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Characterization Of The Vasoactivity Of Tachykinins In Isolated Rat Kidney: Functional Studies And In Vitro Receptor Autoradiography, Yuejin Chen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although tachykinins have potent vascular actions, their effect on renal resistance blood vessels is currently unknown. The vasoactive properties of tachykinins and related analogs were assessed in isolated perfused rat kidney. At a basal perfusion pressure (PP) of 75 $\pm$ 6 mm Hg (n = 5), bolus injections of substance P (SP) had no significant vasoactive effect. Following a sustained increase in baseline PP (134 $\pm$ 10 mm Hg) produced by phenylephrine (1 $\mu$M), SP evoked a dose-dependent increase in PP. The largest dose of SP increased PP by 60 $\pm$ 5 mm Hg. The vasoconstrictor response to SP was …

Functional Analysis Of Human Alpha 1(I) Procollagen Gene Promoter. Differential Activity In Collagen-Producing And -Nonproducing Cells And Response To Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1., Sergio A. Jimenez, John A. Varga, Anne Olsen, Liye Li, Arturo Diaz, Janet Herhal, Julie Koch

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

To gain a further understanding of the regulation of human type I collagen gene expression under physiologic and pathologic conditions, we characterized 5.3 kilobase pairs (kb) of the human alpha 1(I) procollagen gene promoter. A series of deletion constructs containing portions of the alpha 1(I) procollagen 5'-flanking region (with end points from -5.3 kb to -84 base pairs (bp)) ligated to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene were transiently transfected into NIH/3T3 cells. Maximal CAT activity was observed with constructs having 5' end points from -804 to -174 bp. A further 5' deletion to -84 bp caused a marked reduction …

Ua66/14/4 Kentucky Partnership Newsletter, Vol. Ii, No. 2, Kentucky Partnership For Farm Family Health & Safety

University Organizations

Newsletter created by and about the Kentucky Partnership for Farm Family Health & Safety.

Preimplantation Development Of In Vitro-Matured And In Vitro-Fertilized Ovine Zygotes: Comparison Between Coculture On Oviduct Epithelial Cell Monolayers And Culture Under Low Oxygen Atmosphere., A J Watson, P H Watson, D Warnes, S K Walker, D T Armstrong, R F Seamark

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

The roles of medium composition, serum source, embryo coculture, and culture under low O2 conditions on the development of in vitro-matured and in vitro-fertilized (IVMF) ovine zygotes were investigated in three separate experiments. In the first experiment, the proportion of cocultured IVMF zygotes developing to the blastocyst stage was significantly higher (38.0% vs. 3.5%; p < 0.05) than that of non-cocultured zygotes treated within three embryo culture media (TCM-199 + 10% fetal bovine serum [FBS]; bicarbonate-buffered, glucose-free synthetic oviduct fluid medium [mod-SOFM] + 10% FBS; and bicarbonate-buffered BSA-free Tyrode's salt solution [mod-TALP] + 10% FBS) under a 5% CO2 atmosphere in air. In a second experiment, a significantly higher (p < 0.05) proportion of cocultured zygotes placed in TCM-199 medium survived to the blastocyst stage (37.4% blastocysts vs. 23.4% in mod-SOFM). No significant effect of serum (FBS vs. human serum [HS]) was observed on embryonic development, but coculture was confirmed to exert a significant influence on development to the blastocyst stage. In the final experiment, survival of the embryo under a reduced oxygen (5% CO2:5% O2:90% N2) atmosphere was investigated. In contrast to results in the initial experiments, embryonic survival was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the non-cocultured treatment groups (21.9% blastocysts vs. 0.4% for cocultured zygotes). Serum source also had a significant (p < 0.05) influence upon the development of non-cocultured zygotes: 32.3% of zygotes cultured with HS progressed to the blastocyst stage vs. 11.5% of zygotes cultured in FBS-supplemented medium. These results have characterized two distinct culture environments, each capable of supporting the development of high frequencies of unselected IVMF zygotes to the blastocyst stage in vitro.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Spring 1994), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Spring 1994 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• President's Perspective: The Osteopathic Education Model
• Health Care Reform: PCOM Retools For The Big Picture
• Changing the Face of Medical Education
• Other Views on Health Care Reform
• Doctor’s Visit Minus Fear = Happy Children
• Founders Day Honorees: A'weekend in the Spotlight
• Clinical Learning Lab Gets Rave Reviews
• Faculty Profile
• Rugby Madness
• Just Published
• Class Acts
• Obituaries
• Coming Events

The Chironian Vol. 111 Spring 1994, New York Medical College

The Chironian

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Education Program On Knowledge, Attitudes And Sexual Behavior Of Selected College Students, Arlene Jaine Jackson Montgomery

Health Services Research Dissertations

The problem studied in this investigation was whether a behaviorally focused Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Program affects the knowledge, sexual attitudes and sexual behavior of college students.

Three hundred and six first-and third-year college students were included in the study from one university located in Southeastern Virginia. The sample was predominately female, African-American and mainly between the ages of 16-22 years of age.

Freshmen students were presently enrolled in the institution's HIV/AIDS education program, which was a part of a required course. The class sessions consisted of a pretest prior to student's completing the reading assignment …

Newsletter: The Center For Professional Ethics, Spring 1994, Case Western Reserve University

Center for Professional Ethics

Table of Contents:

• Director's Corner by Robert P. Lawry
• Ethics Day 1995: Ethics and Computers by Pete Simmelink, Jerod Tufte and Sam Harmon
• Doing Ethics! "House for Sale"
• Comments on "Benevolence"
• First Comment by Marty Krist
• Second Comment by Rev. John L. Brown
• News & Notes

A Physical Map Of The Klebsiella Pneumoniae M5a1 Genome, Alexandrine Randriamahefa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an enteric opportunistic pathogen which commonly causes pulmonary, urinary tract and kidney infections. It has also been widely used for the study of nitrogen fixation. In this study, a macrorestriction map of K. pneumoniae M5a1 chromosomal DNA was constructed using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Southern hybridization techniques. The genome DNA was digested with two rare cutting restriction enzymes (XbaI and BlnI) and the genome size was estimated from the sum of the fragment sizes as 5,121 Kb (+2.8%). A tentative order of fragments was deduced using Southern hybridization with purified restriction fragments. …

Identification And Characterization Of A Human Herpesvirus 6 Gene Segment Capable Of Transactivating The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat In An Spl Binding Site-Dependent Manner, Jinhai Wang, Clinton J. Jones, Michael Norcross, Ernst Bohnlein, Abdur Razzaque

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) long terminal repeat (LTR) is transactivated by various extracellular signals and viral cofactors that include human herpesviruses. These transactivators are capable of transactivating the HIV-1 LTR through the transactivation response element, NF-KB, or other regulatory binding elements. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a potential cofactor of HIV-1. Here, we report that an HHV-6 gene segment, ZVH14, which can neoplastically transform NIH 3T3 and human keratinocytes, is capable of transactivating HIV-1 LTR chloramphenicol acetyltransferase constructs in an Spl binding site-dependent manner. Transactivation increased synergistically in the presence of multiple Spl sites and was dramatically …

What's Happening: February 9, 1994, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Separate Metabolic Pathways Leading To Dna Fragmentation And Apoptotic Nuclear Chromatin Condensation, D. Sun, Shibo Jiang, Li-Mou Zheng, David M. Ojcius, John Ding-E. Young

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Apoptosis is the predominant form of cell death observed in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions such as cancer involution, insect metamorphosis, the development of the immune and nervous systems, and embryogenesis. The typical nuclear changes taking place in apoptotic cells include extensive condensation of chromatin and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation into units of 200 base pairs. However, the mechanisms responsible for both chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation have yet to be elucidated. In this study, micrococcal nuclease and the divalent cations, Ca2+ and Mg2+, were applied to isolated nuclei in an attempt to reconstitute in vitro the digestion of …

Quantitative Economic Evaluations Of Hiv-Related Prevention And Treatment Services: A Review, David R. Holtgrave, Ronald O. Valdiserri, Gary A. West

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Holtgrave and colleagues at the CDC set forth an extensive taxonomy of HIV prevention and treatment services and review reports of efforts to subject some of those services to formal economic evaluation. They find few services thus far to have been so evaluated, no evaluation to have focused solely upon behavioral outcomes and most economic evaluations to lack formal quantitative analyses.

Coping With The Risk Of Cancer In Children Living Near Power Lines, Eileen N. Abt

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Ms. Abt briefly summarizes evidence linking power lines with a possible increase in risk of childhood cancer. She also recounts how, although many experts remain skeptical of causality, public fears, whether or not warranted, have themselves created serious problems. Finally, she proposes ways to address those problems.

Articulations 1994, Som School Of Osteopathic Medicine, Umdnj University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of Nj

Yearbooks

University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ) School of Osteopathic Medicine yearbook for the class of 1994. 120 pages.

Contents: Osteopathic Oath p.1, UMDNJ-SOM Campus p. 2, University Affiliated Medical Centers p. 4, Faculty and Administration p. 5, A Look Back p. 17, Seniors p. 21, Graduation p. 99, Patrons p. 104, Directory p. 111.

Ada News Daily - 1994 Day 1, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Control Of Cationic Amino Acid Transport And Retroviral Receptor Functions In A Membrane Protein Family, Michael Kavanaugh, Hao Wang, Zheng Zhang, Weibin Zhang, Yan-Na Wu, Esther Dechant, R. Alan North, David Kabat

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

A partial cDNA sequence indicated that the T lymphocyte early-activation gene (Tea) encodes a protein related to the dual-function ecotropic retrovirus receptor/cationic amino acid transporter (ecoR/CAT1), and RNA blots suggested highest Tea expression in T lymphocytes and liver (MacLeod, C.L., Finley, K., Kakuda, D. Kozad, C.A., and Wilkinson, M.F. (1990) Mol. Cell. Biol. 7, 3663-3674). The sequence of full-length Tea cDNA from liver (3683 bases) predicts a 657-amino-acid protein (CAT2 alpha) with 12-14 transmembrane domains. A long (515 base) region with six initiation codons and termination codons precedes the translation start codon. The liver Tea cDNA is identical to Tea …

Functional Comparisons Of Three Glutamate Transporter Subtypes Cloned From Human Motor Cortex, Jeffrey L. Arriza, Wendy A. Fairman, Jacques I. Wadiche, Geoffrey H. Murdoch, Michael Kavanaugh, Susan G. Amara

Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Reuptake plays an important role in regulating synaptic and extracellular concentrations of glutamate. Three glutamate transporters expressed in human motor cortex, termed EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 (for excitatory amino acid transporter), have been characterized by their molecular cloning and functional expression. Each EAAT subtype mRNA was found in all human brain regions analyzed. The most prominent regional variation in message content was in cerebellum where EAAT1 expression predominated. EAAT1 and EAAT3 mRNAs were also expressed in various non- nervous tissues, whereas expression of EAAT2 was largely restricted to brain. The kinetic parameters and pharmacological characteristics of transport mediated by each …

A Case Study Of Health Risk Communication: What The Public Wants And What It Gets, Jeannette M. Trauth

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Trauth presents a content analysis of 40 years of coverage of a major local source of air pollution by a Pittsburgh newspaper. She also summarizes the results of a survey conducted to determine the extent to which citizens of most likely affected communities, e.g., understand health risks and desire further information.

College Of Optometry Student Handbook, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Conditions For Cloning Cdna From Chicken Brain, Stephen Clark

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Acoustic over stimulation can lead to hair cell loss in the auditory epithelium. Hair cell loss or damage in mammals often results in decreased auditory sensitivity which is irreversible. However for birds, hair cells which are damaged by acoustic trauma or ototoxic drugs may be replaced by regeneration. As the first step in determining the molecular mechanisms of hair cell regeneration, gene expression techniques including cDNA synthesis and cloning were attempted first with the chicken brain. The initial attempts at making cDNA libraries were elusive; therefore, experiments were performed to identify problems and enhance the efficiency of specific steps. These …

Ada News Daily - 1994 Day 4, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

N-Ethylmaleimide Treatment Of Low K Sheep Red-Blood-Cells At Different Temperatures Reveals Role Of Thiols And Mg For Activation And Inactivation Of K-Cl Cotransport, Peter K. Lauf, R. Moezzi, Norma C. Adragna

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Uwomj Volume 64, Number 1, Winter 1994, Western University

University of Western Ontario Medical Journal

Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry

Platelet Activating Factor Synthesis And Metabolism In Intestinal Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury, M. J. Mangino, M. Murphy, A. Bohrer, J. Turk

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Responding To Sexual Discrimination: The Effects Of Societal Versus Self-Blame, Mindi D. Foster, Kimberley Matheson, Megan Poole

Psychology Faculty Publications

While self-blame has been considered to be a useful coping tool for victims, its benefits within the context of group discrimination are equivocal. The present research hypothesized that women encouraged to engage in self-blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to endorse accepting their situation or endorse the use of individual, normative actions. In contrast, women encouraged to engage in societal blame for sex discrimination would be more likely to participate in non-normative actions aimed at enhancing the status of the group as a whole. Female students in Canada were subjected to a situation of discrimination and were encouraged …

Inactivation Of Hit Cell Ca2+ Current By A Simulated Burst Of Ca2+ Action Potentials, L. S. Satin, S. J. Tavalin, P. D. Smolen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Publications

ABSTRACT A novel voltage-clamp protocol was developed to test whether slow inactivation of Ca2+ current occurs during bursting in insulin-secreting cells. Single insulin-secreting HIT cells were patch-clamped and their Ca2+ currents were isolated pharmacologically. A computed ,3-cell burst was used as a voltage-clamp command and the net Ca2+ current elicited was determined as a cadmium difference current. Ca2+ current rapidly activated during the computed plateau and spike depolarizations and then slowly decayed. Integration of this Ca2+ current yielded an estimate of total Ca influx. To further analyze Ca2+ current inactivation during a burst, repetitive test pulses to + 10 mV …

A Novel Protein, Csg2p, Is Required For Ca2+ Regulation In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Troy Beeler, Kenneth Gable, Chun Zhao, Teresa Dunn

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Nineteen mutants that lost the ability to grow in 100 mM Ca²⁺ (but remained insensitive to 50 mM Sr²⁺) were identified in a screen of approximately 60,000 mutagenized yeast colonies. Cells carrying mutations in the CSG2 gene grow normally in low Ca²⁺ medium but have decreased growth rates when the Ca²⁺ concentration is above 10 mM. The csg2 mutant cells accumulate much higher levels of Ca²⁺ in a compartment that is exchangeable with extracellular Ca²⁺ but the nonexchangeable Ca²⁺ pool which predominates in wild-type cells is not influenced. Sr²⁺ influx is …

Regulation Of Cellular Ca2+ By Yeast Vacuoles, Teresa Dunn, Kenneth Gable, Troy Beeler

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The role of vacuolar Ca²⁺ transport systems in regulating cellular Ca²⁺ was investigated by measuring the vacuolar Ca²⁺ transport rate, the free energy available to drive vacuolar Ca²⁺ transport, the ability of the vacuole to buffer lumenal Ca²⁺, and the vacuolar Ca²⁺ efflux rate. The magnitude of the Ca²⁺ gradient generated by the vacuolar H⁺gradient best supports a 1 Ca²⁺:2 H⁺ coupling ratio for the vacuolar Ca²⁺/H⁺ exchanger. This coupling ratio along with a cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration of 125 nM would give a …

Mental Health Nurses Attitudes To Hiv And Aids: A Short Report, David Arthur, T Mccann, K. Usher, A Williams

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.