Digital Commons Network^™

Active Ingredients In Aphis's Vertebrate Pesticides - Use And Reregistration Status, Craig A. Ramey, Edward W. Schaffer Jr., Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Steven D. Palmateer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) re-registration process has had an extensive impact on the Animal Damage Control Program administered by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of USDA. Specifically, the 1988 Amendment to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act required a comprehensive reevaluation of pesticide safety; nearly 500 data submissions have been requested by EPA from APHIS to maintain its federal (Section 3) and state (Section 24(c)) low volume minor use vertebrate pesticide registrations. These registrations are used to control damage to American agricultural resources, mitigate losses to selected wildlife species, and reduce threats to public health …

Laboratory And Field Assessment Of A Carbon Monoxide Producing Fumigant Cartridge For Use In The Control Of Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus), R.J.C. Page

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Fumigation is the most effective method of rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) control available in the United Kingdom. Use of current methods, involving formulations that generate hydrogen cyanide (HCN) or phosphine (PH₃) on exposure to moisture, is limited by weather conditions. A carbon monoxide producing cartridge has been developed which can be used independent of weather conditions. The cartridge is similar in size to the smaller carbon monoxide (CO) cartridge used in the United States, but produces up to 70% more CO. High concentrations of CO were measured at the entrances of an unoccupied artificial warren fumigated with …

Predicting The Outcome Of Rodenticide Trials Against Norway Rats Living On Farms, Roger J. Quy, David P. Cowan, Peter Haynes, Ian R. Bmglis, Tom Swinney

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Difenacoum and bromadiolone treatments against Norway rats may fail because: 1) the animals eat little or no bait, 2) reinvasion rapidly offsets any success, or 3) the population contains resistant individuals. By monitoring bait takes and employing independent measures of rat activity such as tracking plates, it is possible to identify, often in the early stages of a treatment, patterns that indicate the contribution of each of these causes to the eventual outcome. If there is no bait take from the majority of bait points visited by rats in the first week then the treatment is unlikely to be successful, …

Red-Winged Blackbird Feeding Preferences And Response To Wild Rice Treated With Portland Cement Or Plaster, Richard A. Dolbeer, Sheri K. Ickes

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The California wild rice (Zizania aquatica) industry considers red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) their most important pest problem. Farmers often have asked if crop-damaging blackbirds can be killed by mixing dry Portland cement or plaster-of-Paris with grain bait. We conducted a series of tests to determine the effect of cement or plaster mixed with wild rice fed to captive redwings and to determine feeding preferences of redwings for wild rice in relation to other grains. Birds would not eat cement- or plaster-treated rice when untreated rice was available and no mortality occurred when birds were offered only treated rice …

Contracts And Registration Studies, Donald J. Elias, Ray T. Sterner, Peter J. Savarbe

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Public and governmental concerns about the health, safety, and environmental impacts of pesticides have led to increased regulatory requirements to determine the hazards and risks associated with their manufacture, distribution, and use. Vertebrate pesticides are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), as amended. Much of the data required for registration of these pesticides will be generated by commercial testing laboratories under contract to the product registrants or sponsors. In this paper, we address aspects of the contract research process including: 1) an overview of FIFRA requirements, 2) the nature …

What Do Animal Activists Want? (And How Should Wildlife Managers Respond?), Jon K. Hooper Phd.

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

National animal activist organization leaders were interviewed with the aim of better understanding their ideologies with respect to wildlife issues. Interviewees expressed considerable concern about traditional wildlife management practices and associated consumptive recreation activities. They easily identified a number of needed changes, while had difficulty identifying things they liked about the status quo. The top suggested changes related to using more nonlethal management methods and reducing allegiance with consumptive users. The most common "bottom line" concern expressed by interviewees was the alleviation or elimination of unnecessary pain and suffering in wildlife.

Trapping Ground Squirrels As A Control Method, Ross A. O'Connell

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Trapping of ground squirrels could be conducted following the use of fumigants or rodenticides to further reduce populations. Trapping should be considered as an alternative to the other methods of control in cases where other controls have not worked or would not be prudent to use. Trapping can be conducted during a longer period of the year than the other methods. The type of trap used, whether live trap or one of the kill traps, can be selected as to the environmental concerns of the trapper as all traps can be effective.

Field Evaluation Of Chemical Attractants For Summer Use On M-44s1, Robert L. Phillips, F. Sherman Blom

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Responses of free-roaming coyotes (Canis latrans) to four chemical attractants (W-U lure, artificial beef liver flavor, artificial smoked fish flavor, and Fatty Acid Scent) used on M-44 tops were measured during the summer months in Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Washington, and Wyoming. Visitation and pull rates varied throughout the study period from area to area and appeared to be associated with weather, food abundance, and coyote densities. Fatty Acid Scent and W-U lure produced the highest visitation and pull rates.

Charting A Future: Process And Promise, Bobby R. Acord, Craig A. Ramey, Robert W. Werge

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The Animal Damage Control program has been heavily involved in strategic planning since its transfer from USDI to USDA. The first effort was undertaken in 1989 by the program's management team. It was an introspective, critical look at what changes were needed to improve the program's strategic position in the natural resources community. That plan failed to achieve the desired objective due principally to the lack of involvement by ADC employees and others outside the program. In 1991, a more comprehensive effort was begun known as "Futuring." In this process, a representative from each organizational level of the program and …

Bear Relocations To Avoid Bear/Sheep Conflicts, Alan R. Armistead, Ken Mitchell, Guy E. Connolly

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Preventive relocation of black bears (Ursus americanus) was tried as an alternative to lethal removal of bears that attacked sheep in northeastern Oregon. Bears in likely problem areas or in close proximity to sheep bands were captured with culvert traps and moved to other ranges without sheep. Sixteen bears were relocated in 1990 and five in 1991 from areas where five damaging bears had been destroyed in 1989. The five bears relocated in 1991 were radio collared and monitored by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. None of them were involved in livestock depredations subsequent to relocation. Sheep losses …

Stowaway Transport Rates Of House Mice (Mus Domesticus) And Deermice (Peromyscus Maniculatus)*, Ann Eileen Miller Baker

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Stowaway transport rates were obtained from behavioral observations of 14 house mice (Mus domesticus) and 14 deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus) during commercial transport. One house mouse escaped during unloading and flaking of 2,500 kg 2-year old oat hay. Three house mice and two deermice were hand-caught on trucks during unloading of 51,110 kg transported barley straw and grass hay. One house mouse was hand-caught after being buried alive in grain. Two house mice escaped during unloading of a semitruck holding dog food. House mice (one live, six recently-dead) and deermice (two recently-dead) were taken from a feedmill screen over which had …

Blurred Images: And The Future Of Wildlife Damage Management , Jack H. Berryman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

The paper points out a number of perceptions that blur and damage the image of wildlife damage management and their importance to the future. Some of the reasons for the perceptions are suggested and a number of steps suggested to improve the public image. It concludes on a note of optimism for the future.

Resistance To The First And Second Generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides-A New Perspective, A.P. Buckle, C.V. Prescott, K.J. Ward

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

Warfarin resistance was first discovered among Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) populations in Scotland in 1958 and further reports of resistance, both in this species and in others, soon followed from other parts of Europe and the United States. Researchers quickly defined the practical impact of these resistance phenomena and developed robust methods by which to monitor their spread. These tasks were relatively simple because of the high degree of immunity to warfarin conferred by the resistance genes. Later, the second generation anticoagulants were introduced to control rodents resistant to the warfarin-like compounds, but resistance to difenacoum, bromadiolone and brodifacoum is …

An Evaluation Of Anti-Coyote Electric Fences, Robert C. Acorn, Michael J. Dorrance

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 16th (1994)

We interviewed 21 sheep farmers and evaluated their electric fences to identify problems and determine efficacy of electric fences to prevent coyote (Canis latrans) predation. Modified woven wire fences and fences of 9 high-tensile smooth wires alternating charged and grounded were most effective in preventing coyote predation. The most serious problems in fence design and maintenance were a) bottom charged wire too high above ground level, b) wires spaced too far apart, and c) inadequate vegetation control.

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre Newsletter, Volume 2-1, Winter 1994

Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre: Newsletters and Publications

Work Underway at the CCWHC
CCWHC Headquarters Secretary
Newcastle disease in cormorants
Rabies update: First case in PEI, Rabies in Bats
New viral disease of lagomorphs in Europe
Investigation of pesticide poisoning
Hantavirus in North America
Mortality in Leach's storm petrels
Common loon mortality
Verminous pneumonia in red foxes
Strychnine poisoning in grackles
Leptospirosis in a raccoon
Great horned owls and porcupines
Tick species near Thunder Bay
Mercury poisoning: loons, eagle
Parvovirus in raccoons
Phorate poisoning in Yukon wildlife
Avian cholera in Manitoba

Water Current, Volume 26, No. 1, February 1994

Water Current Newsletter

UWIN Offers Forum for Water Information
Sixth Annual Festival Set for March
Register Now for Conference
From the Director
High Plains Groundwater as a Sustainable Resource
Nitrogen Conference Proceedings Available
Tropical Water Center Set Up
Brochure Describes Water Laboratory
Water Focus of Interest
High School Primer Out
National Fellowships Available in Water Sciences
Valmont Offers Grants
Symphony to Add New Note to Children's Groundwater Festival
National Forum Participants to Visit Festival
Water, Drought Management Focus of Western Conference

An Algorithmic Palette Tool, Gary R. Greenfield

Department of Math & Statistics Technical Report Series

Our algorithmic tool follows the model of RGB percentage curves, but now the control of these curves is though algorithms that indirectly, and more abstractly, create, evolve, and modify such curves. To fully explain our methods we must first introduce the topic "mutating expressions." This is done in Section Two. In Section Three we document the user-interface problems we dealt with, and finally in Section Four discuss conclusions and suggest ideas for future exploration. Before commencing with the technical details however, we wish to emphasize the nature of the "colorization" problem that led to the conception and development of our …

Cooperating Brokers To Support Cooperative Work, Vinod Anupam, Chandrajit Bajaj, Peinan Zhang

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Bulletin 4278 - How To Use Wide Furrow Sowing For Improved Crop Production On Water Repellent Sand, Paul Blackwell, Grant Morrow, Tony Webster

Bulletins 4000 -

Wide furrow sowing is a method for successfully establishing crops of lupins or cereals on non-wetting sands, and improving crop establishment on non-repellent sands. The same principles can be used to assist establishment of fodder shrubs and long-term pasture (e.g. tagasaste and Rhodes grass).

Graphical Oodb Modeling For Medical Information Standards (Gommis), Jiping Liu

Theses

The graphical representation of database schemata has been a useful tool for the designer and users of database systems. Such a tool for OODB schemata should incorporate a wide variety of symbols which cover most concepts of existing Object-Oriented Database (OODB), so it is sufficient to support a diverse group of object-oriented data models.

In this paper we created a. graphical representation, using the OOdini system and language, of the European Prestandard for Medical Informatics on Message Exchange of Laboratory Information. This European Prestandard describes a standardized format for messages to be exchanged between a. health care provider and a …

Graphical Oodb Modeling For Medical Information Standards (Gommis), Nagesh K. Puppala

Theses

Our task is to create a graphical representation of the European Prestandard for Medical Informatics on Message Exchange of Laboratory Information. This document, made available to us through Columbia Presbyterian, describes a standardized format for messages to be exchanged between a healthcare provider and a medical laboratory. The prestandard represents important information in a very disconnected way.

We have used OODINI system and language to develop our GOMMIS system. OODINI is a graphical editor for object-oriented database schemas that was developed at NJIT during the past three years. OODINI features a poweful set of icons that cover most concepts of …

Study Of The Leaching Of Pentachlorophenol From Treated Utility Poles, Jingyi Zhang

Theses

Pentachlorophenol ( PCP ) has been used as a preservative in wood industry over 40 years. If new regulations are passed, the disposal of used treated utility poles in landfills could be restricted because of the toxic properties of PCP. This study was undertaken to provide a better understanding of the rates and mechanisms of leaching of PCP from these poles.

Following the initial analytical method development for PCP determination, a study was done to apply and validate the method in a leaching characteristics study of PCP from Douglas Fir and Southern Pine.

The major factors which influence the leaching …

Study On The Remediation Of Organic Soil Contaminated With Polychlorinated Biphenyls Using A Variable Frequency Microwave Furnace, Lili Zou

Theses

The development of new and innovative remediation technologies for soil contaminated with Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) is necessary to fulfill the need of cleanup of contaminated sites. In the past eight years the Laboratory for Microwave treatment as Hazardous Substance Management Research Center has investigated the use of Microwave energy to remediate contaminated soils. A major drawback of using single frequencies of the microwave range is the non-uniformity of the electromagnetic field. In this thesis a Variable Frequency Microwave Furnace (operating between 2.40 and 7.50 GHz) is used to improve the uniformity of the field. A new method is used to …

Family Odontophoridae (New World Quails), John P. Carroll

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Class AVES

Order GALLIFORMES

Suborder PHASIANI

Family ODONTOPHORIDAE

(NEW WORLD QUAILS)

• Fairly small terrestrial birds with compact body, strong legs, and short wings.
• 17-37 cm
• Neotropical and Nearctic Regions
• Tropical, subtropical and temperate forests, forest edge, savanna and agricultural land, from sea-level to 3300 m.
• 9 genera, 32 species, 139 taxa.
• 2 species threatened; none extinct since 1600.

Radiosensitivity Parameters For Lethal Mutagenesis In Caenorhabditis Elegans, F. A. Cucinotta, J. W. Wilson, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

For the first time track structure theory has been applied to radiobiological effects in a living organism. Data for lethal mutagenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans, obtained after irradiation with nine different types of ions of atomic number 1-57 and gamma rays have yielded radiosensitivity parameters (E₀, σ₀, K, m = 68 Gy, 2.5 x 10^-9 cm², 750, 2) comparable with those found for the transformation of C3HT10 1/2 cells (180 Gy, 1.15 x 10^-10 cm², 750, 2) but remote from those (E₀ and σ₀ = ≈2 Gy, ≈5 …

A River Ran Through It... : The Cultural Ecology Of The Santa Clara Valley Riparian Zone, Erin M. Reilly

Research Manuscript Series

This study addresses the nature of human interaction with the riparian environment in the Santa Clara Valley over time. This is not a new anthropological theme. Literature dates to 1863 The Earth as Modified by Human Action, by George P. Marsh); cultural ecologist Betty J Meggars stated: "The relationship- of culture to environment is one of the oldest problems in the science of anthropology ... "(Meggars, 1968:19); and, anthropologist Alfred Kroeber said: "no culture is wholly intelligible without reference to the nonculture, or so-called environmental factors with which it is in relation and which condition it "(Kroeber 1906:297).

Along these …

Geomorphic And Structural Features Of The Alliance 1º × 2º Quadrangle, Western Nebraska, Discernible From Synthetic-Aperture Radar Imagery And Digital Shaded-Relief Maps, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

The digital shaded-relief map of the United States and the synthetic-aperture radar map of the Alliance Nebraska 1º x 2º area prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the former case and for the USGS in the latter show oriented landforms and lineaments in northwest Nebraska. Parallel and subparallel hills and valleys developed on different geologic materials ranging from shales through sandstones to loess and eolian sand appear to be wind erosional features subsequently modified by running water. The long axes of these hills and valleys generally trend between N40"W and N50"W. Similar features also occur across major areas …

Fisheries Research Report No 101 - The Big Bank Region Of The Limited Entry Fishery For The Western Rock Lobster, Panulirus Cygnus, C F. Chubb, E H. Barker, C J. Dibden

Fisheries Research Reports

The Big Bank region lies to the north of the Abrolhos Islands zone of the limited entry western rock lobster fishery (Zone A) close to the edge of the continental shelf. Since 1986/87 the catches from this previously lightly exploited region have become important to a number of rock lobster fishermen operating in the northern (A and B) zones.

Fishing at Big Bank occurred predominantly in January and February of each season, however, recently introduced regulations have closed the region to fishing until February 10 each year. A maximum of 83 boats have operated in the region catching up to …

Expression Of Prelamin A Confers Sensitivity Of Dna Biosynthesis To Lovastatin On F9 Teratocarcinoma Cells, Michael Sinensky, T. Mclain, K. Fantle

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

No abstract provided.

Topic Bibliography On Sources Related To Service And Environment, Robin Vue Benson, Robert D. Shumer

Bibliographies

The sources listed on the following pages are in response to requests for information on service-learning and the environment. They were obtained primarily by conducting searches of the ERIC database on CD-ROM. Broad topics were chosen for a comprehensive selection of references. With several hundred records identified, only those with the closest relevance to the topic are included here. Where a source is available through EDRS, an ERIC number is included. In addition, references from several service-learning bibliographies and other references are included. The search for more sources of information on this topic is ongoing and this compilation will be …