Digital Commons Network^™

A Formative Evaluation For A Food Choices Intervention In A Mississippi Delta Community: A Focus Group Of Rural African American Adolescents, Jovan Chantrell Eugene Williams

Master's Theses

A needs assessment should be conducted to plan effective interventions. This study used a qualitative research approach to examine the eating patterns, food purchasing and preparation skills and practices, barriers and facilitators of dietary change, social and contextual influences on food choices, and preferences for communication and presentation channels and styles of low-income rural African American adolescents. Seven focus groups were conducted with a total of 33 participants, 21 girls and 12 boys, aged 13-18. Adolescents were grouped by age and gender. A moderator, who was trained in focus group methodology, conducted the session using a focus group discussion guide …

Emerging Dynamics Of Human Campylobacteriosis In Southern Ireland, Susan Bullman, Daniel Corcoran, James O'Leary, Derry O'Hare, Brigid Lucey, Roy D. Sleator

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Infections with Campylobacter spp. pose a significant health burden worldwide. The significance of Campylobacter jejuni/Campylobacter coli infection is well appreciated but the contribution of non-C. jejuni/C. coli spp. to human gastroenteritis is largely unknown. In this study, we employed a two-tiered molecular study on 7194 patient faecal samples received by the Microbiology Department in Cork University Hospital during 2009. The first step, using EntericBio® (Serosep), a multiplex PCR system, detected Campylobacter to the genus level. The second step, utilizing Campylobacter species-specific PCR identified to the species level. A total of 340 samples were confirmed as Campylobacter genus positive, 329 of …

Power Of The Bottle, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Intervention To Increase Knowledge And Consumption Of Folate-Rich Foods Based On The Health Belief Model, Lindsay M. Labrosse

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Folate is important in the prevention of birth defects and in the maintenance of general health. Even after mandatory fortification, many people are still not consuming the RDA of 400 mcg/day. Consuming a diet rich in naturally high-folate foods, as opposed to supplementation, may offer additional health benefits and promote an overall healthy diet.

The purpose of this pilot study was to test the hypothesis that a learner-centered educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) will successfully increase knowledge and consumption of folate-rich foods, while increasing positive beliefs about folate and health. A two group parallel control trial …

Cantaloupe, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing cantaloupe melons.

Winter Squash, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing winter squash.

Lemons, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing lemons.

Mushrooms, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This publication is a guide to eating, selecting, cooking, and storing mushrooms.

Prevalensi Dan Determinan Kelebihan Berat Badan Dan Kegemukan Pada Anak Berusia 5-15 Tahun, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika

Kesmas

Kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan, suatu keadaan lemak tubuh yang berlebihan, merupakan masalah kesehatan di negara-negara maju dan negara-negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan determinan kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan anak usia 5-15 tahun menggunakan data Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2007. Ditemukan bahwa prevalensi kelebihan berat badan dan kegemukan pada anak berusia usia 5-15 tahun masing-masing 7,4% dan 8,3%. Jika dikontrol oleh jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, riwayat kegemukan ibu, kebiasaan konsumsi buah mingguan, kebiasaan merokok, dan asupan energi, faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kelebihan berat badan (> 85% persentil) anak adalah riwayat kegemukan …

Effects Of Diet Type And Supplementation Of Glucosamine, Chondroitin, And Msm On Body Composition, Functional Status, And Markers Of Health In Women With Knee Osteoarthritis Initiating A Resistance-Based Exercise And Weight Loss Program, Teresa Magrans-Courtney, Colin Wilborn, Christopher Rasmussen, Maria Pontes Ferreira, Lori Greenwood, Bill Campbell, Chad M. Kerksick, Erica Nassar, Rui Li, Mike Iosia, Matt Cooke, Kristin Dugan, Darryn Willoughby, Luann Soliah, Richard B. Kreider

Nutrition and Food Science Faculty Research Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine whether sedentary obese women with knee OA initiating an exercise and weight loss program may experience more beneficial changes in body composition, functional capacity, and/or markers of health following a higher protein diet compared to a higher carbohydrate diet with or without GCM supplementation.

Methods: Thirty sedentary women (54 ± 9 yrs, 163 ± 6 cm, 88.6 ± 13 kg, 46.1 ± 3% fat, 33.3 ± 5 kg/m²) with clinically diagnosed knee OA participated in a 14-week exercise and weight loss program. Participants followed an isoenergenic low fat higher …

Emotional Climate, Feeding Practices, And Feeding Styles: An Observational Analysis Of The Dinner Meal In Head Start Families, Sheryl O Hughes, Thomas G Power, Maria A Papaioannou, Matthew B Cross, Theresa A Nicklas, Sharon K Hall, Richard M Shewchuk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: A number of studies conducted with ethnically diverse, low-income samples have found that parents with indulgent feeding styles had children with a higher weight status. Indulgent parents are those who are responsive to their child's emotional states but have problems setting appropriate boundaries with their child. Because the processes through which styles impact child weight are poorly understood, the aim of this study was to observe differences in the emotional climate created by parents (including affect, tone of voice, and gestures) and behavioral feeding practices among those reporting different feeding styles on the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire. A secondary …

The Regulation Of Liv-1 Mrna In Mda-Mb-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells And Its Association With E-Cadherin (Cdh1), Leelyn Chong

Master's Theses

LIV-1, the estrogen-regulated gene encoding a member of the ZIP family of zinc transporters (SLC39A6), has been implicated in both growth and metastasis of estrogen-receptor (ER) positive (+) and negative (-) breast cancer cells. In ER⁺ breast cancer cells, LIV-1 expression is induced by both estrogen and insulin. In embryonic cells, LIV-1 has also been negatively associated with the expression of the cell adhesion protein, E-cadherin (CDH1), thought to play a role in metastasis. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of LIV-1 and its relationship to CDH1 in MDA-MB-231 ER^- breast cancer cells. Cells were …

High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism In Human Apolipoprotein B100 Transgenic/Brown Adipose Tissue Deficient Mice: A Model Of Obesity-Induced Hyperinsulinemia, Sarah J. Ehlers, Stephanie M. Larson, Heather E. Rasmussen, Young-Ki Park, Ji-Young Lee

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Obese and diabetic humans display decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and an increased risk for coronary heart disease. However, investigation on HDL metabolism in obesity with a particular emphasis on hepatic ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), the primary factor for HDL formation, has not been well studied. Human apolipoprotein B₁₀₀ transgenic (hApoB^tg) and brown adipose tissue deficient (BATless) mice were crossed to generate hApoB^tg/BATless mice. Male and female hApoB^tg and hApoB^tg/BATless mice were maintained on either a regular rodent chow diet or a diet high …

The Effect Of Processing Parameters And Methylcellulose On Texture And Consumer Acceptability Of A Non-Melting Dairy Protein Gel, Joshua Goldman

Master's Theses

The overall goal was to understand the capabilities of a dairy based meat alternative.  This was done in three phases: 1) the production of a dairy protein gel as a base for a dairy based meat alternative, 2) texturization of the dairy protein gel base to produce a nugget like texture, and 3) a consumer test to determine the acceptability of the dairy based nugget compared to meat and meat alternatives on the market.

For phase I, a dairy protein gel base was tested to understand the textural attributes.  Milk to whey percentages and level of acidification were examined to …

Pets And Your Health, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

A High Fiber Diet Versus A Low-Carbohydrate Diet For Weight Loss In Obese Individuals With Or Without Type 2 Diabetes, Neal G. Malik

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In the United States, obesity rates have climbed steadily over the years. Many different diets for weight loss have been proposed and studied, yet no one diet seems to clearly be more beneficial. Among diets that have been promoted are those high in fiber and low in carbohydrates, yet thus far, results of these studies have been mixed.

Using a 2x2 complete factorial design, 173 obese men and women with or without type 2 diabetes were randomized to one of two conditions: (a) a high fiber diet (> 40 grams of fiber per day for women, >50 grams of fiber …

Optimizing Micronutrient Intake Of Lactating Women In Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa, Through Increased Wild Edible Plant Consumption, Kerry Pearson

Master's Theses

OPTIMIZING MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE OF LACTATING WOMEN IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA, THROUGH INCREASED WILD EDIBLE PLANT CONSUMPTION

Kerry Pearson

Micronutrient consumption in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, is insufficient to meet the needs of lactating women.  Inadequate intake negatively impacts the health of both the mother and infant.  Increasing consumption of wild edible plants has been recommended to combat these deficiencies, but information has not yet been provided on which types of wild plants should be eaten or in what quantity.  The objective of this study was to determine the optimal mixture of wild edible plants that needs to be consumed to meet …

Simulated Reductions In Consumption Of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Improves Diet Quality In Lower Mississippi Delta Adults, Jessica L. Thomson, Lisa M. Tussing-Humphreys, Stephen J. Onufrak, Carol Connell, Jamie M. Zoellner, Margaret L. Bogle, Kathleen Yadrick

Faculty Publications

Background

Although the effects of replacing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) with water on energy intake and body weight have been reported, little is known about how these replacements affect diet quality.

Objective

To simulate the effects of replacing SSBs with tap water on diet quality and total energy intake of Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) adults.

Design

Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional dietary intake data using a representative sample of LMD adults (n=1,689). Diet quality was measured using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) scores that were computed using the population ratio method. The effects of substituting SSBs with water on diet …

Contribution Of Dietary Supplements To The Nutritional Status Of College Students, Caroline Yu

Honors Scholar Theses

Little is known about the prevalence of dietary supplement usage among college students. Though taking dietary supplements can cover nutrient shortages not achieved through diet alone, it is often recommended to improve the quality of one's diet rather than rely on supplements. The main objective of this research study was to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement use among college students in relation to a variety of demographic and lifestyle variables, and to find out what portion of total nutrient intake is supplied by supplements. Subjects were all recruited from the University of Connecticut, and each participant completed a health …

Point-Of-Purchase Nutrition Information Influences Food-Purchasing Behaviors Of College Students: A Pilot Study, Marjorie Freedman, Rachel Conners

Faculty Publications

The goal of point-of-purchase (POP) nutrition information is to help consumers make informed, healthful choices. Despite limited evaluation, these population-based approaches are being advocated to replace traditional, more expensive, individual behavior-change strategies. Few studies have examined the effect of POP information on buying patterns of college students, a group with high obesity rates and poor eating habits. This quasi-experimental pilot project sought to determine whether the “Eat Smart” POP program affected food-purchasing habits of multiethnic college students shopping at an on-campus convenience store. Baseline sales data of foods in the cereal, soup, cracker, and bread categories were collected for 6 …

Pistachios On My Plate, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Kombucha : An Exploration Of Microbial Composition, Brewing Conditions, And The Effect Of Fermentation Time On The Rate Of Alcohol Production, Erin-Leigh Gallop

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Kombucha is a fermented tea created with the help of a symbiotic culture of yeast and bacteria. The presence of bacteria and yeast in the broth of kombucha, and not solely in the top-floating pellicle layer, permit fermentation and alcohol production to continue after the “mother” SCOB Y has been removed and after bottling has occurred for mass consumption. In the normal metabolic path of kombucha fermentation, the yeast breaks down the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucose and fructose. However, the microbial composition of kombucha varies. This study included the microbial identification of a species of kombucha currently being …

Effectiveness Of The Uri Senior Nutrition Awareness Project (Snap) Nutrition Education Programs With Older Rhode Islanders, Brittany L. Loriquet

Senior Honors Projects

SNAP is a federally-funded, free community nutrition program administered through the RI Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program—Education (SNAP-Ed), housed in the URI Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences. SNAP targets low-income older adults throughout Rhode Island, educating about 250 individuals each month. A monthly topic of current interest is addressed using an appropriate newsletter, recipe, and interactive component that are delivered at various senior centers and other venues.

As the SNAP undergraduate program assistant since September 2009, I have had the opportunity to create nutrition education materials and to assist in the delivery of community nutrition programming to low-income older adults. …

Associations Between Diet Quality And Perceived Quality Of Life In Overweight And Obese Older Adults, Klara Zolotnitskaya

Senior Honors Projects

Objective: To determine whether an association between health related quality of life (HRQOL) and dietary quality exists in overweight [body mass index (BMI) 25-29.9 kg/m²] and obese (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m²) older adults.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Participants and Setting: One-hundred and nine overweight and obese older adults, 20 male and 89 female, ages 55-80 years from four Rhode Island senior centers. Participants were recruited from two urban senior centers, one in Warwick and one in Cranston, and two rural senior centers, one in North Kingstown and one in South Kingstown.

Measurements: Anthropometrics (height, weight, waist …

The Effects Of Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation On Lower-Body Hypertrophy-Type Resistance Exercise, Benjamin Mclean Carr

Dissertations

A number of studies have demonstrated the ergogenic effects of induced-alkalosis on high-intensity intermittent exercise performance. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) administration on a high-volume hypertrophy-type resistance exercise regimen for the lower body. Methods: In a double-blind counterbalanced manner, 12 resistance-trained male participants (mean ± SD; age = 20.3 ± 2 yr, mass = 88.3 ± 13.2 kg, height = 1.80 ± 0.07 m), with a minimum of two years of training experience, ingested either 0.3 g˙kg^-1 of NaHCO₃ or calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) …

Examining Dietary Acculturation In Hispanic Males Residing In South Mississippi, Diana Katherine Cuy Castellanos

Dissertations

This study explored dietary behavior in terms of dietary intake, dietary intake change and dietary contributing factors in a sample of Hispanic males residing in southern Mississippi that are at various stages of the acculturation process. Grounded theory and the bidimensional acculturation model were incorporated to identify the dietary factors and assess acculturation in each participant. Qualitative and quantitative measures were used in data collection. Qualitative measurements included Semistructured interviews, a focus group, and photovoice with group interviews. The ARSMA-II, Marginality Scale, Fruit/Vegetable and Fat Food Screeners, a psychosocial dietary questionnaire, and the New Vital Signs Food Label for Health …

The Ability Of Households In Southeast Louisiana Eligible For The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program To Meet The Food Recommendations Of The 2010 Dietary Guidelines For Americans, Alicia Rodriguez

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Microbiological, Thermal Inactivation, And Sensory Characteristics Of Beef Eye-Of-Round Subprimals And Steaks Processed With High-Pressure Needleless Injection, Laura Kahealani Jefferies

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

High-pressure needleless injection (HPNI) is a process where small-diameter, high-velocity burst of liquid, penetrate foods at pressures ≤ 10,000 psi. The potential of HPNI as an enhancing technique for meat was studied. In study 1, HPNI translocated surface E. coli O157 into the interior of beef eye-of-round subprimals with an incidence of 40 (±7), 25 (±8), and 25 (±8)% for meat that had been surface-inoculated with a four-strain cocktail at 0.5, 1, and 2 log₁₀ CFU/cm², respectively. Run-off water contained 2, 2, and 3 log₁₀ CFU/ml and was used for HPNI of additional subprimals, which resulted …

Help In Overweight/Obesity Prevention Effort (Hope) Study – A Study To Identify Resiliency Factors To Childhood Obesity And Comparison Between Body Mass Index And Figure Rating Scales, Rebecka L. Hanson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Obesity results from a complex interaction between diet, physical activity, and the environment. The purposes of this study were to identify behaviors associated with resilience to childhood obesity, and to compare the sensitivity of the Figure Rating Scales (FRS) in reflecting Body Mass Index (BMI).

Fifty health professionals in nutrition and 35 low-income, parent-and-child pairs completed the study. Children aged 6-11, perceived as “normal-weight” by their parents, were recruited. Five children had a measured BMI above the 85^th percentile. Using a picture-sort method, each participant responded to a series of questions about 13 childhood obesity-related messages. Results included comparison …

Nutrition And Fitness Guide For Graduating Student-Athletes, Anna Fukunaga

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

For the last four years of your life, you have been supported by strength coaches, academic advisors, athletic trainers, tutors, mentors, and coaches. Your life is dedicated to your sport, and your body is molded into the ideal build to compete at the highest level you can achieve. As soon as your competitive days are over, your life dramatically changes and the needs of your body change as well. Because you typically do not sustain the same level of activity, you do not have the same nutritional needs. The demands you place on your body for your sport are higher …