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The Prairie Naturalist Volume 22, No. 2. June 1990

The Prairie Naturalist

Paul B. Kannowski, Editor

Nikki R. Seabloom, Assistant Editor

Douglas H. Johnson, Book Review Editor

CONTENTS

BREEDING BIOLOGY OF THE BLACK-TAILED PRAIRIE DOG IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. W. Seabloom and P. W. Theisen

PATTERNS OF RESOURCE USE IN A LIZZARD COMMUNITY IN THE NEBRASKA SAND HILLS PRAIRIE ▪ R. E. Ballinger, S. M. Jones, and J. W. Nietfeldt

A THIRTEEN-YEAR SURVEY OF THE APHIDOPHAGOUS INSECTS OF ALFALFA ▪ N. C. Elliott and R. W. Kieckhefer

STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION OF PLAINS SHARP-TAILED GROUSE IN COLORADO ▪ A. W. Hoag and C. E. Braun

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - …

Quality Assurance Studies For Collection Of Whole Air Samples In Stainless Steel Canisters, For Volatile Organic Compound Determinations, Weifang Ji

Theses

Internally polished stainless steel canisters are being used in many laboratories to collect whole air samples for VOC analysis. The replacement of adsorbents for collection and concentration of VOC by canister collection, with in-laboratory cryogenic concentration, may solve some problems associated with adsorbents, such as artifact generation and breakthrough. However, the canisters can be a source of new problems, ranging from wall adsorption to memory effects.

In this work, four major contamination sources in the whole air sampling and analyzing system have been identified. They are the canister internal adsorption, the whole system transfer line, the air pump and the …

Chemical Degradation Of Pcp And Polychlorophenols, Kon-Tsu Kin

Theses

There are generally two ways of removing PCP and polychlorophenols from the environment: biodegradation and photodecomposition. However, no convenient way has yet been available to destroy PCP wastes which exist in a concentrated form which may result from some cases of emergency spills. In this thesis, a chemical oxidation procedure is proposed for the destruction of PCP and polychlorophenols.

In a water medium and in the presence of base and oxidant, the PCP and model polychlorophenols destruction percentage obtained is higher than 99.8%. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) are utilized as the bases, and sodium hypochlorite …

Removal Of Nitric Oxide From Flue Gas With Ferrous Cysteine Solutions, Chun-Chiao Chou

Theses

The removal of NO from flue gas with aqueous ferrous cysteine solution as the reducing agent was discovered by S. G. Chang et al. (1988), at University of California, Berkeley. The purpose of this research is to extend the experimental works done by Chang et al., and to find methods to minimize the problems associated with the sensitivity of the medium to oxygen gas and emission of nitrous oxide, a greenhouse gas. The main objective was to determine the feasibility of using ferrous cysteine in the treatment of NOx emissions from incinerators. In the present study, it was found that …

X-Ray Powder Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy And Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Studies Of Soil Containing Chromium Immobilized By Microwave Treatment, Nagui Ibrahim

Theses

The orientation of soil contaminants such as chromium is altered during microwave heating. The SEM and EDS were utilized in the study. The nature of the orientation is related to the heating time. This results in immobilizing the contaminant in leaching tests. The non-leachibility was related to the reactivity of the chromium salt with the soil hematite phase (Fe2O3) during the microwaving. This was proved By the X-ray diffraction analysis. The spectrums obtained from 30 and 60 minutes microwaved samples were identical in the crystal phases and were significantly different from the contaminated unheated sample.

Input Data Pattern Encoding For Neural Net Algorithms, Hyeoncheol Kim, George Winston Zobrist

Computer Science Technical Reports

First, a brief overview of neural networks and their applications are described, including the BAM (Bidirectional Associative Memory) model.

A bucket-weight-matrix scheme is proposed, which is a data pattern encoding method that is necessary to transform a set of real-world numbers into neural network state numbers without losing the pattern property the set has. The scheme is designed as a neural net so that it can be combined with other data processing neural nets. The net itself can be used as a bucket-sorting net also. This shows that traditional data structure problems can be an area that neural networks may …

A Lexical Extension Of Montague Semantics, William C. Purdy

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

This paper presents a model theory of lexical semantics that is compatible with theories in the Montagovian tradition. Lexical expressions are modeled as subsets or “subspaces” in a “semantic spaces”. A unique representation is defined for subspaces of the semantic space. This unique representation is called the "normal form" of the lexical denotation. A Boolean algebra of normal forms is developed, in which lexical entailment is Boolean inclusion. The presentation in the body of the paper is informal, making use of examples to illustrate the theory and to indicate the range of applicability. Formal definitions and proofs in support of …

A Neural Network Simulator For The Connnection Machine, N. Asokan, Ravi V. Shankar, Chilukuri K. Mohan, Kishan Mehrotra, Sanjay Ranka

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

In this paper we describe the design, development, and performance of a neural network simulator for the Connection Machine (CM)3. The design of the simulator is based on the Rochester Connectionist Simulator(RCS). RCS is a simulator for connectionist networks developed at the University of Rochester. The CM simulator can be used as a stand-alone system or as a high-performance parallel back-end to RCS. In the latter case, once the network has been built by RCS, the high-performance parallel back-end system constructs an equivalent network on the CM processor array and executes it. The CM simulator facilitates the exploitation of the …

Advanced Displacement Exam, Robert Messer

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

No abstract provided.

Determination Of The Suitability Of Arkansas River Water For Municipal, Industrial And Agricultural Use: Volume 3 Treatability Study, Steven M. Jones, Steven G. Burghart, James W. Moore

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Volume III of the overall report for the project to determine the suitability of the Arkansas River for municipal, agricultural and industrial water supplies contains the treatability data. These data include the results of the granular activated carbon, ozonation and packed tower aeration studies. The research project was conducted under contract with the Arkansas Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Funding was provided by the Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Protection Agency, the City of Little Rock, Rockefeller Foundation and the Ozark Society. Additionally, the U.S. Geological Survey contributed financially by matching the cost of sample collection. The City of Little …

Fisheries Research Report No 88 - A Synopsis Of The Biology And The Exploitation Of The Australiasian Pilchard, Sardinops Neopilchardus (Steindachner) Part 1: Biology, W. J. Fletcher

Fisheries Research Reports

There have been a large number of studies which relate to the biology and exploitation of the Australian pilchard, Sardinops neopilchardus. Much of the data, however, are located in journals which are hard to obtain, or in unpublished reports, and theses. With the increase in catch of pil­chards, particularly in Western Australia, a collation of all the available knowledge pertaining to pilchards in Australia and New Zealand was desired to help with the planning of future research into the Western Australian stocks of this species. This report contains all the information located on the biology of Sardinops neopilchardus, a companion …

Hawaiians Fight For The Rainforest, Paul Faulstich

Pitzer Faculty Publications and Research

On March 25, 141 were arrested as part of the largest demonstration yet against the drilling of geothermal wells in the Wao Kele O Puna Rainforest on the Big Island of Hawaii. The geothermal project, undertaken by True Geothermal Company and endorsed by Hawaii's governor and other high-powered, short-sighted people, has already invaded the largest intact tropical lowland rainforest in the United States. The demonstration drew over 1500 protesters,

The Probe, Issue 101 - May/June 1990

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Contents:
APHIS Activity Report
Reading Material
Letters to the Editor
Personnel
Practical Tips from the Field
All the News that’s Print to Fit
Editorial
New Academic Endeavor
Graduate Assistantships in ADM

Interactions Between Plains Pocket Gophers And Two Varieties Of Dryland Alfalfa, James C. Luchsinger

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Monofilament Lines To Prevent Damage By Birds, Danilo A. Aguero

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

Enhancement And Monitoring Of The Procambarus Clarkii Population In Lake Mead, Mikell Beth Hager

Publications (WR)

Procambarus clarkii are found in extremely low numbers throughout Lake Mead, AZ-NV. The crayfish are an important dietary component for game fish. Enhancement of the crayfish population would broaden the fishery forage base. Crayfish were stocked and monitored in a study cove on Saddle Island to determine if the Procambarus clarkii population could be enhanced. A trapping survey of the area after the following reproductive season yielded low numbers of crayfish. A comparison of pre-stocking and post-stocking catch per trap day (CPTD) values revealed no significant increase in the population. Procambarus clarkii growth is limited by environmental factors in Lake …

The Effect Of Seasonal Cattle Grazing On California Bighorn Sheep Habitat Use, Melanie J. Steinkamp

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of seasonal cattle grazing on a newly reintroduced population of California bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana) in Big Cottonwood Canyon, Idaho, was studied. The hypothesis that bighorn sheep avoid cattle was tested. The issue of avoidance between bighorn sheep and livestock is arguable. Some studies have found that bighorn sheep avoid cattle while others have found no response of bighorn sheep to cattle.

Evidence was found to document the avoidance of cattle by bighorn sheep. The size of the bighorn's home range and core area decreased with the movement of cattle into areas of high bighorn …

A Descriptive Study Of Range Livestock Operations In The Somali Central Rangelands, Abdinasir M. Abdulle

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Information on livestock operations, particularly what kind of livestock operations are practiced in the Somali central rangelands, and how these operations differ for different herders in different vegetation types and farming systems, could serve as a major tool in making management decisions. This study provides a detailed description of range livestock operations in the Somali Central Rangelands. It also answers some important management questions.

Range livestock operations were inventoried through personal interviews with the owners and herders. Data are supplemented by previous nation-wide and regional survey statistics. Herd productivity data which include herd structures, age, age-related sales, slaughters, gifts, and …

The Effects Of Disease, Prey Fluctuation, And Clear-Cutting On American Marten In Newfoundland, Canada, Richard J. Fredrickson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Individual variation in survival and behavior of American marten (Martes americana) was studied in relation to disease, prey fluctuation, and clear-cutting from 10 January 1986 through 20 August 1987 in Newfoundland, Canada. Thirty-seven of forty marten captured on the study area were telemetered and monitored for part or all of the study.

Marten mortality was concentrated in two intervals, fall 1986 and late winter 1987. Mortality during fall 1986 was attributable to encephalitis, while marten deaths during late winter 1987 resulted from predation and starvation attributable to the prey decline. Nonsuppurative encephalitis was first detected 7 October 1986; …

The Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science April 20-21, 1990 [Program, 102nd Meeting], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Program Summary --- 5
General Session Speakers --- 9
Awards --- 12
Distinguished Fellow --- 12
Distinguished Service --- 13, 14
Symposia Programs --- 15
Poster Session --- 17
Campus Map --- Centerfold
Section Programs --- 22
Agricultural Sciences --- 22
Anthropology --- 25
Botany --- 26
Cellular & Molecular Biology --- 28
Chemistry, Inorganic --- 30
Chemistry, Organic --- 34
Conservation --- 37
Earth Science Teaching --- 39
Elementary Science Teaching --- 40
Engineering --- 42
Geology --- 47
Linguistics --- 48
Nursing --- 49
Physics --- 50
Physiology --- 53
Psychology --- 54
Science Teaching --- 56 …

Iowa Academy Of Science Position Paper On The Issue Of Animal Rights, Iowa Academy Of Science

Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Chloroplast And Mitochondrial: Dna Polymerases From Cultured Soybean Cells, Sabine Heinhorst, Gordon C. Cannon, Arthur Weissbach

Faculty Publications

DNA polymerases were purified from chloroplasts and mitochondria of cultured Glycine max cells. The chloroplast enzyme exists in two forms which are indistinguishable from each other biochemically. All three organellar enzymes have an estimated molecular weight of 85,000 to 90,000 and prefer poly(rA)dT12-18 over activated DNA as a template in vitro. Maximum activity of the chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA polymerases requires KCI and a reducing agent, and the enzymes are completely resistant to inhibitors of DNA polymerase a. Taken together, these properties classify the soybean organellar enzymes as DNA polymerases y. A unique feature that distinguishes the plant enzymes from …

Diagnostics Software For Concurrent Processing Computer Systems, Robert L. Jones Iii

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Diagnostics software for analyzing ATAMM based concurrent processing systems is presented in this thesis. ATAMM (Algorithm to Architecture Mapping Model) is a new model developed by researchers at Old Dominion University and the NASA-Langley Research Center. ATAMM is capable of modeling the execution of large grain algorithms on distributed data flow architectures. Investigating a real or simulated ATAMM based system requires the aid of software tools. The software tool presented in this thesis can evaluate the behavior and performance of an ATAMM based system. The tool graphically portrays algorithm activities and processor activities. The tool's measurement capabilities indicate computing speed, …

The Second International Conference On Expert Systems For Numerical Computing, John R. Rice, Robert Vichnevetsky, Elias N. Houstis

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Alternatives To Fisher's "Exact Test" For Analyzing 2 X 2 Tables With Small Cell Sizes, Richard M. Engeman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Rice (1988a) presents an interesting test for analyzing 2 X 2 contingency tables in the smaller sample size situations. His motivation was to provide an alternative to Fisher's "exact test" and his rationale was based on the application of a prior distribution to the probability of a success, 0, under the null hypothesis. We would like to briefly comment on these aspects of his paper and also discuss another alternative that was proposed a number of years ago.

Warfarin Resistance Of Rattus Tiomanicus In Oil Palms In Malaysia And The Associated Increase Of Rattus Diardii, B. J. Wood, G. F. Chung

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Rattus tiomanicus is a serious pest of oil palm plantations in Peninsular Malaysia, feeding on the ripening fruit. R. diardii is a rat of human habitations and has been only an occasional field species, presumably because it cannot compete with better adapted species. A widely used control for R. tiomanicus of proven effectiveness uses maize-based baits containing warfarin at 0.05% in 2 cm³ (14.5 g) wax-bound cubes. These are applied in campaigns at one per palm, replaced on 4 daily rounds, until acceptance has declined to 20%. This "standard method" is applied at about 6-month intervals, and …

Politics And Economics Of Maintaining Pesticide Registrations, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Roger W. Bullard, Craig A. Ramey

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) was amended in 1988 to require the reregistration of all pesticides registered before 1984 within 9 years. The FIFRA 88 required that all pesticide active ingredients must meet current registration standards, suspended the previous fee structure, and imposed a one-time registration fee and annual maintenance fees. New data generated because of FIFRA 88 must conform to EPA's Good Laboratory Practice Standards and animal studies must follow guidelines of the Animal Welfare Act. FIFRA 88 has significantly increased data requirements, data costs, and other pesticide registration and reregistration costs for most pesticides. The …

Visualization Of Surfaces In Four-Dimensional Space, Christoph M. Hoffmann, Jianhua Zhou

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Evolution Of Vertebrate Pest Management--The Species Versus Systems Approach, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

Wildlife management has evolved through a series of stages, with early efforts directed toward individual species. Since the late 1800s, however, more wildlife applications have incorporated a systems approach, where communities are managed to promote the quality, quantity, and fitness of most associated species. Vertebrate pest management has followed a similar course of development, although it has lagged behind in addressing the concept of systems management. I propose that a systems approach to vertebrate pest management should include the consideration of all potential problem species of an area or situation and should integrate damage prevention and control strategies that minimize …

A Review Of Falconry As A Bird-Hazing Technique, William A. Erickson, Rex E. Marsh, Terrell P. Salmon

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 14th (1990)

The use of trained falcons and hawks for dispersing pest birds has been mainly limited to airports in Europe and, to a lesser extent, in North America to prevent bird/aircraft strikes. The peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and the goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) are the raptors used most often. These trained birds can effectively disperse gulls (Larus spp. ) and a variety of other pest bird species, although other bird-scaring methods are often equally or more effective and economical. Because of the scarcity of trained raptors and handlers, their use is limited to special situations such as …