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Investigation Of Patients' Use Of Non-Pharmacological Substances In Dental Pain Management, Neslihan Yılmaz Çırakoğlu, Özgenur Kaya

Journal of Dentistry Indonesia

Background: Dental pain is a complex condition influenced by biological, biochemical, environmental, and psychological factors. Before seeking professional care, many patients attempt to relieve dental pain using self-administered, non-medical agents. This study aimed to investigate patients’ use of non-pharmacological substances in dental pain management and to identify factors influencing these practices.

Methods: The questionnaire consisted of four sections addressing demographic characteristics, oral hygiene habits, pain characteristics, and pain-relief agents. Categorical variables were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test. Categorical data are presented as frequencies and percentages, while continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and median values. …

The Correlation Between Medication Adherence, Blood Glucose Levels, And Quality Of Life In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus At Ciamis Regional Hospital, Amyla Putri Nurul Nazmi, Nur Rahayuningsih, Lusi N

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition requiring continuous treatment, including patient adherence to prescribed medication. This study aimed to explore the relationship between medication adherence, blood glucose levels, and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Ciamis Regional Hospital, conducted from January to March 2025, the research employed a quantitative, prospective cross-sectional design involving 49 hospitalized patients. Data included blood glucose levels (RPG, FPG, 2hPG), medication adherence measured using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), and quality of life assessed via the Diabetes Quality of Life-Brief Clinical Inventory (DQOL-BCI). The chi-square test was used …

Analysis Of Pharmacotherapy And Non-Pharmacotherapy Burden From The Ina-Cbgs Package For Cesarean Section Surgery At The Regional General Hospital Dr. Soedarso In 2023, Ananda Rizky Awwaliyah, Nurmainah Nurmainah, Ridha Ulfah

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

The prevalence of cesarean sections has been increasing each year. Previous studies show that the cost of medications and medical supplies for cesarean patients accounts for one-third of the total care costs. In the era of National Health Insurance (NHI), medications and medical supplies are considered operational expenses for hospitals rather than sources of income. This condition requires proper medication management and the use of medical supplies. This study aims to analyze the percentage of pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy, including the types and quantities of medications as well as disposable medical supplies used on patients undergoing cesarean section procedures at the …

Alexithymia In Substance Use Disorders: A Scoping Review Of Therapeutic Approaches, Pratami Diah Herliani, Shelly Iskandar, Angela Vera Herman Efendi

Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research

Alexithymia, defined as the inability to recognize and express emotions, has a high prevalence (40–50%) among individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), particularly alcohol use disorder, and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Despite this, comprehensive mapping of psychotherapeutic interventions targeting this condition within the SUD population remains limited. This study aimed to systematically map the therapeutic approaches investigated to address alexithymia among individuals with substance use disorders and to summarize the reported outcomes. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines using systematic literature searches in the PubMed and Scopus databases. Relevant studies were screened based …

Understanding Factors Influencing Multiple Tobacco Product Use Among Adolescents In Thailand: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach, Chaowalit Srisoem

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Tobacco use among Thai adolescents is shaped by personal, environmental, and product-related factors. However, the pathways linking these influences to actual behavior remain unclear. This study examined how personal, environmental, and product-related factors, along with intentions to use, relate to tobacco use among Thai adolescents. A cross-sectional secondary analysis was conducted using data from the 2022 Thailand Global Youth Tobacco Survey of 6,235 students aged 13–15 years. Survey weights methods were applied to produce nationally representative estimates. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling assessed latent constructs, and multinomial logistic regression examined predictors of single, dual, and multiple product use. …

The Lived Spirituality Experiences Of Adult Diabetes Patients In Adhering To Treatment, Dwight Mahaputera Marulitua Hutapea

The Qualitative Report

This descriptive phenomenological study explored the lived spirituality experiences of adult patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in adhering to treatment. Prior research has indicated that spirituality may influence attitudes toward and adherence to chronic disease management; however, empirical evidence addressing the spiritual dimension among people with diabetes remains limited. Guided by Colaizzi's (1978) phenomenological method, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 purposively selected participants, equally distributed among Christians and Muslims. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to rigorous phenomenological analysis. Seven themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) spirituality strengthens relationships; (b) spirituality affects choices and outcomes; …

The Correlation Between Ankle Proprioception And Lower Extremity Muscle Reactions In Response To Simulated Ankle Sprains, Erin Carroll, Justin Stanek, Abby Salvadore

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Neurological structures of the somatosensory system provide proprioceptive and neuromuscular input regarding joint positioning to the brain. Lower extremity motor control relies on local proprioceptive input to the central nervous system and neuromuscular control of individual joints to produce coordinated, global responses to external events. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between ankle proprioception and lower extremity muscle reaction time in response to an unexpected ankle inversion perturbation.

Methods: Twenty healthy college-aged volunteers were recruited to participate by word of mouth. Absolute and exact errors for passive joint position sense (PJPS) were assessed using a …

Electrical Stimulation And Localized Heat After Dry Needling Treatment To Reduce Low Back Pain, Morgan M. Mersola, Amanda Hawkes, Adam Mendenhall

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a musculoskeletal condition that often leads to reduced quality of life, prompting the need for effective conservative interventions such as dry needling (DN). A randomized controlled pilot study involving 12 participants was conducted at a physical therapy clinic.

Methods: The final subject pool consisted of a convenience sample of adults with CLBP lasting > 3 months. Participants were randomly assigned to either a dry needling-only group (DNO) or a dry needling plus modalities group (DN+M). The DNO group received a single dry needling treatment located at various sites along the multifidus by a physical …

Cost Analysis Of Rheumatoid Arthritis In Insured Patients And Its Determinant Factors: Data From A National Referral Hospital In Indonesia, Rudy Hidayat, Fara Fauzia, Mochammad Alfansyah Dhifanra, Aries Maulana

Kesmas

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to progressive functional impairment and considerable economic burden. This study estimated the annual (12-month) cost per patient among patients with RA and its determinant factors. A descriptive cross-sectional economic study of RA patients who had been treated for at least one year at the outpatient clinic of a national referral hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia, and met the 2010 ACR–EULAR criteria. Data collected from January 2023 to December 2024 were obtained from medical and billing records for demographic characteristics, direct medical costs, and DAS28-based disease activity, whereas non-medical and indirect costs were collected through structured patient interviews. …

Isolation, Structural Characterization, And In Vitro Bioactivity Assessment Of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Lacticaseibacillus Paracasei, Dwi Liza Ramadiani, Ratika Rahmasari, Tri Wahyuni, Kusmiati Kusmiati, Herman Irawan, Khatarina Meldawati Pasaribu

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The field of study on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently focused on probiotic bacteria, due to their ability to exhibit a wide variety of biological activity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of nutrient modulation during Lacticaseibacillus paracasei cultivation on EVs production and bioactivity. EVs were isolated by ultrafiltration method and were characterized using NTA and cryo-TEM. An in vitro evaluation was used to assess the bioactivities, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory potential, and ability to inhibit α-glucosidase activity. The results showed that the 2 LPEV exhibited the characteristics of vesicles with size of 96.04–100.29 nm. Cultivation in 50% MRS …

Implementation Of Medical Documentation Sign-In Sheets For Patient Evaluations And Treatments: A Quality Improvement Project, Madicyn Barnes, Beth Davis, Kaitlyn L. Holland, Zachary K. Winkelmann

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Medical documentation of athletic training services at a large, public secondary school was limited to clinically significant or legally sensitive information entered into the electronic medical record (EMR) system. There are only 2 full-time athletic trainers (ATs) providing medical services to over 800 student-athletes across 45 different teams throughout the school year. Due to the large patient load, documentation is difficult to complete and, therefore, limited to the most “significant” information. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve medical documentation at this secondary school by implementing physical sign-in sheets in the athletic training facility (ATF) to …

The Evaluation Of A Soft Skills Curriculum In Athletic Training Education: A Mixed Methods Study, Emily A. Duckett, Heather Schugar, Alison Gardiner-Shires, Jacqueline S. Hodes

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: Developing athletic training students’ soft skills to effectively engage in patient-centered care is integrated throughout multiple Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education Curricular Content Standards. Despite evidence supporting the importance of compassionate care, there is currently data to suggest that health care is experiencing a compassion crisis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways pre-professional athletic training students transfer knowledge from a soft skills curriculum to clinical experiences as students in an entry level master’s program.

Methods: This study is an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. Phase 1 includes participants (n = 19) enrolled in …

Association Between Athletic Trainers And Frequency Of Pediatric Orthopedic Visits, Abaigeal Field, James M. Mensch, Courtney Meyer, Susan W. Yeargin

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

Context: There is sparse research on the relationship between athletic trainer (AT) employment and the number of athletes presenting to orthopedic clinics with sports-related injuries. The purpose of this study is to determine if athletic training services are associated with the frequency of first-time orthopedic office visits for sports-related injuries.

Methods: A retrospective chart review collected injuries between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020 from the electronic health records system for a hospital network in the Southeast United States with 6 orthopedic clinics and included 48 high schools hosting 20 sports with at least 1 AT per school. Patients …

Staff Education To Increase Knowledge And Awareness Of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Alie Sholola Sahid

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Background STIs or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are consequential public health emergencies that affect millions of people globally and have long-term health implications (Garcia et al., 2024). STIs are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact with the most common types of STIs include chlamydia, trichomoniasis, general herpes, and human papillomavirus (HPV). It is estimated that each year, more than 20% of the U.S. population has had an STI, with around 26.2 million cases per year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2024a). The common types of STIs include chlamydia, trichomoniasis, general herpes, and …

Validation Of A Home-Based Tool For Preschool Children Fall Prevention: A Rasch Analysis, Devie Fitri Octaviani, Fatma Lestari, Indang Trihandini, Dadan Erwandi

Kesmas

Unintentional falls are a leading cause of injury among preschool children, primarily occurring in home environments, yet validated tools to assess household fall prevention capacity in low- and middle-income countries remain limited. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically validate the Home-Based Preschool Fall Prevention Instrument using the Rasch Measurement Model. A cross-sectional validation study was conducted in Depok City, Indonesia, involving 167 primary caregivers of preschool children enrolled in kindergartens selected through multistage cluster random sampling. The instrument was developed based on an etiological injury model, socio-ecological perspectives, and risk management principles, and comprised four main factors: child, home, …

Understanding Oral Habits And Malocclusion In School-Aged Children: Insights From Parental And Child Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices, Maria Laurentia Sanjaya, Evan Raditya Pratomo, Markus Santoso, Agrippine Putricia Asaeli, Eveline Yulia Darmadi, Joy Janny Thenarianto, Jennifer Regina Putri Purwono, Eunike Jacquelyn Widarto

Kesmas

Malocclusion is a prevalent oral health problem in children associated with oral bad habits, yet the extent to which parental and child knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) influence orthodontic status remains insufficiently understood. This cross-sectional study investigated relationships between parental and child KAP, oral habits, and malocclusion in school-aged children, involving 67 child–parent pairs from an elementary school in Surabaya, Indonesia. Parental and child KAP as well as child-reported oral habits were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Children subsequently underwent standardized clinical orthodontic examinations, including alginate jaw impressions to produce dental study models, which were evaluated using the Index of …

Determinants Of Multimorbidity Among Stroke Patients For Epidemiological Management In Indonesia's Agro-Coastal Communities, Krish Naufal Anugrah Robby, Isa Ma'rufi, Farida Wahyu Ningtyias, Latifatul Izzah, Nurjazuli Nurjazuli, Suhartono Suhartono, Muchlis Achsan Udji Sofro, Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti, Olivia Listiowati Prawoto, Dedek Sutinbuk, Taufik Kurrohman, Elhoussin Ouassou

Kesmas

Multimorbidity remains a major public health challenge among stroke patients, particularly in agro-coastal communities characterized by socioeconomic vulnerability, limited healthcare access, and lifestyle changes. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of multimorbidity among stroke patients in agro-coastal communities. A quantitative observational analytical design was employed, involving 45 stroke patients selected through total sampling in Jember District, Indonesia. Data were collected through structured interviews, anthropometric measurements, and secondary health records. The model included biological, socioeconomic, healthcare access, and lifestyle as exogenous variables, with multimorbidity as the endogenous variable. Data were analyzed using PLS-SEM, including evaluation of measurement and structural models …

Provincial Disparities In Adolescent Fertility In Indonesia: An Ecological Analysis Of Child Marriage, Median Age At First Marriage, And Family Development Index, Andi Nisa Fathimiyah Afidah, Milla Herdayati

Kesmas

Adolescent fertility remains a public health concern in Indonesia, with substantial variations across provinces. However, the evidence explaining provincial disparities using population-level indicators remains limited. This study aimed to examine provincial disparities in adolescent fertility and assess the association of child marriage, median age at first marriage among women, and the Family Development Index called iBangga with adolescent fertility across Indonesia. This ecological, cross-sectional study used aggregated data from 34 Indonesian provinces. Descriptive statistics, spatial visualization, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed. The mean adolescent fertility rate was 25.0 births per 1,000 female adolescents aged 15–19 years, …

The Association Between Rapid Growth In Children Under The Age Of Five And Adolescent Obesity, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Fadila Wirawan, Iche Andriyani Liberty, Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri, Siti Arifah Pujonarti, Edy Purwanto, Munaya Fauziah

Kesmas

Early-life nutrition is a critical predictor of long-term health, yet the association between rapid early-childhood growth and adolescent obesity, particularly in relation to the “double burden of malnutrition,” remains under-researched in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the association between rapid growth and adolescent obesity. Data were obtained from the 1997, 2000, and 2014 waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). This study included 641 children (aged 0–23 months at baseline) with complete anthropometric measurements across all three waves. Rapid growth was defined as an increase in z-scores of >0.67 in weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), or weight-for-height (WHZ) between …

Self-Management Interventions For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Thai Primary Care And Community Settings: A Scoping Review, Sansanee Seetangkham, Supaluk Seetunya, Subhawan Yodprong

Kesmas

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and economic burden, with significant impacts on health outcomes and quality of life. Effective self-management is crucial for controlling Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Thailand has implemented diverse self-management interventions for adults with T2DM in primary care and community settings, but the components, delivery, duration, and outcomes of these interventions have not been synthesized. Following the Arksey and O’Malley framework, Joanna Briggs Institute guidance, and PRISMA-ScR, five databases were searched from inception to June 2025. Eligible English-language intervention studies involved Thai adults with T2DM in primary care or community settings. Study characteristics …

Environmental Perspective For System Dynamics Modeling Of Stunting Mitigation To Achieve The Sustainable Development Goals In West Sumatra, Indonesia, Elsa Yuniarti, Nabila Azzahra, Yulhendri Yulhendri, Heldi Heldi, Mery Delvina, Saskia Putri Azeli

Kesmas

This study developed a system dynamics model to simulate stunting reduction in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia, by integrating infant and toddler health, maternal health, and environmental determinants. Secondary data from 2020–2024 on low birth weight, immunization, malnutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal chronic energy deficiency, iron and folic acid supplement distribution, sanitation, and safe drinking water access were compiled from West Sumatra Provincial Health Office and Statistics Indonesia, and validated through consultation with five stakeholder institutions. Causal Loop Diagrams mapped feedback relationships among determinants and were translated into Stock Flow Diagrams using Powersim Studio 10. The model was validated through structural verification, …

“When I’M Not Heard, I Feel Like I Don’T Matter”: Advancing Equity In Disability Policy Through Critical Participatory Action Research With People With Intellectual Disability, Cris Marchionne

Student Theses

People with intellectual disability deserve a system that offers flexible, timely, and person-centered support — one that is innovative, sustainable, and holistic in enabling them to live fulfilling lives. This qualitative study, grounded in Critical Participatory Action Research (CPAR), examines how people with intellectual disability experience participation in decision-making within New York State's disability service system. By centering lived experience, the study identifies factors that facilitate or hinder participation in decision-making and examines structural, social, and policy-related barriers that limit agency. Through six focus groups and a Photovoice project with self-advocates receiving OPWDD services, participants described systemic barriers that limited …

Integrating Evidence-Based Practice Into Post-Code Blue Debriefings To Enhance Clinical Practice And Staff Well-Being In The Micu - A Quality Improvement Project, Jeffrey Schall

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction/Background:

Intensive care (ICU) nurses are routinely exposed to traumatic events, such as code blue resuscitations, which contribute to increased stress, burnout, and lower perceived quality of care. A gap analysis of MICU charge nurses and team leaders found that 87% reported that post-code debriefing did not occur and that 40% experienced emotional distress, indicating a need for a brief, structured, emotionally safe reflection process.

Methodology: Using a pre-post design, the CARE tool, adapted from the DISCERN and Post-Code Pause frameworks and validated by three institutional experts, was introduced into practice over six weeks. Nurse champions completed pre-surveys …

Reactive Oxygen Species In Cardiovascular And Hematological Diseases: Mechanisms And Therapeutic Strategies, Anthony L. Alanis, Fernando Cisneros, Hector Trejo, Angela Hong, Kelsey Baker, Alex Zuo

School of Medicine Publications

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in normal cellular functions, including cellular signaling and metabolism of toxins. Excessive ROS contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and hematologic conditions by altering genetic expression, signal transduction, lipid peroxidation, and vascular remodeling. This article investigates the role of ROS in diseases such as cardiovascular disorders and hematological conditions, focusing on molecular mechanisms and emerging treatments for preventative and acute management. We analyzed the role of ROS in mitochondrial dysfunction, redox signaling pathways, and their contribution to inflammation and tissue damage across cardiovascular and blood disorders. We also discuss novel therapies targeting …

Microemulsion Eyedrop For Delivery Of A Pparα Agonist To Improve Diabetic Keratopathy Corneal Wound Healing., Ehsan Kaffash, Wentao Liang, Rudra Pangeni, Joseph M Clayton, Tianyi Li, Sagun Poudel, Shiya Han, Long Zhao, Jian-Xing Ma, Qingguo Xu

PCOM Scholarly Works

Diabetic keratopathy (DK) is characterized by delayed corneal wound healing in diabetes, and recent studies have linked this defect to impaired mitochondrial respiration and reduced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) signaling in the corneal epithelium. The PPARα agonist fenofibrate (Feno) has shown therapeutic potential in diabetic corneal disease, but prior topical and oral approaches still face formulation and translational limitations. In this study, we developed a Feno-loaded microemulsion (Feno microemulsion) eyedrop to improve drug solubility, precorneal residence, and ocular bioavailability of Feno for the treatment of DK. Potential excipients were first screened in primary human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) to identify …

Sexual Harassment In Dentistry: Understanding The Issue And Steps To Prevent It From Happening

Journal IDA

The #MeToo Movement in 2017 shone a light on how widespread sexual abuse and sexual harassment were in the workplace.1 A survey completed in 2020 reported that 38 percent of women experienced different forms of sexual harassment in the workplace, while approximately 15 percent of men reported similar experiences.2 The data indicate, that sexual harassment was not unique to women as men, as well as nonbinary people also reported facing sexual harassment.

Overview Of Indiana Health Records Law

Journal IDA

Inquires regarding the use, access, ownership, retention and disposal of health records have ranked in the top three questions from dentists, dental offices and patients over the last 25 years. As every dental office has dental health records, it is important to understand the legal and professional liability implications for properly handling and safeguarding records.

Dental Treatment: Who Has The Final Say On Oral Health Care?

Journal IDA

Is a patient's autonomy really his or her own? Or like an onion with many skins, is it buried under layers of financial factors, insurance coverage, quality of discussion with the dentist, family obligations and emotional health, and so much more!

Defining Prescriptive Supervision And Delegation In Indiana: The Essential Roles Of The Dental Hygienist And The Dental Assistant On The Dental Team

Journal IDA

According to the 2025 Bowen Policy Snapshot: Indiana Dental Workforce in Context, Indiana faces ongoing dental workforce shortages, with 63 of 92 counties (68 percent) designated as Dental Health Professional Shortage Areas (a federal designation indicating insufficient dental providers). This shortage presents growing challenges for licensed dentists in recruiting and retaining qualified dental assistants and hygienists, roles essential to patient care and practice efficiency. In Indiana, the practice of dentistry and dental hygiene are governed by statutes in the Indiana Code (IC) and administrative rules in the Indiana Administrative Code (IAC). Statutes are laws enacted by the legislature; rules are …

Guided Tissue Regeneration Of Localized Deep Combined 2-To-3- Wall Angular Defects: A Clinical Case Report With 15-Month Follow-Up

Journal IDA

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting nearly 50 percent of U.S. adults. It is characterized by the irreversible destruction of the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and gingival tissues supporting the teeth. Periodontal breakdown results from a dysbiotic relationship between the plaque bacteria and host-immune response. Initiated by the bacterial plaque biofilm, the once normal and homeostatic host defenses intended to contain the subgingival inflammation become dysregulated and hyperactive. A diagnosis of an infrabony defect, also known as intrabony, vertical, or angular defects, is made when the base of the pocket is apical to the alveolar crest. It has been …