities In The Red Sea By Ship Groundings And Dynamite Fisheries, Bernhard Riegl Sep 2001

Degradation Of Reef Structure, Coral And Fish Communities In The Red Sea By Ship Groundings And Dynamite Fisheries, Bernhard Riegl

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Reef degradation was investigated on 66 Egyptian Red Sea reefs—60 reefs for dynamite damage (using line transects) and six ship grounding sites (using 1 m sample squares). Ship groundings and dynamite fishing caused similar damage, reduction of the reef to rubble (65% of reefs were dynamited, mostly leeward, 58%). Changes in coral (line transect study) and fish communities (point count study) in impacted sites were documented. On impacted reefs, coral cover decreased, bare substratum and rubble increased, and fish dominance shifted away from Pomacentridae. Oceanographic conditions result in a stable pattern of coral communities (windward Acropora, leeward Porites). …

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Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Volume 8-1, Summer 2001 Jul 2001

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre, Volume 8-1, Summer 2001

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Raptor Carcasses Needed for Assessment of Lead Exposure: CWS and CCWHC cooperative project
Radio-telemetry for Detecting and Understanding Disease
Update on West Nile Virus in North America
French heartworm in red fox and domestic dogs in Newfoundland
Raccoon Rabies Reaches New Brunswick
Neurological Disease in Moose in Nova Scotia
Brain Abscesses in White-tailed Deer
Suspected predation by ravens on nesting painted turtles
Marine Mammals in British Columbia
Chronic Wasting Disease in free-ranging mule-deer in Saskatchewan

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Introduced Wildlife Of Oregon And Washington , Gary W. Witmer, Jeffrey C. Lewis Apr 2001

Introduced Wildlife Of Oregon And Washington , Gary W. Witmer, Jeffrey C. Lewis

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Each species of wildlife occurs as part of an ecosystem, interacting in many ways with other plant and animal species in that system as well as with the abiotic components such as soil, air, water, and other substrates. The array of wildlife species around the globe has been shaped by geological and climatological events as well as by eons of evolution and natural selection. Species have come and gone and those remaining have, in most cases, co-evolved or co-adapted with many other species so that relatively stable, and often complex, relationships exist. Usually, a great many niches have been carved …

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Circulation, Vol. 8, No. 1, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Ann E. Gargett Apr 2001

Circulation, Vol. 8, No. 1, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University, Ann E. Gargett

CCPO Circulation

Spring 2001 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "Remarks from a New Arrival: Dr. Ann Gargett"

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Ecoregions Of Nebraska And Kansas, Robert F. Diffendal Jr. Jan 2001

Ecoregions Of Nebraska And Kansas, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of environmental resources; they are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. Ecoregions are directly applicable to the immediate needs of state agencies, including the development of biological criteria and water quality standards, and the establishment of management goals for nonpoint-source pollution. They are also relevant to integrated ecosystem management, an ultimate goal of most federal and state resource management agencies. The approach used to compile this map is based on the premise …

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Teaching And Learning In The School Garden, Elizabeth Lynn Waddell Jan 2001

Teaching And Learning In The School Garden, Elizabeth Lynn Waddell

Theses Digitization Project

This project was created to encourage educators to establish school site gardens. Gardens provide the opportunity to introduce environmental topics, and can become hands-on learning centers for subjects across the course of study.

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An Environmental Education Field Guide For Mystic Lake Wetland Habitats, Linda Jean Ellingston Jan 2001

An Environmental Education Field Guide For Mystic Lake Wetland Habitats, Linda Jean Ellingston

Theses Digitization Project

This curriculum guide is for grades four through six. It examines how wetlands, wildlife, and people interact and depend upon each other. The San Jacinto Valley wetland area is used as an example of wetland habitat destruction from population pressures that have changed the natural landscape. It is also used as an example of what habitat reconstruction can do to restore vital habitats. Through student contact with the wetlands increased awareness of the fragile interrelationships between the physical and biological components of a wetland habitat is gained. Students can use ecological themes to help them assimilate collected and given data …

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Sclerosponges: Potential High-Resolution Recorders Of Marine Paleotemperatures, Gary B. Hughes, Charles W. Thayer Jan 2001

Sclerosponges: Potential High-Resolution Recorders Of Marine Paleotemperatures, Gary B. Hughes, Charles W. Thayer

Statistics

Sclerosponges have great potential as seawater temperature recorders. These animals precipitate their skeletons in carbon and oxygen isotopic equilibrium with the surrounding seawater (Druffel and Benavides, 1986). Their skeletons also display chemical properties that vary directly with changes in environmental conditions. Lack of photosynthetic symbionts allows sclerosponges to live below the photic zone, providing the potential to investigate past marine conditions beyond the range of corals. Individual sponges live for several centuries, preserving archives of pre-and postindustrial seawater variations within single specimens (Hartman and Reiswig, 1980). Cross-correlation of successively older specimens could yield up to 2000 years of marine history. …

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Integrating Environmental Education Into The Curriculum Through Environmental Community Service Learning, Jay Allen Westover Jan 2001

Integrating Environmental Education Into The Curriculum Through Environmental Community Service Learning, Jay Allen Westover

Theses Digitization Project

The goal of environmental education is to increase individuals' ecological knowledge, awareness of associated environmental problems, and motivation to evaluate and implement solutions. This project combined the concepts of environmental education with community service learning to create a new method of curriculum integration: environmental community service learning. The California state standards for environmental education, service learning, language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies were integrated into four thematic units using the teaching methodologies of cooperative learning, authentic assessment, and reflection. The integrated, thematic units of this project could be used by educators in a multi-disciplinary, team teaching scenario on in …

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Fungi Associated With Biological Soil Crusts In Desert Grasslands Of Utah And Wyoming, Jack S. States, Martha Christensen Jan 2001

Fungi Associated With Biological Soil Crusts In Desert Grasslands Of Utah And Wyoming, Jack S. States, Martha Christensen

Canyonlands Research Bibliography

No abstract provided.

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Red Imported Fire Ants: Impact On Biodiversity, Daniel P. Wojcik, Craig R. Allen, Richard J. Brenner, Elizabeth A. Forys, Donald P. Jouvenaz, R. Scott Lutz Jan 2001

Red Imported Fire Ants: Impact On Biodiversity, Daniel P. Wojcik, Craig R. Allen, Richard J. Brenner, Elizabeth A. Forys, Donald P. Jouvenaz, R. Scott Lutz

Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit: Staff Publications

The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (hereafter referred to as imported fire ant), long considered a regional problem, is receiving renewed attention nationwide, with infestations found in Arizona, Maryland, Nevada, New Mexico, and Virginia (Mitchell 1996). Recently, infestations discovered in several regions of California caused great public concern (Brennan 1999, Schrader 1999). Initially, infestations appeared to be isolated in almond groves in Kern County; presumably these infestations originated from bee hives transported interstate for the purpose of pollinating crops. Separately, ornamental plants arriving in Las Vegas, NV, were infested with fire ants, and records showed that the point …

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Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan Jan 2001

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …

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The Savannah River Site: Site Description, Land Use And Management History, David L. White, Karen F. Gaines Dec 2000

The Savannah River Site: Site Description, Land Use And Management History, David L. White, Karen F. Gaines

Publications

The 78,000-ha Savannah River Site, which is located in the upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina along the Savannah River, was established as a nuclear production facility in 1951 by the Atomic Energy Commission. The site’s physical and vegetative characteristics, land use history, and the impacts of management and operations are described. Aboriginal and early European settlement was primarily along streams, where much of the farming and timber cutting have occurred. Woodland grazing occurred in the uplands and lowlands. Land use intensity increased after the Civil War and peaked in the 1920s. Impacts from production of cotton and corn, naval …

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The Use Of Border Collies In Avian And Wildlife Control Programs, Nicholas B. Carter Oct 2000

The Use Of Border Collies In Avian And Wildlife Control Programs, Nicholas B. Carter

Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings

Airports attract large numbers of wildlife primarily because they offer immense tracts of foraging and nesting habitats free from the threat of predation. Border collies can serve as an effective means of wildlife control in these environments by introducing a predator into the ecosystem. Many wildlife dispersal methods seek to imitate predators or the effect of predators and become increasingly ineffective as wildlife habituate to the stimuli. However, border collies are true predators, representing an actual, not perceived, threat to wildlife thereby eliminating the problems of habituation. Six airports and military bases have initiated use of border collies at their …

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Wildlife Damage In The Suburbs: Conflicts In A Human-Wildlife Landscape, Rebecca Field Oct 2000

Wildlife Damage In The Suburbs: Conflicts In A Human-Wildlife Landscape, Rebecca Field

Wildlife Damage Management Conference Proceedings

The sprawling communities surrounding cities pose a paradox for wildlife. Suburban habitat, with parks, greenways, and planned open spaces, provide attractive habitat with abundant resources for some wildlife species. Yet the landscape is dominated by human activities and disturbances. Species with little tolerance for human disturbance and habitat changes have difficulty maintaining their populations in suburban environments. Yet more adaptable species flourish in suburban areas where there are less predators, increased food resources, and abundant habitat for cover and raising young. The resulting overabundant wildlife populations pose increasing problems for biologists, wildlife damage practitioners, and the public. Management of urban …

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Management Guidelines For Sage Grouse And Sagebrush Ecosystems In Nevada, Bureau Of Land Management Oct 2000

Management Guidelines For Sage Grouse And Sagebrush Ecosystems In Nevada, Bureau Of Land Management

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

These management guidelines and supportive background information promote the conservation of sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and their sagebrush (Artemisia spp) habitats on Nevada public lands administered by Bureau of Land Management (BLM). The guidelines are intended to provide interim guidance to field managers, without restricting options currently being explored for regional, state, and local sage grouse/sagebrush conservation planning. The guidelines are a Nevada BLM, habitat-specific, adaptation of the recently updated, and soon to be finalized, Western Association of Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) Draft Guidelines. The Nevada BLM guidelines apply the most current sage grouse science to BLM activities, within the context …

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Fall 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center Oct 2000

Fall 2000, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

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Occurrence And Distribution Of Diverse Populations Of Magnetic Protists In A Chemically Stratified Coastal Salt Pond, Dennis A. Bazylinski, David R. Schlezinger, Brian H. Howes, Richard B. Frankel, Slava S. Epstein Sep 2000

Occurrence And Distribution Of Diverse Populations Of Magnetic Protists In A Chemically Stratified Coastal Salt Pond, Dennis A. Bazylinski, David R. Schlezinger, Brian H. Howes, Richard B. Frankel, Slava S. Epstein

Physics

Chemical stratification occurs in the water columns and sediments of many aquatic habitats resulting in vertical chemical and redox gradients. Various types of microorganisms are often associated with specific depths and chemical parameters in these situations. For example, magnetite-producing magnetotactic bacteria are known to form horizontal “plates” of cells at the oxic/anoxic transition zone (OATZ) of such environments. Here, we report the presence of populations of diverse magnetic protists in a seasonally chemically stratified, coastal salt pond. The protistan types included several biflagellates, a dinoflagellate, and a ciliate that were each associated with specific depths and thus, specific chemical, microbiological …

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The Use Of Border Collies To Disperse Birds At Southwest Florida International Airport, Bobby D. O'Rick Aug 2000

The Use Of Border Collies To Disperse Birds At Southwest Florida International Airport, Bobby D. O'Rick

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 2nd (2000)

Similar to many airports throughout the United States and Canada, Southwest Florida International Airport (RSW) has a number of development features attractive to wildlife. Such features include stormwater detention ponds, large expanses of open fields, natural wetland marshes, and mature trees. In order to maintain safe operations and minimize the potential for wildlife-aircraft collisions, RSW has expanded the existing wildlife harassment program to include the use of a border collie. An Ecological Study completed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in 1997 indicated regular use of the airfield throughout the year by wading birds, waterfowl, and blackbirds. Although …

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Proceedings Of 2nd Bird Strike Committee Usa/Canada Annual Meeting Aug 2000

Proceedings Of 2nd Bird Strike Committee Usa/Canada Annual Meeting

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 2nd (2000)

Proceedings of 2nd Bird Strike Committee USA/Canada Annual Meeting Abstracts

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Determination Of The Wavelength Dependence On The Metal Catalyzed Degradation Of The Herbicide Atrazine, Timothy Bertram May 2000

Determination Of The Wavelength Dependence On The Metal Catalyzed Degradation Of The Herbicide Atrazine, Timothy Bertram

Honors Theses

Since the advent of modern herbicide use in the early twentieth century, researchers have been plagued with the obvious problem of herbicide disposal. Most herbicides are specifically designed to resist natural degradation processes so that they can remain effective in the field for a substantial amount of time. In addition, they are also made water soluble so that they can be easily applied to crops. Finally, they are specifically produced to kill undesirable plant species in the quickest and often crudest fashions. Due to these specific properties herbicides pose a general threat to other organisms living in the same geographic …

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