Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Substance Abuse On Nonverbal Emotional Expressiveness, Amy Lee Gnade

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to compare nonverbal emotional expressiveness between substance users and nonsubstance users.

Comparison Of Nutrition And Dental Practices Of International Students At The University Of Northern Iowa Before And After Coming To The United States, Joseph Ogah

International Journal of Global Health

This study examined possible changes in nutrition and dental practices of international students after migration to the United States (US). A random sample of 81 international students at the University of Northern Iowa responded to a mail-in survey in the Fall Semester of 1999 (65% female, 85% over 21 years old, and 54% graduate students). Chi-square analyses showed that, while in the United States, the sample of international students consumed more high fat food (p = .002), more high sugar food (p < .001), more fast food (p < .001), less fruits and vegetables (p = .022), and fewer breakfasts (p= .23) than they did before coming. They also brushed their teeth more (p .031) and sought less dental care (p < .001). No significant changes were observed in the consumptions of cereals, protein products, milk, and high caffeine beverages. It was concluded that some nutrition and dental practices of international students studying in the US change for the worse. Implications for culturally appropriate diet education programming for international college students were discussed.

Evidence For The Importance Of Community Involvement: Implications For Initiatives To Prevent Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv, Ann Leonard, Purnima Mane, Naomi Rutenberg

HIV and AIDS

This paper offers lessons learned from a literature review of community involvement in biomedical and other technologies that can guide appropriate and effective introduction of services for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A companion paper discusses research in Botswana and Zambia that showed gaps in community knowledge about HIV transmission, particularly from mother to child, and yielded insights into community perspectives about barriers to using voluntary counseling and testing services; stigma and fear associated with HIV; traditional norms on breastfeeding; and the role of family and community members in women’s decisions to participate in programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission …

Pick-Me-Up Newsletter - Issue 1, Volume 1, Nova Southeastern University

Pick Me Up Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Profile: Global Health Corps Short-Term Health Education Missions, Linda K. Miller

International Journal of Global Health

Global Health Corps is a non -profit organization that provides a field -based training program for post-secondary students in the area of cross-cultural community health. Students practice a variety of culturally appropriate community health activities domestically in the United States, as well as villages and shantytowns around the world. Preventive health activities include basic health assessments, hypertension clinics, program evaluations, health fairs, breastfeeding promotion, hygiene programs, fitness promotion, safety and first-aid programs, violence prevention programs, and educational programs on topics such as nutrition, dental health , prenatal care, well-baby care, reproductive health , infectious disease prevention, cancer prevention, school health …

Pick-Me-Up Newsletter - Issue 2, Volume 1, Nova Southeastern University

Pick Me Up Newsletter

No abstract provided.

A Review Of The Process Of Accessing Services For Children With Special Health Care Needs In North Dakota, Lynsey Schmidt

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

It has been a concern of the Family Advisory Council of Children's Special Health Services, Bismarck, North Dakota, that many families experienced difficulties when trying to access information for medical, financial, educational, and family services for their children with special health care needs. The family members on this advisory board found the process of accessing services confusing and time consuming, and indicated that families were also unclear as to where to begin the process. An abundance of information provided at the time of their child's diagnosis made it difficult for families to make informed decisions about the most important and …

Preliminary Findings On The Experimental Transmission Of Chronic Wasting Disease Agent Of Mule Deer To Cattle, Amir N. Hamir, Randall C. Cutlip, Janice M. Miller, Elizabeth S. Williams, Mick J. Stack, Michael W. Miller, Katherine I. O'Rourke, Melanie J. Chaplin

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

To determine the transmissibility of chronic wasting disease (CWD) to cattle and to provide information about clinical course, lesions, and suitability of currently used diagnostic procedures for detection of CWD in cattle, 13 calves were inoculated intracerebrally with brain suspension from mule deer naturally affected with CWD. Between 24 and 27 months postinoculation, 3 animals became recumbent and were euthanized. Gross necropsies revealed emaciation in 2 animals and a large pulmonary abscess in the third. Brains were examined for protease-resistant prion protein (PrP^res) by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting and for scrapie-associated fibrils (SAFs) by negative-stain electron microscopy. Microscopic …

Cover - Front Matter - Table Of Contents

International Journal of Global Health

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Meal Composition And Body Fat On Sleep And Tiredness, Michael Malone

All Volumes (2001-2008)

The role of dietary carbohydrates, dietary fat, and body fat in the regulation of sleep and tiredness was determined by studying sleep and tiredness in nineteen female subjects of different body compositions. It was hypothesized that dietary fat and body fat interact to cause an increase in sleep and tiredness. Subjects were healthy college students between the ages of 18 and 25 years old. This study was dual-phased. Phase I involved a 21 day record of normal hours slept per day and self-reported tiredness. In Phase II, the subjects consumed both a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet for five days (for …

Accuracy Of Predictive Formulas To Estimate Resting Energy Expenditure Of Thermally Injured Patients, Roland N. Dickerson, Jane M. Gervasio, Marti L. Riley, James E. Murrell, William L. Hickerson, Kenneth A. Kudsk, Rex O. Brown

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Abstract from the 25th Clinical Congress of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Chicago, IL, January 21-24, 2001.

Cultural Competence In Epidemiological Field Work With Cultures In Flux: Romania, Diane Depken, Catherine Zeman

International Journal of Global Health

This article is a case study of conducting field -based epidemiological work in a former communist country. A brief background of Romanian history and culture is followed by discussion of the challenges of doing epidemiological science in a culture experiencing socio-political flux. In this former communist country where a common understanding of specific methods of epidemiological science and research ethics is not necessarily shared by both visiting and indigenous scientists, successful fieldwork depends on a high degree of understanding, sensitivity, and patience. The United States Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Minority Health, OMH provides guidelines for culturally …

Anorexia Nervosa : A Psychological Perspective Of Etiology And Current Treatment Procedures, Arlene Lagary

Graduate Research Papers

Anorexia nervosa is a chronic and sometimes fatal illness characterized by physical and psychological complications. Although no etiology for this illness has been determined, this paper presents a psychological etiology based on a synthesis of both traditional and current literature. The influence of culture, the therapeutic alliance, and client resistance are also considered. Relapse is common and the illness may last for many years. The health care community has addressed the complexity and chronicity of this illness by using a multi-component approach that includes psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychodynamic interventions, family therapy, and psychopharmacology.

Globalization, Diet, And Health: An Example From Tonga, Mike Evans, Robert C. Sinclair, Caroline Fusimalohi, Viliami Liava’A

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

The increased flow of goods, people, and ideas associated with globalization have contributed to an

increase in noncommunicable diseases in much of the world. One response has been to encourage lifestyle changes with educational programmes, thus controlling the lifestyle-related disease. Key assumptions with this approach are that people’s food preferences are linked to their consumption patterns, and that consumption patterns can be transformed through educational initiatives. To investigate these assumptions, and policies that derive from it, we undertook a broad-based survey of food-related issues in the Kingdom of Tonga using a questionnaire. Data on the relationships between food preferences, perception …

Lack Of Effect Of Induction Of Hypothermia After Acute Brain Injury, Guy L. Clifton, Emmy R. Miller, Sung C. Choi, Harvey S. Levin, Stephen Mccauley, Kenneth R. Smith, J. Paul Muizerlaar, Franklin C. Wagner, Donald W. Marion, Thomas G. Luerssen, Randall M. Chesnut, Michael Schwartz

Biostatistics Publications

Background

Induction of hypothermia in patients with brain injury was shown to improve outcomes in small clinical studies, but the results were not definitive. To study this issue, we conducted a multicenter trial comparing the effects of hypothermia with those of normothermia in patients with acute brain injury.

Methods

The study subjects were 392 patients 16 to 65 years of age with coma after sustaining closed head injuries who were randomly assigned to be treated with hypothermia (body temperature, 33°C), which was initiated within 6 hours after injury and maintained for 48 hours by means of surface cooling, or normothermia. …

Public Beliefs About The Preventability Of Unintentional Injury Deaths, Deborah C. Girasek

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

This report is based upon the results of a national random digit dialed telephone survey in which 943 adults were queried. Subjects reported the proportion of deaths due to motor vehicle crashes, falls, fires/burns, drowning and poisoning that they felt were preventable. On average, respondents believed that 56% of ‘fatal accidents’ were preventable; as were 62% of motor vehicle crash deaths, 53% of fall deaths, 67% of drownings, 62% of fire/burn fatalities and 70% of accidental poisonings. Logistic regression models predicting preventability beliefs differed according to the type of injury event in question, but socio-economic status and perceived alcohol involvement …

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2001 Annual Report, John A. Schmitz

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Twenty Departmental students completed their Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Science degrees in 2001, nineteen in the Veterinary Science Major and one in the Veterinary Technologist Major. Twenty-five Nebraska residents were admitted into the College of Veterinary Medicine at Kansas State University, twelve of them having completed all or part of their pre-veterinary studies at UNL. Seven students completed their Master of Science degree in Veterinary Science. Enrollment in the Distance Education MS in Veterinary Science Master of Science, Distance Education Program increased to seven students, with several applications still being processed or expected. Three new Distance Education courses were …

Prevention Of Trafficking And The Care And Support Of Trafficked Persons In The Context Of An Emerging Hiv/Aids Epidemic In Nepal, Celine Daly

HIV and AIDS

This study is a collaborative effort between the Asia Foundation (Kathmandu) and the Horizons project of the Population Council (New Delhi) to document the current intervention models and community-based study of human trafficking in the context of an emerging HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nepal. To address the human rights component of trafficking, the three components of this study focus on the rights and needs of trafficked persons as well as those who are vulnerable to trafficking. An analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of laws, policies, and interventions in the apprehension, prosecution, and conviction of alleged traffickers is not included in …

Hiv And Partner Violence: What Are The Implications For Voluntary Counseling And Testing?, Carolyn Knapp

HIV and AIDS

Millions of women around the world face two great threats to their health and well-being: HIV/AIDS and violence by an intimate partner. One of the strongest associations between the two is the role that violence and the threat of violence play in limiting a woman’s ability to negotiate safer sex with a partner. A similar fear of violence also discourages women who receive HIV voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) from telling partners about test results. This study explored the links between HIV infection, serostatus disclosure, and partner violence among women attending a VCT clinic in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Researchers …

Cationic Surfactant Mediated Hybridization And Hydrophobization Of Dna Molecules At The Liquid/Liquid Interface And Their Phase Transfer, Murali Sastry, Ashavani Kumar, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Vidya Ramakrishnan, Krishna N. Ganesh

Faculty Works

Hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides mediated by a cationic surfactant at the water/hexane interface leads to hydrophobic, double-helical DNA which may be readily phase transferred to the organic phase and cast into thin films on solid substrates.

Using System Level Quality Measures To Improve Home And Community-Based Services In Maine, Julie T. Fralich Mba, Sue Nonemaker Rn, Ms

Disability & Aging

The purpose of this project was to identify a set of quality measures that could be used to profile the performance of Maine’s home and community based care (HCBS) system. The long term care system in Maine has been significantly restructured in the last five years. Funding for home care services has more than doubled and now represents approximately 20% of Medicaid and State funding for LTC. This has led to increased interest in assuring the quality of services that are being provided and developing ways to improve the delivery of services and outcomes for consumers.

Using assessment data from …

Making A Difference For Children Affected By Aids: Baseline Findings From Operations Research In Uganda, Laelia Gilborn, Rebecca Nyonyintono, Robert Kabumbuli, Gabriel Jagwe-Wadda

HIV and AIDS

Many organizations and programs have begun to provide services and support to AIDS-orphaned children in East and southern Africa. Typical program components include the provision of school fees and supplies, supplementary feeding, home-visiting programs in which community members visit and assist affected children, and vocational training. However, few of these programs have been formally evaluated for impact. This paper reports on baseline findings from a study of two programs for AIDS-affected children and their families implemented by PLAN International in the Luwero and Tororo districts of Uganda. One program, referred to as orphan support, provides educational, health, and nutritional assistance …

Setting Limits: Medical Technology And The Law, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

The allocation and rationing of health care resources is, no doubt, one of the most pressing issues confronting contemporary society. These issues considered from a micro and a macro level of economic analysis are linked inextricably to utilitarianism which, in turn, relies upon a cost-benefit analysis which balances reasonable individual needs against the availability of medical resources within the larger community. From an ethical viewpoint, the cost-benefit approach to the distribution of health care resources is impractical because it seeks to reduce (or convert) all health benefits to dollar amounts, thereby seeking very awkwardly to convert quality of life benefits …

The Effects Of Line Dancing On Balance And Coordination In The Elderly, Sara Welder

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine if a six-week line dancing program has a significant effect on balance and coordination in a geriatric population. If proven effective, line dancing can be added to the options available to physical therapists for balance and coordination training.

A total of 12 volunteer subjects participated in this study. They were separated into two groups, a control group (n = 6, 4 females and 2 males), and a dance group (n = 6, all female) according to participant's preference. Subjects were in good health, were high functioning , and were found to be …

Increasing Coverage Of Reproductive Health Issues In The Indonesian Print Media, Wanda Firmansyah, Sahar Hegazi, Siti Rokhmawati Darwisyah, Lila Amaliah

Reproductive Health

With the reform movement in Indonesia, the FRONTIERS project recognized the new opportunities for influencing public debate and informing public opinion on reproductive health issues and undertook a project for disseminating the results of contemporary research on reproductive health. The project had three main objectives: 1) to increase print media coverage of critical reproductive health issues by enhancing journalists’ role as responsible communication agents; 2) to contribute to public debate on emerging reproductive health issues in order to influence policy development and guide program management; and 3) to increase public awareness of key health issues, with a particular focus on …

Submerged And Solid-State Phytase Fermentation By Aspergillus Niger: Effects Of Agitation And Medium Viscosity On Phytase Production, Fungal Morphology And Inoculum Performance, Maria Papagianni, Sue E. Nokes, Keith Filer

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

Qualitative relationships between agitation levels and medium viscosity, Aspergillus niger morphology and phytase production were investigated in submerged and solid-state fermentations. Overall phytase production increased with increasing shaker speeds from 150 to 300 rpm, although specific growth rates and phytase production rates were higher at 150 rpm for 72 h from inoculation. Fungal morphology was greatly influenced by agitation with the morphological forms of small pellets and entangled mycelia predominating at 150 rpm, while the free filamentous form was obtained at 300 rpm. Upon inoculation of SSF, increased productivities were obtained from inocula grown at 150 rpm. A shift towards …

Comment Promouvoir L'Utilisation Des Résultats D'Une Analyse Situationnelle À L'Échelle Nationale: Expérience Du Sénégal, Adama Ndoye, Bineta M'Bow, Cheikh Bamba Diop, Mady Cisse, Macoumba Thiam, Diouratie Sanogo, Mbacke Niang

Reproductive Health

Avec cette dissémination des résultats de l’Analyse Situationnelle (AS) de 1998 le Ministère de la Santé réalise la troisième activité de ce genre. Au sortir de la dissémination, plusieurs enseignements sont tirés: Une bonne préparation de l’activité est nécessaire et, dans ce sens, la place de l’atelier de planification et l’établissement concerté d’un calendrier des activités par les niveaux national et régional sont prépondérants. L’organisation pratique des ateliers de dissémination doit compter avec l’utilisation des professionnels de la santé des régions et des médias locaux. Cette initiative a permis de crédibiliser les résultats ce qui a favorisé leur appropriation par …

Re-Thinking The Summer Drenching Program, Brown Besier

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The summer drenching program has provided highly effective sheep worm control in Western Australia for many years - but recent research challenges its long term sustainability.

Trial results suggest that in large parts of the State, summer drenching is the main factor leading to the development of drench resistant worms. Alternative programs less likely to lead to drench resistance will require greater monitoring of worm burdens and panning pasture moves.

Catalog, Jefferson College Of Graduate Studies, 2001-2003, Jefferson College Of Graduate Studies

JCGS Administrative Documents & Policies

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of Anemia And Child Mortality, B.J. Brabin, Zul Premji, F. Verhoeff

Pathology, East Africa

The relationship of anemia as a risk factor for child mortality was analyzed by using cross-sectional, longitudinal and case-control studies, and randomized trials. Five methods of estimation were adopted: 1) the proportion of child deaths attributable to anemia; 2) the proportion of anemic children who die in hospital studies; 3) the population-attributable risk of child mortality due to anemia; 4) survival analyses of mortality in anemic children; and 5) cause-specific anemia-related child mortality. Most of the data available were hospital based. For children aged 0-5 y the percentage of deaths due to anemia was comparable for reports from highly malarious …