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Faunistic Study In The Karst Complex Of Frasassi (Genga, Italy), Roberto Bertolani, Gian Carlo Manicardi, Lorena Rebecchi

International Journal of Speleology

The cave fauna of the karst complex of Frasassi (Genga. Ancona, Italy), which includes a tourist attraction, was surveyed to provide detailed information on the hypogean animal populations. Indeed, for this area, only sporadic and limited studies are known in the literature to date. The bat populations, recently analyzed by Bassi and Fabbri (1986-87), were excluded from our study. Ten collection campaigns were carried out in 12 different caves, including the tourist site, over a span of two years. Three caves were considered in all the collections and the others only on one or two occasions. The animals were captured …

Iowa Academy Of Science Directory, 1994-95, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Board of Directors ... 3
Program Directors ... 4
Editors ... 6
Committees ... 8
Sections ... 21
ISTS Regional Directors ... 36
Awards of Merit ... 28
Excellence in Science Teaching Awards ... 29
Past Presidents ... 30
Membership Roster ... 31

Visualisation Of Inshore Marine Water Depth Data, Karen Powell

Theses : Honours

The literature review performed as part of this Project concentrated on two objectives. The first objective was the identification of techniques applicable to the visualisation of the inshore marine water depth data obtained from the Department of Marine & Harbours (M&H). The second objective involved examining how colour is best used within data visualisation. The experimentation investigated a simple method for interpreting movement between depth surveys undertaken by M&H. Although it achieved the objective of creating a longer and smoother animation, it was concluded that the movement of the harbour floor was not accurately represented. The Project applied an optical …

Life Cycle And Population Ecology Of The Cave Cricket Dolichopoda Geniculata (Costa) From Valmarino Cave (Central Italy), Glanmaria Carchini, Mauro Rampini, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

A D. geniculata population inhabiting a natural cave at low altitude near seashore was followed during two years. The population size, distribution in three age classes, spatial distribution, feeding habits were recorded. The life-cycle was found semivoltine, with overlaps between next choorts in each age class. A comparison to other Dolichopoda showed that the population of Valmarino cave is one of the best adapted to cave life, and this may be related with both historical and present geographical and ecological conditions of the cave.

Ecoregions And Subregions Of Iowa: A Framework For Water Quality Assessment And Management, Glenn E. Griffith, James M. Omernik, Thomas F. Wilton, Suzanne M. Pierson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Ecoregion frameworks are valuable tools for inventorying and assessing environmental resources, for setting resource management goals, and for developing biological criteria and water quality standards. In a collaborative project between the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), we have refined boundaries of the EPA's five ecological regions of Iowa and defined six subregions of the Western Corn Belt Plains ecoregion within the state. Lists of candidate stream reference sites have been developed to date for the seven largest regions, and the sites were visited and evaluated by Iowa DNR and U.S. EPA personnel …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Post-Natal Survival Of Raccoons In Relation To Female Age And Denning Behavior, Jonathan J. Judson, William R. Clark, Ronald D. Andrews

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

We measured post-natal survival of radio-collared raccoons 1-5 months old in southwest Iowa, 1988-1989. We compared survival of young nurtured by yearling and adult females and related den site selection to survival functions using proportional hazards models. Adult females used upland and farmstead habitats note frequently than yearlings, whereas yearling females used lowland habitats note frequently. Tree cavities and beds on the ground were used most frequently. Adult females denned in buildings 13% of the time and in holes in the ground 9.5% of the time, whereas yearlings frequently tested with litters in beds on the ground (31%). Microhab1tat characteristics …

Further Evidence Of Lead Contamination Of Omaha Skeletons, A. Mohamad Ghazi, Karl J. Reinhard, Mary Anne Holmes, Eric M. Durrance

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

A previous analysis of Omaha skeletons dating between A.D. 1780 and 1820 revealed the presence of lead in all skeletons with high concentrations in children and adult males (Reinhard and Ghazi [1992] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 89: 183-195). Two likely explanations for the high lead levels were presented: 1) metabolic absorption of lead and 2) diagenetic uptake of lead by the bones from postmortem application of pigments to the corpse. Two types of lead were available to the Omaha tribe: 1) Mississippi Valley type, and 2) non-Mississippi Valley type. It has been suggested that red-lead pigment mixed with mercury sulfide …

Towards Regressive Evolution: The Periodic Colour Change Behaviour Of A Troglophilic Fish Nemacheilus Evezardi (Day), Rohit K. Pradhan, Jayant Biswas

International Journal of Speleology

Present study is an attempt to know the existence of colour change physiology of the cave fish Nemacheilus evezardi (Day) along a circadian time scale. Though, due to subterranean mode of life, practically this function has no survival value. The study has been conducted simultaneously in two different photoperiodic conditions (LD 00: 24 and LD 12:12 hr). The variation in different states of chromatophore has been computed with respect to different time points of the day. Results suggest that the phenomenon is lying completely disturbed in its in situ conditions. Interestingly, circadian rhythm in all the types of chromatophores were …

Management Of Some Unusual Features In The Show Caves Of The United States, Jeanne Gurnee

International Journal of Speleology

Protection of the unusual features in some of the 200 show caves of the U.S. have required innovative management. The sea caves of both the east and west coasts present the need for special preservation methods. Throughout the nation sometimes glass enclosures, vehicles and boats are used to separate visitors from sensitive cave features. Lighting and cleaning techniques have been studied and altered to discourage growth of algae. Some show caves are protected by double glass entrance and exit doors. Many caves, particularly on public lands, are closed during the hibernation period of endangered bats. In a number of caves, …

Some Remarks On The Genus Microcharon Karaman In Greece, And Description Of M. Agripensis N. Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Microparasellidae), Diana M. P. Galassi, Paola De Laurentiis, Giuseppe L. Pesce

International Journal of Speleology

Several samples of microparasellid isopods of the genus Microcharon Karaman were obtained in groundwater habitats of Greece. Four species are identified, and taxonomical and zoogeographical remarks on some rare or poorly known taxa are made. One species, herein described as Microcharon agripensis n. sp., is new to Science. M. latus prespensis Karaman, 1954, on account of the different morphology of the first and second male pleopods, and its partially overlapping distribution, in respect to M. latus Karaman, 1934, is definitively raised at specific rank. Supplementary descriptions and illustrations are reported for incompletely described species such as M. latus, M. …

A New Species Of Troglobius (Collembola, Paronellidae) From Brazil, José G. Palacios-Vargas, Douglas Zeppelini

International Journal of Speleology

Troglobius brasiliensis n. sp. from two caves of Brazil is described and illustrated.

A Partial "Squeezing Theorem" For A Particular Class Of Many-Valued Logics, Stephen Michael Walk

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The problem to be studied for this thesis was that of whether the usual statement calculus is a suitable formal system for every many-valued logic in a particular collection of logics. The logics in question are those that fall between the usual two-valued logic and a modified form of the Lukasiewicz-Tarski three-valued logic.

Since this betweenness relationship was an original concept and appeared nowhere in the literature, the first goal in the research plan was to define this relationship precisely. Preliminary concepts included truth value mapping and forgivingness of logics, concepts that, like betweenness, are original to this paper and …

Tolerance Of Bitter Compounds By An Herbivore, Cavia Porcellus, Dale L. Nolte, J. Russell Mason, Stanley Lewis

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Many plant defensive chemicals are bitter to humans. Because of this taste characteristic, and because bitter compounds are often toxic, such substances, and the plants that contain them, are regarded as generally unpalatable to wildlife. These assumptions may be unwarranted. To test the hypothesis that herbivores are indifferent to 'bitter' tastants, we investigated the responsiveness of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) to denatonium benzoate, denatonium saccharide, limonene, L-phenylalanine, naringin, quebracho, quinine, Ro-Pel (a commercial animal repellent containing denatonium saccharide) and sucrose octaacetate. Only quinine and sucrose octaacetate slightly but significantly reduced feeding (P < 0.05). Our findings are inconsistent with the notion that herbivores generally avoid what humans describe as bitter tastes.

Incorporating Local Community Attitudes, Beliefs And Values, Into Coastal Zone Management Solutions: A Case Study Samana Bay, Dominican Republic, Jennifer Mccann

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The purpose of this research is to identify the attitudes, beliefs and values of the local Samana people concerning the Samana Bay marine resources and then integrate these results into suggestions for improving coastal zone management. This information will be of use for project development by the Washington, D.C. based non-profit organization the Center for Marine Conservation (CMC) and the Dominican non-profit organization Center for the Conservation and Eco Development for Samana Bay and its Surroundings (CEBSE) as well as for the regional biosphere reserve management plan. The first objective of the research is to provide a socioeconomic description of …

A Marina Leasing Proposal For The State Of Rhode Island, William A. Archambault

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This thesis examines whether Rhode Island has the authority to lease marinas their submerged lands, and if so, is the fee structure of the CRMC's proposed plan equitable to marinas in the State? The thesis determined that under the powers of the Public Trust Doctrine, Rhode Island has the right to implement a marina leasing program, but implementation of a program may prove to be problematic for the State. The thesis identified that the CRMC's proposed lease rate would be inequitable to marinas in Rhode Island. Marinas subject to the CRMC program would pay the same lease fee per slip, …

The Arctic Environmental Protection Strategy: A Comparison With The Approach Of The Unep Regional Seas Programme, Vinton Valentine

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In the past two decades, there has been a rise in the number of multilateral regional agreements for marine environmental protection. A large proportion of these regional agreements are the result of the United Nations Environment Programme's (UNEP) Regional Seas Programme. While there are thirteen regional seas under the Programme, the Arctic Ocean is not, and never was, one of them. In describing concerns regarding the Arctic environment and approaches to handle them, a number of commentators have proposed the application of UNEP Regional Seas Programme approach to the Arctic region. However, despite an attempt from the Inuit Circumpolar Conference …

The Persian Gulf Oil Spill: A Case Study Of Emerging International Law On Environmental Damages During Hostilities, Esther J. Mcclure

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the 1991 Persian Gulf War, the retreating Iraqis caused the deliberate discharge of six million barrels of oil into the shallow waters of the Persian Gulf. The immediate impact on the ecosystem was dramatic, and, because of the intense media coverage of the conflict, highly visible to the American public. The spill popularized the term 'ecoterrorism' and raised serious questions about the applicability of international law to the situation. There are numerous conventions that seek to establish standards of due diligence for the prevention of accidental pollution and to impose civil liability on those who damage the environment, but …

Speleothems As Proxy For The Carbon Isotope Composition Of Atmospheric Co2, M. Baskaran, R. V. Krishnamurthy

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

We have measured the stable isotope ratios of carbon in a suite of recent cave deposits (<200 >years) from the San Saba County, Texas, USA. The methodology for dating these deposits using excess ²¹⁰Pb was recently established [Baskaran and Iliffe, 1993]. The carbon isotope ratios of these samples, spanning the time period ∼1800–1990 AD, reflect the carbon isotope ratio of atmospheric CO₂ for the same period. The pathways by which the δ¹³C of atmospheric CO₂ is imprinted on these speleothems can be explained using a model developed by Cerling (1984). The results suggest that the …

Twenty-Five Year History Of The Kansas Coyote Damage Control Program, F. Robert Henderson

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In the 1968 legislative session, an appropriate was made to Kansas State University to hire a predator and rodent control specialist. I was hired for this position on July 1, 1968. During August, 1968, I traveled to Missouri and spent a week working with Mr. Bob Smith, a long-time employee of the Missouri Conservation Department's Extension-Trapper program. He taught me how to teach people to trap coyotes.

State Program In Sotuh Dakota For Wildlife Damge Management, Emmett J. Keyser

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In recent years, wildlife professionals have become increasingly more convinced that wildlife-damage programs must be integrated into existing wildlife management structures if both are to succeed in their missions. South Dakota has managed a state-run Animal Damage Control Program through the Department of Game, Fish and Parks since 1974.

Utah State University's Berryman Institute For Wildlife Damage Management, Robert H. Schmidt, Michael R. Conover

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In 1990, the College of Natural Resources at Utah State University established a program dedicated to research, education, and extension in wildlife damage management (Schmidt et al. 1992a). This program was initiated with funding from the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control (ADC) program and Utah State University.

Pred-X Field Test Results, R.A. Field, J.E. Nel

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

During the spring and summer of 1992, a number of sheep producers used Pred-X ear tags to guard against predation by coyotes. We were able to contact 20 of these producers through the help of the Wyoming Wool Growers Association, county agents and companies who sold the tags. Sheep producers in other states also used the tags and we were able to contact 21 of these producers through the cooperation of the American Sheep Industry Association whose representatives printed a short letter and a survey form in the October 1992 National Wool Grower Magazine. Phone calls were made to many …

Status Of M-44 Device, Charles D. Lee

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The purpose of this paper is to report on the current status of M-44 (sodium cyanide) capsule and its use. I have included information received from other states and entities that have a registration for M-44s, included some historical information concerning the M-44 program and the current source of supplies.

Methyl Anduanilate Formulations To Repel Birds From Water At Airports And Food At Landfills, Richard A. Dolbeer, Jerrold L. Belant, Larry Clark

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

Bird strikes to aircraft are of increasing concern to the aviation community (BSCE 1990). One factor contributing to strikes is that gulls and other bird species often flock to temporary pools of fresh water at airports after heavy rains (Blokpoel 1976). Another factor is the location of waste disposal facilities near airports which gulls and other bird species use as a food source (Burger and Gochfeld 1983, Greig et al. 1986). The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration issued Order 5200.5 in 1974 to prohibit waste disposal sites within 10,000 ft (3,000 m) of runways used by turbine-powered aircraft. This order was …

The Evolutionary Relationships Of The Skunks To Each Other And The Rest Of The Weasels; With A Note On Behavioral Idiosyncrasies, Jerry W. Dragoo

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I will discuss four aspects of my current research with respect to skunks. The first concerns the recognition and conservation of potentially endangered populations of hog-nosed skunks. The second pertains to the evolutionary relationships among the three genera of skunks, based on genetic data. The third aspect also is based on molecular data, and is a study of the relationship of the skunks to the rest of the Mustelidae (weasels). Finally, I will discuss some of the behavioral idiosyncrasies I have observed in my endeavors to obtain skunk specimens.

Public Perceptions Of Wildlife Encounters In The Omaha, Nebraska, Metropolitan Area, Dennis M. Ferraro, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

We conducted this study to determine (1) the occurrence of human-wildlife interaction in the greater Omaha, Nebraska metropolitan area, (2) variations in interactions among urban habitat types, (3) the actions that people take in response to urban wildlife encounters, and (4) information channels that the public in this area uses to gain advice concerning wildlife management. Based on this information we plan to improve assistance criteria, educational materials, and programs relative to urban audiences.

Bears, Ostriches, And Specialized Grazing: Putting Guanding Dogs To Work, Jeffrey S. Green, Roger A. Woodruff

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

In this paper, we highlight three examples of using guarding dogs that, for various reasons, are somewhat different from the typical sheep-predator scenario.

Prospects For The Future In Animal Damage Control, Donald Hawthorne

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

I am pleased to be here to address a subject that is very special to many of us, one to which I have devoted my entire career. Animal damage control is a controversial component of wildlife management. In the late 1960's and early 70's, many wildlife practitioners tried to divorce themselves from animal damage control activities. In recent years, however, management of wildlife damage is viewed by many as a vital and integral part of wildlife management, whether to protect human interests and safety or to save an endangered species.

Prairie Vole Damage Control In No-Till Corn And Soybean, Ron A. Hines

Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings

The prairie vole (Microtus ochragaster) is the primary rodent that reduces no-till crop plant stands in Southern Illinois. Because the vole requires a full canopy cover for protection from predators, established grass or legume sod fields and field borders (including wheat or rye stubble, set-aside and cover crop seedings) provide an ideal habitat for the development of a very high population of this rodent. In fields that have had the vegetative cover maintained for more than one year prior to planting no-till corn, plant stand reductions can reach 80 to 100 percent in intense (more than 30 per …