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Generalizing Frameworks For Sentience Beyond Natural Species, Michael Levin Jan 2022

Generalizing Frameworks For Sentience Beyond Natural Species, Michael Levin

Animal Sentience

Crump et al. (2022) offer a well-argued example of an essential development: a rigorous framework for assessing sentience from the perspective of moral concern over an agent’s welfare. Current and forthcoming developments in bioengineering, synthetic morphology, artificial intelligence, biorobotics, and exobiology necessitate an expansion and generalization of this effort. Verbal reports (the Turing Test) and homology to human brains are utterly inadequate criteria for assessing the status of novel, unconventional agents that offer no familiar touchstone of phylogeny or anatomy. We must develop principled approaches to evaluating the sentience of (and thus, our responsibility to) beings of unfamiliar provenance and …

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Rhetoric Of Collaboration: Using Ethics Of Social Justice And Activism Through Writing Communities, Tina M. Iemma Jan 2022

Rhetoric Of Collaboration: Using Ethics Of Social Justice And Activism Through Writing Communities, Tina M. Iemma

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines emerging writing community collectives that seek to challenge the normative hierarchy of higher education in both composition and curricula. I conduct empirical research to explore the ways activist writers, those with exposure to social justice literacies from across and outside academic communities, influence an ethics of collaboration and overall expansion of more public-facing, engaged and inclusive research pedagogy and scholarship. The act of writing in collectives is needed if a move toward advocacy and opportunity for equity is to be upheld within and beyond academia. By examining social justice literacies occurring both in and out of the …

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A Unified Theory Of Musical Meaning, Luis Verdin Jan 2022

A Unified Theory Of Musical Meaning, Luis Verdin

CMC Senior Theses

In this thesis, I present a novel theory of musical meaning. This theory posits a complementary relationship between the theories described in Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s Generative Theory of Tonal Music and Arnie Cox’s Music and Embodied Cognition. Each of these theories explain particular aspects of musical meaning (semantic and grammatical, respectively), though I argue that by unifying these theories into a broader framework, they can explain more about musical meaning than they could individually. This unification is performed via the novel theory I present: the Analogical Argument. This argument suggests that Lerdahl and Jackendoff’s Generative Theory of Tonal Music is …

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The Pervert’S Guide To The Museum, Seth Ifor Alt Jan 2022

The Pervert’S Guide To The Museum, Seth Ifor Alt

CGU Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation provides a sustained theoretical articulation of core Lacanian psychoanalytic concepts situated within the standing difficulties in the practice and theory of museums. Drawing upon research gathered from site visits, informational interviews, textual analysis, and an extensive engagement with the seminars of Jacques Lacan, I enumerate here a first attempt at what a Lacanian theoretical formation can contribute to museum studies scholarship. Through this research this dissertation shows psychoanalysis to be especially useful for museum studies owing to how the troubles immediately encountered in the everyday material practices of museological work are structurally analogous to the impossibilities experienced on …

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Symposium: Can Intellectual History Be Done Otherwise?, Mohamed Arafa, Shahzad Bashir, Nader El-Bizri, Nauman Faizi, Lena H. Salaymeh Jan 2022

Symposium: Can Intellectual History Be Done Otherwise?, Mohamed Arafa, Shahzad Bashir, Nader El-Bizri, Nauman Faizi, Lena H. Salaymeh

Faculty & Staff Publications

Using Shahzad Bashir’s open-access publication A New Vision for Islamic Pasts and Futures as a baseline, this symposium debates whether and how intellectual history can be done otherwise. Mohamed ‘Arafa follows Bashir’s invitation to explore the potential of open-ended historiographies when he thinks about the viability of a flexible method to interpret Sharī͑a. Nader El-Bizri interrogates whether the assemblage of personal experiential accounts offered by Bashir can be framed within the discourse of intellectual history at all. Nauman Faizi reads Bashir’s approach as a radical attempt to open up hermeneutical possibilities. Lena Salaymeh suggests that modern aesthetics can contribute to …

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Sentience As Part Of Emotional Lives, Frans B. M. De Waal Jan 2022

Sentience As Part Of Emotional Lives, Frans B. M. De Waal

Animal Sentience

It is high time to explore the sentience of invertebrate animals, but this topic cannot be discussed without also exploring their emotional lives, including positive emotions. Sentience probably evolved to allow the regulation of emotions by endowing them with feelings.

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Perceptions Of Shifting Time: Life Crossing The Edges Of Conflict ; A Phenomenological Study Of The Changing Nature Of Worldview Schema And Temporal Constructs When Experiencing Cultural Conflict, Ian D. Edgerly Jan 2022

Perceptions Of Shifting Time: Life Crossing The Edges Of Conflict ; A Phenomenological Study Of The Changing Nature Of Worldview Schema And Temporal Constructs When Experiencing Cultural Conflict, Ian D. Edgerly

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

The conflict process has numerous facets and characteristics, but one of the least discussed within conflict or peace studies literature is the effect that time has upon, or within the conflict continuum. This project’s focus was the identification of changes within certain temporally sensitive worldview schema by members of the Charlotte, North Carolina area refugee community when entering cultural conflict. This exploration specifically focused on the shifts that occur between moving from their transient locations prior to coming to the United States, whether that be a refugee camp or living in another country under refugee status, and their final relocation …

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Dismantling The Master's House: Epistemological Tensions And Revelatory Interventions For Reimagining A Transformational Family Science, Janine Jones, Andrea G. Hunter, Shuntay Z. Tarver Jan 2022

Dismantling The Master's House: Epistemological Tensions And Revelatory Interventions For Reimagining A Transformational Family Science, Janine Jones, Andrea G. Hunter, Shuntay Z. Tarver

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Using Audre Lorde's The Master's Tools as an epistemic guide, we propose two practice interventions for family science (FS) transformative praxes. The first, inspired by the thought of philosopher Charles Mills, challenges FS practitioners (research, practice, and policy) to explore differences in peripheral and positivist & post‐positivist (P&PP) ideologies responsible for differences in beliefs regarding the salience or non‐salience of power differentials within FS. The second, inspired by the thought of philosopher Rudolph Carnap, encourages FS practitioners to consider differences in peripheral and P&PP practitioners' understandings of what FS is at its core, and the beliefs and actions guided by …

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Classification Accuracy Of The Quick Interactive Language Screener For Preschool Children With And Without Developmental Language Disorder, Amy Pace, Maura Curran, Amanda Owen Van Horne, Jill De Villiers, Aquiles Iglesias, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, Mary S. Wilson, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek Jan 2022

Classification Accuracy Of The Quick Interactive Language Screener For Preschool Children With And Without Developmental Language Disorder, Amy Pace, Maura Curran, Amanda Owen Van Horne, Jill De Villiers, Aquiles Iglesias, Roberta Michnick Golinkoff, Mary S. Wilson, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek

Philosophy: Faculty Publications

This research examined the classification accuracy of the Quick Interactive Language Screener (QUILS) for identifying preschool-aged children (3;0 to 6;9) with developmental language disorder (DLD). We present data from two independent samples that varied in prevalence and diagnostic reference standard.

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A Criticism Of Retributivism: Identifying The Unavoidable And Undesirable Consequences Of Accepting Of Not Accepting “Ought Implies Can”, Samantha Bloomfield Jan 2022

A Criticism Of Retributivism: Identifying The Unavoidable And Undesirable Consequences Of Accepting Of Not Accepting “Ought Implies Can”, Samantha Bloomfield

Scripps Senior Theses

Retributivism makes two claims: the guilty deserve to be punished in proportion to their culpability, and the innocent deserve not to be punished. Through a discussion of our ineliminable susceptibility to luck, our inability to avoid epistemic fallibility, and the implications of either accepting or not accepting Ought Implies Can, I aim to identify retributivism as an inept moral theory.

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The Philosophical Unconscious, John Shannon Hendrix Jan 2022

The Philosophical Unconscious, John Shannon Hendrix

Architecture, Art, and Historic Preservation Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Fictional Universal Realism, Jeffrey C. Goodman Jan 2022

Fictional Universal Realism, Jeffrey C. Goodman

Faculty Scholarship

Certain realists about properties and relations identify them with universals.  Furthermore, some hold that for a wide range of meaningful predicates, the semantic contribution to the propositions expressed by the sentences in which those predicates figure is the universal expressed by the predicate.  I here address ontological issues raised by predicates first introduced to us via works of fiction and whether the universal realist should accept that any such predicates express universals.  After discussing the lines of reasoning given by Braun (2015) and Sawyer (2015) for fictional universal anti-realism, I propose a novel, Kripke-inspired argument for the same.  I ultimately …

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Why Are They Called Real Numbers If They Aren’T Real, And Other Such Questions?, Rahmat Rashid Jan 2022

Why Are They Called Real Numbers If They Aren’T Real, And Other Such Questions?, Rahmat Rashid

Honors Program Theses

This thesis studies the position of mathematical realism (the position that mathematical objects have ontological status) through history, starting with Pythagoras up until W.V.O Quine, and examining how these positions originate from each other. I hope to see how the position has changed and why, and provide an argument against the strongest of the realist positions, drawing on this extensive background. Finally, I advance my own argument against the strongest arguments for mathematical realism, and propose alternatives to a view of mathematical realism.

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Empowering Biosemiotics, Charles Lassiter Jan 2022

Empowering Biosemiotics, Charles Lassiter

Philosophy Faculty Scholarship

One way to understand the basic semiotic relation is that a sign-vehicle signifies an object to an interpretant. Biosemioticians sometimes talk about this relationship in terms of “codes”. When thinking about this relationship in the context of language, a natural move is to conceptualize semiotic relationships among speakers, meanings, and utterances as codes: speakers encode messages in sentences, which are then decoded by an interpreter. This view of communication is inconsistent with core tenets of a distributed approach to language, which holds that language is an embodied and encultured activity taking place across multiple timescales. I argue that a neo-Aristotelian …

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Constructing A Well-Being: Exploring Knowledge Construction In Dbt Skills Training Using Art And Activity Theory, Elizabeth Bailey Jan 2022

Constructing A Well-Being: Exploring Knowledge Construction In Dbt Skills Training Using Art And Activity Theory, Elizabeth Bailey

Wayne State University Dissertations

Through Arts-based Research, constructed within the theoretical basis of the Activity System, participants engaged with dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) program content to develop a cohesive and meaningful project. Participants are conceptualized as reliable experts in their own experience, and as active agents of knowledge construction. Participants generate profound and relevant insights into their experiences – insights that can enhance DBT practice, expand research methodology, and build conceptual connections across theories. The Arts-based Activity System offers a theoretically-backed methodology that can disrupt the harmful parallels between the development of the disorders DBT is intended to treat and the dominant research paradigm …

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Wilderness As An Aesthetic Concept, Nathan A. Pagel Jan 2022

Wilderness As An Aesthetic Concept, Nathan A. Pagel

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

In this paper I argue that many of the philosophical problems with the concept of wilderness can be mitigated by thinking of wilderness as an aesthetic concept rather than as a real feature of the world or a special metaphysical category. In Section 1, I respond to arguments for wilderness no longer being extant in the world as well as being conceptually contradictory by examining the ways in which people continue to experience wilderness in spite of these challenges. To resolve this tension, I offer an account of wilderness as an aesthetic concept, that is, as something that cannot be …

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Ethical Leadership And Leadership In Ethics, Robert Audi Jan 2022

Ethical Leadership And Leadership In Ethics, Robert Audi

Interdisciplinary Journal of Leadership Studies

This paper offers a conceptual portrait of leadership and a framework for exercising it in the realm of ethics. The paper provides an account of what constitutes leadership, a set of moral standards for its ethical exercise, and a distinction between leadership that meets these standards and leadership that not only meets them, but positively engages them. This engagement is central for leadership in ethics. The main context for analysis in the paper is organizational. Leadership is essential for the success of organizations and morally important in their daily operations. The paper also describes its nature and role in less …

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Translating Gadamer And Heidegger Translating Aristotle: Über'setzen' And 'Über'setzen, Ian Alexander Moore Jan 2022

Translating Gadamer And Heidegger Translating Aristotle: Über'setzen' And 'Über'setzen, Ian Alexander Moore

Philosophy Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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Philosophy And Theology: Lethal Organ Donation, Christopher Kaczor Jan 2022

Philosophy And Theology: Lethal Organ Donation, Christopher Kaczor

Philosophy Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

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“The Pealing Of Stillness”: Gadamer On Georg Trakl, Ian Alexander Moore Jan 2022

“The Pealing Of Stillness”: Gadamer On Georg Trakl, Ian Alexander Moore

Philosophy Faculty Works

Addressing the place of the Austrian poet, Georg Trakl, in the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Georg Gadamer, this article turns in particular to Trakl’s poem “A Winter Evening” in order to unfold a sense of language in dialogue with the poet. This engagement equally becomes the occasion for Gadamer to confront Heidegger, whose own reading of Trakl becomes both an inspiration and a challenge.

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Spiritual Intelligence: The Next Intelligence Tool For Conflict Resolution Practitioners?, Peter Tokar Jan 2022

Spiritual Intelligence: The Next Intelligence Tool For Conflict Resolution Practitioners?, Peter Tokar

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

Abstract Spiritual intelligence is currently being utilized with positive results in many professional communities, yet it is practically unknown within the conflict resolution and peacebuilding communities, at least by name. Recent national polls have demonstrated a high percentages of Americans still embrace a spiritual dimension to their humanity. Although church attendance has been on the decline for the past couple decades, polls show that even the Millennial Generation and GenZ are still interested in spirituality, though in a non-ecclesiastically organized way. Although significant sensitivities remain in society and culture concerning the separation of church and state, literally millions of Americans …

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Impossible Worlds And The Safety Of Philosophical Beliefs, Zack Garrett, Zachariah Wrublewski Jan 2022

Impossible Worlds And The Safety Of Philosophical Beliefs, Zack Garrett, Zachariah Wrublewski

Department of Philosophy: Faculty Publications

Epistemological accounts that make use of a safety condition on knowledge, historically, face serious problems regarding beliefs that are necessarily true. This is because necessary truths are true in all possible worlds, and so such beliefs can be safe even when the bases for the beliefs are epistemically problematic. The existence of such problematically safe beliefs would undermine a major motivation for the condition itself: the ability to evaluate how well a belief tracks the truth. This paper argues that incorporating impossible worlds into the evaluation of beliefs solves this problem, but only if the relevant account of impossible worlds …

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Neither Race Nor Ethnicity: Latinidad As A Social Affordance, Adam Burgos, Alejandro Arango Jan 2022

Neither Race Nor Ethnicity: Latinidad As A Social Affordance, Adam Burgos, Alejandro Arango

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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World Of Water: Betsy Damon’S Ties To Ecofeminism, Colleen Sullivan Jan 2022

World Of Water: Betsy Damon’S Ties To Ecofeminism, Colleen Sullivan

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis establishes a critical examination of the evolution of Betsy Damon’s artistic practice as overtime she engages with ecofeminist thought. As a whole, this work extends contemporary scholarship on ecofeminist engaged art to include Damon’s artistic production while amplifying social and critical ecofeminism as necessary ideologies to explore when analyzing art through an ecofeminist lens. Beginning with her first environmentally focused work in the United States the organization of the following chapters reveals Damon’s deepened understanding and exploration of ecofeminist principles and their application to her artistic practice. It goes on to further explore Damon’s pursuit of environmentally sustainable …

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Parallels Of Quantum Mechanics And Mahāyāna Buddhist Philosophy: An Argument For Relational Quantum Mechanics, Axel I. Palapa Jan 2022

Parallels Of Quantum Mechanics And Mahāyāna Buddhist Philosophy: An Argument For Relational Quantum Mechanics, Axel I. Palapa

CMC Senior Theses

Western orthodoxy philosophy is based on the principle of noncontradiction and thus, the philosophy of science is as well. The most prominent interpretations of quantum mechanics, since its inception, have followed this principle. In this paper, two quantum phenomena, the Observer Problem (measurement problem) and quantum entanglement will be analyzed from a Mahayana Buddhism ontological perspective. I will analyze the mathematical and philosophical arguments proposed by Graham Priest and Jay Garfield, based on dialethism, pertaining to Nagarjuna and the Net of Indra. Demonstrating the parallels and adaptability of the arguments to further the philosophical groundwork for Carlo Reveille’s Relational Quantum …

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Russian Logics And The Culture Of Impossible: Part Ii: Reinterpreting Algorithmic Rationality, Ksenia Tatarchenko, Anya Yermakova, Liesbeth De Mol Jan 2022

Russian Logics And The Culture Of Impossible: Part Ii: Reinterpreting Algorithmic Rationality, Ksenia Tatarchenko, Anya Yermakova, Liesbeth De Mol

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article reinterprets algorithmic rationality by looking at the interaction between mathematical logic, mechanized reasoning, and, later, computing in the Russian Imperial and Soviet contexts to offer a history of the algorithm as a mathematical object bridging the inner and outer worlds, a humanistic vision that we, following logician Vladimir Uspensky, call the “culture of the impossible.” We unfold the deep roots of this vision as embodied in scientific intelligentsia. In Part I, we examine continuities between the turn-of-the-twentieth-century discussions of poznaniye—an epistemic orientation towards the process of knowledge acquisition—and the postwar rise of the Soviet school of mathematical logic. …

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Defending Human Difference By Raising The Bar, Joe Gough Jan 2022

Defending Human Difference By Raising The Bar, Joe Gough

Animal Sentience

Chapman & Huffman (C&H) offer a theory of why we humans want to believe that we are different: to justify our cruelty to animals. This commentary offers further supporting evidence of this and examines more closely what the claim that humans are ‘different’ amounts to. It also considers some methodological issues in animal psychology closely related to C&H ‘s theory. These problems result from a common strategy for defending hypotheses about human difference.

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“Wilfrid Sellars And Liberal Naturalism”, Willem A. Devries Jan 2022

“Wilfrid Sellars And Liberal Naturalism”, Willem A. Devries

Faculty Publications

An examination of Wilfrid Sellars' somewhat problematic relation to liberal naturalism

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Revisiting Donald Griffin, Founder Of Cognitive Ethology, Carolyn A. Ristau Jan 2022

Revisiting Donald Griffin, Founder Of Cognitive Ethology, Carolyn A. Ristau

Animal Sentience

Donald Griffin’s writings, beginning with The Question of Animal Awareness (1976), strove to persuade scientists to study the possibility of animal sentience, the basis of Rowan et al.’s efforts to promote animal well-being. Facing great hostility (but also some acceptance) for his ideas, Griffin initially avoided animal welfare advocacy, fearing it would further undermine his efforts to gain recognition of animal sentience. In later years, however, he began to ponder the ethical implications of animal sentience, intending to study wild elephants’ communication and social behavior to better understand their experienced life and apply it to improving conservation methods. As he …

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Factors That Influence Seeking Prostate Cancer Preventive Care In African Immigrants, Millicent N. Seilenga Jan 2022

Factors That Influence Seeking Prostate Cancer Preventive Care In African Immigrants, Millicent N. Seilenga

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

AbstractProstate cancer is a major public health problem, being the second leading cause of cancer deaths in U.S. men, but mortality can be prevented with the use of early detection strategies. African American men are more than twice as likely to die of prostate cancer as compared to Hispanic and White men. African immigrant men as compared to African American men born in the United States have higher mortality rates of prostate cancer due to not seeking preventive care. However, little is known about the factors that prevent African immigrant men living in the United States from seeking prostate cancer …

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