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Keynote Address And Meeting Program, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Artificial Food Colors Are Not Needed To Attract Ruby-Throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus Colubris) To Feeders, A. Siddiqui, R. Kannan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Sperm Morphology In The Eastern Narrow-Mouthed Frog, Gastrophryne Carolinensis (Anura: Microhylidae), S. E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Studies by Scheltinga et al. (2002) and Scheltinga and Jamieson (2003) provide the most comprehensive analysis and only review of sperm morphology in Narrow-Mouthed Frogs (family Microhylidae). Of the 490+ species known to occur in this anuran family (Vitt and Caldwell 2014), only 3 are distributed in the United States (Powell et al. 2016), and 2 of these occur in Arkansas (Trauth et al. 2004). Surprisingly, sperm studies on only 12 microhylid species have been conducted (Scheltinga and Jamieson 2003), and no sperm studies are available on any North American species.

Multiple Nuclear Configurations And Microtubular Arrangements In Spermatozoa Of The Western Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S. E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I examined the ultrastructure of spermatozoa of the Western Siren, Siren nettingi, using transmission electron microscopy. My primary objective in this study was to elucidate, for the first time, the unique morphological complexity of biflagellated sperm in this species. This study also represents my fifth addition in a series of investigations that highlight the novel nature of all aspects of spermatogenesis in this salamander I show the basic sperm transverse and sagittal design which includes a nucleus, 2 axial fibers supporting 2 undulating membranes which have 2 axonemes residing at their terminal ends, several circular mitochondria, and several electron-dense masses. …

Binucleation And Seasonal Cycle Of Sertoli Cells In The Western Lesser Siren, Siren Nettingi (Caudata: Sirenidae), S. E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

I examined binucleation and the seasonal cycle of Sertoli cells in the Western Siren (Siren nettingi) using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. My primary objective in this study was to report, for the first time, the presence of double nuclei in Sertoli cells in a salamander. This study also represents the sixth contribution in a series of investigations that highlight the novel nature of all aspects of spermatogenesis in this unique salamander. My findings add to a growing list of extraordinary morphological and reproductive features that distinguish this salamander from all other vertebrates.

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science Volume 79, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Genotypes Of Enterocytozoon Bieneusi In Captive Wild Hedgehogs (Erinaceus Amurensis) In China, Guo-Liang Chen, Yu-Lin Zhou, Xin Liu, Ming Shu, Can Yin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is now recognised as an emerging pathogen, which can cause a series of intestinal diseases in humans and animals. However, limited information is available about the occurrence of E. bieneusi in hedgehogs. In this study, a total of 205 fecal samples of captive wild hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis) were collected from two wildlife conservation centers in Henan and Anhui provinces, China. Genomic DNA was extracted from the stool samples and screened by nested PCR targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The overall prevalence of E. bieneusi in captive wild hedgehogs was 44.4% (91/205). Five zoonotic genotypes were identified, …

Tea Polyphenol-Assisted Green Synthesis Of Silver Nanoparticle-Boron-Doped Diamond Nanoparticles For Theophylline Electrochemical Detection, Prastika Krisma Jiwanti, Adira Ainun Tsalsabilla, Angellita Wijaya Gunawan, Siti Wafiroh, Mohammad Kalimanjaro, Mai Tomisaki

Makara Journal of Science

Drug theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but precise monitoring is required to avoid side effects. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with a composite of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles and boron-doped diamond nanoparticles using tea polyphenols (Ag-BDDTP/SPE) for detecting theophylline. Formation of AgNPs was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy, which showed a localized surface plasmon resonance peak at ~450 nm. Transmission electron microscopy revealed polydisperse nanoparticles with an average diameter of 39.94 nm. During the electrochemical detection of theophylline, square-wave voltammetry (SWV) was employed to evaluate signal-to-background (S/B) …

Alopecia Totalis Treated With Constitutional Medicine Calcarea Carbonica: A Case Report, Deepak Prasher, Urvashi Diwakar

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Alopecia totalis is an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss anywhere in the body, but it most commonly affects the hair of the scalp. It occurs in people of all ages and affects 1–2% of the human population. The homoeopathic literature suggests that cases of alopecia totalis have been treated successfully with homoeopathic medicines. Case Summary: This case highlights the potential of the individualised homoeopathic remedy in promoting hair regrowth in alopecia totalis in a 14-yr old girl. The patient was prescribed Calcarea carbonica 200C, 2 doses on the basis of totality of symptoms and individualisation. This evidence-based case …

Exfoliative Cheilitis Treated With Homoeopathic Medicine Nitricum Acidum: A Case Report, Dinesh Sura, Niharika Shaw, Rubina Bashir, Chintamani Nayak

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Exfoliative cheilitis is an uncommon, persistent inflammatory disorder that impacts the vermilion border of the lips, characterised by ongoing peeling, dryness, and occasional bleeding. The condition can be resistant to conventional treatment and often causes significant emotional distress. Case Summary: A 16-year-old male presented with chronic dry, scaly eruptions on his lips, accompanied with a burning sensation and bleeding for the past 8 months. He reported anxiety about his appearance and also about his father's health. Based on a thorough evaluation of his overall symptoms and repertorial analysis, he was prescribed a single dose of Nitricum acidum 200C. By …

Cholelithiasis Treated With Homoeopathy: A Case Report, Girish Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: The supersaturation of bile with cholesterol, necessary for maintaining bile salts in soluble state, leads to precipitation of cholesterol and other bile components in gallbladder lumen resulting in formation of gall stones. Cholelithiasis is a common digestive disorder that affects about 15% of people over 50 years of age, however in younger individuals it is common between the age of 20–40 years. Gall stones are asymptomatic in about 80% cases, but 1–4% of patients may present with symptoms like pain, nausea and vomiting etc. due to obstruction to bile flow. The treatment of gallbladder stone depends on the clinical …

Intraepidermal Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ (Bowen's Disease) Managed With Classical Homoeopathy: A Case Report, Anastasia Leivada, Aaditi Lakshmana, Ioannis Constantaras, Seema Mahesh, George Vithoulkas

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Bowen's disease, also known as intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS), is a pre-cancerous skin condition with the potential for progression into invasive carcinoma. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight is considered a primary causative factor, leading to DNA damage and subsequent cellular mutations within the epidermis. Conventional treatments are generally effective but may be associated with complications, including pain, local infection, scarring, pigmentation changes, and occasional recurrence. Case summary: This case report describes a 58-year-old male with Bowen's disease who experienced limited benefit from conventional treatments and sought homoeopathic therapy. The patient was treated with …

Research Highlights, Sujata Madhukar, Sakshi Chaudhary

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

NA

Impact Of Anatomical Changes On Treatment Plan Robustness: A Comparative Study Of Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy And Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy In Head And Neck Cancer., Jennifer Croft

Masters Projects

Head and neck cancer patients often experience anatomical changes during radiation therapy, including weight loss and tumor regression. These changes can alter planned dose distribution and affect treatment accuracy. Based on the previous understanding, IMPT offers highly conformal dose delivery but is sensitive to the patient’s geometry changes and daily setup uncertainties, while VMAT may provide greater stability under these uncertainties. However, as of today, there is no quantitative analysis and comparison between the two modalities using real clinical data. The purpose of this study is to compare the robustness of IMPT and VMAT for head and neck cancer by …

Refining Of An Online Rotator Cuff Related Pain Screening Tool (Orcs): A Mixed Methods Refinement Study, Andrew J. Smythe, Rhiannon Whale, Melanie Farlie, Peter Malliaras

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to refine an online rotator cuff related shoulder pain screening tool. Method: A mixed methods item-refinement study was used. The original tool was designed through expert opinion and informal literature review. In this study the original tool was refined over three rounds of cognitive interviews totalling 39 participants. The screening tool consisted of two sections, red flag screening followed by rotator cuff related shoulder pain differential diagnostic items. Results from each round of interviews were summarised and informed a nominal group research panel review process to modify items and develop a finalised version …

Objectively And Subjectively Measured Physical Activity Levels Among Children And Adolescents In Poland (2012–2022): A Systematic Review, Jarosław Herbert, Vasylyna Petrovets

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of research on physical activity levels among children and adolescents in Poland from 2012 to 2022, considering both objective and subjective assessment methods. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA reporting recommendations. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases, as well as Polish scientific databases were searched. The review included studies published from 2012 to 2022, on children and adolescents aged 3–18 living in Poland, assessing physical activity levels using objective and/or subjective methods. This analysis of the selected studies showed that physical activity levels …

Influence Of Peak Height Velocity On The Level Of Motor Skills And Anthropometric Features In Young Male Footballers, Dariusz Tadeusz Skalski, Magdalena Prończuk, Artur Terbalyan, Kinga Łosińska, Adam Maszczyk, Robert Krzysztof Roczniok

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study examines the influence of Peak Height Velocity (PHV) on motor abilities and anthropometric characteristics of young male football players aged 12–16. The research aimed to determine whether PHV significantly affects motor performance beyond the chronological age, providing insights for talent identification and training optimization. Materials and methods: A total of 248 male football players from four professional academies were assessed and categorized into three maturation groups: Pre-PHV (n = 95, 38.3%), Mid-PHV (n = 98, 39.5%), and Post-PHV (n = 55, 22.2%) Anthropometric measurements included height, body mass, BMI, and leg length, while motor tests …

Assessing Renal Dysfunction Incidence Related To Intravenous Acyclovir Usage, Marwa Said Aljahwari, Mohammad Abobakr Alghazali, Aya Said Alsaidi

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the incidence and contributing factors of renal dysfunction among patients receiving intravenous (IV) acyclovir at Khoula Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Specifically, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) following IV acyclovir administration, associated risk factors and potential preventive strategies to reduce nephrotoxicity. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Khoula Hospital and included patients aged 12–80 years who received IV acyclovir between January 2019 and December 2023. Patients with pre-existing renal disease or increased baseline serum creatinine were excluded. The sample size was computed using Daniel's formula, resulting …

Adaptation Of The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire For Pediatric-Onset Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol For A User-Centered Design Approach, Claudia Gambrah-Lyles, Aaron W Abrams, Sara Loud, Hollie Schmidt, Emily Blosberg, Melissa Wright, Kelsey E Poisson, Kristen S Fisher, Kimberly A O'Neill, Akash Virupakshaiah, John W Rose

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a chronic, progressive neurologic condition requiring lifelong management and coordinated transition from pediatric to adult care. Evidence-based guidelines identify transition readiness assessment as a core component of successful transition; however, most POMS clinics do not formally assess readiness, and existing tools do not address POMS-specific challenges, such as fluctuating disability, complex treatment regimens, and cognitive impairment. This gap underscores the need for a transition readiness measure tailored to POMS.

Objective: This paper aims to describe a stakeholder-engaged, implementation science-guided protocol for adapting the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) version 6.0 to reflect the unique …

Bridging Gaps In Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treated At An Outpatient Clinic, Allen M. Savedra

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Meeting Report From The 2025 Cure Ocular Melanoma (Cure Om) Global Science Meeting, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, October 2025, Andrew E. Aplin, Katherina Alsina, Allison S. Betof, Joseph Birkett, Marcus O. Butler, George Cole, Rizwan Haq, Florian A. Karreth, Vinit B. Mahajan, Rahul Marpadga, Prithvi Mruthyunjaya, Paul Nathan, Jonas A. Nilsson, Gary Palmer, Joseph J. Sacco, Takami Sato, Sarah Stanhope, Pang-Ning Teng, Kyleigh Lipira

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The 2025 Cure Ocular Melanoma (CURE OM) Global Science Meeting took place in Amsterdam, The Netherlands on October 25th, 2025. Several promising drug candidates are in development; however, there is still an urgent need for better prevention, detection, and treatment of uveal melanoma. The purpose of this meeting was to promote international collaboration and idea exchange between scientists, industry, and patient advocates.

Qualitative Evaluation Of The Seated Physical Activity Intervention (Spin) Randomized Controlled Trial For Wheelchair Users With Multiple Sclerosis (Ms): Formative Feedback And Future Directions, Angela J Piasecki, Robert W Motl, Katherine Froehlich-Grobe, Stephanie L Silveira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: Wheelchair users with multiple sclerosis (MS) often face barriers that restrict participation in physical activity and exercise training. This manuscript reports on participant feedback to guide evaluating and refining a novel exercise training program, Seated Physical activity INtervention (SPIN). SPIN was adapted from the Guidelines for Exercise in MS (GEMS) approach using a three-step community-engaged research framework based on meeting the needs of wheelchair users with MS.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 participants who completed the 16-week SPIN intervention. The key SPIN intervention components were the exercise prescription, exercise equipment, and behavioral coaching grounded in Social Cognitive …

Advocating For A Care-Based Ethic: Stories Of Pregnancy And Birth From Caregivers Of Children With Down Syndrome, Lydia Ocasio-Stoutenburg, Nayma Sultana Mim

Developmental Disabilities Network Journal

Down syndrome (DS) impacts about 1 in every 640 childbirths in the United States. While quality of life has improved for people with DS, systemic inequities and deficit-based perceptions have persisted throughout history, with material impacts on people with DS and their caregivers. Researchers have documented how caregivers of children with DS have had negative experiences with healthcare providers and genetic counselors, whose biased views about DS translate into subtle and overt pressures. Few studies explicitly focus on the experiences of Caregivers of Color, multilingual families, as well as families with varying economic experiences who have children with DS. This …

Microglial Swell1 Deficiency Drives Male-Specific Seizure Vulnerability But Paradoxical Neuroprotection Through Impaired Phagocytosis, Abhijeet S Barath, Aastha Dheer, Laura Montier, Mekenzie M Peshoff, Emily Dale, Flavia Goche, Thanh Thanh Le Nguyen, Mastura Akter, Fangfang Qi, Dimitrios Kleidonas, Lauren Harris, Sarah A Jewanee, Anthony D Umpierre, Dale B Bosco, Koichiro Haruwaka, Rajan Sah, Long-Jun Wu, Rongzhuo Hua, Tejaswani Datla

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

The discovery of genes encoding the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) has enabled detailed exploration of its cell type-specific roles in the brain. LRRC8A (SWELL1) is the essential VRAC subunit. We observed seizure-induced, subunit-specific changes in microglial VRAC expression and investigated its function using conditional KO (cKO) of LRRC8A in microglia. SWELL1 cKO mice exhibited a male-specific increase in kainate-induced seizure severity, yet showed paradoxical neuroprotection against seizure-associated neuronal loss. Mechanistically, SWELL1 deletion led to a cell-autonomous reduction in microglial density and decreased release of VRAC-permeable neuroactive metabolites, including taurine, GABA, and glutamate in culture. Additionally, impaired phagocytic kinetics and reduced …

An Inf2-Dependent Actin-Mediated Step In Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor Cluster Formation And Activity, Maite R. Zavala, Amrapali Ghosh, Suresh K. Joseph, Rajarshi Chakrabarti

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Intracellular calcium signaling plays a vital role in regulating various cellular processes including gene regulation, motility, metabolism, and cell death. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are a major cation channel that regulates stimulus-induced calcium release from the ER. While several molecular players regulate the activity of IP3R, its regulation by actin filaments was uncharacterized. Here, we show that actin filaments polymerized by the specific actin nucleator INF2 facilitate agonist-induced IP3R activity. Our results demonstrate that INF2-mediated actin filaments regulate the formation and/or stability of IP3R clusters on the ER that have been previously shown to be …

Toolkit For Multistate Disease Progression Simulation And Treatment Decision-Making Aid, Can Xie, Ruosha Li, Wael Saber, Jorge E Cortes, Nicholas J Short, Xuelin Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The optimal timing of a treatment within therapy lines can maximize its benefit while minimizing risks and side effects. Because patients differ in clinical and biological characteristics, personalized treatment planning can support physicians' decision-making. However, multistate disease progression complicates the comparison of treatment strategies, motivating the development of a user-friendly web tool for multistate disease progression simulation and treatment decision support. Microsimulation is a natural approach for comparing prespecified treatment-timing strategies, where it generates disease trajectories for a large number of virtual patients matched to an individual patient's observed data. In our framework, microsimulation is performed using a multistate …

Enhancing Sleep Quality Through Sleep Hygiene Education Among Adults In A Faith-Based Community, Denielle Earle-Thompson

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background

Adults between 18 and 64 years of age require at least seven hours of sleep per night; however, many adults do not meet this recommendation, contributing to increased risks for chronic disease, impaired functioning, mood disturbances, and reduced quality of life. Poor sleep quality has been associated with weakened immunity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, anxiety, depression, and decreased daytime performance. Obtaining adequate, good-quality sleep is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. In faith-based communities, combining health education with spiritual support may provide a holistic approach that addresses both physical and emotional contributors to poor sleep.

Purpose

The purpose …

Program (Pdf), Department Of Orthopaedics

Dept. of Orthopaedics: Robert D. D’Ambrosia Lectureship & Research Day

Program with abstracts for the 22nd Annual Dept of Orthopaedics Annual Robert D. D’Ambrosia Lectureship & Research Day held June 20, 2026.

Reference Values For Intraocular Pressure In Collared Scops Owls (Otus Lettia) Measured Using Rebound Tonometry, Yun-Shan Chiu, Chau-Hwa Chie, Pin-Huan Yu, Chung-Tien Lin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, we aimed to establish species-specific reference values for intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically healthy collared scops owls (Otus lettia) using rebound tonometry. Twelve free-living owls were included, and twentyfour eyes were examined. All owls were physically restrained in an upright position without sedation. Intraocular pressure was measured in both eyes using rebound tonometry (TONOVET; iCare Finland Oy, Vantaa, Finland) in d mode. No significant difference in IOP was observed between the right and left eyes. The mean IOP values were 10.42 ± 1.24 mmHg (median, 11 mmHg; range, 8–12 mmHg) in the right eye and 10.75 ± …

Prmt5 As A Key Driver Of Stemness And Metastatic Potential In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Jae Jin Jeong, Mauli Maniar, Shahrzad Ghane, Sakshi Deshpande, Claire Ellis, Ashakumary Lakshmikuttyamma

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) mediates arginine methylation of a wide range of proteins and plays context-dependent oncogenic or tumor-suppressive roles. In cancer, PRMT5 represses several tumor suppressor genes, including E-cadherin, TP53BP1, ST7, PTEN, and RB (retinoblastoma). Elevated PRMT5 expression has been reported across multiple cancer types, notably triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In TNBC, high PRMT5 levels are associated with enhanced cancer stem cell self-renewal, increased tumor growth and metastasis, and reduced patient survival. Mechanistically, PRMT5 promotes breast cancer stem cell maintenance and proliferation through stabilization of the transcription factors KLF4 and KLF5. Disruption of the PRMT5-KLF4 axis results in …