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Synthesis, Structural, Magnetic And Computational Studies Of A One-Dimensional Ferromagnetic Cu(Ii) Chain Assembled From A New Schiff Base Ligand, Anne Worrell, Gabriele Delle Monache, Mark M. Turnbull, Jeremy M. Rawson, Theocharis C. Stamatatos, Melanie Pilkington

Chemistry

A new asymmetrically substituted ONOO Schiff base ligand N-(2′-hydroxy-1′-naphthylidene)-3-amino-2-naphthoic acid (nancH₂) was prepared from the condensation of 2–hydroxy–1–naphthaldehyde and 3–amino–2–naphthoic acid. nancH₂ reacts with Cu₂(O₂CMe)₄·2H₂O in the presence of Gd(O₂CMe)₃·6H₂O to afford a uniform one-dimensional homometallic chain, [Cu^II(nanc)]_n (1). The structure of 1 was elucidated via single crystal X-ray diffraction studies, which revealed that the Cu(II) ions adopt distorted square planar geometries and are coordinated in a tridentate manner by an [ONO] donor set from one nanc²⁻ ligand and …

Insights From The Management Of Offshore Energy Resources: Toward An Ecosystem-Services Based Management Approach For Deep-Ocean Industries, M. Emilia Bravo, Miriam I. Brandt, Jesse M. A. Van Der Grient, Thomas G. Dahlgren, Patricia Esquete, Sabine Gollner, Daniel O. B. Jones, Lisa A. Levin, Craig R. Mcclain, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Tracey Sutton, Lissette Victorero, Erik E. Cordes

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The deep ocean comprises complex ecosystems made up of numerous community and habitat types that provide multiple services that benefit humans. As the industrialization of the deep sea proceeds, a standardized and robust set of methods and metrics need to be developed to monitor the baseline conditions and any anthropogenic and climate change-related impacts on biodiversity, ecosystem function, and ecosystem services. Here, we review what we have learned from studies involving offshore-energy industries, including state-of-the-art technologies and strategies for obtaining reliable metrics of deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystem function. An approach that includes the detection and monitoring of ecosystem services, with …

Histomorphology Of The Distal Urogenital Ducts In The Male Northern Crawfish Frog, Rana Areolata Circulosa (Anura: Ranidae), S.E. Trauth, R.G. Neal

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We examined the microanatomy of the distal urogenital ducts in the male Northern Crawfish Frog (Rana areolata circulosa) from a small sample (n = 5) collected in February and March from central Arkansas over a 5-year period (2017–2022). Specifically, we sought information on the following structures: (1) the paired Wolffian (urogenital) ducts caudally from the kidneys to their merging with the urodeum of the cloaca, (2) the paired seminal vesicles (sperm storage structures), and (3) the paired Müllerian ducts and glands. This study provides new information on these urogenital ducts and promotes a clearer understanding of this anatomical region for …

No Sperm Morphometric Differences Between Two Snapping Turtle Species, J.D. Konvalina, S.E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We examined sperm morphometrics between Chelydra serpentina and Macrochelys temminckii. When both species are combined, we found significant correlations between total sperm length and sperm head length as well as sperm tail length and sperm head length. In addition, we observed significant correlations between total sperm length and sperm tail length. T-tests revealed no significant differences in any of the sperm morphometrics between the two species. Both snapping turtle species had greater values for every sperm morphometric when compared to another freshwater turtle. The strong correlation between total sperm length and sperm tail length is concurrent with what has previously …

Investigating The Effect Of Poly (Ε-Caprolactone) Nanofibers Scaffolds With Random, Unidirectionally, And Radially Aligned Morphologies On The Fibroblast Cell?S Attachment And Growth Behavior, Saeed Nezari, Mohammadamin Sarli, Ahmad Hivechi, Hajir Bahrami, Peiman B. Milan, Noorahmad Latifi, Fatemeh Latifi, Tayyeb Ghadimi, S. Mohammad Amin Haramshahi, Soheila Naderi Gharahgheshlagh

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In the last decade, significant progress in tissue engineering, repairing, and replacing organs has been achieved. The design and production of scaffolds for tissue engineering are one of the main areas which have attracted the researcher's interest. In this regard, electrospinning is one of the most popular methods of nanoscale scaffold similar to extracellular matrix production. This paper reports the fabrication of scaffolds consisting of radially aligned PCL nanofibers by utilizing a collector composed of a central point electrode and a peripheral ring electrode. The chemical and physical properties were compared using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and DSC experiments, as well …

Development And Biological Evaluation Of Selective Small-Molecule Inhibitors Of The Human Cytochrome P450 1b1, Austin Hachey

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

The human cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is an emerging target for small- molecule therapeutics. Several solid tumors overexpress CYP1B1 to the degree that it has been referred to as a universal tumor antigen. Conversely, its expression is low in healthy tissues. CYP1B1 may drive tumorigenesis through promoting the formation of reactive toxins from environmental pollutants or from endogenous hormone substrates. Additionally, the expression of CYP1B1 in tumors is associated with resistance to several common chemotherapies and with poor prognoses in cancer patients. However, inhibiting CYP1B1 with small molecules has been demonstrated in cellular and murine model systems to reverse this …

Scaffolds From Natural Polymers And Soy Protein For Cultured Meat Production, Utumporn Butkatanyoo

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

To overcome the problems of livestock farming, cultured meat technologies have been developed. Cultured meat is an alternative way to produce meat by culturing cells in vitro using tissue engineering technology. The construction of cultured meat requires a scaffold to support cell proliferation and differentiation. Herein this research, polysaccharides namely high acyl gellan gum (HG) and konjac (KJ) together with a plant-based protein, soy protein isolate (SP) were used to develop scaffolds for cultured meat production. The composite scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying and followed by ionic crosslinking. The composition of HG, KJ, and SP had a strong influence on …

Timing Of Diversification, Dispersal, And Biogeography Of Parrots In The Genus Amazona (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) Throughout The Caribbean, Visualized In Gis, Christopher Kingwill

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Avian fossil records from across the Caribbean (Greater and Lesser Antilles) demonstrate higher avian diversity prior to extinction events due to climate change at the end of the Pleistocene and human impact across the Caribbean throughout the Holocene. Amazon parrots (Amazona) are a diverse genus of New World parrots found throughout Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean. Their phylogeny and evolutionary history, specifically for Caribbean species, has been debated in terms of source areas in Central and South America and the timing of and number of colonization events to different islands that preceded diversification into …

Machine Learning Algorithms For Molecular Signature Identification With High-Throughput Genome Sequencing Data, Jiao Sun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Powered by the high-throughput genomic technologies, the RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) method is capable of measuring transcriptome-wide mRNA expressions and molecular activities in cells. Elucidation of gene expressions at the isoform resolution enables the detection of better molecular signatures for phenotype prediction, and the identified biomarkers may provide insights into the functional consequences of disease. This dissertation research focuses on developing advanced machine learning algorithms for mining large-scale RNA-Seq data in cancer transcriptome analysis. A platform-integrated model for transcript quantification (IntMTQ) is developed to improve the performance of RNA-Seq on isoform expression estimation. IntMTQ provides more precise RNA-Seq-based isoform quantification, and …

Occurrence Of Predation Of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) By Chub Mackerel (Scomber Japonicus) And Spotted Mackerel (Scomber Australasicus) In Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, Kei Sasaki, Miwa Yatsuya, Daisuke Shimizu, Daisuke Ojima, Shinji Komatsu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

In recent years, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus) have started migrating to the coastal areas off Iwate Prefecture earlier than they did previously, resulting in a geographic overlap between hatchery-bred juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) released at sea and the occurrence of predatory mackerel. To clarify whether the mackerels prey on the juvenile chum salmon, we captured adult mackerels by angling during the period when these species overlap in Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture. After capture, the stomach contents of the mackerel were examined using a combination of visual examinations and DNA metabarcoding analysis. As a result, …

Feminist Pedagogy In Stem: The Intersection Of Stem Pedagogy And Feminist Theory, Lesley Ann Giddings, Candice Price

Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education aims to cultivate the capacity for innovation and real-world problem-solving (Marrero et al., 2014). However, STEM pedagogy has not historically aligned with this goal, often failing to teach students the necessary skills and mindset for creative problem-solving (Stehle & Peters-Burton, 2019). Traditional STEM pedagogical methods, such as rote and lecture-based learning, are based on the teacher being the dominant source of knowledge and students being the passive receivers (Achuonye, 2015; Khalaf & Mohammed Zin, 2018). These methods lack student support, collaboration, active learning, and real-world contexts (Gasiewski et al., 2012). Furthermore, the exclusion …

Investigating Ru(Ii) Anticancer Agents With Non-Canonical Mechanisms Of Action, Richard Joseph Mitchell

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Platinum(Pt)-based agents are used in approximately 50% of all cancers that are treated with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the dose-limiting toxicity of these agents remains problematic for patients undergoing treatment. Additionally, Pt(II) therapeutics suffer from transporter-dependent uptake, limited chemical functionalization, and high susceptibility to inactivation by free thiols within the cytosol. Developing small molecules with non-canonical mechanisms of action is one strategy that can be employed to circumvent these limitations. Utilization of coordination complexes with ruthenium(Ru) metal centers is one attractive strategy. Ru(II) compounds are often octahedral, facilitating greater accessibility for chemical diversity; Ru(II) complexes use passive transport and transferrin-mediated transport for …

Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Darunavir Analogs As Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors, Muhammad Asad Ur Rehman

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Darunavir, a potent inhibitor for HIV protease (PR) for the treatment of HIV infection, encounters limitations due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance HIV strains, imposing the development of darunavir analogs as new HIV protease inhibitors (PI) with enhanced efficacy. In this study, a combinatorial in silico method was used to at first design a several HIV-1 PI analogs with variations at key sites, P1' and P2', to improve the interactions with HIV-1 PR. Fifteen analogs with encouraging binding score were selected for synthesis and assessed for the inhibition activity of HIV-1 PR. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of P2' …

Covidanno, Covid-19 Annotation In Human, Yuzhou Feng, Mengyuan Yang, Zhiwei Fan, Weiling Zhao, Pora Kim, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), has caused a global health crisis. Despite ongoing efforts to treat patients, there is no universal prevention or cure available. One of the feasible approaches will be identifying the key genes from SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. SARS-CoV-2-infected in vitro model, allows easy control of the experimental conditions, obtaining reproducible results, and monitoring of infection progression. Currently, accumulating RNA-seq data from SARS-CoV-2 in vitro models urgently needs systematic translation and interpretation. To fill this gap, we built COVIDanno, COVID-19 annotation in humans, available at http://biomedbdc.wchscu.cn/COVIDanno/. The aim …

Late-Stage Functionalization Through Click Chemistry Provides Glut5-Targeting Glycoconjugate As A Potential Pet Imaging Probe, Adelina Oronova, Marina Tanasova

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The targeting of facilitative sugar transporters (GLUTs) has been utilized in the development of tools for diagnostics and therapy. The interest in this area is promoted by the phenomenon of alterations in cellular metabolic processes that are linked to multitudes of metabolic disorders and diseases. However, nonspecific targeting (e.g., glucose-transporting GLUTs) leads to a lack of disease detection efficiency. Among GLUTs, GLUT5 stands out as a prominent target for developing specific molecular tools due to its association with metabolic diseases, including cancer. This work reports a non-radiolabeled fluoride (19F) coumarin-based glycoconjugate of 2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol as a potential PET imaging probe that …

Probing Conformational Landscapes And Mechanisms Of Allosteric Communication In The Functional States Of The Abl Kinase Domain Using Multiscale Simulations And Network-Based Mutational Profiling Of Allosteric Residue Potentials, Keerthi Krishnan, Hao Tian, Peng Tao, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In the current study, multiscale simulation approaches and dynamic network methods are employed to examine the dynamic and energetic details of conformational landscapes and allosteric interactions in the ABL kinase domain that determine the kinase functions. Using a plethora of synergistic computational approaches, we elucidate how conformational transitions between the active and inactive ABL states can employ allosteric regulatory switches to modulate intramolecular communication networks between the ATP site, the substrate binding region, and the allosteric binding pocket. A perturbation-based network approach that implements mutational profiling of allosteric residue propensities and communications in the ABL states is proposed. Consistent with …

Synthesis Of Bioactive Heterocycles, Shaila Akter Shetu

Theses and Dissertations

The Discovery of a variety of heterocyclic drugs for the treatment of cancer and other diseases (e.g, neglected tropical diseases) is a medical breakthrough and inspiring for the research community as a whole. A wide range of natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic anticancer drugs are synthesized using various methods. Among them, β -lactams stand out as a novel class of antibiotics that has different types of biological as well as anti-cancer properties. β -lactam has become a premier and active research subject towards the development of revolutionary anti-cancer drugs. In recent years, a large amount of investigations have been done to …

Spectroscopic Study Of Bi5ti3feo15 Aurivillius Compound For Multifunctional Applications, Mariana Castellanos

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Synthetic Amphiphiles As Antibiotic Potentiators, Helena Spikes

Dissertations

Antibiotic resistance has become a massive threat to modern medicine. Bacteria acquire resistance either through genetic mutations or mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids. The growing resistance crisis is exacerbated by over-prescription of antibiotics and improper use. As antimicrobial resistance becomes more widespread, superbugs (bacteria resistant to more than one class of drug) have evolved. Since few new drugs reach clinical trials and even fewer are approved by the FDA, we must find a way to make existing drugs more potent. One technique to accomplish this is by using combination therapy. By administering two or more drugs at a time, …

A Novel Ibuprofen Derivative And Its Complexes: Physicochemical Characterization, Dft Modeling, Docking, In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Studies, And Dna Interaction, Abbas M. Abbas, Ahmed Aboelmagd, Safaa M. Kishk, Hossam H. Nasrallah, W. Christropher Boyd, Haitham F. Kalil, Adel S. Orabi

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A novel derivative of ibuprofen and salicylaldehyde N '-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propane hydrazide (HL) was synthesized, followed by its complexation with Cu, Ni, Co, Gd, and Sm. The compounds obtained were characterized by (HNMR)-H-1, mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (DTA and TGA), conductivity measurements, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The results indicate that the complexes formed were [Cu(L)(H2O)]Cl center dot 2H(2)O, [Ni(L)(2)], [Co(L)(2)]center dot H2O, [Gd(L)(2)(H2O)(2)](NO3)center dot 2H(2)O and [Sm(L)(2)(H2O)(2)](NO3)center dot 2H(2)O. The surface characteristics of the produced compounds were evaluated by DFT calculations using the MOE environment. The docking was performed against the COX2 targeting protein (PDB code: 5IKT …

Sialidase Inhibitors With Different Mechanisms, Joseph M. Keil, Garrett R. Rafn, Isaac M. Turan, Majdi A. Aljohani, Reza Sahebjam-Atabaki, Xue-Long Sun

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Sialidases, or neuraminidases, are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of sialic acid (Sia)-containing molecules, mostly removal of the terminal Sia (desialylation). By desialylation, sialidase can modulate the functionality of the target compound and is thus often involved in biological pathways. Inhibition of sialidases with inhibitors is an important approach for under-standing sialidase function and the underlying mechanisms and could serve as a therapeutic approach as well. Transition-state analogues, such as anti-influenza drugs oseltamivir and zanamivir, are major sialidase inhibitors. In addition, difluoro-sialic acids were developed as mechanism-based sialidase inhibitors. Further, fluorinated quinone methide-based suicide substrates were reported. Sialidase product analogue …

Calanoid Copepods Of China Seas-Introduction And Acknowledgement, Chang-Tai Shih, Qing-Chao Chen, Yang-Chi Lan, Shih-Hui Hsiao, Chi-Yu Weng

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

No abstract provided.

Spatial Variation In Hard Bottom Coral Communities Of The Coastal West Florida Shelf, Nicole Blank, Sandra D. Brooke, Brian K. Walker

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Hard bottom coral and sponge communities differ along portions of the West Florida Shelf (WFS) in species occurrence, diversity, and/or size. However, the composition and spatial distribution of these communities are not well understood. Community transitions have been proposed in the central portion of the WFS around Tampa Bay, Cedar Key, and as far south as Charlotte Harbor, but supporting data are sparse. Fifteen sites in three regions of Florida were surveyed for species distribution, density, and demographics. Distinct communities were found between St Teresa, Hudson, and Tarpon Springs. Coral and sponge densities were highest off Tarpon Springs followed by …

Advancing The Portability, Field Of View, And Spatiotemporal Resolution Of Multi-Parametric Photoacoustic Microscopy, Fenghe Zhong

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Capable of structural, functional, molecular, and metabolic imaging with high spatial resolution in vivo, photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is an emerging tool in biomedical research. Further, recent advances in multi-parametric acquisition and analysis make PAM uniquely capable of simultaneously mapping the total concentration of hemoglobin (CHb), oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (sO2), and blood flow speed. However, there are multiple major limitations, including, the large footprint, low imaging speed, limited imaging contrast, and insufficient axial resolution, which impedance its applications in basic and translational research. In this dissertation, I presented potential solutions to overcome the limitations above.In the first part of this …

Synthesis And Anticancer Evaluation Of Novel Pyrazolo[1,5-A]Pyrimidines: Discovery Of A Novel Lead Compound With Selective Activities Against Vps34 And Jak1-Jh2 Pseudokinase, Reuben Dass

Theses and Dissertations

A library of 25 novel 3,6-disubstituted and 3-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines were synthesized using a microwave chemical reactor in 3 steps with a total reaction time of 1 hour. The products were obtained in good to excellent yields (20-93%, ave. = 62%). The synthesis began with the reaction of aryl acetonitriles with dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal (120C, 20 min), followed by treatment of the resulting 2-arylacrylonitrile with H2NNH2 • HBr (120C, 20 min). The intermediate 4-arylpyrazol-5-amine obtained was finally reacted with either 2-aryl-substituted malondialdehydes or 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (120C, 20 min) to give the final products. The products were either collected directly on a Buchner funnel or …

Synthetic Studies On Oxidative Dearomatization Reactions And Applications In Synthesis Of The Kb343 Core Structure, And Investigation Of Bioactive Thiazolidines, Marian Awadalla

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations - Archive

Natural products have inspired researchers over the years due to their complexity and biological activity. Organic chemists have made great efforts to investigate new unambiguous methodologies toward the synthesis of these complex structures. Moreover, the synergy between total chemical synthesis and medicinal applications to evaluate the biological activity of the isolated compounds significantly raised the desire for discovery of novel synthetic approaches. The research described in this dissertation focuses on oxidative dearomatization reactions as a key reaction to construct natural products. The three specific aims are as follows: Aim 1: investigation of the applications of oxidative dearomatization reactions for different …

Biological Interaction Of Mn-Based Nanomaterials With Capsicum Annuum L. Under Salinity Stress, Yuqing Ye

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The foliar application of nanomaterials as a method to overcome abiotic stress is relatively new compared to their use as fertilizers or pesticides in agricultural practice. It is also vital to understand the interface between leaf and nanomaterials, as nanomaterials might translocate into crop edible tissues, thus, causing potential toxicity in living beings during food consumption. In this dissertation, salt-stressed Capsicum annuum L was exposed to manganese (Mn) -based nanomaterials (Mn2O3 nanoparticles (MnNPs) and graphene quantum dots doped with Mn (GQD-Mn)) at different stages (seed germination and full life cycle). The dissertation focuses on investigating the mechanism of how Mn-based …

Conservation Genetics Of A Declining Bumble Bee In Western North America; The Influence Of Geography, Dispersal Limitation, And Anthopogenic Activity, Ashley T. Rohde

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Conservation biology addresses the problem of species loss by identifying species in need of protection. Conservation biology has subfields to address different aspects of biodiversity loss, including genetics and sociology. I used genetic approaches to assess the conservation status of western bumble bees, a bumble bee species of conservation concern.

The western bumble bee is a bumble bee species that ranges from Alaska to New Mexico and as far east as Wyoming and Colorado. This species is disappearing in some places. It may soon be listed as endangered in the United States and is already listed as endangered in parts …

Alkylthiocarbamate Metal Complexes With Antiproliferation Activity., Kritika Bajaj

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bis(thiosemicarbazones) (BTSCs) and their metal complexes have been extensively studied for various applications including catalysis for hydrogen evolution reactions, treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hypoxia imaging, and a wide range of pharmacological purposes including antitumor, antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal agents. The paramount property that makes BTSC metal complexes interesting for their use in these applications is the reduction potential of the coordinated metal, which can be selectively tuned by varying the substituents present on the ligand framework. Although the BTSCs have shown a great deal of success as potential cancer therapeutic agents, they lack selectivity towards cancer cells. For this matter, …

Heterogeneity Of Gene Trees, Jonathan Nenye Odumegwu Unm

Mathematics & Statistics ETDs

Multilocus phylogenetic studies often show a high degree of gene tree heterogeneity —gene trees that have different topologies from each other as well as from the species tree topology. In some cases, this can lead to studies with hundreds of loci having distinct gene tree topologies. The degree of heterogeneity is expected to increase when there is a high degree of incomplete lineage sorting due to short branches (as measured in coalescent units) in the species tree. Other potential sources of heterogeneity include other biological processes such as introgression, recombination within genes, ancestral population structure, gene duplication and loss, and …