Digital Commons Network^™

Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy And Lactation On The Development Of Infants Born To Tanzanian Women Living With Hiv: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomised Controlled Trial, Temiwunmi Shobanke, Alfa Muhihi, Nandita Perumal Phd, Nzovu Ulenga, Fadhlun M. Alwy Al-Beity, Christopher P. Duggan, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Karim P. Manji, Christopher R. Sudfeld

Faculty Publications

Background Infants born to pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) are at greater risk for morbidity and mortality and may also have poorer developmental outcomes as compared with infants who are not exposed to HIV. Nutrition interventions in pregnancy may affect developmental outcomes.

Objectives This study evaluated the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on infant development outcomes.

Design We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of maternal vitamin D supplementation from June 2015 to October 2019.

Setting Antenatal care clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Participants Pregnant WLHIV and their offspring.

Interventions Daily 3000 IU …

Postpartum Conversion Type 2 Diabetes In African American Women With Gestational Diabetes, Guerino Tondreau

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains a significant public health concern in the United States, with non-Hispanic Black women bearing a disproportionately high burden of the disease. Although this group has a lower overall prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), those who develop GDM face an increased risk of progressing to T2DM. The purpose of this quantitative, correlational study was to explore the relationship between GDM, physical activity, weight status, and T2DM development among non-Hispanic Black women. Secondary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, collected from 2017 through March 2020, were analyzed. The health belief model served …

Amino Acids And Cart Distinguish A-Β+ Ketosis-Prone Diabetes From Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes During Hyperglycemic Crises, Farook Jahoor, Jean W Hsu, Kelly R Keene, W Frank Peacock, Xiaofang Huang, Danielle Guffey, Jinyoung Byun, Rasmus Bennet, Ake Lernmark, Mustafa Tosur, Ashok Balasubramanyam

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Context: When clinically stable, patients with A-β+ ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) manifest unique markers of amino acid metabolism. Biomarkers differentiating KPD from type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) during hyperglycemic crises would accelerate diagnosis and management.

Objective: Compare serum metabolomics of KPD, T1D, and T2D patients during hyperglycemic crises, and utilize classification and regression tree (CART) modeling to distinguish these forms of diabetes.

Methods: At an urban hospital emergency center, adults with KPD, T1D, and T2D during hyperglycemic crises with or without diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and healthy controls, underwent comparisons of serum metabolite and hormonal profiles and CART analyses. …

Metagenomic Characterization Of Gut Microbiota In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Microbial Signatures And Modulation By Anti-Inflammatory Diet And Probiotics, Marysol Valencia-Buitrago, Rodrigo Dias Oliveira-Carvalho, Valbert Cardoso, Jessica Triviño-Valencia, Luisa Matilde Salamanca-Duque, Vanessa Martínez-Díaz, Jovanny Zabaleta, Narmer Fernando Galeano-Vanegas, Carlos Andrés Naranjo-Galvis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasingly associated with alterations in gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and immune dysregulation. However, integrative studies exploring these mechanisms in Latin American populations are lacking. Objective: To characterize gut microbiota profiles in Colombian children with ASD and evaluate the effects of two microbiota-targeted interventions, an anti-inflammatory diet and a probiotic formulation, on microbial diversity and taxonomic composition. Methods: In a two-phase study, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples from 23 children with ASD and 7 typically developing (TD) controls. In the second phase, 17 children with ASD were randomized to receive a 12-week …

Regional Citrate Anticoagulation And Infectious Complications In Critically Ill Children And Young Adults Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, Katja M Gist, Sai Prasad N Iyer, H David Humes, Stuart L Goldstein, Mihaela Damian, Andrea Cappoli, Catherine Joseph, Danielle E Soranno, Michelle Starr, Ashita Tolwani, Kevin K Chung, Theresa Mottes, Huaiyu Zang, Jangdong Seo, Nicholas J Ollberding, Shina Menon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Recent studies have identified an association between regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) and subsequent infectious complications during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). We aimed to determine if RCA was associated with infectious complications in children and young adults receiving CRRT.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the multinational Worldwide Exploration of Renal Replacement Outcomes Collaborative in Kidney Disease (WE-ROCK) registry (34 centers, 9 countries), was performed, including patients from 2015 to 2018. Patients were excluded if they (1) died within 72 h of CRRT initiation, had minor trauma or were postsurgical (analysis 1), or (2) met an exclusion in analysis 1 …

Hematologic And Serum Biochemical Reference Intervals For Formosan Sika Deer (Cervus Nippon Taiouanus) From A Semi-Free-Ranging Population In Taiwan, Chen-Wei Wang, Ke-Lun Chen, Hung-Yi Wu, Chia-Ying Lin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The Formosan sika deer (Cervus nippon taiouanus), an endemic Taiwanese subspecies, holds a pivotal role in local conservation. This study addresses a significant knowledge gap by establishing population-specific reference intervals (RIs) for this species, as existing RIs are based on limited captive populations and may not accurately reflect the health of semi-free-ranging cohorts. We analyzed 632 sampling events from 232 healthy adult deer within Kenting National Park over 12 years (2013–2024). This study adhered to ASVCP guidelines, establishing instrument-specific RIs and employing linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) to evaluate the complex interactions among analytical instruments, sex, and body weight. …

Redefining The Albumin-Bilirubin Score: Predictive Modeling And Multidimensional Integration In Liver And Systemic Disease, Berkay Demirors, Ramin Shekouhi, Paola Berrios Jimenez, Anjali Yadav, Guido Chiriboga, Vishal A. Mahesh, Harsheen K. Manaise, Jade Bowers, Angel Aguayo Merly, Emmanuel Gabriel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

This editorial comment is on the article by Xu et al. It offers an in-depth analysis of liver function assessment tools and their prognostic roles in non-malignant liver diseases, with a focus on the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score. ALBI’s components, grading system, and clinical relevance across various liver conditions are reviewed and compared with traditional models such as the Child-Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease scores. We included recent studies evaluating ALBI’s role in estimating liver function, suggesting it may help differentiate patients who appear similar under other staging systems, and assist in guiding clinical decisions. Although ALBI is primarily …

Isolated Transaminitis As A Sentinel Sign Of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy In An Infant: A Case Report, Ayesha Khalid, Tuba Chaudhry, Ayesha Liaqat, Lauren Tufts

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive muscular dystrophy (MD) that typically presents after ambulation due to progressive proximal muscle weakness. The average age of diagnosis is 4.83 years. However, there are some subtle signs that can help in early diagnosis and delay the progression of the disease. We present a non-classical DMD case in a six-month-old infant with failure to thrive, persistent emesis, transaminitis, and truncal weakness, leading to an early diagnosis of DMD. Initial workup for failure to thrive was unremarkable, other than persistently elevated liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) with normal alkaline …

Fluid Resuscitation Choice And Its Effect On Plasma Chloride And Acute Kidney Injury In Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Randomized Study Of Normal Saline Vs. Balanced Crystalloids (Physiomax), Mandip Singh Bhatia, Ritu Attri, Ashok Kumar Pannu, Atul Saroch, Saurabh C Sharda, Neeraj Singla, Sakshi Mehta

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially fatal gastrointestinal condition, often associated with organ failure and acute kidney injury (AKI). Early fluid resuscitation with Normal saline (NS) may lead to hyperchloremia and AKI, which prompted interest in using balanced crystalloids. However, the optimal choice of crystalloid fluid remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare the effects of NS versus Physiomax on plasma chloride levels and AKI incidence during early resuscitation in patients with predicted severe AP (pSAP).

Methods: A single-center, prospective, randomized study was conducted between November 2022 and December 2023 at PGIMER, Chandigarh, India. 112 patients with pSAP were …

Inovasi Aplikasi Adhimukti Brata Care Stunting Berbasis Appsheet Untuk Pendataan Status Gizi Anak Di Kabupaten Banggai, Moh. Saputra Tambora, Imelda Hutasoit

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan serius di Indonesia, termasuk di Kabupaten Banggai dengan prevalensi 29,1% pada tahun 2023. Keterlambatan intervensi sering terjadi akibat keterbatasan data gizi anak yang akurat, terbaru, dan mudah diakses. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengembangan Aplikasi Adhimukti Brata Care Stunting berbasis AppSheet sebagai solusi pendataan gizi anak secara real-time. Metode yang digunakan adalah research and development (R&D) dengan model prototyping, meliputi tahap analisis kebutuhan, perancangan, implementasi, uji coba teknis, dan penyempurnaan. Data diperoleh dari hasil uji coba aplikasi, observasi proses input, serta masukan pengguna awal yaitu petugas DP2KBP3A, PKB, dan kader posyandu. Hasil pengembangan menunjukkan aplikasi …

Spatial-Temporal Variation Of Diarrhea Among Children Under 5 Years Old Between 2010-2020 In Rwanda, Amans Ntakarutimana Dr., Patrick A. Tschida Dr., Elias Nyandwi Dr.

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

We used secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys of 2010, 2015, and 2020 to assess the spatial-temporal variation of diarrhea among children under 5 years old between the years 2010 and 2020 in Rwanda. Stratified descriptive statistics, pairwise comparisons, and logistic regression designs were used for data analysis in SPSS. A statistically significant variation of diarrhea among children under 5 years old was observed across districts, regions, and urban–rural areas but not at the national level between 2010–2020. Some districts of the Western region, including Nyabihu (OR = 2.5), Ngororero (OR = 2.3), and Karongi …

Attitudes Of Optometrists Towards Referring Patients For Nutrition And Lifestyle Changes To Treat Diabetic Retinopathy And Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Samantha Chapman

All ETDs from UAB

Some ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, have direct links to systemic diseases or the condition of the body as a whole. Specific diet and lifestyle changes have been studied in relation to these two diseases and, while it is not within the scope of optometry to prescribe these changes for patients, an optometrist may refer to a variety of specialists so that patients can receive the most holistic care available. The primary goal of this study is to assess the attitudes of currently practicing United States optometrists towards referring to nutrition and lifestyle professionals and their …

Radio And Television Media And Health-Seeking Behavior Among Women In Rural Northern Nigeria, Olufolake Akeju

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Poor maternal health-seeking behavior (MHSB) has contributed to persistently high maternal mortality in rural northern Nigeria. Despite increasing access to health information via media platforms, little is known about the association between media exposure and MHSB in this region. In this study, the association between mass media exposure (radio and television) and MHSB was investigated using institutional delivery as a proxy. The health belief model was applied as the theoretical framework for this study and sought to answer two key questions focused on whether there is an association between media exposure and MHSB in rural northern Nigeria and what the …

The Hidden Link Between Hiv And Cardiomyopathy: Unraveling Hiv's Impact On The Heart, Toluwalase Awoyemi, Oluwaremilekun Zeth Tolu-Akinnawo, Andrew Greek, Oluwakemi Adenuga, Chukwuebuka Asogwa, Isaac Ekundayo, Olamide Odusola, Oyinlola O. Fasehun, Mercy Ajayi, Onyinye Ugoala

School of Medicine Publications

This comprehensive review examines the complex relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cardiomyopathy, focusing on the underlying molecular mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies. It highlights the significant global health burden posed by HIV and its potential to cause long-term cardiovascular complications. The review investigates the pathogenesis of HIV-associated cardiomyopathy. It elucidates the intricate cellular and molecular pathways involved, including the actions of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes in cardiac inflammation. Key signaling pathways such as TNF-NF-κB and the caspase-1 inflammasome are detailed, as they contribute to cardiac infection and injury. The clinical manifestations of HIV-associated cardiomyopathy …

Human Toxocariasis, Susana Lopez-Alamillo, Pravallika Padyala, Megan Carey, Megan M Duffey, Jill E Weatherhead

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human toxocariasis is a globally prevalent zoonotic parasitic infection caused by larvae of Toxocara species, primarily Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati. Toxocariasis is commonly transmitted to humans through the ingestion of embryonated Toxocara eggs found in contaminated soil, water, or on surfaces contaminated with animal feces. Unlike in dogs and cats, humans are not definitive hosts for Toxocara spp., and, as a result, Toxocara larvae do not complete their life cycle in humans. Instead, following accidental oral ingestion of embryonated eggs, Toxocara larvae undergo an aberrant larval migratory cycle to various organs including the lungs, liver, muscles, and central …

The Cost Of Malnutrition In Older Adults In The Mountain West, 2020, Taylor Volk, Anirudh Polagani, Olivia K. Cheche, Kristian Thymianos, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Health

This fact sheet presents 2020 data on the annual costs of disease-associated malnutrition for adults aged 65 years and older across the five Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The data are sourced from “Advancing Policies for Quality Malnutrition Care in Older Adults: A Toolkit for State Legislators,” a report published by Defeat Malnutrition Today and Women in Government.

The "Secret Of Seven Stones": Short-Term Efficacy Of An Online Intergenerational Sexual Health Education Game For Early Adolescents And Their Parents, Ross Shegog, Christine Markham, Melissa Peskin, Robert C Addy, Sara Dube, Diane Santa Maria, Susan Tortolero Emery, Johnny M Wilkerson, Elizabeth Baumler, Laura Armistead, Pooja Chaudhary, Hsing-Yi Song, Angela Spencer, Jeffery Mclaughlin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: Intergenerational games offer a potential channel to impact parent-youth sexual health communication. The "Secret of Seven Stones" (SSS) is an 18-level online adventure game and parent website designed to engage parents and youth (11-14 years) in conversations about healthy dating relationships and sexual behavior and to provide sexual health skills training to youth. Study hypotheses were that SSS exposure would increase sexual health parent-child communication, increase youth intentions to delay sexual debut, and reduce youth exposure to situations that promote sexual activity.

Materials and Methods: SSS was evaluated in the homes of parent-youth dyads randomly assigned to intervention ( …

Infectious Prions In Brains And Muscles Of Domestic Pigs Experimentally Challenged With The Bse, Scrapie, And Cwd Agents, Francisca Bravo-Risi, Fraser Brydon, Angela Chong, Kane Spicker, Justin J Greenlee, Glenn Telling, Claudio Soto, Sandra Pritzkow, Marcelo A Barria, Rodrigo Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Experimental studies suggest that animal species not previously described as naturally infected by prions are susceptible to prion diseases affecting sheep, cattle, and deer. These interspecies transmissions may generate prions with unknown host ranges. Pigs are susceptible to prions from different origins, including deer chronic wasting disease (CWD), sheep scrapie, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). Here, we studied prions in brains and muscles from pigs previously infected with these different prion sources. Specifically, we measured the total prion protein (PrP) and PK-resistant PrP by western blot. Seeding activity in these tissues was evaluated using the protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) …

The Role Of Ceramides As Biomarkers And Therapeutic Targets For Cardiometabolic Disease And Its Intersection With Cellular Aging, Youssef Moustafa Shalaby

Thesis/ Dissertation Defenses

Ceramides (Cer), a subclass of sphingolipids with potent bioactive properties, have gained recognition as key players in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). They modulate critical cellular functions such as apoptosis, inflammation, insulin signaling, and oxidative stress. This dissertation explores the dual role of Cer as both early diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, bridging clinical insights with mechanistic understanding through a combination of human and experimental studies.

A highly sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to quantify intracellular levels of specific Cer species, including CerC16:0, CerC18:0, CerC22:0, CerC24:0, and CerC24:1. This method was translated into …

Evaluating The Impact Of Zoa Energy Drink On Muscular Strength, Psychomotor Vigilance, And Mood In Active Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Jose J. Rojas, Jason M. Curtis, Flavia F. Pereira, Cassandra Evans, Kaelan Jones, Alyana Andal, Juan Carlos Santana, Hena Thakkar, Jose Antonio

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

This study evaluates the effects of ZOA Energy Drink, a commercially available energy beverage, on muscular strength, sustained attention, and mood in exercise-trained individuals. Using a randomized, blinded, two-arm design, 24 participants (15 males, 9 females; age = 31.8 ± 8.4 years) were assigned to consume either ZOA Energy Drink or a caffeine-matched placebo. The primary outcomes included psychomotor vigilance (PVT), mood state (POMS), handgrip strength, and push-up performance. Baseline body composition was also assessed using bioelectrical impedance.

Results revealed no statistically significant differences between the ZOA and the caffeine matched control groups in psychomotor vigilance (p = 0.155), mood …

Community Engagement Studios To Improve Racial Diversity And Health Equity In Parkinson's, Eunyoung Kang, Dominique Woodhouse, Kandace Davis, Jane Q Yap, Peter S Myers, Meghan C Campbell, Yvonne D Hughes, Joyce E Balls-Berry, Erin R Foster

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Black or African Americans (AA) with Parkinson's disease (PD) are underrepresented in both care and research and experience significant health disparities. The existing literature provides limited guidance on how to enhance the engagement of AA individuals in PD care and research, particularly from the perspectives of AA patients, care partners, and healthcare providers. This project aimed to (1) describe the use of Community Engagement (CE) Studios as a community-engaged research approach to inform culturally appropriate and inclusive research and (2) examine factors influencing AA engagement in PD-related activities.

METHODS: We conducted three CE Studios: one with AA with PD …

Dissecting The Effect Of Mitochondrial Bcat Inhibition In Methylmalonic Acidemia, Madeline G Hemmingsen, Guo-Fang Zhang, Yunhan Ma, Hannah Marchuk, Kalyani R Patel, Tong Chen, Xinning Li, Mark Chapman, Sabrina Collias, Dolores H Lopez-Terrada, James Beasley, Ashlee R Stiles, Randy J Chandler, Charles P Venditti, Sarah P Young, Mercedes Barzi, Beatrice Bissig-Choisat, Doug Krafte, Christopher B Newgard, Karl-Dimiter Bissig

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is a severe metabolic disorder affecting multiple organs because of a distal block in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism. Standard of care is limited to protein restriction and supportive care during metabolic decompensation. Severe cases require liver/kidney transplantation, and there is a clear need for better therapy. Here, we investigated the effects of a small molecule branched-chain amino acid transaminase (BCAT) inhibitor in human MMA hepatocytes and an MMA mouse model. Mitochondrial BCAT is the first step in BCAA catabolism, and reduction of flux through an early enzymatic step is successfully used in other amino acid metabolic …

Minimum Standards For Training In Colorectal Endoscopic Mucosal Resection Among Advanced Endoscopy Trainees, Dennis Yang, Ernesto Robalino Gonzaga, Muhammad Khalid Hasan, Arvind Julius Trindade, Mark Radlinski, Rebecca A Burbridge, Jeffrey Mosko, Pushpak Taunk, Salmaan Jawaid, Mohamed O Othman, David L Diehl, Harshit S Khara, Quin Liu, Srinivas Gaddam, Harry Aslanian, Shailendra S Chauhan, Amrita Sethi, John Poneros, Jason Samarasena, Ali M Ahmed, Uzma D Siddiqui, Dennis Chen, Moamen Gabr, Andrew Y Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and study aims: Data on colorectal endoscopic mucosal resection (C-EMR) training during advanced endoscopy fellowship remain limited. We aimed to determine the number of procedures required by an "average" advanced endoscopy trainee (AET) to achieve competence in cognitive and technical C-EMR skills.

Methods: AETs from advanced endoscopy training programs (AETPs) were graded on every C-EMR using a standardized assessment tool. Cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis was used to generate individual and aggregate learning curves to estimate the minimum number of cases required to achieve competence for overall, technical, and cognitive components of C-EMR. AETs completed a self-assessment questionnaire on C-EMR …

Predicting Weaning Failure From Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: The Promise And Pitfalls Of Clinical Prediction Scores, Maneesh Gaddam, Dedeepya Gullapalli, Zayaan A Adrish, Arnav Y Reddy, Muhammad Adrish

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Prediction of weaning success from invasive mechanical ventilation remains a challenge in everyday clinical practice. Several prediction scores have been developed to guide success during spontaneous breathing trials to help with weaning decisions. These scores aim to provide a structured framework to support clinical judgment. However, their effectiveness varies across patient populations, and their predictive accuracy remains inconsistent. In this review, we aim to identify the strengths and limitations of commonly used clinical prediction tools in assessing readiness for ventilator liberation. While scores such as the Rapid Shallow Breathing Index and the Integrative Weaning Index are widely adopted, their sensitivity …

Intouch Week Of September 8, 2025, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Ribbon-Cutting Marks Official Opening of Converted Instrument Shop Classroom
• NYMC Goes Gold for Childhood Cancer Awareness Month
• Great Things are Happening on Campus
• Dana Mordue, Ph.D., Leads Future Scientists in the Fight Against Tick-Borne Diseases
• CDM Designated as NYS CTLE Sponsor for Educator Training
• Accelerated iBMS Program Paves the Way to Medicine
• NYMC Alpha Omega Alpha Chapter Receives Grant to Combat Food Insecurity
• NYMC Club Fair 2025 Ignites Campus with Community Spirit
• TCDM Educates on Oral Health Care at Tarrytown Back to School Bash
• In the Community-NYMC Students Create No-Sew Blankets for Ronald McDonald House

Sex-Specific Associations Between Early Life Unpredictability And Trajectories Of Body Mass Index From Infancy To Adolescence, Emily M. Melnick, Lilybelle K. Deer, Jenalee R. Doom, Hal S. Stern, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn, Elysia P. Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective:

Unpredictability in early life is an understudied aspect of early life adversity that provides important signals to the child about their environment. Recent work shows the predictability of patterns of parental signals on a moment-to-moment timescale sculpts the developing brain during sensitive windows, offering a potential pathway through which early life experiences shape child development. Both experimental non-human animal models and observational human research show sex-specific links between early life exposure to unpredictable patterns of parental sensory signals and aberrant offspring development. The impact of predictability of sensory signals on physical health outcomes, such as BMI, remains unknown. Here …

Defining Breast Epithelial Cell Types In The Single-Cell Era, G Kenneth Gray, Eric G Carlson, Tatyana Lev, Bailey Marshall, Austin D Reed, Alex P Sánchez-Covarrubias, Alecia-Jane Twigger, Aleix Puig-Barbe, Aatish Thennavan, Ayodele Omotoso, Lyndsay M Murrow, Deeptiman Chatterjee, Siyuan He, Sara Pensa, Brian Aevermann, Norbert K Tavares, Natalie Chen, Jason A Hilton, Kerrigan Blake, Yunlong Liu, Kiet Phong, Zev J Gartner, Devon A Lawson, Alexander Swarbrick, Camila O Dos Santos, Sophia H L George, Joan S Brugge, Mark A Labarge, Harikrishna Nakshatri, Nicholas Navin, Kai Kessenbrock, Walid T Khaled

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Single-cell studies on breast tissue have contributed to a change in our understanding of breast epithelial diversity that has, in turn, precipitated a lack of consensus on breast cell types. The confusion surrounding this issue highlights a possible challenge for advancing breast atlas efforts. In this perspective, we present our consensus on the identities, properties, and naming conventions for breast epithelial cell types and propose goals for future atlas endeavors. Our proposals and their underlying thought processes aim to catalyze the adoption of a shared model for this tissue and to serve as guidance for other investigators facing similar challenges.

Intestinal Microbiome Changes In Response To Amino Acid And Micronutrient Supplementation: Secondary Analysis Of The Amaze Trial, Monica N Mweetwa, Kazi Ahsan, John Louis-Auguste, Ellen Besa, Joram M Posma, Nathan Mcnulty, Micheal J Barrat, Jeff Gordon, Paul Kelly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Microbial dysbiosis has been linked to environmental enteropathy (EE) and alterations in nutrient absorption; however, compositional modifications following exposure to supplementary nutrients are poorly understood. Here, we report the effect of amino acid and micronutrient supplementation on the gut microbiome of adults with EE. In the AMAZE trial, adults with EE were randomized to amino acids (AA) and/or micronutrients (MM) for 16 weeks in a 2 × 2 factorial design against placebo. Endoscopy was performed before and after intervention, during which duodenal aspirates were collected as well as fecal samples. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was performed on both these samples, …

Evidence-Based Best Practices For Diabetes Education And Self-Care In Appalachia: A Literature Review, Angela J. Occidental, Inga M. Zadvinskis, Jacqueline Hoying

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: The Appalachian Region has a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated adverse health outcomes. Although numerous papers report best practices for diabetes care and education, a clinician-friendly, synthesized summary of best practices tailored to Appalachian cultural preferences is lacking.

Purpose: This paper uses the Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt evidence-based framework to identify the best practices for T2DM care and education for Appalachian residents.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search using the databases CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and PubMed was guided by a PICOT question. Quality appraisals were completed for fifty-two articles; thirty papers were selected to synthesize …

Radon Environmental Health Literacy Among Health Council Participants In Northeast Tennessee, Kawther Al Ksir, Stacy Stanifer, Hadii M. Mamudu, Megan Quinn, Deborah L. Slawson

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Radon, a radioactive gas, poses significant health risks, including lung cancer, and is prevalent in indoor environments. Understanding radon testing behavior and Environmental Health Literacy (EHL) is crucial for individuals to take appropriate preventive measures.

Purpose: This study assessed radon-related EHL among Health Council participants in seven Northeast Tennessee (NETN) counties and examined associations between sociodemographic factors and EHL levels. Understanding radon knowledge and behaviors within this influential group is critical, as they often serve as trusted public health advocates.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September – November 2023 among Health Council participants across seven counties in …