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The Pest Animal Problem: Keynote Speech, W. C. Jacobsen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

There is an inscription across the top of the impressive facade of the National Archives Temple in Washington, D. 0., which reads: "What is Past is Prologue." So be it. Perhaps it applies to us here- At least the inscription furnishes a basis for me to indulge in a few com¬ments of historical significance as we undertake consideration of vertebrate pest control in its many phases. The earlier documents available to us reveal that with every expansion or westward advance into newer areas of agricultural production or livestock enterprises there also arose a variety of pest animal problems. However, it …

Methods Of Controlling Coyotes, Bobcats, And Foxes, Weldon B. Robinson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

In reviewing methods of predator control, it would first seem appropriate to define what is meant "by "methods" and what is meant by "control." Taking the last term first, control, as applied to the predatory coyotes, bobcats, and foxes, may be defined as regulating the numbers of these animals to the point where the economic losses for which they are responsible will be reduced to a practicable minimum. In some situations, area control, i.e., limiting the numbers of the offending predator over wide areas, may be necessary for satisfactory reduction of economic losses; in other situations, spot control or localized …

Wolf Control In British Columbia, Canada, G. A. West

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Up to 1949, the Fish and Game Branch employed personnel, some of whom were temporary, to attempt control of the extremely high wolf pop¬ulations of the central and northern portions of British Columbia. Coyotes were also very numerous in the central and southern regions and had to be considered because of their depredations. The field men were keen and conscientious but their efforts were not co-ordinated. Control areas were severely restricted in size as techniques were not adaptable enough and because of a lack of manpower. Eventually, sheepmen went out of business entirely over wide areas, cattlemen were subjected to …

Meeting The Meadow Mouse Menace, William D. Fitzwater

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

The orchardist has many ways to lose money but one of the best is to ignore his mouse problem. This apparently insignificant, short-tailed little rodent by his unobtrusive but systematic attacks on the growing tissue of trees can be very expensive. The Indiana Extension Horticulturist has stated that mice are the number one cause for orchardists going out of business in recent years in that State. Moreover, the problem is not a recent one as a questionnaire to county agricultural agents in 1924 (Davis, 1925) showed that field mice were even then considered a problem in 40 per cent of …

Ground Squirrel Control In California, Richard H. Dana

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

The control of ground squirrels in California is important in two ways. First, it is necessary to prevent destruction of agricultural crops. Second, it is important from a health standpoint where rodent-borne diseases have been demonstrated to be present. Ground squirrel control in this State is the responsibility of the county agricultural commissioners, the State Department of Agriculture and on Federal lands the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. Most control measures are concerned with but two of the nine species of ground squirrels found in California. These include four subspecies: Beechey ground squirrel (Citellus beecheyi beecheyi), Douglas ground squirrel …

Controlling Muskrats, Rollo E. Talbert

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Today damage attributed to muskrat activities occurs both to irrigation systems and waterways serving agricultural interests as well as to power company installations, waterfowl refuges and hunting clubs. Direct damage or destruction of agricultural crops is relatively minor although the muskrat is known to feed on a variety of produce including ear corn, alfalfa, clover and carrots and frequently will cut a rather wide swath of rice near water control boxes separating rice paddies. The brief activities of fur trappers appear to have little significance as applied to alleviating these losses, so we are forced to recognize that we will …

Linnets, Horned Larks, Crowned Sparrows And Woodpeckers, James W. Koehler

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

CALIFORNIA HOUSE FINCH Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis: Depredations. In California the linnet is an abundant resident throughout the State wherever food and water are available. It is most numerous on the valley floors and in the foothills where man's development has created an extensive favorable habitat. The linnet is primarily a seed eater and before the introduction of domestic fruits into California probably lived largely on weed seeds. Linnets attack the ripening fruit of the apricot, cherry, peach, pear, nectarine, plum, prune, avocado, grape, apple, fig, strawberry, blackberry, raspberry and many others. They disbud almond, apricot, pear, peach, plum, prune and …

Controlling Yellow-Billed Magpies (Pica Nuttalli), Rex Lynda Ii

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

The yellow-billed magpie is a little smaller than the American or black-billed magpie, but the difference in size is very slight. The birds look exactly alike, except one has a black beak and the other has a yellow bill and a bit of yellow skin back of the eye.There are concentrated populations in the Los Banos area, Gustine area, and along the course of the Merced River comprising about 19,100 acres. They are occasionally seen in other areas of the County, but only infrequently observed in the southwestern portion of the County. The heaviest populations are in walnut orchards, dairy …

Mole And Woodrat Control, Rex E. Marsh

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

MOLES: In regions where moles thrive, lawns in golf courses, parks, cemeteries and home yards are often made unsightly by dirt mounds and ridges pushed up by the active little animals. In cultivated land, moles may cause consider¬able economic loss through their burrowings. Mole control can be divided into six basic categories: exclusion, repellents, gases, toxic baits, reduction of food supply, and trapping. Un¬changed over the years, trapping is still considered the most reliable of all methods of control, however, under certain conditions or situations, the other methods of control may be extremely useful. WOOD RATS: The native wood rat …

Banquet Address: People, Pests And Some Plans, Daniel G. Aldrich Jr.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

We can probably say that the California way of farming has made California fanners the most over-run hosts to vertebrate pests in the agricultural world. We can certainly say, too, that new pests—and here I don't mean people--are on their way. I'm told that the starlings are just exploring here now. The relatives are coming later. We'll see, and hear, a lot more of them. Our problem is: How do we keep from being such good hosts to our small vertebrate guests? I have been told by experts that right now the vertebrate pest control man is woefully underequipped for …

Control Of Pocket Gophers, Maynard W. Cummings

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Pocket gophers occur only in North and Central America but within this vast area few other native rodent groups are more widely distributed (Anthony, 1928). None are more adaptable, either to natural extremes of habitat or to changed conditions brought about by agricultural development and other man-made environmental modifications. They occupy coastal areas, inland plains and valleys, desert and alpine meadow, from sea level to above timber line in a multitude of vegetation and soil types. This practically universal distribution has, of course, led to the recognition by naturalists of many species and subspecies. California alone contains at least 75 …

Methods Of Controlling Starlings And Blackbirds, Adolph Zajanc

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Most people have accepted the fact that all living things can be beneficial to mankind in some way or other. This is especially true of our wild birds, since they provide enjoyment and wholesome recreation for most of us, regardless of whether we live on farms or in the city. But despite the fact that wild birds are for the most part beneficial, at times individuals or populations of certain species can seriously affect man's interests. When such situations occur, some measures of relief are desirable and usually eagerly sought. This report is not intended to answer all the questions …

Control Of Meadow Mice, Kangaroo Rats, Prairie Dogs,, John A. Ludeman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Meadow mice, kangaroo rats, prairie dogs and cotton rats are broadly classified as field rodents. The control of their populations have been necessary since man first began to farm and raise livestock within the areas in which these rodents live. The intensity of control has varied with land values and the population fluctuation of the rodents. Rodent control, like other farming practices must be profitable to the land owner, or he cannot afford to undertake a control program. If he is to continue in business his control efforts must be done efficiently and as successfully as possible. To accomplish these …

Vertebrate Pest Control Conference: Contents

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Proceedings of a meeting held at Sacramento, California, February 6-7, 1962. Sponsored by National Pest Control Association, 250 West Jersey Street, Elizabeth, New Jersey, and California Vertebrate Pest Control Technical Committee.
GENERAL CHAIRMAN OF CONFERENCE: Walter E. Howard, Associate Vertebrate Ecologist, Field Station Administration, University of California, Davis, California

Bulletin No. 13: What's Happening Along Our Roadsides?, Richard H. Goodwin

Bulletins

Roadside spray practices in the National Forests, Recommended practices for Connecticu; Survey of what is actually happening. 24 pp.

Control Methods For Snakes, Elbert M. Brock, Walter E. Howard

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 1st (1962)

Of the various types of wildlife that home owners find undesirable, snakes are probably the leading offenders. Because of much false teaching, many persons have a great dread of even non-venomous snakes; hence control often is practiced when not needed. Nevertheless, very few people are willing to accept the presence of snakes in their gardens or their yards, especially if there is a concern for children playing in the area. For this reason snake control is often desirable about homes and suburban housing areas. Other situations where controls might be justified are recreation areas, farms, bird sanctuaries, duck nesting marshes, …

Select On Fleece Weight And Cull The Low Producers, W L. Mcgarry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

EFFICIENT calling of maiden ewes before they join the breeding flock is an essential part of any policy of flock improvement.

Removal of the low wool producers should be one of the first considerations when culling the flock.

A Survey Of The Waters Of The Cache National Forest, Utah, C.J. D. Brown

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The 1961-1962 Silage Competition, H G. Elliott

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FOR the past five years the Australian Dairy Produce Board Pasture Improvement Committee (W.A.) has sponsored a silage competition in the dairying areas.

Judging is done by the officers of the Dairy Division of the Department of Agriculture and prize money totalling £175 is awarded.

Cobalt : Its Use To Control Wasting Disease, Laurence C. Snook

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FOR many years it was assumed that in Western Australia cobalt deficient areas were restricted to a coastal fringe which rarely extended more than 20 miles inland.

This has proved a costly false assumption. During recent years cobalt deficiency has been diagnosed over extensive areas of inland country.

Molybdenum Deficiency On Lighter Soils, Edgar Noel Fitzpatrick

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WIDESPREAD occurrences of molybdenum deficiency of subterranean clover have been observed on sandy and gfravelly surfaced soils in recent years, and present indications are that molybdenum will join copper and zinc as a major trace element deficiency of many of these soils.

Trace Elements For Cereal Crops And Pastures, Edgar Noel Fitzpatrick

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TRACE element deficiencies are widespread in Western Australia and application of copper, zinc, molybdenum and cobalt have played a major part in land development in this State.

Research Officer E. N. Fitzpatrick, M.Sc. (Agric.) reviews recent Department of Agriculture research on the use of Trace elements for crop and pasture growth on deficient soils in Western Australia.

Water For Agriculture. 3. Watering Plants With Salty Water, Stanley Thomas Smith

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In Western Australia it is often necessary to use saline water for irrigation and gardening because of the lack of better water.

Two factors influence the results achieved. One is the selection of suitable plants, the other is the way in which the water is used.

Plan For The Pilbara, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A DOUBLE-BARRELLED plan for pasture regeneration and vermin control put into action by the Department of Agriculture this year gives promise for the rehabilitation of the run-down pastoral country in the rugged Pilbara region of Western Australia.

A Middle Miocene Rhinoceros Quarry In Morrill County, Nebraska (With Notes On Hip Disease In Diceratherium), Robert M. Stecher, C. Bertrand Schultz, Lloyd G. Tanner

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

Extensive deposits of fossil rhinoceros bones have been excavated from University of Nebraska State Museum collecting localities Mo-113, -114, -115, -116, and -118 some 8 1/2 to 9 1/2 miles north of Bridgeport, Morrill County, Nebraska. The fossils were associated with other faunal elements in the lower portion of the Marsland formation (middle Miocene) of the Hemingford group. The rhinoceros is considered to be Diceratherium niobrarensis Peterson, geologic variety. A pathologic right femur of D. niobrarensis provides evidence of hip disease in the medial Miocene rhinoceroses.

Early Records Of Some Mammals From Nebraska, J. Knox Jones Jr.

Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)

Ten species of Recent mammals that formerly occurred in Nebraska have been extirpated there by European man. Surprisingly few specimens of the species concerned are preserved in museum collections. Perusal of a representative segment of the historical literature pertaining to Nebraska has revealed records of occurrence of most of the extirpated species that provide a basis for estimating the former distribution of each in the State.

A Study Of The Behavior Of Zirconium In Aqueous Solutions And The Separation Of Radioactive Zirconium By Electrodialysis, Charles William Brauer Jr.

Masters Theses

"Nuclear reactor installations designed for power production must of necessity operate at higher energy levels than their experimental precursors. As these facilities increase in number, better solutions must be found for both technical and economic problems.

The disposal of waste materials is of primary importance and will require greater effort if satisfactory disposal methods are to keep pace with the increase of waste materials, produced by the increasing number of new nuclear facilities. The radioactive materials present in this waste material may constitute a valuable by-product from these operations if suitable and economic recovery procedures are developed. If the development …

Growth Study Of Young Gizzard Shad, George Pahl, Gordon Willfahrt

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

This investigation was part of a general study aimed at shedding light upon the role of the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) as a forage fish of certain game fish species. Recent changes in the populations of such game fish species as the walleye ( Stizastedion vitreum), northern pike ( Esox lucius) , and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in the upper Mississippi River suggest that the gizzard shad population might have an important bearing on the present situation. The purpose of this investigation was to study the growth rates of the gizzard shad in the Upper Mississippi River during their first …

Soft Water For Dairy Cleaning, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

CLEAN utensils are essential for the production of high quality dairy products.

Cleanliness of dairy equipment depends a lot on how efficiently the detergent can do its job.

Water For Agriculture. 1. Water For Agricultural Purposes In Western Australia, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE total soluble salts content of a water is the most important characteristic in determining the suitability of Western Australian waters for stock, irrigation or general use.

Other quality characteristics are of secondary importance.