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Intimate Partner Violence Among Hiv Infected And Uninfected Pregnant Women Delivering At A National Hospital In Tanzania: Using A Modified Screening Tool, Hussein Kidanto, Andrew H. Mgaya, Birgitta Essen

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Worldwide Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health problem, affecting all women and vulnerable groups such as HIV-infected women. This study aimed to test the applicability of assessment of IPV using a simple screening tool, among women giving birth at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania, to estimate the prevalence and severity of IPV among HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women, and to assess the odds of IPV among both groups of women.

Methods: A questionnaire including screening questions was applied to women delivered at Muhimbili National Hospital to identify those that experienced IPV. Demographics, HIV status, male partner’s …

Metabolic Syndrome And Its Predictors In An Urban Population In Kenya: A Cross Sectional Study, Geoffrey Omuse, Daniel Maina, Mariza Hoffman, Jane Mwangi, Caroline Wambua, Elizabeth Kagotho, Angela Amayo, Peter Ojwang, Zul Premji, Kiyoshi Ichihara, Rajiv Erasmus

Pathology, East Africa

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clustering of interrelated risk factors which doubles the risk of cardio-vascular disease (CVD) in 5–10 years and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes 5 fold. The identification of modifiable CVD risk factors and predictors of MetS in an otherwise healthy population is necessary in order to identify individuals who may benefit from early interventions. We sought to determine the prevalence of MetS as defined by the harmonized criteria and its predictors in subjectively healthy black Africans from various urban centres in Kenya.

Method: We used data collected from healthy black Africans in …

Is Time Of Birth A Predictor Of Adverse Perinatal Outcome? A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study In A Low-Resource Setting, Tanzania, Andrew H. Mgaya, Januarius Hinju, Hussein Kidanto

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Background Inconsistent evidence of a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes during off-hours compared to office hours necessitated a search for clear evidence of an association between time of birth and adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods A cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital compared perinatal outcomes across three working shifts over 24 h. A checklist and a questionnaire were used to record parturients’ socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, mode of delivery and perinatal outcomes, including 5th minute Apgar score, and early neonatal mortality. Risks of adverse outcomes included maternal age, parity, referral status and mode of delivery, and were assessed …

Improved Postpartum Care After A Participatory Facilitation Intervention In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: A Mixed Method Evaluation, Eunice Pallangyo, Columba Mbekenga, Pia Olsson, Christine Rubertsson, Carina Källestål

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: In order to improve the health and survival of mothers/newborns, the quality and attendance rates of postpartum care (PPC) must be increased, particularly in low-resource settings.

Objective: To describe outcomes of a collegial facilitation intervention to improve PPC in government-owned health institutions in a low-resource suburb in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Methods: A before-and-after evaluation of an intervention and comparison group was conducted using mixed methods (focus group discussions, questionnaires, observations, interviews, and field-notes) at health institutions. Maternal and child health aiders, enrolled nurse midwives, registered nurse midwives, and medical and clinical officers participated. A collegial facilitation intervention was …

Contextual Factors And Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young, Black Men, Jamal Jones, Laura F. Salazar, Richard A. Crosby

Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications

Young Black men (YBM), aged 13 to 24 years, face a disproportionate burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). STI acquisition among YBM is due to incorrect and inconsistent condom use and is exacerbated by multiple sexual partners. Sexual and reproductive health is influenced by a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social determinants that contribute to increased risk for STI acquisition. However, there are key social determinants of sexual health that play a major role in adolescent sexual risk-taking behaviors: gender norms, environment, peers, and families as well as a desire to impregnate a woman. Associations between contextual factors (risky …

The Malaria Testing And Treatment Landscape In Mainland Tanzania, 2016., Kathryn A. O'Connell, Vamsi Vasireddy, Megan Littrell, Andria Rusk, Actwatch Group, Daniel Michael, Sigsbert Patila Mkunde

Collected Faculty Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Understanding the key characteristics of malaria testing and treatment is essential to the control of a disease that continues to pose a major risk of morbidity and mortality in mainland Tanzania, with evidence of a resurgence of the disease in recent years. The introduction of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment for malaria, alongside policies to promote rational case management following testing, highlights the need for evidence of anti-malarial and testing markets in the country. The results of the most recent mainland Tanzania ACTwatch outlet survey are presented here, including data on the availability, market share and …

Utilization And Accessibility Of Securinega Virosa For Medical Use In Morogoro Municipality, Sasha Friedrich

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Approximately 80% of rural communities in Tanzania utilize the services of traditional healers. This is largely because modern medicine is often expensive, inaccessible, or has undesirable side effects. This study investigates use of traditional medicine in Morogoro Urban district where people do have access to hospitals. In particular, this study aims to assess the utilization and accessibility the plant species Securinega virosa for medicinal use by identifying and interviewing the actors involved in the supply chain from harvester to consumer. I conducted semi-structured interviews with eight traditional healers and one herbal medicine shopkeeper. I expected harvesters to express a decline …

47th Annual Wku Student Research Conference, Student Research Council,

Student Research Conference Select Presentations

See document below for project abstracts

2017 Abstracts Student Research Conference, Student Research Conference

Student Research Conference Select Presentations

No abstract provided.

Non-Communicable Diseases And Related Risk Behaviors Among Men And Women Living With Hiv In Cambodia: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Study, Pheak Chhoun, Chanrith Ngin, Martin Steel, Jennifer Dionisio, Hattie Pearson, Carinne M. Brody, Siyan Yi

Background: There is a growing concern for an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in people living with HIV. This concern is evident especially in developing countries where dietary and lifestyle risk factors associated with NCDs are becoming more prominent. This study explored the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia and related risk factors in men and women living with HIV in Cambodia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 510 adult people living with HIV randomly selected from one city and four provinces in Cambodia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, …

Quality Assurance Self-Assessment: A Catalyst At Aga Khan University, Tashmin Khamis, Khairunnisa Dhamani

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

This article describes the establishment of the Aga Khan University’s Network of Quality Assurance and Improvement in promoting the principles of quality in its programmes. As an international university, the experiences and lessons learned have the potential to inform quality assurance and improvement in similar contexts. The authors reflect on past attempts to improve the quality of educational offerings, which were primarily traditional quality assurance audits. With the advent of the Inter-University Council for East Africa self-assessment process, the next generation of quality assurance and improvement was launched for the Aga Khan University programmes. They found the self-assessment process effective …

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex In The Western Cape, South Africa: The Clinical Presentation Features, E. Kija, B. Schlegel, Pauline Samia, M. Wessels, J. M. Wilmshurst

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic neurocutaneous condition, which affects multiple organ systems. This study aimed to determine the presenting features of children with TSC in Cape Town, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a TSC clinic, and clinical features at presentation were prospectively collected. Thirty-nine children (23 boys; median age 10 (range 1 - 26) years; median diagnosis age 16 (0 - 153) months) were recruited. Twenty-one (54%) children presented with focal seizures. Seven (18%) children had epileptic spasms. Skin manifestations led to a diagnosis in 13 (33%) and neuroimaging in 22 (56%) children. Antenatal screening …

Mental Disorders And Associated Factors Among Adolescents In Juvenile Detention, Stewart Mbelwa

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Introduction: The number of children and adolescents admitted in Dar es Salaam juvenile centers due to misbehavior and criminal offences has risen from 20 to 30 per month. Increasing aberrant behaviors in children have been linked to mental disorders. Assessment of presence mental health disorders as the main cause of these behaviors would be important to restore mental health of children and assist the system to impose a fair trial.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the presence of mental disorders and associated factors among children and adolescents within Dar es Salaam juvenile systems and explore factors that may affect …

Knowledge Of Malaria Infection And Treatment-Seeking Behavior Among Tanzanian Pregnant Women, Emebet T. Derjew

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite the availability of effective drugs to prevent malaria during pregnancy using intermittent preventive treatment with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine or Fansidar and insecticide bed net, use of these methods are still little used in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Tanzania. As a result, many pregnant women are at risk of malaria consequences such as maternal anemia and low birth weight babies, which increase the rate of infant mortality. Data from the Demographic Health Survey for Tanzania HIV/AIDs and the Malaria Indicator Survey 2011-2012 were used in a cross-sectional design guided by the health belief model. Logistic regression examined the association between (a) preventive treatment-seeking …

Enhancing Access To Post-Rape Care For Child Survivors In The Context Of Police And Health Services In Zambia: A Feasibility Assessment Of A Police Response Model, Nachela Chelwa, Kshipra Hemal, George Msipu Phiri, Michael Mbizvo, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

This study builds on previous interventions by the Population Council and the Zambia Police Service to mitigate unintended pregnancy and HIV among survivors of sexual violence by involving trained police in task-sharing interventions. These previous efforts have involved police providing emergency contraceptive pills and HIV post-exposure prophylaxis to survivors reporting to police stations, in addition to referrals to health facilities. The objective of the current study was to assess the feasibility of implementing a transportation intervention within police stations, coupled with training and sensitization for police officers to perform their government-mandated roles in post-rape care. This intervention was developed as …

High Prevalence Of Non-Communicable Diseases And Associated Risk Factors Amongst Adults Living With Hiv In Cambodia, Pheak Chhoun, Sovannary Tuot, Anthony D. Harries, Nang Thu Thu Kyaw, Khuondyla Pal, Carinne M. Brody, Siyan Yi

BACKGROUND:

With rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy for HIV, there are rising life expectancies among people living with HIV. As a result, co-morbidity from non-communicable diseases in those living and aging with HIV is increasingly being reported. Published data on this issue have been limited in Cambodia. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and associated risk factors in adults living with HIV in Cambodia.

METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in five provinces of Cambodia from May-June 2015. Information was obtained on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics through face-to-face interviews using …

ความชุกของความผิดปกติจากการตรวจหัวใจด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูงในผู้สูงอายุที่ติดเชื้อและไม่ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีในประเทศไทยภายหลังได้รับการรักษา, วีระยุทธ ธิมาภรณ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ที่มา: ในยุคของการรักษาการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีด้วยยาต้านไวรัสที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูง โรคทางระบบหัวใจและหลอดเลือดได้กลายเป็นปัญหาสำคัญในผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวี มีการศึกษาพบความผิดปกติหลายประการจากการตรวจหัวใจด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูงรวมถึงความผิดปกติในช่วงการคลายตัวของหัวใจ ซึ่งยังไม่มีข้อมูลนี้ในประชากรไทยสูงอายุ
วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อศึกษาความชุกของความผิดปกติของหัวใจที่ตรวจพบด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูงในผู้ป่วยไทยวัยสูงอายุที่ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีโดยไม่มีอาการและสามารถควบคุมปริมาณไวรัสได้เปรียบเทียบกับผู้ที่ไม่ติดเชื้อ
วิธีการศึกษา: การศึกษาโดยสังเกตการณ์ ณ จุดเวลาใด โดยมีกลุ่มควบคุมที่ได้รับการแบ่งกลุ่มตัวอย่างแบบโควตาโดยกลุ่มอายุและเพศเดียวกัน มีผู้เข้าร่วมการศึกษาทั้งสิ้น 398 คนที่ไม่มีโรคทางระบบหัวใจและหลอดเลือดและเป็นผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวี 298 คน (ร้อยละ 75) และได้รับการตรวจหัวใจด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูง แปลผลโดยผู้สังเกตการณ์คนเดียวที่ไม่ทราบสถานะการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีของผู้เข้าร่วมการศึกษา
ผลการศึกษา: ผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวีมีมัธยฐานของจำนวน CD4 614 เซลล์/ลบ.มม. ร้อยละ 97.35 สามารถควบคุมปริมาณไวรัสได้ และได้รับยาต้านไวรัสเป็นระยะเวลาที่มัธยฐาน 16.2 ปี พบความชุกของความผิดปกติในช่วงการบีบตัวของหัวใจ ร้อยละ 1.1 ความผิดปกติในช่วงการคลายตัวของหัวใจร้อยละ 24.2 และความดันหลอดเลือดปอดสูง ร้อยละ 3.7 โดยไม่มีความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p<0.05) เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับกลุ่มไม่ติดเชื้อ และผลการตรวจหัวใจด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูงระหว่างสองกลุ่มตัวอย่างไม่มีความแตกต่างกันอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ อายุ > 60ปี, ดัชนีมวลกาย > 23 กก./ตร.ม., ความเสี่ยง ASCVD สูง, ความดันโลหิตสูง, เบาหวาน, กลุ่มอาการเมแทบอลิก มีความสัมพันธ์กับความผิดปกติในช่วงการคลายตัวของหัวใจ และ เพศหญิง, การได้รับยากลุ่มสแตติน และ ดัชนีปริมาตรของหัวใจห้องบนซ้าย > 34 มล./ตร.ม. มีความสัมพันธ์กับความดันหลอดเลือดปอดสูง
สรุปผล: ความชุกของความผิดปกติในช่วงการบีบตัวของหัวใจและความดันระบบไหลเวียนปอดสูงของผู้ป่วยติดเชื้อเอชไอวีชาวไทยวัยสูงอายุในการศึกษานี้ต่ำ ไม่พบความแตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติของความผิดปกติในช่วงการคลายตัวของหัวใจและผลการตรวจหัวใจด้วยคลื่นสะท้อนความถี่สูงเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับผู้ไม่ติดเชื้อที่กลุ่มอายุและเพศเดียวกัน

Individual And Institutional Level Factors That Influence Hiv Testing And Counseling Utilization During Antenatal Care In Nigeria, Modupeoluwa O. Durojaiye

All ETDs from UAB

Of the estimated 150,000 new HIV infections in children in 2015, 122,000 occurred in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with Nigeria accounting for a third of all cases. Most of these infections were acquired via mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). HIV testing and counseling, a critical first step in the prevention of MTCT (PMTCT), can ensure that HIV-positive women access services that can reduce HIV transmission risk. Incorporating HIV testing and counseling into antenatal care (ANC) is an integral component of the World Health Organization (WHO) strategies. This dissertation aims to understand factors that influence HIV testing and counseling during ANC. It is comprised …

High Resolution Melting: A Useful Field-Deployable Method To Measure Dhfr And Dhps Drug Resistance In Both Highly And Lowly Endemic Plasmodium Populations, Yaye Dié Ndiaye, Cyrille K. Diédhiou, Amy K. Bei, Baba Dieye, Aminata Mbaye, Nasserdine Papa Mze, Rachel F. Daniels, Ibrahima M. Ndiaye, Awa B. Déme, Amy Gaye, Mouhamad Sy, Tolla Ndiaye, Aida S. Badiane, Mouhamadou Ndiaye, Zul Premji, Dyann F. Wirth, Souleymane Mboup, Donald Krogstad, Sarah K. Volkman, Ambroise D. Ahouidi, Daouda Ndiaye

Pathology, East Africa

Background: Emergence and spread of drug resistance to every anti-malarial used to date, creates an urgent need for development of sensitive, specifc and feld-deployable molecular tools for detection and surveillance of validated drug resistance markers. Such tools would allow early detection of mutations in resistance loci. The aim of this study was to compare common population signatures and drug resistance marker frequencies between two populations with diferent levels of malaria endemicity and history of anti-malarial drug use: Tanzania and Sénégal. This was accomplished by implementing a high resolution melting assay to study molecular markers of drug resistance as compared to …

The Effect Of Continuing Professional Development From The Perspective Of Nurses And Midwives Who Participated In Continuing Education Programs Offered By Global Health Alliance Western Australia: A Mixed-Method Study, Yan Ing (Jenni) Ng

Theses

Continuing professional development (CPD) opportunities for nurses and midwives are central to improving knowledge, broadening skills and maintaining competencies to provide best practice and clinical care. This is gained through participating in continuing education (CE). CPD is readily accessible and a mandatory requirement for nurses and midwives in developed nations, such as Australia. However, in developing countries, such as Tanzania, while CPD is promoted, it has limited availability. As such, the Global Health Alliance Western Australia (GHAWA), an international health development program, seeks to provide further sustainable CPD opportunities for nurses and midwives in Tanzania.

The purpose of this research …

Emotional And Relationship Dynamics Between Hiv Serodiscordance And Concordance Couples: A Narrative Literature Review And Theoretical Framework, Amani Mwakalapuka, Ipyana Mwampagatwa, Theodora Bali, Masumbuko Mwashambwa, Stephen Kibusi, Tumbwene Mwansisya

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Tanzania is among the countries with high prevalence of HIV prevalence in the World. Despite the fact that the epidemic has been, and still is a threat to persons of all ages, recent studies have suggested that most new infections occur among couples in stable relationships. Infected couples are categorised into two: the positive concordant, where both the partners are HIV positive; and sero-discordant couples, where one partner is HIV positive while the other is negative. Recently, researchers and many other stake-holders working on the HIV/AIDS epidemic have given a remarkable attention to this astonishing reality. For instance one study …

Barriers To Switching Patients To Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Among Clinicians In Tanzania, Peter Charles Mgosha

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Poor decision making among clinicians to transferring human immune deficiency virus (HIV) patients into second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has led to an increase in morbidity and mortality to people living with HIV (PLHIV). No clear barriers are known for clinicians not switching their patients. This is a descriptive qualitative research aimed to discover obstacles that influence clinicians' decision making to transferring patients into second-line ART despite higher level resistance to first-line ART. The researcher applied a participatory action research framework to solve the identified barriers with clinicians. Using the research questions the researcher explored reasons, perceived barriers and enabling factors …

The Adequacy And Perceived Impact Of Nigeria's Health Policy, Kennedy Magoma Ongwae

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

From 2004 to 2015, the health sector in Nigeria was substantially underfunded despite the existence of a federal health policy committing 15% of the national budget to health care financing. The purpose of this narrative and phenomenological study was to explore the nature and significance of economic claims made in this policy. The central research question examined the extent to which these economic claims were perceived to be realistic, attainable, and successful in meeting their intended policy objectives and impact. The study's conceptual framework combined Kingdon's ambiguity and multiple streams theory, Roe's narrative policy analysis, and Skocpol's policy feedback theory. …

Psychosocial Correlates Of Diabetes Self-Management Practices, Muhammad W. Darawad, Sawsan Hammad, Sultan Mosleh, Osama A. Samarkandi, Ayman Hamdan-Mansour, Amani A. Khalil, Diana Arabiat

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background

Self-Management is a crucial regimen for patients with diabetes mellitus. Many factors have affected patients' self-management practice including psychosocial factors. Literature revealed contradictory results concerning the psychosocial correlates of patients' self-management practices. Therefore, this study assessed the psychosocial correlates of diabetes self-management practices among Jordanian diabetic patients.

Methods

A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was utilized to collect data (conducted in the middle region of Jordan in 2015) from 341 Jordanian outpatients with diabetes using self-reported questionnaires (Social Support Scale, CES-D, and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) and chart review.

Results

Participants reported practice rate of 2.85/ 7 (SD …

Cost Analysis Of Large-Scale Implementation Of The ‘Helping Babies Breathe’ Newborn Resuscitation-Training Program In Tanzania, Sumona Chaudhury, Lauren Arlington, Shelby Brenan, Allan Kaijunga Kairuki, Amunga Robson Meda, Kahabi Isangula, Victor Mponzi, Dunstan Bishanga, Erica Thomas, Georgina Msemo, Mary Azayo, Alice Molinier, Brett D. Nelson

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) has become the gold standard globally for training birth-attendants in neonatal resuscitation in low-resource settings in efforts to reduce early newborn asphyxia and mortality. The purpose of this study was to do a first-ever activity-based cost-analysis of at-scale HBB program implementation and initial follow-up in a large region of Tanzania and evaluate costs of national scale-up as one component of a multi-method external evaluation of the implementation of HBB at scale in Tanzania.

Methods: We used activity-based costing to examine budget expense data during the two-month implementation and follow-up of HBB in one of the …

Substance Use And Psychosocial Status Among People Living With Hiv/Aids Who Encountered Hiv Stigma In China: Stratified Analyses By Socio-Economic Status, Chen Zhang, Xiaoming Li, Yu Liu, Shan Qiao, Yuejiao Zhou, Zhiyong Shen, Yi Chen

Faculty Publications

This study examined whether the impact of HIV stigma on psychosocial status and substance use among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) differed by their socio-economic status (SES) in a Chinese setting. A total of 2,987 PLWHA were recruited from 12 sites with the highest number of cumulative HIV incidence in Guangxi, China. Participants were asked to provide information regarding their psychosocial status (e.g., depression, anxiety), history of substance use (e.g., tobacco, alcohol and drug) and SES (e.g., education, monthly income, residence type, and job category). By employing stratified multivariate regression analyses, we assessed stratum-specific impacts of HIV stigma on PLWHA’s …

Substance Use And Psychosocial Status Among People Living With Hiv/Aids Who Encountered Hiv Stigma In China: Stratified Analyses By Socio-Economic Status, Chen Zhang, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Yu Liu, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Yuejiao Zhou, Zhiyong Shen, Yi Chen

Faculty Publications

This study examined whether the impact of HIV stigma on psychosocial status and substance use among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) differed by their socio-economic status (SES) in a Chinese setting. A total of 2,987 PLWHA were recruited from 12 sites with the highest number of cumulative HIV incidence in Guangxi, China. Participants were asked to provide information regarding their psychosocial status (e.g., depression, anxiety), history of substance use (e.g., tobacco, alcohol and drug) and SES (e.g., education, monthly income, residence type, and job category). By employing stratified multivariate regression analyses, we assessed stratum-specific impacts of HIV stigma on PLWHA’s …

Criteria-Based Audit To Improve Quality Of Care Of Foetal Distress: Standardising Obstetric Care At A National Referral Hospital In A Low Resource Setting, Tanzania, Andrew H. Mgaya, Helena Litorp, Hussein L. Kidanto, Lennarth Nyström, Birgitta Essén

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background, In Tanzania, substandard intrapartum management of foetal distress contributes to a third of perinatal deaths, and the majority are term deliveries. We conducted a criteria-based audit with feedback to determine whether standards of diagnosis and management of foetal distress would be improved in a low-resource setting.

Methods, During 2013–2015, a criteria-based audit was performed at the national referral hospital in Dar es Salaam. Case files of deliveries with a diagnosis of foetal distress were identified and audited. Two registered nurses under supervision of a nurse midwife, a specialist obstetrician and a consultant obstetrician, reviewed the case files. Criteria for …

Hiv/Stis And Intimate Partner Violence: Results From The Togo 2013-2014 Demographic And Health Surveys, Anthony H. Nguyen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: Among clinic based studies, intimate partner violence (IPV) has been shown to contribute to HIV/AIDS among young girls and women. Results from studies among the general population have been less consistent. This study evaluated the associations between HIV infection, any sexually transmitted infections, and IPV in a population based sample of Togolese women.

Methods: Data from the Togo 2013-2014 Demographic and Health Surveys were utilized for these analyses. Women aged 15-49 who were currently married, had HIV test results and answered the Domestic Violence Module were analyzed (n = 2386). Generalized linear mixed-models adjusting for sociodemographic variables, risk behaviors, …

Improving Standards Of Care In Obstructed Labour: A Criteria-Based Audit At A Referral Hospital In A Low-Resource Setting In Tanzania, Andrew H. Mgaya, Hussein Kidanto, Lennarth Nystrom, Birgitta Essén

Faculty of Health Sciences, East Africa

Objective In low-resource settings, obstructed labour is strongly associated with severe maternal morbidity and intrapartum asphyxia, and consequently maternal and perinatal deaths. This study evaluated the impact of a criteria-based audit of the diagnosis and management of obstructed labour in a low-resource setting.

Methods A baseline criteria-based audit was conducted from October 2013 to March 2014, followed by a workshop in which stakeholders gave feedback on interventions agreed upon to improve obstetric care. The implemented interventions included but were not limited to introducing standard guidelines for diagnosis and management of obstructed labour, agreeing on mandatory review by specialist for cases …