Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Trimethyltin On The Cholinergic System Of The Rat Hippocampus, Richard L. Cannon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Trimethyltin (TMT) is a neurotoxin occurring in the environment. Exposure to (TMT) is known to destroy specific neuronal components of the hippocampus in the rat and to cause clinical symptoms in exposed humans, including mnemonic deficits, that indicate hippocampal involvement. In addition to hippocampal cell loss TMT causes significant increases in cholinergic markers such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stain density and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the hippocampus of rats. However, despite these observations the effect of TMT on hippocampal cholinergic system has not been investigated in detail. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate more fully the consequences …

Homeless Persons' Interest In Basic And Health Services: The Role Of Absolute, Relative, And Repressed Needs, Russell K. Schutt

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study describes and explains the interest of homeless persons in housing, economic, and health-related services with intake interview data collected by a large urban shelter for single adults. Shelter guests were most interested in assistance with housing, job, and economic benefits, rather than health services. Three explanations of variation in service interests are identified: the "absolute needs" explanation expects service interests to vary directly with service needs, the "repressed needs" explanation expects service interests to vary inversely with alcoholism and mental illness, while the "relative needs" explanation expects interest in health-related services to be related to health needs, but …

Mutual Impacts Of Toughening On Crises And Losses, Richard A. Dienstbier

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

It is usually expected that if we are overwhelmed by an episode of crisis or loss that we may temporarily cope ineffectively, whereas when weare exposed to a sequence of challenges and stressors that are managable, we learn gradually to become better able to cope with such events. The "toughness" concept relates to analogous processes at the physiological level. The concept is based upon a wide variety of research with both animals and humans that is reviewed in detail elsewhere (Dienslbier, 1989). The focus of this chapter will instead be upon how toughness influences both physiological and psychological responses to …

Polymer Bound Elastase Inhibitors, George A. Digenis, Bushra J. Agha, William R. Banks, Frantisek Rypacek

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of inhibiting the enzyme elastase and increasing the biological half-life and/or potency in terms of inhibitory activity of the enzyme elastase of peptide compounds is achieved by use of a polymer of the formula P--(L--R)_q wherein P is a polymer containing at least one unit of the formula (A_n B_n) wherein A_n B_n is substantially nonbiodegradable, and has an average molecular weight of about 1,000 to 5,000 daltons, L is a covalent bond or a linker group and R is a peptide.

Biodegradable Microspheres As A Carrier For Macromolecules, Patrick P. Deluca, Frantisek Rypacek

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Patents

A method for preparing biodegradable microspheres having a three-dimensional network in which biologically active macromolecular agents are physically entrapped therein. The microsphere is able to degrade and release the macromolecular agent at a controlled rate. The method involves emulsifying a vinyl derivative of a biodegradable hydrophilic polymer, a water-soluble monovinyl monomer and a biologically active macromolecule in water, and copolymerizing the biodegradable hydrophilic polymer and the water-soluble monovinyl monomer such that the biologically active macromolecule is entrapped therein.

Dentalgram - Vol. 06, No. 11, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry

Dentalgram

In this issue:

• Executive Committee information
• Student presentation
• Dental Family Fellowship
• Student research
• Faculty doings
• Courtyard dedication
• Computer comfort
• Christmas breakfast
• Parking lot sale

Indistinguishable Nuclear Factor Binding To Functional Core Sites Of The T-Cell Receptor Delta And Murine Leukemia Virus Enhancers., Juan M. Redondo, Jeffrey L. Pfohl, Cristina Hernandez-Munain, Shuwen Wang, Nancy A. Speck, Michael S. Krangel

Dartmouth Scholarship

We have previously shown that the delta E3 site is an essential element for transcriptional activation by the human T-cell receptor (TCR) delta enhancer and identified two factors, NF-delta E3A and NF-delta E3C, that bound to overlapping core (TGTGGTTT) and E-box motifs within delta E3. In this study, we show that protein binding to the core motif is necessary but not sufficient for transcriptional activation by the delta E3 element. In contrast, protein binding to the E-box motif does not contribute significantly to enhancer activity. A similar core motif present within the enhancers of T-cell-tropic murine retroviruses has been shown …

How To Make A Blastocyst., A J Watson, G M Kidder, G A Schultz

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Several of the new reproductive technologies have been cultivated from our current understanding of the genetic programming and cellular processes that are involved in the major morphogenetic events of mammalian preimplantation development. Research directed at characterizing the patterns of gene expression during early development has shown that the embryo is initially under maternal control and later superseded by new transcriptional activity provided by the activation of the embryonic genome. Several embryonic transcripts encoding: (i) growth factors, (ii) cell junctions, (iii) plasma membrane ion transporters, and (iv) cell adhesion molecules have been identified as contributing directly to the progression of the …

The Chironian Vol. 109 Fall 1992, New York Medical College

The Chironian

No abstract provided.

Modulation Of Cisplatin Sensitivity And Growth Rate Of An Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line By Bombesin And Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha., Seiji Isonishi, Antti P. Jekunen, Doreen K. Hom, Alan Eastman, Peter S. Edelstein, Franz B. Thiebaut, Randolph D. Christen, Stephen B. Howell

Dartmouth Scholarship

A twofold change in the cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity of 2008 human ovarian carcinoma cells is sufficient to reduce tumor response in vivo. The DDP sensitivity of these cells can be enhanced by activation of the epidermal growth factor and protein kinase C signal transduction pathways. We report here that two endogenous growth factors, bombesin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), enhanced DDP sensitivity by factors of 1.7 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold and 1.8 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold, respectively. Both agents also produced sensitization in an 11-fold DDP-resistant 2008 subline. Neither bombesin nor TNF alpha changed the accumulation of DDP, glutathione content, …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume Xlii, Number 1, Fall 1992

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume XLII, Number 1, Fall 1992

New challenges are met successfully, page 2

The longitudinal study, page 4

Changes strengthen curriculum, page 6

Applications reach all-time high, page 7

The critical link between clinical practice and basic science, page 8

Drive to raise $200 million is in high gear, page 12

Hamilton professors are named, page 13

New Rorer professor, page 14

Endocrinology director appointed, page 14

Bequest from dubbs, ’31 establishes fellowships, page 15

New associate Dean, page 15

$5 million grant made to Jefferson cancer institute, page 16

President Brucker is welcomed in Washington, …

Sex Selection: Regulating Technology Enabling The Predetermination Of A Child's Gender, Owen D. Jones

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

The debate over the prohibition of sex (or gender) selection (also known as "preselection" or "predetermination"), has focused almost exclusively on the context of aborting a "wrong-sex" fetus after a fetal gender-identification procedure. Despite the fact that sex selection abortions represent only a small subset of sex selection procedures, attitudes toward the former are driving general policy approaches to the latter. However, the issues are analytically distinct, and only during the former infancy of the pre-conceptive (and non-abortive post-conceptive) technology for sex selection were members on both sides of the debate afforded the economy of using one logic to support …

Changes In Intracellular Chloride During Osmotic Stress And L-Alanine Uptake In Mouse Hepatocytes, Kening Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A stable intracellular ionic environment is necessary for hepatocytes to function normally. Thus, during hypotonic shock or L-alanine uptake, hepatocytes swell and then exhibit a regulatory volume decrease (RVD), which comprises an increase in K$\sp+$ conductance (G$\sb{\rm K}$), an increased K$\sp+$ efflux, and a hyperpolarization of transmembrane potential (V$\sb{\rm m}$). Since hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$ has been demonstrated to distribute passively with V$\sb{\rm m}$, this study is designed to test the hypothesis that the hypotonic shock- or L-alanine uptake-induced hyperpolarization of V$\sb{\rm m}$ might provide an electromotive force for the efflux of hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$, which in turn would contribute osmotically …

Red Butte Canyon Research Natural Area: History, Flora, Geology, Climate, And Ecology, James R. Ehleringer, Lois A. Arnow, Ted Arnow, Irving B. Mcnulty, Norman C. Negus

Great Basin Naturalist

Red Butte Canyon is a protected, near pristine canyon entering Salt Lake Valley, Utah. It contains a well-developed riparian zone and a perennial stream; hillside vegetation ranges from grasslands on the lower limits to Douglas-fir and aspen stands at the upper elevations. In this paper we describe the history of human impact, natural history aspects of climate, geology, and ecology, and faunal and floral information for key species in the canyon. The role and importance of Research Natural Areas is discussed, particularly with respect to the need to protect Red Butte Canyon—one of the few remaining undisturbed riparian ecosystems in …

One-Trial Backward Excitatory Fear Conditioning Transfers Across Contexts, Rick A. Bevins, John J. B. Ayres

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

One path to human phobia may be one-trial backward fear conditioning. Human phobias transfer readily across contexts. However, animal studies of one-trial backward fear conditioning have yet to demonstrate such transfer. The present study sought to do so. It used a lick-suppression procedure with 84 naive male albino rats. Two conditioning contexts, designated O and V, were crossed factorially with two test contexts, O and V. Within each cell of the factorial design, rats received in the conditioning context either a single 12 sec tone backward paired with a single 4 sec 1 mA shock or the same tone explicitly …

Localization Of The Gene For Men 2a, Jay B. Lichter, Michael Difilippantonio, Jingshi Wu, Diane Miller, David C. Ward, Paul J. Goodfellow, Kenneth K. Kidd

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

The search for the gene that causes the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome is entering a new phase. Genetic linkage studies have localized the gene to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 10. The statistical portion of mapping the gene for MEN 2A is nearly complete and now classical molecular biological/gene mapping techniques will be employed. We have used fluorescence in situ hybridization to estimate the size of the MEN2A region to be about 2 to 5 mb, using some liberal assumptions; at worst the region should contain no more than about 10 mb of non-alphoid DNA. Our …

Microsurgical Lymph Node Dissection For Metastatic Asymptomatic C-Cell Carcinoma, Heinz J. Buhr, Friedrich Kallinowski, Friedhelm Raue, Christian Herfarth

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

In persistent, clinically inapparent medullary thyroid carcinoma, microsurgical dissection of all lymph node compartments of the neck was performed. Between August 1988 and September 1991, 28 cases (mean age 43.3 years) were treated with 38 surgical interventions. Twenty patients had the sporadic form and eight patients the familial form. Unilateral neck dissection resulted in normalization of serum calcitonin (CT) levels even after pentagastrin stimulation in two patients whereas 16 patients exhibited abnormal CT stimulation tests. Eight of ten patients who had bilateral neck dissections had positive pentagastrin test results after surgery. The main postoperative complications included loss of local cutaneous …

Dentalgram - Vol. 06, No. 09, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry

Dentalgram

In this issue:

• Annual Fund goal exceeded
• New residents in endodontics
• Student reflections on Sabbath retreat
• Student volunteers recognized by ADA
• New journals at library
• Upcoming graphic slide seminar
• New dental Sabbath school schedule
• Blood drive update

Oncogene And Growth Factor Expression In Men 2 And Related Tumors, Jeffrey F. Moley, Göran K. Wallin, Michele B. Brother, Michael Kim, Samuel A. Wells Jr., Garrett M. Brodeur

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Pheochromocytomas occur sporadically or in individuals affected by inherited syndromes including multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A and 2B, neurofibromatosis, and the von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (vHL). Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs) also occur sporadically or as part of MEN 2A, MEN 2B, and familial MTC. Little is known of the molecular genetic background of these tumors. We have shown previously that activation of the N-ras, H-ras, and K-ras oncogenes does not occur in these tumors, but that deletions of the short arm of chromosome 1 are extremely common (> 60%) and may indicate loss of a suppressor gene in the chromosomal …

High-Sensitivity Serum Calcitonin Assays Applied To Screening For Thyroid C-Cell Disease In Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a, Michael M. Kaplan, Glenn M. Stall, Timothy Cummings, Andrew Macaulay, Philippe Motté, Hubert J. Wolfe, Seymour Reichlin, Arman J. Tashjian Jr.

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Two serum calcitonin assays with sensitivities ≤ 10 pg/mL were compared to our standard radioimmunoassay (sensitivity 100 pg/mL) in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) screening. Values from the Nichols displacement radioimmunoassay averaged 38% higher than values from the CIS immunoradiometric assay; values from both were highly correlated, r = 0.845. In three individuals, both of the newer assays revealed abnormalities in pentagastrin tests three to four years before abnormalities were detected by the standard assay. Pentagastrin tests after total thyroidectomy were assayed by the newer methods in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) diagnosed at initial testing (group …

Pdn-21 (Katacalcin) And Chromogranin A: Tumor Markers For Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, Friedhelm Raue, Eberhard Blind, Andreas Grauer

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

The malignant C-cell releases several markets of potential clinical significance into the circulation. To determine the usefulness of these markers for management of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), it is necessary to compare the usefulness of these markers with calcitonin (CT), the classical tumor marker for MTC. Measurement of serum concentrations of the peptide PDN-21 (katacalcin), a carboxyterminal cleavage product of procalcitonin. showed a high correlation with serum CT levels (r = 0.99, P < 0.01, n = 65 patients with MTC). The presence of equimolar concentrations of CT and PDN-21 (CT/PDN-21 molar ratio = 0.95 ± 0.33) indicates the peptide is cosecreted with CT. Stimulation of CT release by intravenous pentagastrin was associated with a parallel increase of PDN-21, providing further evidence of cosecretion of these two peptides. Finally, measurement of either PDN-21 or CT in selective venous catheterization specimens was useful for localization of MTC. Chromogranin A (CgA) levels were also measured in patients with MTC. Circulating levels were elevated in most patients with advanced disease. There was a moderate correlation between CgA and CT serum levels (r = 0.87, P < 0.01. n = 61 patients with MTC). Pentagastrin did not stimulate CgA, and the long half-life of CgA in the circulation did not make it possible to use this peptide for tumor localization by selective venous catheterization. We conclude that measurement of PDN-21 provides an independent assay system for diagnosis, localization, and postoperative management of MTC. whereas CgA measurement is not useful in early diagnosis of MTC and is of limited value for localization or management of progressive disease.

Patterns Of Neoplasia In C-Mos Transgenic Mice And Their Relevance To Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Nicholas Schulz, Friedrich Propst, Michael M. Rosenberg, R. Ilona Linnoila, Richard S. Paules, Douglas Schulte, George F. Vande Woude

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We have previously described a neurological phenotype for transgenic mice carrying the c-Mos proto-oncogene. Pheochromocytomas and C-cell thyroid neoplasms occur in these transgenic lines in patterns that are similar to those seen in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2). Characterization of the pathological lesions via immunohistochemistry underscores similarities between MEN 2 and these transgenic mice. When transgenic mice that do not display the MEN 2 phenotype are crossed to a different background, the progeny display the MEN 2 phenotype. Thus the interaction of the background with the transgene is such that it can suppress tumor information. This observation bears …

Prad1 (Cyclin D1): A Parathyroid Neoplasia Gene On 11q13, Andrew Arnold, Toru Motokura, Theodora Bloom, Carol Rosenberg, Allen Bale, Henry Kronenberg, Joan Ruderman, Milton Brown, Hyung Goo Kim

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Hyperparathyroidism is a central component of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1), and both sporadic and familial forms of parathyroid disease may share certain pathogenetic features. We recently identified a gene that is clonally rearranged with the PTH locus in a subset of sporadic parathyroid adenomas. This candidate oncogene, PRAD1 (previously D11S287), appears to contribute to parathyroid tumorigenesis in a fashion analogous to activation of C-MYC or BCL-2 by rearrangement with tissue-specific enhancers of the immunoglobulin genes in B-lymphoid neoplasia. The PRAD1 gene maps to 11q13 and has been linked to the BCL-1 breakpoint locus, although not to the …

Surgical Treatment Of The Endocrine Pancreas And Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome In The Men 1 Syndrome, Norman W. Thompson

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Islet cell neoplasia is a frequent occurrence in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Sixteen of 27 patients with MEN 1 developed functioning endocrine pancreatic tumor syndromes. Eleven of the 16 developed Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and each was evaluated by a combination of computed tomography and hepatic angiography to exclude hepatic metastasis and percutaneous transhepatic catheterization to localize the tumor. Seven of the 11 patients were found to have duodenal gastrinomas with multiple duodenal tumors in three patients. Four of the 11 patients had only pancreatic gastrinomas. In addition to the gastrinomas, other types of islet tumors in the pancreatic …

Front Matter

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Proceedings Of The Fourth International Workshop On Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia: Introduction, Robert F. Gagel, Charles E. Jackson

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Molecular Genetic Mapping Of The Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Locus, Joanna T. Pang, Mark A. Pook, James H. Eubanks, Carol Jones, Veronica Van Heyningen, Glen A. Evans, Rajesh V. Thakker

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors of the parathyroid glands, the endocrine pancreas, and the pituitary gland. MEN 1 tumors have previously been shown to be associated with the loss of alleles on chromosome 11, and deletion mapping studies together with family linkage studies have localized the MEN 1 gene to 11q13. A detailed genetic map around the MEN 1 locus is required to facilitate further characterization and cloning of the gene (MEN1). We have characterized a panel of seven rodent-human somatic cell hybrids which contain …

Parathyroid Tumor Biology In Familial Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Model For Cancer Development, Maria Luisa Brandi

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Familial multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (FMEN 1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the parathyroid glands, pancreatic islets, and anterior pituitary. Hyperplasia appears to be the typical histopathological lesion in FMEN 1 endocrine tumors. A circulating mitogen related to basic fibroblast growth factor was active on proliferation of clonal bovine and human parathyroid endothelial cells. Moreover, the FMEN 1 mitogen modulated differentiation of human parathyroid endothelial cell in vitro. All these facts suggested that an extrinsic factor was active on parathyroid endothelial cell growth and differentiation. The FMEN 1 gene maps to chromosome 11q13, and allelic …

Pheochromocytoma: A Frequent Indicator For Men 2, Claude Calmettes, Myriam Rosenberg-Gourgin, Jean Caron, Nicole Feingold

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Pheochromocytoma is a frequent indicator of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A); in the 35 French MEN 2A families in which a pheochromocytoma occurred first in some affected members, 30% of the patients had a pheochromocytoma as the first manifestation constituting 45% of all patients with pheochromocytomas. The finding of a pheochromocytoma is a strong indication for a search for medullary thyroid carcinoma and for initiating family screening.

Evaluation Of Children With Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma, Alfonso Libroia, Fabrizio Muratori, Uberta Verga, Gianleone Di Sacco, Anna Grattieri, Dario Gelli

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in children is essential to decrease the likelihood of metastatic spread. From 1981 to 1991, eight children under 18 years of age (five girls and three boys) with MTC were seen and seven underwent total thyroidectomy. Followup ranged from 14 months to 10 years after surgery. Four of the seven presented with a neck mass and elevated basal levels of calcitonin (CT). After surgery, three had recurrent disease. In the other three, the diagnosis was made after several years of screening (normal basal values of CT but increased CT levels …