Digital Commons Network^™

A Day In The Life Of Pubmed: Analysis Of A Typical Day's Query Log

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To characterize PubMed usage over a typical day and compare it to previous studies of user behavior on Web search engines. DESIGN: We performed a lexical and semantic analysis of 2,689,166 queries issued on PubMed over 24 consecutive hours on a typical day. MEASUREMENTS: We measured the number of queries, number of distinct users, queries per user, terms per query, common terms, Boolean operator use, common phrases, result set size, MeSH categories, used semantic measurements to group queries into sessions, and studied the addition and removal of terms from consecutive queries to gauge search strategies. RESULTS: The size of …

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: March 2007, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2007

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from March 5 and 19, 2007.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Lsuhsc Facilities Daily Update: March 2007, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates: 2007

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates from March 2007.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Imaging Of Pulmonary Embolism And T-Pa Therapy Effects Using Mdct And Liposomal Iohexol Blood Pool Agent: Preliminary Results In A Rabbit Model, Ketan B Ghaghada, Jered Sieren, Edwin J R Van Beek

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Polyethylene glycol-coated liposomal blood pool contrast agents maintain contrast enhancement over several hours. This study aimed to evaluate (long-term) imaging of pulmonary arteries, comparing conventional iodinated contrast with a liposomal blood pool contrast agent. Also, visualization of the (real-time) therapeutic effects of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) on pulmonary embolism (PE) was attempted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six rabbits (weight approximately 4 kg) had autologous blood clots injected through the superior vena cava. Imaging was performed using conventional contrast (iohexol, 350 mg I/ml; GE HealthCare, Princeton, NJ) at a dose of 1400 mg I per animal, and after wash-out, …

Assessing The Unreliability Of The Medical Literature: A Response To "Why Most Published Research Findings Are False", Steven Goodman, Sander Greenland

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

A recent article in this journal (Ioannidis JP (2005) Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Med 2: e124) argued that more than half of published research findings in the medical literature are false. In this commentary, we examine the structure of that argument, and show that it has three basic components:

1)An assumption that the prior probability of most hypotheses explored in medical research is below 50%.

2)Dichotomization of P-values at the 0.05 level and introduction of a “bias” factor (produced by significance-seeking), the combination of which severely weakens the evidence provided by every design.

3)Use of Bayes …

Retroviral Vector And Cell-Based Assay For Measuring The Mutation Rate Of Retroviruses Employing Same, Dawn P. Wooley, Kelly Jo Huang

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

Lentiviral-based retrovirus vectors and an in vivo mutation rate assay employing them. More particularly, an assay for directly determining the in vivo mutation rate of HIV-1.

Power Boosting In Genome-Wide Studies Via Methods For Multivariate Outcomes, Mary J. Emond

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Whole-genome studies are becoming a mainstay of biomedical research. Examples include expression array experiments, comparative genomic hybridization analyses and large case-control studies for detecting polymorphism/disease associations. The tactic of applying a regression model to every locus to obtain test statistics is useful in such studies. However, this approach ignores potential correlation structure in the data that could be used to gain power, particularly when a Bonferroni correction is applied to adjust for multiple testing. In this article, we propose using regression techniques for misspecified multivariate outcomes to increase statistical power over independence-based modeling at each locus. Even when the outcome …

Is Gene Therapy A Good Therapeutic Approach For Hiv-Positive Patients?, Jai G. Marathe, Dawn P. Wooley

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

Despite advances and options available in gene therapy for HIV-1 infection, its application in the clinical setting has been challenging. Although published data from HIV-1 clinical trials show safety and proof of principle for gene therapy, positive clinical outcomes for infected patients have yet to be demonstrated. The cause for this slow progress may arise from the fact that HIV is a complex multi-organ system infection. There is uncertainty regarding the types of cells to target by gene therapy and there are issues regarding insufficient transduction of cells and long-term expression. This paper discusses state-of-the-art molecular approaches against HIV-1 and …

Teenage Pregnancy: Impact Of The Integral Attention Given To The Pregnant Teenager And Adolescent Mother As A Protective Factor For Repeat Pregnancy, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, Kepler Alencar Mendes Carvalho, Amanda Melhado, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the integral attention to the health of pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, having follow-up from the Integral Support Program for the Pregnant Teen (ISPPT), with the intention to determine quality of life and prevent repeat pregnancy. A prospective study comprised 85 adolescents attended by the ISPPT between January 2002 and June 2006 who participated in meetings during pregnancy with a multidisciplinary team that provided orientation concerning family planning, self-esteem, pregnancy prevention, motivation to continue education and/or work, and evaluate the postpartum mother-child relationship. The following were analyzed: education level, …

Prevention Of Angiotensin Ii-Induced Cardiac Remodeling By Angiotensin-(1-7), Justin L. Grobe, Adam P. Mecca, Melissa Lingis, Vinayak Shenoy, Tonya A. Bolton, Juline M. Machado, Robert C. Speth, Mohan K. Raizada, Michael J. Katovich

HPD Articles

Cardiac remodeling, which typically results from chronic hypertension or following an acute myocardial infarction, is a major risk factor for the development of heart failure and, ultimately, death. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has previously been established to play an important role in the progression of cardiac remodeling, and inhibition of a hyperactive RAS provides protection from cardiac remodeling and subsequent heart failure. Our previous studies have demonstrated that overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) prevents cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy during chronic infusion of angiotensin II (ANG II). This, coupled with the knowledge that ACE2 is a key enzyme in the …

Inside Unlv, Diane Russell, Shane Bevell, David Ashley, Lori Bachand, Grace Russell, Mamie Peers

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Lsuhsc Facilities Biweekly Update: February 2007, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates: 2007

LSUHSC Facilities Biweekly Updates from February 2 and 22, 2006.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Lsuhsc Facilities Daily Update: February 2007, Lsuhsc Property And Facilities Management

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates: 2007

LSUHSC Facilities Daily Updates from February 2007.

These updates describe damage and a timeline of repairs at the LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans campus due to Hurricane Katrina which made landfall August 29, 2005.

Forecasting The Global Burden Of Alzheimer's Disease, Ron Brookmeyer, Elizabeth Johnson, Kathryn Ziegler-Graham, H. Michael Arrighi

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Background: The goal was to forecast the global burden of Alzheimer’s disease and evaluate the potential impact of interventions that delay disease onset or progression. Methods: A stochastic multi-state model was used in conjunction with U.N. worldwide population forecasts and data from epidemiological studies on risks of Alzheimer’s disease.

Findings: In 2006 the worldwide prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease was 26.6 million. By 2050, prevalence will quadruple by which time 1 in 85 persons worldwide will be living with the disease. We estimate about 43% of prevalent cases need a high level of care equivalent to that of a nursing home. …

Estimating The Empirical Lorenz Curve And Gini Coefficient In The Presence Of Error, Chaya S. Moskowitz, E. S. Venkatraman, Elyn Riedel, Colin B. Begg

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dept. of Epidemiology & Biostatistics Working Paper Series

The Lorenz curve is a graphical tool that is widely used to characterize the concentration of a measure in a population, such as wealth. It is frequently the case that the measure of interest used to rank experimental units when estimating the empirical Lorenz curve, and the corresponding Gini coefficient, is subject to random error. This error can result in an incorrect ranking of experimental units which inevitably leads to a curve that exaggerates the degree of concentration (variation) in the population. We explore this bias and discuss several widely available statistical methods that have the potential to reduce or …

Intellectual Property Management In Health And Agricultural Innovation: A Handbook Of Best Practices, Vol. 2, Anatole Krattiger, Richard T. Mahoney, Lita Nelsen, Jennifer A. Thomson, Alan B. Bennett, Kanikaram Satyanarayana, Gregory D. Graff, Carlos Fernandez, Stanley Kowalski

Law Faculty Scholarship

Prepared by and for policy-makers, leaders of public sector research establishments, technology transfer professionals, licensing executives, and scientists, this online resource offers up-to-date information and strategies for utilizing the power of both intellectual property and the public domain. Emphasis is placed on advancing innovation in health and agriculture, though many of the principles outlined here are broadly applicable across technology fields. Eschewing ideological debates and general proclamations, the authors always keep their eye on the practical side of IP management. The site is based on a comprehensive Handbook and Executive Guide that provide substantive discussions and analysis of the opportunities …

Nursing Theory And Knowledge Development: A Descriptive Review Of Doctoral Dissertations, 2000–2004, Hila Spear

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Within the profession of nursing, nursing theory, conceptual models, and knowledge development continue to be points of discussion and debate. Some suggest that nursing research must either test or develop nursing theory, whereas others believe that research germane to practice can legitimately incorporate what is commonly referred to as borrowed theory. This descriptive analysis of nursing doctoral dissertations (N = 207) conducted from 2000 to 2004 focused primarily on the inclusion or exclusion of nursing theories. Almost half (45.4%) of the dissertations studied theories from fields other than nursing, 27.1% of the researchers studied nursing theories, and 27.5% of the …

Practice Effects On Test-Takers’ Performance And Quality Of Cognitive Domains Should Be Part Of Every Pilot Assessment. Investigation Of The Mechanisms Of Practice Effects Ability Tests In Pilot Selection: A Spatial Ability Test As An Example, Frank Albers, Stefan Hoeft

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

This study deals with the problem of retaking identical or parallel mental ability tests. This can lead to difficulties in the assessment for prestigious jobs like pilot or ab initio pilot candidate positions, where test preparation is common and a large training industry has been established. We investigated practice effects on test-takers’ performance and reliability as well as validity of a spatial ability task. The task was administered ten times, five minutes each, in a sample of 156 ab initio pilot applicants. A performance plateau was reached after the fifth trial, reliability and validity were not affected negatively, they even …

Modeling The Human Operator, Part Ii: Emulating Controller Intervention, Scott Bolland, Andrew Neal, Selina Fothergill, Michael Humphreys, Peter Lindsay

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Air traffic control workload prediction algorithms require a trajectory modeler to assess the flow of traffic through the sector. An accurate model of controller intervention is required to predict these trajectories. This paper overviews such a project aimed at emulating important controller actions in the Australian airspace.

A Latent Growth Model Of Pilots’ Decision Making While Facing Potential Weather Threats, Ernesto A. Bustamante, Elizabeth T. Newlin, James P. Bliss

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

It is critical that pilots make appropriate flight path deviation decisions when faced with threats of inclement weather. This research demonstrates a latent growth model of pilots’ confidence in flight path deviation decisions when faced with potential weather threats. Twenty-four commercial airline pilots encountered 6 weather threats during a simulated flight from New York, NY to Miami, FL. Pilots made deviation decisions at 4 distance points from each potential weather threat. Results from the latent growth model (LGM) of pilots’ distance confidence as a function of the distance to the potential weather threat showed a statistically significant growth in confidence …

Aviation Psychology Research - Extending Scientific Method To Incorporate Value And Application, Glen Gallaway

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Showing value (i.e., useful, needed, solves a problem, adds to knowledge) in the research process and its products is intended to enhance the quality of psychological research. The additional research information (META Data - The information that describes and clarifies other data) will enhance the design of the research project and will aid research customers determine the value of research results and provide guidance in its application. The intent is to support and complement the Scientific Method and its associated rules of implementation, while providing clear and easily used value and applications data.

Developing Job Specific And General Training Content And Assessments, Justin M. Devoge, Ellen J. Bass

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Organizations, particularly airlines, would benefit from training programs that are reusable across multiple occupational contexts. We have developed a framework incorporating the notions of identical elements and general principles for designing job specific and reusable training content and assessments. We developed training programs based on the framework and empirically evaluated how it addresses training needs. Results of the study suggest that the identical elements design is beneficial in specific training contexts, while a combination of the identical elements and general principles designs may support reusability.

Pert Networks As A Method For Analyzing The Visual Scanning Strategies Of Aircraft Pilots, Francesco Di Nocera, Robert S. Bolia

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

In a Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) network, no process can begin executing until all processes that immediately precede it have completed their activity. PERT networks have been used in psychology to investigate the structure of cognitive processes, and may be applied also to the analysis of eye-movements in order to gather detailed information on the processes underlying the ocular activity. This may be particularly useful to understand phenomena for which specific hypothesis have been made. The primary aim of this paper is to show the potential of this approach as a visualization technique, and to devise a research …

A Worldwide Review Of Selection For Air Traffic Control Personnel, Raymond E. King, Carol A. Manning, David J. Schroeder, Thomas R. Carretta, Hermann Rathje, Ronald Myhr

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Air traffic control is a highly technical occupation that requires emotional stability, considerable aptitude, and lengthy training. Identifying those individuals with the greatest potential to capitalize on training is a major interest of air traffic organizations around the world, particularly when considering limited resources. This paper compares and contrasts several selection systems, to include their development, continuing validation, and in one case, demise. In the erstwhile, two-stage US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) selection process, applicants completed the written Office of Personnel Management (OPM) test battery and a nine-week screening program at the FAA Academy in Oklahoma City, OK. The eventual …

Using Multi-Level Analysis To Model The Sources Of Variability In Workload Within And Between Sectors, Andrew Neal, Martijn Mooij, Scott Bolland, Tania Xiao, Peter Lindsay

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Air-traffic control workload data was collected from 20 enroute radar sectors in northern Australia. Multi-level analyses were used to model the effects of traffic variables and airspace variables. The effect of aircraft count varied significantly between sectors. Aircraft count had a stronger effect on workload in sectors that typically have a larger proportion of aircraft on descent, and aircraft that are more closely spaced. Implications for the development of predictive workload metrics are discussed.

Temporal Awareness In Atc: Literature Review And A Proposed Model, Esa M. Rantanen

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Air traffic control (ATC) offers a paradigmatic example of a dynamic multi-task environment, placing both considerable and unique demands on the human controllers’ cognitive faculties. In particular, the notion of temporal awareness, which is argued here to be fundamental to both controller workload management and task performance, brings together many of the most central components of human information processing system. The temporal dimension of ATC offers thus both a rich task environment for the study of temporal awareness and the associated cognitive processes as well as affords their quantitative measurement for modeling purposes. This paper makes a case for focused …

Collocation And Pattern Recognition Effects On System Failure Remediation, Anna Trujillo, Hayes Press

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

Previous research found that operators prefer to have status, alerts, and controls located on the same screen. Unfortunately, that research was done with displays that were not designed specifically for collocation. In this experiment, twelve subjects evaluated two displays specifically designed for collocating system information against a baseline that consisted of dial status displays, a separate alert area, and a controls panel. These displays differed in the amount of collocation, pattern matching, and parameter movement compared to display size. During the data runs, subjects kept a randomly moving target centered on a display using a left-handed joystick and they scanned …

The Chicken, The Egg, The Workspace Analysis, And The Ecological Interface., M.M. (Rene) Van Paassen, Matthijs H.J. Amelink, Clark Borst, Stijn B.J. Van Dam, Max Mulder

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

The first applications of the design of operator interfaces with CognitiveWorkspace Analysis and Ecological Interface Design were in the field of power plants and process control. These applications are similar to the DURESS microworld, for which the first EID design was made. The workspace analysis for these domains can then be similar to the analysis elaborated for DURESS. At the Faculty of Aerospace Engineering of the Delft University of Technology, in several projects now EID has been applied to a different work domain, namely vehicle control. These projects have focused on, among others, conflict avoidance in aircraft and ships, terrain …

Interaction Of Glycolysis And Mitochondrial Respiration In Metabolic Oscillations Of Pancreatic Islets, Richard Bertram, Leslie S. Satin, Morten Gram Pedersen, Dan S. Luciani, Arthur Sherman

Pharmacology and Toxicology Publications

Abstract

Insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells is oscillatory, with a typical period of 2–7 min, reflecting oscillations in membrane potential and the cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration. Our central hypothesis is that the slow 2–7 min oscillations are due to glycolytic oscillations, whereas faster oscillations that are superimposed are due to Ca²⁺ feedback onto metabolism or ion channels. We extend a previous mathematical model based on this hypothesis to include a more detailed description of mitochondrial metabolism. We demonstrate that this model can account for typical oscillatory patterns of membrane potential and Ca²⁺ concentration in islets. It also …

The Effect Of High-Fidelity Manikin-Based Human Patient Simulation On Educational Outcomes In Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Courses, David L. Rodgers

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The use of high-fidelity manikin-based simulation has been studied in many healthcare education areas. However, the use of this education technology in the American Heart Association Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) course has not been well examined in the literature, despite this education program being one of the most widely taught standardized medical courses in the United States. This study examined high fidelity manikin-based simulation versus low-fidelity manikin-based simulation in the context of an actual ACLS course. Four outcomes were measured: learning outcomes as judged by an expert rater panel reviewing videos of subjects performing a simulated cardiac arrest event …