Digital Commons Network^™

Bioavailability Of Bioactive Compounds, Wing Shun Lam

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Arachidin-1 (Ara-1) and arachidin-3 (Ara-3) are stilbenoids found in hairy peanut roots, which have been shown to possess similar, if not higher, efficacy in biological activities when compared to nonprenylated analogs such as piceatannol and resveratrol. Blackberry essences are concentrated volatiles, which are characterized by low molecular weight, lipophilic properties, and have also been demonstrated to have health benefits. As interest in dietary bioactive compounds functional ingredients increase, more emphasis has been placed on identifying which compounds have high efficacy as well as bioavailability. The ability of a compound to exert its health promoting effects depends on its bioavailable dose, …

Overexpression Of Cyb5r3 And Nqo1, Two Nad+-Producing Enzymes, Mimics Aspects Of Caloric Restriction, Alberto Diaz-Ruiz, Michael Lanasa, Joseph Garcia, Hector Mora, Frances Fan, Alejandro Martin-Montalvo, Andrea Di Francesco, Miguel Calvo-Rubio, Andrea Salvador-Pascual, Miguel A. Aon, Kenneth W. Fishbein, Kevin J. Pearson, Jose Manuel Villalba, Placido Navas, Michel Bernier, Rafael De Cabo

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Calorie restriction (CR) is one of the most robust means to improve health and survival in model organisms. CR imposes a metabolic program that leads to increased stress resistance and delayed onset of chronic diseases, including cancer. In rodents, CR induces the upregulation of two NADH‐dehydrogenases, namely NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) and cytochrome b₅ reductase 3 (Cyb5r3), which provide electrons for energy metabolism. It has been proposed that this upregulation may be responsible for some of the beneficial effects of CR, and defects in their activity are linked to aging and several age‐associated diseases. However, …

The Relationship Of Male And Female Pastoralist Income With Household Food Security And Nutrition Status In Tanzania: Maasai, Sukuma, And Barabaig Ethnic Groups, Henriette Gitungwa

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Although previous work provides a significant baseline for understanding the impact of gender on household decision making and resource (i.e. income and food) allocation, there are gaps in evidence for important groups, including East African pastoralists. Previous authors have noted that pastoralists’ gender roles and relations appear to be resistant to change, potentially impeding household development. This paper attempts to assess the relationship between male and female pastoralists’ income control and household food security and nutritional status in Tanzania. We use three surveys: a household-level livestock health and economics survey, a household food security survey, and an individual woman-level survey …

The Effects Of Consuming Eggs On The Physical And Cognitive Development Of Food-Insecure Haitian Children, Monica Elaine Stewart

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Within Latin America and the Caribbean, severe food insecurity is highest in Haiti. Fifty-five percent of the population lives below the poverty line with approximately 50% of the population undernourished. Given the typical diet in the developing world is primarily plant-based, the two studies presented in this thesis examine how eggs, a locally available animal protein, impact physical growth, cognitive development, and motor skills of food-insecure children from a single orphanage in Leogane, Haiti when added to the diet.

In the first study, growth parameters in children ages 3-8 years old were measured at baseline, six months, and one year. …

Modifying The Mineral Profile Of Crickets (Acheta Domesticus) Using A Supplemented Diet, Rhianne Morgan Le Maxwell

Master's Theses

Captive insectivores may consume invertebrates as all, or part of their overall diet. The challenge with feeding captive insectivores involves the limited number of invertebrate species that are commercially available, and the lack of key nutrients provided by these insects. Among these insects, a naturally occurring low concentration of calcium and an inverse calcium to phosphorus ratio may put insectivores at the risk of developing hypocalcemia. A strategy to correct this nutrient imbalance involves supplementing the insect diet with high concentrations of targeted nutrients – a term referred to as gut-loading. Current industry guidelines recommend feeding a supplemented diet for …

Incentivizing Fruit, Vegetable, And Physical Activity Level Change: Expansion And Evaluation Of The Fit Game Program For Healthy Behavior Change In Elementary Schools, Damon L. Joyner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Researchers in the Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science department and Psychology department sought to improve healthy behaviors in elementary schools such as fruit and vegetable consumption (FV) and daily physical activity (PA). We chose to use a healthy behavior program called the “FIT Game” that has successfully increased FV consumption among elementary-aged children over short periods of time. Our aim was to improve the program by lowering operating costs, adjusting its materials to target PA and see if it could maintain healthy eating improvements over a longer period of time. Our series of research shows encouraging results: short term improvements …

Body Composition, Muscular Performance, And Free Testosterone Following 12-Weeks Of Protein Supplementation And Resistance Training In Men Aged 35-55, Matthew Steven Stone

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of protein supplementation and Autoregulatory Progressive Resistance Exercise (APRE) training on measures of body composition, muscular performance, and free testosterone in middle-aged men. METHODS: Untrained males (n = 35; 43.3 ± 6.6 years) participated in this study. Lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) were measured via Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), while strength was measured utilizing one repetition maximum (1RM), endurance measured using maximum repetitions completed (REPS) at 75% 1RM for the bench and leg press, and free testosterone was measured using changes in serum …

Effect Of Grain Sorghum Polyphenols On Fecal Fermentation, Danielle Marie Ashley

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is an increasing epidemic which during 2015-2016 afflicted 39.8% of adults and 18.5% of youth in the United States. Not only can obesity affect quality of life, but it can lead to life-threatening diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Animal and human research have demonstrated a pattern of gut microbiota perturbation in overweight and obesity, characterized by a reduction of beneficial bacterial species and increase in harmful species. Diet has been established as a contributing factor in gut ecology, and foods including fiber, resistant starch, and polyphenols have been found to both enhance …

Very Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat, Weight Reduction Diet Decreases Hepatic Gene Response To Glucose In Obese Rats, Kathleen V. Axen, Marianna A. Harper, Yu Fu Kuo, Kenneth Axen

Publications and Research

Background: Very low carbohydrate (VLC) diets are used to promote weight loss and improve insulin resistance (IR) in obesity. Since the high fat content of VLC diets may predispose to hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance, we investigated the effect of a VLC weight-reduction diet on measures of hepatic and whole body insulin resistance in obese rats.

Methods: In Phase 1, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were made obese by ad libitum consumption of a high-fat (HF1, 60% of energy) diet; control rats ate a lower-fat (LF, 15%) diet for 10 weeks. In Phase 2, obese rats were fed energy-restricted amounts …

Gut Inflammatory Diseases, Infection, And Nutrition, Helieh S. Oz, Sung-Ling Yeh, Amedeo Amedei

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Volatile Flavor Compounds Vary By Beef Product Type And Degree Of Doneness, Kourtney Gardner, Jerrad F. Legako

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

This study aimed to determine how quality grade and degree of doneness (DOD) influence the development of volatile compounds among beef whole muscle and ground patties. Volatile compounds were quantified via head space solid phase microextraction from samples tempered in refrigerated temperatures (3 to 5 °C), room temperature (24 to 26 °C), or cooked on an electric clamshell-style grill to an endpoint temperature of 55, 60, 71, or 77 °C. Collected samples were subsequently determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Prominent compounds known to be the result of the Maillard reaction or lipid degradation were retained for comparison. Four Strecker …

Understanding Vegetable Feeding Practices Among Families With Young Children Using Farmers’ Market Coupon Programs: Does Participation Increase Children’S Vegetable Consumption?, Heather Brubaker

Theses - ALL

Background: Children consistently consume low levels of vegetables. Research shows that adults participating in incentivized vegetable programs purchase and consume more vegetables. It is not clear if children in those households eat more vegetables. Objective: To understand vegetable feeding practices of families with young children using farmers’ market coupon programs: current experiences, program impacts, and additional supports. Study Design, Settings, Participants: A mixed-methods design was used, which included a demographic survey, children’s vegetable screener, and semi-structured interview. Participants were parents/caregivers (n=23) of children ages 2 to 5 years, using coupons (WIC Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program, Health Bucks) at a downtown …

Understanding Vegetable Feeding Practices Among Families With Young Children Using Farmers’ Market Coupon Programs: Does Participation Increase Children’S Vegetable Consumption?, Heather Brubaker

Theses - ALL

Background: Children consistently consume low levels of vegetables. Research shows that adults participating in incentivized vegetable programs purchase and consume more vegetables. It is not clear if children in those households eat more vegetables. Objective: To understand vegetable feeding practices of families with young children using farmers’ market coupon programs: current experiences, program impacts, and additional supports. Study Design, Settings, Participants: A mixed-methods design was used, which included a demographic survey, children’s vegetable screener, and semi-structured interview. Participants were parents/caregivers (n=23) of children ages 2 to 5 years, using coupons (WIC Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program, Health Bucks) at a downtown …

Development Of Igrow: A Curriculum For Youth/Adult Dyads To Increase Gardening Skills, Culinary Competence, And Family Meal Time For Youths And Their Adult Caregivers, Jade A White, Rebecca L Hagedorn, Nicole L. Waterland, Makenzie L. Barr, Oluremi A Famodu, Amy E. Root, Adrienne A. White, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Kendra Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

This manuscript describes the development of a “learn by actively participating” curriculum for youth and their adult caregivers (dyad pair) to increase gardening skills, culinary competence, and family meal time. The curriculum was developed by integrating “iCook 4-H” and Junior Masters Gardener “Health and Nutrition from the Garden”, and “Essential Elements of 4-H Youth Development” curriculums with additional resources for gardening activities from the USDA’s My Plate and garden-based recipes. Expert reviewers (n = 11) provided feedback on the curriculum content, session structure, dosage, age appropriateness, and balance of the three focused areas. Seven family dyads (n = 14) participated …

Epigenomics And Metabolomics Reveal The Mechanism Of The Apoa2-Saturated Fat Intake Interaction Affecting Obesity, Chao-Qiang Lai, Caren E. Smith, Laurence D. Parnell, Yu-Chi Lee, Dolores Corella, Paul Hopkins, Bertha A. Hidalgo, Stella Aslibekyan, Michael A. Province, Devin Absher, Donna K. Arnett, Katherine L. Tucker, Jose M. Ordovas

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: The putative functional variant −265T > C (rs5082) within the APOA2 promoter has shown consistent interactions with saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake to influence the risk of obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to implement an integrative approach to characterize the molecular basis of this interaction.

Design: We conducted an epigenome-wide scan on 80 participants carrying either the rs5082 CC or TT genotypes and consuming either a low-SFA (< 22 g/d) or high-SFA diet (≥ 22 g/d), matched for age, sex, BMI, and diabetes status in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS). We then validated the findings in selected participants in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) Study (n = 379) and the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) (n = 243). Transcription and metabolomics analyses were conducted to determine the relation between epigenetic status, APOA2 mRNA expression, …

An Impact Mapping Method To Generate Robust Qualitative Evaluation Of Community-Based Research Programs For Youth And Adults, Melissa D. Olfert, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Jade A. White, Barbara A. Baker, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Kendra Kattelmann, Adrienne A. White

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Ripple Effect Mapping (REM) is an evaluation approach that has traditionally been used in community settings to visually map the impact of programming and community interventions. This manuscript utilizes the Community Capitals Framework (CCF) to inform REM and to better highlight the changes and impact between various levels of a community, following a childhood obesity prevention intervention. The addition of in-depth qualitative analyses makes this approach particularly useful for the evaluation of interventions with a research–community partnership focus. The objective of this study was to describe a CCF-informed REM approach with detailed protocol, training, and application to the community-based, childhood …

Principles Of Nutrition (Ghc), Lisa Jellum, Jason Hitzeman, Mark Knauss, Sharryse Henderson, Tom Harnden, Cynthia Elsberry, Greg Ford

Nursing and Health Sciences Grants Collections

This Grants Collection for Principles of Nutrition was created under a Round Nine ALG Textbook Transformation Grant.

Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process.

Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials:

• Linked Syllabus
• Initial Proposal
• Final Report

How To Manage Blood Sugar; Establishing Healthy Defaults, Julie Hiller

All Student-Created Educational Resources

The pamphlet educates the audience on strategies to use in managing blood sugar through diet and exercise. This handout introduces the concept of healthy defaults. Suggestions are made on how to implement food and exercise healthy defaults into daily life. Education is also provided on the glycemic index (GI) and low GI foods are suggested.

Nutrition For The Pregnant Teen, Megan Thompson

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This brochure is intended to provide basic advice to pregnant teenagers on ways to create daily habits. It provides a brief definition of healthy defaults, and why they are important during pregnancy. It contains an overview of the food groups, and how to incorporate them into daily life. It also provides some web resources and names of food assistance programs that may be beneficial for them. Finally, it also suggests ways to use family and friends as source of support as well.

How To Reverse Type 2 Diabetes By Changing To A Low-Fat, Plant-Based, Whole Foods Diet, Manon Barron Carbajal

All Student-Created Educational Resources

Diabetes is on the rise across the globe, especially within the aging sector. Changing unhealthy diet and lifestyle “default” habits are an effective means of preventing, managing, and even reversing type 2 diabetes. The current trend in clinical nutrition recommendations involve calorie-counting, portion control, and carbohydrate restriction, including those found in fruits and vegetables. However, after assessing diets from many different populations, worldwide, scientific research studies have determined that the most effective diets, in reducing blood sugar and cholesterol, and improving insulin sensitivity, are low-fat, plant-based, whole foods diets. This pamphlet is intended for a general audience (8^th grade …

Eat Right In No Time, Bonnie Keating

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout informs the audience on how to eat a healthier diet by planning out meals a week in advance and setting aside time to shop and cook in order to avoid eating convenience food. There are time saving tips for cooking kitchen to help make meal prepping less labor intensive. Also, recommendation for the type of foods to meal prep is provided.

Making Healthy Eating An Easy Part Of Your Child’S Life, Rebecca Modesitt

All Student-Created Educational Resources

The handout informs the audience on strategies for how to make healthy eating an easy or default choice for young children. It breaks these strategies down in order to make implementation easier for parents.

Easy Default Food Switches For Adults Trying To Reduce Their Obesity; An Interactive Experience, Christa Corgatelli

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This pamphlet provides an interactive learning experience for obese adults looking for new ideas to reduce their obesity. It defines and provides examples of foods, location, and situational defaults. The interactive questionnaire helps the reader work through current defaults and demonstrates how to make healthier food choices with given options. Tips are provided to help the reader to handle the location and situational defaults. Finally, how to make these healthy defaults the only defaults with an offer of additional aid if necessary.

Ways To Healthier Teenage Years, David Troelsch

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This educational handout seeks to offer simple ways to improve an eating lifestyle. Through simple changes in lifestyle, like reading a nutrition label, a teenage girl can take control of her nutrition and have a healthy life. Another way to improve health easily is choosing a wide variety of colorful fruits and vegetables. Again, a simple thing that any teenager can accomplish, this provides a better chance for the necessary vitamins and minerals to be consumed throughout the teenage years. All of these simple solutions will also help set teenagers up for a successful and healthy adult life as well, …

It Begins With You, Pre-Diabetes Prevention Creating Life Long Healthy Habits, Debbie Safra

All Student-Created Educational Resources

When adults are faced with choices they often choose what is familiar or their go-to favorite. This brochure is intended to educate and provide helpful alternatives to change a habit to help prevent metabolic disorders such as; pre-diabetes and diabetes.

How To Easily Adopt A Plant-Based Diet For Weight Loss And Health Promotion, Jennifer West

All Student-Created Educational Resources

The Healthy Defaults How-To Pamphlet is intended to provide guidance and healthy defaults to assist individuals in adopting a plant-based diet. Tips on how to transition, save time in the kitchen, plant-based swaps, how to set up a power plate, omit oil when cooking and resources such as phone applications for meal plans and recipes, books and documentaries will be discussed.

What Are The Effects Of Nutrition Counseling Intervention On The Renal Labs (Bun, Creatinine, Gfr) Among Mexican American Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-4 At 1 Month, 3 Months And 6 Months?, Laura Rosales

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This is a quantitative quasi-experiment that will use purposive sampling to recruit the Mexican American adult patients diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Stages 1 and 2 and have not been diagnosed with Diabetes or received nutrition intervention for CKD^. The purpose of this research is to identify at what stage nutrition counseling has a significant result on renal labs from patients diagnosed with CKD. The data from this research would provide information needed for medical providers to use in their treatment course for their patients with CKD.

Nutrition Education For The Dental Hygienist: An Intervention Using An Online Curriculum, Lindsy Rhead

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This submission includes an abstract and poster for a proposed nutrition education intervention for dental hygiene students. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the efficacy of an online applied nutrition course in improving nutrition knowledge and confidence levels in dental hygienists.

Simple Health Snacks For Parents & Kids, Hannah Harvey

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This pamphlet touches upon risk factors of childhood obesity and obesity in general, and provides lifestyle recommendations for reducing risk and improving health. It includes suggestions for behavior and good habits that can be implemented in daily life to improve health and well-being, as well as various food type and meal suggestions.

Jane’S Guide To Achieving A Healthy Weight, Une Applied Nutrition Program

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout is a simple guide to assist a female teenager in reducing and maintaining a healthy weight for her age. It includes tips on how many calories to consume, how to make healthier nutrition choices, and also other non-nutrition related suggestions for increasing physical activity.