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Evaluation Of Chicken Serum And Chicken Egg Yolk As Novel Supplements For The In Vitro Cultivation Of Mycoplasma Hyorhinis, Yi-Chia Li, Sin-Hang Ma, Wei-Hao Lin, Chao-Nan Lin, Ming-Tang Chiou

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a significant pathogen in swine, yet its fastidious nutritional requirements present challenges for in vitro cultivation. Conventional supplements like horse serum (HS) often suffer from batch variability and potential inhibitors. This study aimed to evaluate chicken serum (CS) and chicken egg yolk (CY) as novel alternatives to develop a reliable cultivation method for M. hyorhinis. Five clinical isolates were cultured for 10 days in a basal medium supplemented with CS or CY at 10%, 20%, or 30%, with 30% HS as the control. Growth was quantified daily using a Color Changing Unit (CCU) assay. CS supported …

A Survey Of Student Opinions About A Haiku Writing Assignment, Manish Rami

Communication Sciences & Disorders Faculty Publications

This study examined the instructional value of a haiku writing assignment (HWA) from the graduate students’ perspective via a survey of their opinions. Fifty-eight students wrote and submitted haiku over the course of a semester. A 10-item survey instrument was used to elicit students’ opinions about the assignment. The probability of responses to each of the items on the survey was compared to chance occurrence. Chi-Square tests found that students enjoyed the assignment and the example haiku; they believed that the assignment helped them grasp concepts and be more engaged with the course content; and recommended the use of such …

The Therapeutic And Physiological Effects Of Citrus Peel Extraction On Helicobacter Pylori Bacteria, Sara Saeb Rasheed, Rawnaq Z. Fadhil, Marwah Amer Qamandar, Salah M.M. Al-Chalabi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The antibiotic resistance has emerged as a growing international concern affecting not only human health but also the environment, animal population, and global economy. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance poses a serious and escalating threat to public health. This problem is further exacerbated by the limited development of new antibiotic, high production costs, and risks about its side effects. Identifying novel antibiotic agents is crucial for managing fungal and bacterial infection. Consequently, numerous natural compound have been investigated as potential alternative therapies. Plant extracts are valuable source of bioactive compounds and represent a promising strategy to control pathogenic microorganisms. …

Mathematical Analysis And Numerical Simulation Of A Fractional-Order Sir-Si Model For Malaria Transmission Dynamics, Gassan A. M. O. Farah, Abdulaziz Y. A. Mukhtar, Kailash C. Patidar

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications

This study investigates the complex transmission dynamics of malaria, a critical global health challenge, with a focus on the African continent. We introduce a novel approach that employs Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) to advance the understanding of malaria spread and control. Specifically, we develop a new SIR-SI model using the Caputo fractional operator, which captures the memory effects and time-delay characteristics inherent in real-world epidemiological systems. A detailed analysis of the model's solvability and uniqueness is conducted using fixed-point theory. To obtain an analytical solution, the system is solved via the Laplace transform method, with solutions expressed in closed form …

Psoriasis Treatments In The Stabilization Of Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review, Lixin Ji, Sowmya Ravi, Laura Wright, Vi Nguyen, Jose Wiley, Milena Vukelic, Sangkyu Kim

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

This systematic review explores the relationship between achieving minimal disease activity in psoriasis and the progression of atherosclerosis. It investigates how biologic therapies and other treatments impact atherosclerosis markers, offering insights into therapeutic strategies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted from January 1, 2000, to April 1, 2023, using terms such as psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, atherosclerosis, biologic therapy, vascular stiffness, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). Eligible studies were those involving human subjects over 18, written in English, that provided quantitative atherosclerosis markers, including CIMT, CCTA, arterial pulse wave velocity …

Implementasi Pelaksanaan Program I-Help (Integrated Help Promoting School) Pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama Di Jakarta, Rachma Dhiyaa' Arroyyan, Sarah Handayani

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan : Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. The I-HELP (Integrated Help Promoting School Programs) initiative is a school-based behavioural change intervention that integrates health values and belief-related variables into daily school activities. This program was developed as a follow-up to the collaboration between Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. Hamka (UHAMKA) and SEAMEO RECFON.

Aim. his study aims to describe implementation of the I-HELP (Integrated Help Promoting School Programs) at the junior high school level in Jakarta in 2022.

Method. This qualitative research employed a case study design conducted at SMP Muhammadiyah 4 and SMP Muhammadiyah 36 Jakarta. Data collection techniques included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), …

Korelasi Antara Intensitas Doomscrolling Konten Negatif Kehamilan Di Media Sosial Dengan Tingkat Stres Dan Kecemasan Ibu Hamil, Besse Aismaria Am, Yudiarsi Eppang B, Jusniati C

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan : Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background.The rapid development of social media has significantly influenced information-seeking behavior, including among pregnant women. One emerging phenomenon is doomscrolling, defined as the excessive consumption of negative information, which may trigger stress and anxiety.

Aim. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the intensity of doomscrolling of negative pregnancy-related information on social media and levels of stress and anxiety among pregnant women in Pare-Pare City.

Method. This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of all pregnant women attending antenatal care at public health centers in Pare-Pare City, …

Novel Physical And Biological Applications Of Carbon Ion Radiotherapy, Danushka Seneviratne, Prapannajeet Biswal, Sunil Krishnan

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Carbon ion radiation therapy (CIRT) is a high-LET radiotherapy, which distinguishes itself from traditional low-LET radiation, such as photons and protons, through its unique physical aspects, biological attributes, and the dramatically increased damage it causes within cellular DNA. Given its distinctive characteristics, it is expected to improve the therapeutic ratio of radiation treatments and enhance treatment outcomes in traditionally radiation-resistant tumor histologies. Despite these unique properties, much remains to be understood regarding the clinical use of CIRT before its full potential can be realized. In this review, we summarize the distinct advantages of CIRT with regard to its physical and …

Mental Health And Beliefs About Abortion Access Following Changes To Reproductive Healthcare Laws In 2022: Findings From Oklahoma, Munjireen Sifat, Laili K. Boozary, Tina N. Le, Julia Mcquoid, Brittany Zaring-Hinkle, Sarah Tonkin, Lizbeth Benson, Bingjing Mao, Motolani Ogunsanya, Ruosi Shao, Amy M. Cohn, Allyson Shortle, Darla E. Kendzor

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: A secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data was conducted to characterize beliefs about abortion access in Oklahoma, measure stress associated with the overturn of Roe vs. Wade (2022), and evaluate the potential relationship between post-Roe stress (PR stress) and mental health.

METHODS: From August through September 2022, adult Oklahomans (N = 1793) were surveyed about their sociodemographic characteristics, beliefs about abortion access, frequency of past-month stress related to the overturn of Roe vs. Wade, and mental health. Beliefs about abortion access were characterized overall and within sociodemographic groups. The relationship between PR stress and mental health was evaluated, and …

Dcpr: A Deep Learning Framework For Circadian Phase Reconstruction, Xiao Han, Xiaochen Cen, Zhijin Li, Xiaobo Zhou, Zhiwei Ji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The circadian clock is an evolutionarily conserved system that orchestrates 24-h physiological rhythms through transcriptional and translational feedback loops. Mounting evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between circadian rhythm alteration and disease progression, positioning the circadian clock as a potential therapeutic target. Due to the scarcity of high-resolution temporal omics data, it remains very challenging to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms of the circadian system. As a practical alternative, public untimed transcriptomic datasets offer the potential to infer gene expression oscillations retrospectively. However, existing computational approaches for circadian phase estimation often suffer from limited predictive accuracy, reducing their ability to …

Electrochemical Sensors Based On Graphene Oxide/Pedot:Pss Composite Decorated With Bimetallic Gold–Silver Nanoparticles For H2o2 Detection, Rayyan Azzahra Hidayat, Budi Riza Putra, Munawar Khalil, Wulan Tri Wahyuni

Makara Journal of Science

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a biomarker that indicates oxidative stress levels in the human body; thus, rapid and accurate detection methods are necessary to diagnose various disorders. This study developed a nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor for detecting H₂O₂ using bimetallic gold–silver nanoparticles (Au–Ag NPs) combined with graphene oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)-modified glassy carbon electrode. The surface properties of the modified electrodes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. The bimetallic Au-Ag …

The Evolving Therapeutic Landscape Of Nanoscale Cancer Drug Delivery Systems: Future Perspectives, Nafeesa Qudsia Hanif, Bushra Arshad, Anila Fariq, Syed Imam Hussain Abidi, Sohail Ameer Marwat, Aneela Fatima

Journal of Bioresource Management

Cancer is one of the main causes of deaths in the world. Conventional cancer therapeutic approaches such as chemo- and radiotherapy have burdened the cancer patients with arduous physical and psychological challenges. Moreover, in case of onset of this disease, huge amount is required against the medications (chemotherapy and radiotherapy). It is estimated that annually, the increasing cancer disease incidence rate is alarming. In developed countries, the health support is given by the nation. Therefore, the health managements in the developed nations are over-burdened due to heavy expanses against expansive cancer therapy treatments. Interestingly, tumor treatments have undergone a comprehensive …

Hubungan Kehamilan Usia Remaja Dengan Kelahiran Prematur Di Rsud Cengkareng Jakarta Barat Tahun 2022: Sebuah Studi Kohort Retrospektif, Anna Triana, Sudarto Ronoatmodjo

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Premature birth is leading causes of neonatal mortality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), global premature birth rates reached 9.9% in 2020, it’s rising compared to preterm birth rates in 2010. One of the risk factors for preterm birth is the mother's age, which pregnant adolescents are more at risk of giving birth to preterm babies due to physiological, psychological, and socioeconomic immaturity. This study is an analytical study with a retrospective cohort design to determine the relationship between adolescents pregnancy and preterm birth. This study was conducted in Cengkareng General Hospital West Jakarta using patient’s medical record data. …

Analisis Cakupan Penemuan Kasus Tuberkulosis (Treatment Coverage) Berdasarkan Faktor Demografis Dan Komorbiditas Di Puskesmas Ciracas Tahun 2023-2024, Anggie Hardiyanti, Helda Helda, Mufti As Siddiq M. Irzal, Mareska Monica

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global and national health burden, with case detection coverage still below target in several regions. The success of TB control programs largely depends on achieving adequate treatment coverage. In East Jakarta, Ciracas Primary Health Center recorded a treatment coverage of 75% (497 cases) in 2023, the lowest among ten centers, and an increase to 84% (509 cases) in 2024, though still below the national target of 90%. To analyze TB case detection coverage based on demographic factors and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus) at Ciracas Primary Health Center during 2023–2024. This study …

Socio-Demographic Determinants Of Hospitalization Severity Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Hospitalization Visits In Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Using Bpjs Health Secondary Data, 2023, Nadia Putri, Asri C. Adisasmita, Fitria Fitria, Sely Anggraini

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with high prevalence and contributes significantly to the burden of inpatient care in Indonesia. The severity of T2DM-related hospitalization as classified under the INA-CBGs system, is an important indicator for assessing disparities in access to care and the health system’s response to vulnerable populations. This study aims to analyze the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the severity of T2DM-related hospitalization visits based on 2023 Social Security Administering Body for Health (BPJS Health) data. This study employed a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the 2023 BPJS Health Sample Data. The unit …

Investigations On The Pharmacognostic Characteristics Of Capparis Species I-Lectins, Hussein Ali Hussein Al-Sa'idy, Abbas Khazaal Okab, Hussein K. Alkufi, Hayder Naji Sameer

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: As glycoproteins widely distributed in the plants of carbohydrate binding specificity, lectins are considered macromolecules of paramount significance. Their sugar based binding dependent agglutination property nominates them for blood grouping as well as GIT complications management.

Objective: Exploring the nature, classifications, and pharmacological properties of lectins, particularly those found in Capparis species and their aqueous extracts within the last 20-25 years is the aim of this review.

Methods: This review evaluates pharmacological studies of Capparis lectins, emphasizing therapeutic effects identified through focused keyword searches.

Results: Capparis lectins and aqueous extracts exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-rheumatic, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, and …

Leveraging Community Health Worker’S Deep Community Knowledge To Address Food And Nutrition Security In Appalachia, Alexis Kimbro Scott, Melissa D. Olfert, Dawn Brewer, Makenzie Barr, Julie Plasencia

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Community health workers (CHWs) are trusted professionals in communities because of the deep understanding and cultural insights learned from their lived experiences. In Appalachia, CHWs are embedded in the community, giving them a unique understanding of how social determinants, like food and nutrition security, impact health outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the professional characteristics and knowledge of CHWs while identifying culturally sensitive practices around food insecurity.

Methods: This cross-sectional, mixed-methods study used an online survey and in-depth phone interviews with CHWs in the Appalachian Region to examine their professional characteristics and knowledge on food security in their …

Influence Of Family Health History And Parental Education On Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, And Lipid Levels In 5th Grade Children: A Secondary Data Analysis Of The Cardiac Project, Madha Rani Das, Lee A. Plyes, Eloise Elliott, Christa L. Lilly

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Childhood obesity and related cardiovascular risks reflect the interplay of genetic predispositions and socioeconomic adversity. Appalachia’s poverty, limited health care, and educational gaps worsen family health risks, driving early cardio-metabolic problems in children, highlighting the need for effective interventions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the association of family health history and parental education with BMI, BP, and lipid profiles among 5^th grade children in West Virginia (WV).

Methods: The study used WV CARDIAC data from 2006–2009. Outcomes were BMI, SBP/DBP, and fasting lipids (HDL, LDL, TG). Predictors were parental education and family health history …

Positive Psychology Interventions For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd) Among Earthquake Survivors In Nepal, Niusha Karki, Melissa C. Henry, Mark M. Leach

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Natural disasters produce both community and individual trauma; Nepal’s 2015 and 2023 earthquakes exemplify this enduring impact. Previous literature has discussed the effects of PTSD and other mental health concerns post-disasters, providing some context to the difficulties in providing counseling services to those in need. However, little is known about unique psychological, cultural, and contextual factors in Nepal and how their influence and understanding may result in modifying traditional PTSD counseling interventions found in much of the existing professional literature. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to propose a culturally responsive, strengths-based framework that integrates positive psychology interventions, positive …

Individualised Homoeopathic Treatment Of Menstrual Distress In Adolescent Girls- A Case Series, Neha Kalra, Ritika Saxena, Anjula Narang, Subhash Kaushik

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: Menstrual distress is a broad term describing the constellation of physical, emotional, and behavioural symptoms that occur about menstruation and cause discomfort or disruption to daily life. These symptoms can include abdominal cramps, backache, breast tenderness, mood swings, irritability and sleep disturbances. This complex impact ex tends beyond pain alone and reflects the multifaceted burden that menstruation may impose. This case series brings forth eight adolescent girls suffering from menstrual distress, who were successfully treated with individualised Homoeopathy. Case summary: The results of this case series demonstrate a mean reduction in total Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MEDI-Q) score …

Effects Of Auricular Point Acupressure On Inflammatory Signaling In Chronic Low Back Pain: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Controlled Trial, Nada Lukkahatai, Hongyu Wang, Xinran Huang, Wanqi Chen, Hulin Wu, Jennifer Kawi, Zhiyin Yu, Constance M Johnson, Paul Christo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Auricular point acupressure (APA) has shown promise for pain relief, but its biological mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the effects of APA on inflammatory cytokines and explored the relationships between changes in inflammatory markers and clinical outcomes in older adults with chronic low back pain (cLBP).

Method: This secondary analysis utilized plasma samples from a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) (NCT03589703) with 272 participants aged 65 years and older with cLBP. The participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the targeted APA (T-APA), nontargeted APA (NT-APA), or education control (CG) groups for four weeks. Cytokine levels were …

Isg15 Dysregulates Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Contacts And Calcium Homeostasis In Ataxia Telangiectasia, Oygul Mirzalieva, Ryan E. Reed, Arthur L. Haas, Meredith A. Juncker, Patrick Logarbo, Jennifer M. Klein, David Worthylake, Shyamal D. Desai

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Dysregulation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial (ER:Mit) contacts and mitochondrial calcium (mitCa2+) homeostasis are found in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T). However, the cellular basis of these defects remains unclear. Previously, we demonstrated that the aberrantly elevated Interferon-Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) pathway inhibits protein polyubiquitylation, its dependent protein turnover, and mitophagy pathways in A-T. Literature indicates that silencing of mitochondrial ubiquitin ligase 1 (MUL1) stabilizes mitofusin2 (MFN2) and attenuates mitCa2+ uptake from ER to Mit (mitCa2+influx) in primary neurons. We have replicated these findings in apparently healthy fibroblasts. We hypothesized that elevated ISG15 may inhibit ubiquitin-dependent MUL1-mediated degradation …

6c Potency Of Terminalia Chebula Reveals Secondary Metabolites And Induces Apoptosis In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells (Tnbcs), Apoorva Parimoo, Shama Aphale, Prajakta D. Patil, Ruchika Kaul Ghanekar

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Breast cancer is a prevalent malignancy in women globally, and TNBCs, being ER-/PR-/Her2-, pose challenges in treatment options. Complementary and alternative medicines, including homoeopathic remedies, have gained popularity as potential anti-cancer agents to mitigate the side e ects of conventional drugs. Previously, the anticancer activity of homoeopathic potencies of Terminalia chebula (MT, 3X, 6C, and 30C) against breast cancer cell lines has been reported. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the mechanism of anticancer activity of 6C potency of T. chebula against the TNBC cell line, MDAMB231 and to understand the phytochemical composition of 6C potency. Methods: …

Homoeopathic Intervention In Dual Autoimmune Disorders: A Case Report On Management Of Vitiligo And Hashimoto Thyroiditis, Nitin Kumar Saklani

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Vitiligo and Hashimoto Thyroiditis often occur as chronic autoimmune disorders that require careful evaluation and individualised management. This case study examines the usefulness of homoeopathic interventions in addressing the complexities of Vitiligo and Hashimoto Thyroiditis through evidence-based methodologies. Case Summary: A 57-year-old woman initially sought medical attention for a noticeable whitish discolouration on the left side of her lips. Subsequent evaluations unveiled the presence of hypothyroidism, marked by elevated Anti-TPO levels, exposing the dual autoimmune nature of her condition. The patient’s concerns centered on the aesthetic impact of vitiligo on her lips and the broader health implications …

Physicochemical, Pharmacognostic Standardisation And Phytochemical Analyses Of The Homoeopathic Drug Justicia Adhatoda, Bibaswan Biswas, Satish Patel, Digvijay Verma, Satyajit Maity, Shilpi Singh, Paulami Majumdar, Narasimha Kumar Gv

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Justicia adhatoda (J. adhatoda), also well known as Vasaka in India is a medicinal plant chiefly used to treat respiratory ailments in traditional and alternative medical systems. Objective: This study aimed to establish the physicochemical, pharmacognostic, and phytochemical standardisation parameters of the drug. The study involved the measurement of physicochemical parameters and chemical profiling of the raw drug. The chemical characteristics of the in-house mother tincture (prepared from in-house raw drug) and commercial mother tinctures available in India were also evaluated to assess the quality of commercially available mother tinctures. Materials and Methods: The present study …

Potency Dependent Angiogenic Effect Of Bellis Perennis On In Ovo Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay, Jayanthdevan V, Winston Vargheese V, Anish Fathima K, Lohita S

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Hormesis is the biological response of an organism for a particular dosage of a substance. The lower dose stimulates and higher dose inhibits. J Compton Burnett, an eminent homeopath, prescribed Bellis perennis for breast and uterine tumours, which suggests it could be due to the antiangiogenic property or angiogenic inhibiting property and clinically also it is used for healing of fractured bone and wound healing which may be due to angiogenic promoting property. This experiment deals with the dose dependent effect of Bellis perennis on In Ovo Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay. Objective: To evaluate the Hormesis effect of Bellis …

The Concise Guide To Pharmacology 2025/26: Catalytic Receptors, Stephen P. H. Alexander, Doriano Fabbro, Chloe J. Peach, Alasdair J. Gibb, Eamonn Kelly, Alistair A. Mathie, Emma L. Veale, Jane F. Armstrong, Elena Faccenda, Simon D. Harding, Christopher Southan, Jamie A. Davies, Annie Beuve, Peter Brouckaert, Clare Bryant, John C. Burnett, Richard W. Farndale, Andreas Friebe, John Garthwaite, Adrian J. Hobbs, Gavin E. Jarvis, Laura Kilpatrick, Doris Koesling, Michaela Kuhn, Birgit Leitinger, David Macewan, Tom P. Monie, Lincoln R. Potter, Michael Russwurm, Harald H. H. W. Schmidt, Johannes-Peter Stasch, Scott A. Waldman

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The Concise Guide to Pharmacology 2025/26 marks the seventh edition in this series of biennial publications in the British Journal of Pharmacology. Presented in landscape format, the guide provides a comparative overview of the pharmacology of drug target families. The concise nature of the Concise Guide refers to the style of presentation, being clear, accessible, and well-structured, rather than the scope of the content, which spans approximately 500 pages. The Concise Guide summarises the key pharmacological properties of around 1900 human drug targets, and nearly 7000 interactions, involving around 4400 ligands. While the content is a substantially condensed version of …

Sex Differences In Bile Acid Homeostasis And Excretion Underlie The Disparity In Liver Cancer Incidence Between Males And Females, Megan E Patton, Sherwin Kelekar, Lauren J Taylor, Angela E Dean, Qianying Zuo, Rhishikesh N Thakare, Sung Hwan Lee, Emily C Gentry, Morgan Panitchpakdi, Pieter Dorrestein, Yazen Alnouti, Zeynep Madak-Erdogan, Ju-Seog Lee, Milton J Finegold, Sayeepriyadarshini Anakk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the common liver cancer, exhibits higher incidence in males. Here, we report that mice lacking bile acid (BA) regulators, Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR also termed NR1H4) and Small Heterodimer Partner (SHP also termed NR0B2), recapitulate the sex difference in liver cancer risk. Since few therapeutic options are available, we focused on understanding the intrinsic protection afforded to female livers. Transcriptomic analysis in control and NR1H4 and NR0B2 double knockout livers identified female-specific changes in metabolism, including amino acids, lipids, and steroids. To assess translational relevance, we examined if transcriptomic signatures obtained from this murine HCC model correlate …

Regenerative And Wellness Medicine: A Boon Or Barrier To Surgical Innovation In Degenerative Spine Care?, Álvaro Dowling, Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Morgan P. Lorio, Óscar L. Alves, Rossano Kepler Alvim Fiorelli, Sergio Luis Schmidt, Hansen A. Yuan, Alexander R. Vaccaro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Regenerative and wellness medicine is rapidly reshaping health care, particularly in the management of degenerative spine conditions. Noninvasive or minimally invasive options such as stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections, and holistic wellness programs are increasingly selected by patients who wish to avoid the risks, costs, and prolonged recovery associated with elective spine surgery.

PURPOSE: This perspective article examines whether regenerative and wellness approaches function primarily as a boon or a barrier to innovation in spine surgery and explores their impact on traditional, insurance-based surgical care models.

METHODS: Using a narrative, opinion-based framework, this article synthesizes current trends …

Role Of Gut Microbiome In Oncogenesis And Oncotherapies, Renuka Sri Sai Peddireddi, Sai Kiran Kuchana, Rohith Kode, Saketh Khammammettu, Aishwarya Koppanatham, Supriya Mattigiri, Harshavardhan Gobburi, Suresh K. Alahari

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

The gut microbiome has emerged as a key regulator of human health, influencing not only metabolism and immunity but also the development and treatment of cancer. Mounting evidence suggests that microbial dysbiosis contributes to oncogenesis by driving chronic inflammation, producing genotoxic metabolites, altering bile acid metabolism, and disrupting epithelial barrier integrity. At the same time, the gut microbiome significantly modulates the host response to oncotherapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and especially immunotherapy, where microbial diversity and specific taxa determine treatment efficacy and toxicity. This review synthesizes current evidence on the role of the gut microbiome in both oncogenesis and oncotherapies, focusing …