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Coordinated Changes In Stromal And Hematopoietic Cells That Define The Perinatal To Juvenile Transition In The Mouse Thymus, Anusha Vasudev, Colin R Moore, Aparna Calindi, Seung Woo Kang, Bryan R Helm, Jayashree Srinivasan, Siddhartha Shah, Erin Baker, Ruiting Zong, Nandini Singarapu, Scott Casey, Andrew N Macintyre, Ken S Lau, Laura P Hale, Qi Liu, Nancy R Manley, Lauren I R Ehrlich, Ellen R Richie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Perinatal T cells have distinctive phenotypes and functions that may be due in part to age-associated features of stromal cells in the perinatal thymus. We identify age-associated changes in mouse thymic epithelial cells, mesenchyme, endothelium, and hematopoietic antigen-presenting cells from birth to one month of age using single-cell transcriptional profiling, flow cytometry, and imaging. Coordinated cellular and molecular changes occur at 7-14 days of age, designated "transitional ages," as thymus growth switches to homeostasis. E2F target gene expression declines, and the expression of type I interferon response genes increases across diverse cell types at transitional ages. Alterations in thymic stromal …

Perspectives On The Future Of The Profession Of Microbiology, Todd L Kelson, Heidi B Kaplan, Michelle Dziejman, Shilpa Gadwal, Irene Hulede, Jennifer Bennett, Roger Greenwell, Shelley Payne, Kyle Maclea, Eric Miller, Diana L Vullo, Rebecca Sparks-Thissen, Astral Bertolio, Jorge Cervantes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Profession of Microbiology (POM) embodies the bulk of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) members and represents the career preparation arm of the ASM for academia, industry, and clinical lab professions. The ASM Council on Microbial Sciences hosted a virtual retreat in 2025 to identify the future of the POM. The retreat presentations centered on workforce development, professional development, innovations in technology, and interdisciplinary collaborations. Various aspects were identified, such as the need to prepare for careers in industry, as an important goal of future training. It was also clear that scientists, in all walks of life, need professional …

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Likeness, Toxicity, And Molecular Docking Studies Of 4-N-(Methyl)-4-Aminoquinoline Derivatives As Antimalarial Compounds, Muhamad Jalil Baari, Devi Hardiyanti

Makara Journal of Science

Antimalarial drug resistance has encouraged various innovations to develop novel drug compounds that are effective, feasible, and safe, adhering to health standards. One way to do that is by observing and predicting the biological activity of drug compounds using quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. In this study, QSAR analysis was conducted on the 4-N-(methyl)-4-aminoquinoline derivatives, which effectively inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum as a source of malaria. The research stages involved molecular structure modeling, molecular geometry optimization using the AM1 semi-empirical method, and QSAR descriptor calculations, including electronic (atomic charges (q), HOMO and LUMO energies, polarizability (α), …

A Tissue Renewal-Based Mechanism Drives Colon Tumorigenesis, Ryan M. Boman, Gilberto Schleiniger, Christopher Raymond, Juan P. Palazzo, Anne Shehab, Bruce M. Boman

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Our Goal is to identify how colorectal cancer (CRC) arises in the single-layered cell epithelium (simple columnar epithelium) that lines the luminal surface of the large intestine. Background: We recently reported that the dynamic organization of cells in colonic epithelium is encoded by five biological rules and conjectured that colon tumorigenesis involves an autocatalytic tissue renewal reaction. Introduction Our objective was to define how altered crypt turnover explains tissue disorganization that leads to adenoma morphogenesis and CRC. Hypothesis: Changes in rate of tissue renewal-based cell polymerization leads to epithelial expansion and tissue disorganization during adenoma histogenesis. Methods: Accordingly, we created …

Pepquerymhc: Rapid And Comprehensive Tumor Antigen Prioritization From Immunopeptidomics Data, Seunghyuk Choi, Bing Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Determining tumor-specificity of MHC-bound peptides is crucial for cancer immunotherapy development, yet current methods struggle with class II peptides and non-reference sequences. We introduce PepQueryMHC, an ultra-fast tool that integrates MHC-bound peptide sequences with translated RNA-seq reads for efficient tumor antigen prioritization. We demonstrate its versatility in prioritizing class I and II tumor antigens, mapping the cellular origins of presented peptides, and resolving uncertainties surrounding the prevalence of proteasome-spliced peptides.

Eif3d And Eif3e Mediate Selective Translational Control Of Hypoxia That Can Be Inhibited By Small Molecules, Stephen C Purdy, Kate Matlin, Christopher Alderman, Amber Baldwin, Natasha Shrivastava, Goksu Sarioglu, Somnath Dutta, Kristofor J Webb, Arthur Wolin, Dillon P Boulton, Annika Gustafson, Jyoti Kapali, John D Landua, Michael T Lewis, M Cecilia Caino, James C Costello, William Old, Xiang Wang, Rui Zhao, Heide L Ford, Neelanjan Mukherjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Exposure to hypoxia is linked to increased cellular plasticity and enhanced metastasis, effects that are primarily attributed to the transcriptional activation of large gene programs downstream of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). However, translational effects in hypoxia, which likely precede transcriptional effects, have remained largely unexplored. Using ribosome profiling, we uncovered a selective translational response in acute hypoxia that is eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)3d/eIF3e dependent and controls downstream hypoxic responses, including HIF1α accumulation and cellular invasion. We further demonstrated that eIF3e copy number and eIF3e and eIF3d expression signatures are associated with worsened outcomes for patients with breast cancer. Finally, we identified …

Neuroprotective Effects Of Aqueous Extract Of Bryophyllum Pinnatum Against Lead Acetate Induced Damage In The Cerebellum Of Rats, O. A. Bamgbose, O. D. Akanji, E. O. Olayemi, D. O. Taiwo-Ola, K. O. Odubela, B. A. Akanbi, P. B. Fakunle

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Lead is a persistent environmental toxin with pronounced neurotoxic effects, particularly on the central nervous system. This study evaluated the impact of lead acetate on the cerebellar cortex of adult Wistar rats and assessed the neuroprotective effects of aqueous Bryophyllum pinnatum extract. Twenty adult Wistar rats (180–220 g) were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 5): Control (distilled water), T1 (0.075 mg/kg lead acetate), T2 (100 mg/kg B. pinnatum), and T3 (lead + B. pinnatum). Treatments were administered orally for 21 days. Cerebellar tissues were processed for biochemical and histological analysis, and data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism v10.1.Lead …

Cytological Changes In Buccal Mucosa Among Yemeni Qat Chewers In Hadhramout Governorate: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study, Saleh H. Ben Sumaidea, Hassan Pyar, Abdullah O. Bin Nashwan, Abdullah M. Bin Fadhl, Abeer A. Marabi, Ahmed A. Al-Shetri, Gumaan S. Rassam, Halima K. Joher, Mashhoor A. Bin Shehab, Mohammed S. Bin Mosalem

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Qat (Catha edulis) chewing is a common practice in Yemen, associated with oral mucosal irritation. The objective of the current study is to compare cytological findings of buccal mucosa between Qat chewers and non-chewers. A comparative cross-sectional study was designed. Buccal smears were collected from chewers (n = 100) and non-chewers (n = 100), fixed, and stained with Harris hematoxylin staining. Smears were assessed for inflammatory changes and cytological atypia by two blinded examiners; disagreements were resolved by consensus. The inflammatory cells were observed in 21% of chewers compared to 8% of controls (P = 0.009), while …

Formulation And Characterisation Of Isoniazid By Spray Drying For Use By Dry Powder Inhalers To Treat Tuberculosis, Damiana Gabrielli, Seán Roche

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

The targeted delivery of antibiotics by dry powder inhalers (DPIs) is an increasingly important area of research, driven by the growing global burden of respiratory infections and the advantages of localized drug delivery to the lungs. Over the past five years, respiratory infections have risen significantly, with recent epidemiological data indicating a global increase in incidence by over 30%, largely due to factors such as air pollution, antimicrobial resistance, and emerging respiratory pathogens. One major challenge in developing DPI formulations for antibiotics is the need to optimize the particle physicochemical properties for deep lung deposition while accommodating the high doses …

An Analysis Of Fodmap Intake And Common Dietary Sources In The Irish Population, Sophie Ree, Farzana H. Ieha, Breige Mcnulty, Janette Walton, Suzanne L. Doyle

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background/Objectives: Fermentable Oligosaccharides Disaccharides Monosaccharides and Polyols (FODMAPs) are a group of short chain carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine and can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort in sensitive individuals, particularly in those with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). First-line treatment of IBS is a low FODMAP diet. However, little is known regarding FODMAP intake and the commonly consumed high FODMAP foods in the Irish population. This study aimed to investigate the FODMAP content of foods commonly consumed in the Irish diet.

Subjects/Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the 2011 National Adult Nutrition Survey (n=1500 adults, 4-day …

The Influence Of Perceived Social Support On Mental Health During Injury In Female Gaa Athletes., Clodagh M. O’Connor, Samantha Glynn Kelly

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Injury recovery in sport involves not only physical rehabilitation but also significant psychological challenges, particularly for female athletes in amateur and elite environments. This study aimed to explore the perceived social support received by injured female Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) athletes and the effect it had on their mental health during injury. A qualitative research design was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of injured female athletes. Data were collected through semi-structured, one-on-one interviews, allowing for open-ended responses and the exploration of individual perspectives. The sample consisted of 10 female athletes aged between 18 and 32 years, …

Advancing Skin Cancer Diagnostics: A Comparative Analysis Of Convolutional Neural Network Models For Skin Lesion Classification, Jesse Osuji, Tania Malik

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

For many years, skin cancer diagnosis and cancer research have been major focal points in the healthcare sector. Accurate classification of different types of skin lesions, including cancerous ones, is essential for proper diagnostics. Many machine learning (ML) techniques and models are used to solve various problems across various domains. One of such techniques is called neural networks. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are primarily used in computer vision-based problems, allowing computer systems to process and understand images. CNNs offer a potential tool for diagnosing skin lesions from images, occasionally demonstrating superior accuracy compared to trained dermatologists. This project explores various …

Developing A Tool To Measure Resistance To Sustainable Food Choices: A Pilot Study In Ireland And The Netherlands, Kate Flanagan, Bart Sinteur, Patricia J. Bulsing, John M. Kearney

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Consumer uptake of a sustainable diet is critical for addressing environmental challenges and promoting public health. Understanding why consumers resist adopting sustainable eating habits can inform targeted interventions and policies. This pilot study examines whether a newly developed scale can effectively detect consumer resistance to a sustainable diet. Currently, there is a lack of research on a tool to measure consumer resistance to a sustainable diet, highlighting the need for a reliable instrument.

The aim of this study is to develop a scale, based on existing literature, to measure consumer resistance to a sustainable diet. Additionally, the study aims to …

Editorial-Sure Journal Volume 7, Issue 2, Geraldine M. Dowling, Eva Campion, Sinead Loughran, Ariane Perez-Gavilan, Josephine Treacy

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

No abstract provided.

Global Prevalence Of Hyperhomocysteinemia Among Adults With Hypertension: A Narrative Review, Wangkheimayum Ashalata Devi Phd Scholar, Dr. Melita Sheilini Associate Professor, Dr. Rinchen Doma Bhutia Assistant Professor, Corresponding Author: Dr.Melita Sheilini, Associate Professor,Department Of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Manipal College Of Nursing, Manipal Academy Of Higher Education, Manipal, Udupi District, Karnataka, India.Contact Number- 8095976561. Email Id: [email protected]

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background: Elevated blood homocysteine (Hcy) levels are a hallmark of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), a metabolic disorder that is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular illnesses. It greatly raises the risk of vascular problems when combined with hypertension (HTN). However, there are few statistics on the prevalence of HHcy in individuals with HTN. Objective: The present review aims to estimate the global prevalence of HHcy among adults with HTN and to highlight regional disparities, associated risk factors, and implications for clinical practice. Method: The comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engines. Studies published in …

Effectiveness Of Mobile Health Interventions On Cardiovascular Health Among Young Adults – A Systematic Review Protocol, Charlet Jasmine Vaz Mrs, Melita Sheilini Dr, Linu Sara George Dr, Edlin Glane Mathias Dr, Vani Lakshmi R Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the primary cause of death and healthcare costs despite significant advancements in treatment effectiveness. The majority of deaths related to CVDs are highly common in countries with middle and low incomes. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of mobile health interventions on cardiovascular health among young adults. Method: A Search will be conducted using PICO format. Primary studies will be searched through electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase and CINAHL(Ebsco). The review will only include studies conducted between January 2010 to July 2024 in English. Two authors will …

Evaluating The Impact Of Targeted Training On The Attitude And Knowledge Of Evangelical Pastors On Hiv In Tamil Nadu: A Pre-Test Post-Test Study, Ruth Duraiswamy Mrs

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Abstract

Introduction: HIV/AIDS continues to be a significant global health challenge, with persistent stigma and misinformation hindering effective management, particularly within faith-based communities. Hence a study aimed to evaluate the impact of targeted training on the attitudes and knowledge of evangelical pastors in Tamil Nadu, India, regarding HIV was organized so that the pastors who are faith leaders in the Christian community can work towards removing stigma and ill treatment of HIV patients in the society. Objective: the objectives of the study were to assess the baseline knowledge and attitudes of evangelical pastors in Tamil Nadu regarding HIV, providing …

Pharmacovigilance Practices For New Drugs In Thailand: A Situation Analysis In Tertiary And University Hospitals, Nisittra Polkot, Osot Nerapusee, Pantira Parinyarux, Puree Anantachoti

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: In 2017, Thailand’s Food and Drug Administration introduced a risk-based safety monitoring program (SMP) aimed at strengthening pharmacovigilance (PV) for new drugs, including new chemical entities and biologics. Despite this policy shift, drug safety monitoring continues to rely primarily on spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting. This study aimed to explore the implementation of PV practices for drugs with SMP status in selected tertiary and university hospitals in Thailand.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews. Pharmacists and physicians involved in drug safety monitoring were invited. Eight hospitals (five university and three tertiary …

Exploring Phytoconstituents For Parkinson’S Disease: Insights From Network Pharmacology, Molecular Modeling And In Vivo Investigations, Shiva Priya, Divakar Selvaraj, Rashi Jain, Kavyashree G. S., Soumya V., Venkatesh Gunasekaran, Ramu G., Saravanan Jayaram

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: The network pharmacology approach is used to identify novel therapeutic agents that target multiple disease targets through analysis of complex disease networks by integrating systems biology and computational approaches. Objectives: The present study aims to identify the principal targets implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and major phytoconstituents that could potentially modulate the major targets to achieve therapeutic benefits in PD through a network pharmacology-based approach. Materials and Methods: The DisGeNET database was used to select the major targets involved in the pathogenesis of PD. The most important targets among the selected proteins were …

Isolation And Antibacterial Evaluation Of Bioactive Compounds From Mussaenda Philippica A.Rich.: A Bioassay-Guided Approach, M. Rifqi Efendi, Mesa Sukmadani Rusdi, Muhammad Iqbal, Ilham Padavi, Sri Indah Pirmawati, Deddi Prima Putra

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Mussaenda philippica A.Rich. (commonly known as Nusa Indah in Indonesia), a member of the Rubiaceae family, has been traditionally used throughout Southern Asia to treat various ailments, including bacterial infections, inflammation, ulcers, and liver disorders. These medicinal uses are particularly associated with its bark, leaves, sepals, and root. Objectives: This study aimed to isolate and identify bioactive compounds from M. philippica white modified sepals using a bioassay-guided approach and evaluate their antibacterial activity.
Materials and Methods: The study consisted of four main stages: (i) methanol extraction and liquid–liquid partitioning of M. philippica sepals; …

Optimizing Solvent Composition For Enhanced Extraction Of Phenolic Content And Antioxidant Activity From Coleus Scutellarioides Through I-Optimal Mixture Design, Sinta Mutiara Dwi Lestari, Utami Dyah Syafitri, Waras Nurcholis

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Reactive oxygen species are unstable molecules that contribute to oxidative stress and are associated with numerous degenerative diseases. The leaves of Coleus scutellarioides are rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which possess strong antioxidant properties.
Objectives: This study aimed to optimize the composition of water, ethanol, and methanol as solvents using the I-optimal mixture design to enhance the extraction of total phenolic content (TPC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP).
Methods: Each extraction was performed by macerating 1 g of powdered C. scutellarioides leaves in 20 mL of the designated …

Staff Education For Effective Patient Handoff, Kaylonn Amundson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This staff education project was initiated to address the lack of standardized handoff procedures which was found to have contributed to an adverse outcome for a hospitalized patient. The purpose of this project was to address the question: Will an interactive education program on a standardized handoff tool increase nursing staffs’ knowledge and self-confidence regarding its use? The project involved educating 20 inpatient nurses and care staff about the structure of the SIGNOUT? handoff tool using a PowerPoint presentation with a follow-up practice simulation. Handoff sheets and visuals were distributed to aid in the learning process. Pre- and post-education surveys …

Anemia And Its Public Health Implications In Population Health, Sahar Abdul Wahab Alshaban, Raghda Shams Akram, Alaa Al-Noori, Noor Thair Tahir

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

One to three percent of people worldwide suffer from anemia, a condition that impairs brain development, increases illness and mortality, and lowers labor productivity. Developing successful interventions to address specific causes of anemia and evaluating anemia management programs require an understanding of the numerous and diverse causes of anemia. The description and categorization of anemia, the physiological processes by which anemia arises, the importance of inherited hemoglobin abnormalities in specific populations, and a number of circumstances that contribute to the development of anemia are all covered. The conclusion of this review is as follows. Anemia is a significant global health …

Flowable Resin-Based Composites: From Fundamental Science To Modern Restorative Techniques, Farah Badri Mahdi, Hiba Ammar Yahya, Kawther Ali Adnan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The function regarding flowable resin-based composites in restorative dentistry has considerably changed as they have been first introduced as low-viscosity alternatives in late 1990s. Because of the degraded mechanical properties and lower filler content, they were first just suitable for low-stress applications, like cavity liners. However, further advancements in the material science have produced highly-filled, next-generation flowables. The traditional trade-off between durability and fluidity is being challenged by materials’ improved properties, which include higher flexural strength and wear resistance. Furthermore, the development regarding bulk-fill flowables, which use advanced photoinitiators as well as polymerization modulators for the purpose of enabling uniform …

Systems Level Analysis Of Gene, Pathway And Phytochemical Associations With Psoriasis, Sonalika Ray, Ojasvi Dutta, Neoklis Apostolopoulos, Konstantin G. Kousoulas, Jean Christopher Chamcheu, Rishemjit Kaur

Faculty Publications

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disorder driven by abnormal immune activation that promotes excessive proliferation and accelerated turnover of epidermal keratinocytes. IL-17 and TNF pathways are well known in psoriasis, but the other mechanisms that keep the disease active and link it to systemic comorbidities are not yet fully understood. A combined transcriptomic and systems biology framework was applied to map regulatory circuits in psoriatic lesions and to identify phytochemical candidates capable of multi-target modulation for topical intervention. Differential gene expressions between lesional and healthy skin was analyzed, followed by pathway enrichment, upstream regulator inference, protein-protein interaction network, and chemical-gene …

Regulation Of Insm1 Gene Expression And Neuroendocrine Differentiation In High-Risk Neuroblastoma, Chiachen Chen, Siyuan Cheng, Xiuping Yu, Yisheng Lee, Michael S. Lan

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Neuroblastoma (NB), a pediatric cancer of sympatho-adrenal (SA) lineage, is marked by disrupted differentiation and cellular heterogeneity. INSM1, a zinc-finger transcription factor, is highly expressed in NB and developing SA tissues, where it regulates neuroendocrine differentiation, especially in chromaffin cells. We investigated INSM1's role in maintaining an undifferentiated, progenitor-like state in NB and its regulation via metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms. Transcriptomic profiling, promoter assays, and metabolic flux analysis revealed that INSM1 expression correlates with methionine cycle activity, particularly the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)/S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) ratio. Disruption of SAM/SAH balance altered INSM1 promoter activity and histone methylation, implicating epigenetic control in NB cell …

Gamma-Ray Knife And Application Features In Medicine, Yaqoob. M. Baqer, Ayad A. Al-Taweel

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) is a sophisticated procedure that delivers a concentrated dose of ionizing radiation to a pre-identified therapeutic target. A non-invasive radiation therapy intended to address numerous disorders impacting the brain and upper spine. The inaugural GKR facility was established by Leksell in 1951, during an era when intracranial surgical interventions resulted in significant morbidity and mortality. Initially intended for the management of functional problems, it was first employed to treat a patient with a craniopharyngioma and another with a pituitary adenoma. Initially, gamma radiation from radioactive cobalt sources was used instead of proton beams and linear accelerators. …

Comprehensive Review Of Facial Asymmetry: Etiology, Diagnosis, And Management Strategies, Hiba Ammar Yahya, Sara M. Al-Mashhadany

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

A certain degree of facial asymmetry is not only a normal biological variation but can also contribute positively to perceived beauty. However, delineating the precise boundary between ‘normal’ asymmetry and ‘abnormal’ asymmetry, the latter necessitating clinical intervention, remains a complex and subjective endeavor. Minor facial asymmetry is commonly observed even in individuals with aesthetically attractive faces, typically remaining indiscernible and thus not requiring any treatment. The determination of when ‘normal’ asymmetry transitions into ‘abnormal’ is frequently influenced by clinician’s aesthetic judgment and, critically, the patient’s perception of imbalance. The perceived abnormality of facial asymmetry is, therefore, highly dependent on individual …

Genetic Basis Of Diabetic Retinopathy: Uncovering Molecular Links And Risk Factors—A Review Article, Ammar Kadhim Alzubaidi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Genetics play a major role in diabetic retinopathy DR, which is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Although the factors such as how long a person has had diabetes and high blood sugar are important, the wide variation and progression of DR indicates to a clear genetic influence. Early studies focusing on a few candidate genes (such as VEGF) produced conflicting and population-dependent results. This confirmed the multifactorial nature of the disease and the limitations of small-scale studies. Conversely, genome wide association studies (GWAS) have provided more consistent findings in detection a new genes related to DR. For example, rs2239785 …

Relationship Between Hashimoto Thyroiditis And Some Immunogenic Markers, Amani Mahmood Tuama, Aliyaa Taresh Obaid

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disorder, affecting women 7–10 times more often than men, that develops because of genetic susceptibility, X chromosome inactivation patterns modulated by environmental factors as well as micro biome composition, and leads to an imbalance in self-tolerance mechanisms. The consequential thyroid infiltration by lymphocytes, potentiated by antibody-mediated autoimmune response through the antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO Abs), leads to a destruction of thyrocytes. The presence of TPO Abs is associated with a 2 to 4-fold increase in the risk of recurrent miscarriages and preterm birth in pregnant women. Aim: The aim of the study …