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Update - September 1997, Loma Linda University Center For Christian Bioethics

Update

In this issue:

-- Cocaine Addiction: The Nemesis of Modern Culture

Attitudes Toward Sexuality And Sexual Behaviors Of Asian-American Adolescents: Implications For Risk Of Hiv Infection, Connie S. Chan

Institute for Asian American Studies Publications

Until 1990, Asian Americans represented an ethnic minority group that was perceived to be at lower risk than African Americans or Hispanics/Latinos for HIV infection, the presumed causal agent for AIDS. Reasons cited for this perception include behavioral differences in intravenous drug use, sexual behavioral habits, and underidentification of AIDS cases. However, in urban areas such as San Francisco, Toronto, New York, Boston, Los Angeles, and Seattle, where Asians have immigrated and settled in large numbers, cases of HIV infection and AIDS have begun to increase dramatically, perhaps reflecting the rise in the number of AIDS cases in Asia. In …

Hiv Transmission Risk Behaviors Of Hiv-Positive Adolescents In Mississippi, Kristi A. Henderson

MSN Research Projects

Risk behaviors for transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus are prevalent among adolescents. One outcome of continued participation in risk behaviors is increased prevalence of HIV. Based on Fishbein and Ajzen's Theory of Reasoned Action (1975), a descriptive design was utilized to examine, the following research question: What are the HIV transmission risk behaviors of HIV-positive adolescents? The Henderson Risk Behavior Participation Survey was utilized to examine HIV transmission risk behaviors among adolescents already infected with HIV. The sample for this study was comprised of 24 adolescents age 11 to 21 years who were drawn from two infectious disease clinics …

Comparisons Of Outcomes In A Pediatric Primary Care Clinic In Patients Treated By A Physician Or A Nurse Practitioner, Ken Burnette

MSN Research Projects

Physician availability during the 2 0th century has waxed and waned. During periods of physician shortage and surplus, there have always been underserved segments of our society. Nurse practitioners (NPs) have provided care for these underserved populations. Unfortunately, 30 years after the first NPs began to practice there remain underserved populations and underutilized practitioners. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes between physicians and practitioners. The research questions are the following: Is there a difference in patient's satisfaction between care provided by a physician and a nurse practitioner? Does care differ when initiated by a physician or a …

The Beneficial Effect Of Vitamin E And Selenium During Experimental Chagas' Disease, Yue Hou

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study was conducted to determine if vitamin E and selenium could have a positive synergistic effect during experimental Chagas' disease. In the first phase of the study, 25 female C3HeB/FeJ mice were infected with a Brazil strain of Trypanosoma cruzi while receiving vitamin E supplementation of 0 IU/kg, 200 IU/kg, 400 IU/kg, 600 IU/kg, 800 IU/kg in their diets. In the second phase, 20 female C3HeB/FeJ mice were infected while receiving 400 IU/kg vitamin E plus selenium supplementation of 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 8 ppm, 16 ppm in their drinking water. The results demonstrate that vitamin E does …

Oral Health Assessment Of Renal Transplant Recipients Undergoing Immunosuppressant Therapy, Coral Diaz

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the oral health, prevalence of intraoral manifestations/infections. and periodontal disease status of renal transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy to determine their oral health needs. A purposive sample was selected via the Renal Transplant Center. Sentara Norfolk General Hospital. and Nephrology Associates of Tidewater LTD from which 22 renal transplant recipients who agreed to participate were examined. Three subgroups of the population were studied: individuals with a renal transplant for less than one year. individuals with a renal transplant for one to three years and individuals with a renal transplant for more than …

Cultural, Historical, And Subcultural Contexts Of Adolescence: Implications For Health And Development, Lisa J. Crockett

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Although clearly influenced by biological and psychological growth, adolescent development is also molded by the social and cultural context in which it occurs. As the transition from childhood to adulthood, adolescence is closely tied to the structure of adult society, and the expectations for youth during this period reflect, in important ways, the skills and qualities deemed important for success in adult roles (Benedict, 1937; Havighurst, 194811972). Furthermore, prevailing demographic, economic, and political conditions determine the adult occupational and social roles to which young people can aspire, as well as the access to and competition for those roles (Elder, 1975). …

Study Of The Hiv-1 Gene Regulatory Proteins Tat And Rev By The Two-Hybrid System In Yeast, David Allen Elkins

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Tat and Rev, small proteins encoded by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), regulate its pattern of gene expression within infected cells. Tat increases transcription from the integrated pro virus by approximately a thousand-fold; Rev effects a shift in the pattern of splicing of the viral mRNA. Both are likely to interact with cellular proteins in executing their respective functions. Tat has additional activities (including neurotoxicity and inhibition of lymphocyte activation) which may be extraneous to its viral functions.

In order to identify cellular proteins interacting with Tat and Rev, the genes for both were cloned into plasmid vectors …

Distribution Of Endosomal, Lysosomal And Mhc Markers In A Monocytic Cell Line Infected With Chlamydia Psittaci, David M. Ojcius, Raymond Hellio, Alice Dautry-Varsat

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

The intracellular fate of Chlamydia psittaci during infection of a monocytic cell line, THP1, was characterized. Cytochalasin D inhibited phagocytosis of latex beads but had no effect on infection by C. psittaci, and vacuoles expressed the transferrin receptor, suggesting accessibility to the endocytic pathway. Early Chlamydia-containing vacuoles expressed major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, and most vacuoles fused with host cell lysosomes, since they expressed LAMP-1 and had acidic pHs. In cells prestimulated with gamma interferon, vacuoles also expressed MHC class II molecules, suggesting that the monocytes might effectively process Chlamydia-derived antigens for presentation by MHC class I and …

The Work Of Living With Hiv: A Study Of Binational Groups, Christina Joy Dnsc

Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to study the experience of individuals who live with and manage HIV infection and AIDS. The context of living with HIV/AIDS, the prevailing conditions, the actions/strategies used, and the consequences of the actions were considered using grounded theory methodology and dimensional analysis. A purposeful sample of 21 individuals HIV positive or diagnosed with AIDS from San Diego, California and Tijuana, Mexico were interviewed using semi-structured questions. Data were analyzed using open and axial coding, the constant comparative method, and dimensional analysis. The work of living with HIV emerged as the central dimension within the …

Cationic Liposome-Mediated Expression Of Hiv-Regulated Luciferase And Diphtheria Toxin A Genes In Hela Cells Infected With Or Expressing Hiv, Krystyna Konopka, Gail S. Harrison, Philip L. Felgner, Nejat Düzgüneş

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

HIV-regulated expression of the diphtheria toxin A fragment gene (HIV-DT-A) is a potential gene therapy approach to AIDS. Since cationic liposomes are safe and non-immunogenic for in vivo gene delivery, we examined whether LipofectAMINE or DMRIE reagent could mediate the transfection of HIV-DT-A (pTHA43) or the HIV-regulated luciferase gene (pLUCA43) into HIV-infected or uninfected HeLa cells. pLUCA43 was expressed at a 103-fold higher level in HeLa/LAV cells than in uninfected HeLa cells, while the extent of expression of RSV-regulated luciferase was the same in both cell lines. Co-transfection of HeLa cells with pTHA43 and the proviral HIV clone, HXBΔBgl, resulted …

Vital Signs, Spring 1997, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty four page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

The Chironian Vol. 114 Spring/Summer 1997, New York Medical College

The Chironian

No abstract provided.

Sch 48973: A Potent, Broad-Spectrum, Antienterovirus Compound., Peter J. Buontempo, Stuart Cox, Jacquelyn Wright-Minogue, Jason L. Demartino, Angela M. Skelton, Eric Ferrari, Randi Albin, Edward J. Rozhon, V. Girijavallabhan, John F. Modlin, John F. O'Connell

Dartmouth Scholarship

SCH 48973 is a novel molecule with potent, selective, antienterovirus activity. In assays of the cytopathic effect against five picornaviruses, SCH 48973 had antiviral activity (50% inhibitory concentrations [IC50s]) of 0.02 to 0.11 microg/ml, with no detectable cytotoxicity at 50 microg/ml. SCH 48973 inhibited 80% of 154 recent human enterovirus isolates at an IC50 of 0.9 microg/ml. The antiviral activity of SCH 48973 is derived from its specific interaction with viral capsid, as confirmed by competition binding studies. The affinity constant (Ki) for SCH 48973 binding to poliovirus was 8.85 x 10(-8) M. In kinetic studies, a maximum of approximately …

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume Xlvi, Number 2, March 1997

The Bulletin (formerly the Jefferson Medical College Alumni Bulletin)

Jefferson Alumni Bulletin – Volume XLVI, Number 2, March 1997

Urology, Page 4

Report from the Alumni Trustees, Page 8

Student Notebook from 1831-33 Returns to Jefferson, Page 9

Named Professorships at Jeff, Page 10

Where the Alumni Are: A Map, Page 12

Why Does Melanoma Vaccine Work? An Answer, Page 14

Jefferson’s First Combined Kidney/Pancreas Transplant, Page 15

Dr. Shaedler is Honored for 29 Years of Teaching, Page 16

An Immunomodulating Mycotoxin Interferes With The Development Of Autoimmune Diabetes In Diabetes-Prone Bb/Wor Rats, Honggang Liu

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Various fungal products have immunomodulating activity and some have been studied regarding prevention of transplantation rejection. Prior to this investigation, the mycotoxin, gliotoxin (GT), has never been investigated as an immunotherapeutic drug for autoimmune disease. GT is a fungal secondary metabolite and a member of the epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) family which has been shown to inhibit phagocytosis, induction of cytolytic T cells and the proliferation of T cells following mitogen stimulation. GT also induces in vitro apoptosis in certain immune cell types. More importantly, GT exhibits selective activity towards cells of hemopoietic origin.

Autoimmune diseases are disorders caused by immune responses …

Health Professions Division Catalog Academic Year 1997-1998, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Ada News Daily - 1997 Day 2, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Ada News Daily - 1997 Day 4, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Ada News Daily - 1997 Day 3, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Book Review Of Clovis E. Semmes, Racism, Health, And Post-Industrialism: A Theory Of African-American Health, Jerry Haynes

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of Clovis E. Semmes, Racism, Health, and Post-Industrialism: A Theory of African-American Health (Praeger Publishers 1996). About the author, acknowledgements, index, introduction, selected bibliography. LC-95-34440; ISBN 0-275-95428-5 [178 pp. Cloth $59.95, paper $18.95. 88 Post Road West, Westport CT 06881.]

Exercise During Pregnancy, Sue Merkel

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Physical fitness and sports participation has increased in popularity over the years. This raises concerns as to whether exercising while pregnant is beneficial or harmful to the mother and her unborn child. Research has determined the maternal and fetal responses during various forms of exercise. This research has been used to help establish guidelines and recommendations for pregnant women. However, there continues to be controversy as to the exercise guidelines pregnant females need to follow. Women experience physical changes throughout their pregnancy which can lead to low back pain, abdominal or pelvic floor dysfunctions. These complications can be prevented or …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 74, No. 2, 1997)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Prp Genotypes And Experimental Scrapie In Orally Inoculated Suffolk Sheep In The United States, Katherine I. O'Rourke, G. R. Holyoak, W. W. Clark, J. R. Mickelson, S. Wang, R. P. Melco, T. E. Besser, W. C. Foote

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

One-hundred and three United States Suffolk sheep were inoculated orally with a scrapie agent preparation and monitored for clinical disease and histopathological lesions characteristic of scrapie. A retrospective study of the polymorphisms at codon 171 of the prion protein (PrP) gene was performed on these sheep. All 63 sheep that developed scrapie during the observation period were homozygous for the glutamine 171 (171-QQ) PrP allele. Twelve 171-QQ sheep failed to develop disease. All 5 sheep homozygous for arginine (171-RR) and all 23 heterozygous (171-QR) sheep remained free of scrapie.

Spongiform Encephalopathy In Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus), White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) And Rocky Mountain Elk (Cervus Elaphus Nelsoni) In Northcentral Colorado, T. R. Spraker, M. W. Miller, E. S. Williams, D. M. Getzy, W. J. Adrian, G. G. Schoonveid, R. A. Spowart, Katherine I. O'Rourke, J. M. Miller, P. A. Merz

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Between March 1981 and June 1995, a neurological disease characterized histologically by spongiform encephalopathy was diagnosed in 49 free-ranging cervids from northcentral Colorado (USA). Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were the primary species affected and accounted for 41(84%) of the 49 cases, but six Rocky Mountain elk (Cereus elaphus nelsoni) and two white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were also affected. Clinical signs included emaciation, excessive salivation, behavioral changes, ataxia, and weakness. Emaciation with total loss of subcutaneous and abdominal adipose tissue and serous atrophy of remaining fat depots were the only consistent gross findings. Spongiform encephalopathy …

Blood Homocysteine Levels In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes Iii) In The United States: Preliminary Findings By Age And Sex, Irwin H. Rosenberg, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Barbara A. Bowman, Elaine W. Gunter, Clifford L. Johnson, R. S. Murphy

United States Public Health Resources

Evidence from scores of observational studies from many parts of the world have demonstrated an association between elevated blood total homocysteine levels and the risk of cardiovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, and stroke. These conditions are more prevalent in males than in females in virtually all populations studied, and their prevalence increases with advancing age. A much smaller body of data exists that describes an increasing tendency to higher homocysteine levels with increasing age.

There have been no previous reports of blood homocysteine levels measured in a cross-sectional sample throughout the age spectrum from childhood through the elderly. However, the …

The Role Of Reactive Oxygen Species In The Induction Of Interleukin-8 (Il-8) By Rhinovirus, Matthew Biagioli

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

There is a direct correlation between the severity of common cold symptoms and the concentration of IL-8 in nasal secretions from volunteers with experimental human rhinovirus (hRV) colds. Although these and other data are consistent with the hypothesis that IL-8 is a mediator of common cold symptoms, the mechanism by which IL-8 is elaborated in response to hRV challenge is not understood. This study examined the role of oxidative stress and NF-κB activation in hRV induced IL-8 elaboration. All studies were done in either a transformed respiratory epithelial cell line (Beas-2b) or human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). Induction of oxidative stress …

Ada News Daily - 1997 Day 1, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Management Of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome By Physical Therapy: An Outcome Study, Jouni Zidbeck

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a disorder caused by compression of the brachial nerve plexus or subclavian artery or vein as they pass through a potentially limited space in the anterolateral neck and proximal shoulder. An individual with a predisposition for TOS due to his or her anatomy may have an onset of symptoms due to many different etiologies including acute injury and prolonged postural abnormalities. Although conservative management by physical therapy cannot replace surgery in severe or complicated cases of TOS, it is, nevertheless, the recommended first treatment choice. The purpose of this study was to assess the success …

Trade And Health: The Global Spread Of Diseases And International Trade, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.