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Studies Towards Chemical Synthesis Of Homogeneous Prion Glycoprotein, Baotong Tian

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders initiated by conformational misfolding of the prion protein (PrP), which generates pathogenic conformers that propagate via templated conversion and accumulate as aggregates. Glycosylation can modulate the PrP folding energy landscape, thereby biasing folding trajectories and the distribution of resulting conformational states. Bank vole PrP contains two N-linked glycosylation sites, and disentangling the contributions of site occupancy versus glycan structure requires homogeneous, site-defined glycoforms. In contrast, biosynthetic expression typically produces heterogeneous glycoform ensembles due to multistep Golgi processing, precluding independent control of glycan identity at each site. Here we report a chemical synthesis strategy of …

School-Level Gaps In Mmr Coverage As The Fuel For Measles Outbreaks, Meagan C Fitzpatrick, Chad R Wells, Abhishek Pandey, Lamia Ayaz, Peter J Hotez, Seyed M Moghadas, Alison P Galvani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Non-Congenital Hsv-1 Keratitis In An Immunocompetent 9-Month-Old Infant, Caleb A Casanova, Stephanie Trejo Corona, Stephen F Pflugfelder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Isolated, non-congenital herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) keratitis in immunocompetent infants is exceedingly rare and may be easily misdiagnosed, leading to delays in appropriate antiviral therapy. This case is unique in that it describes HSV-1 keratitis in a healthy 9-month-old infant presenting without systemic illness, initially treated as bacterial conjunctivitis. The patient presented with unilateral eye pain, redness, and corneal opacification. Subsequent evaluation revealed HSV-1 keratitis, and the patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir in combination with topical moxifloxacin and topical ganciclovir, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms within one week. This case adds to the limited literature on …

Harmonizing Hope: An Idea Of Music Therapy Interventions For Schizophrenia, Dominikus David Biondi Situmorang

Buletin Konseling Inovatif

Schizophrenia is typified by a wide range of symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, cognitive decline, and social disengagement. Even with improvements in pharmaceutical and psychosocial therapy, many people with schizophrenia still require supplementary treatment methods due to their chronic symptoms and functional limitations. Utilizing music's therapeutic capacity to address a variety of symptoms and enhance general well-being, music therapy has emerged as a possible supplementary intervention for schizophrenia. In this study, the author used a literature review with a Critically Appraised Topic (CAT); this research is a summary of the best available evidence regarding the focused aims. This CAT looks …

Cytomegalovirus As A Potential Trigger For Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Case Of Nstemi In A Previously Healthy Patient, Hussam Al Hennawi, Muhammad Sabri, David Teng, Maxwell Berman, Botros Shenoda

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been implicated in endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis, yet its role as a potential trigger for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains underrecognized. We present a case of a 32-year-old male with no prior medical history who developed non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and was subsequently found to have active CMV infection. The patient had no known history cardiovascular disease, though subsequent testing did reveal additional underlying risk factors. This case highlights the need to consider infectious etiologies, including CMV, as contributors to ACS in young, otherwise apparently healthy individuals. Understanding the interplay between viral infections and atherosclerotic …

Inflammatory Co-Regulation Of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels And Na,K-Atpase In Metastatic Breast Cancer, Steven D. Scahill, Kelly Jean Sherman, Dennis Paul

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Sodium regulation is a potentially major driver of cancer metastasis. Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and Na,K-ATPase are sodium transporters that are upregulated in many advanced carcinomas and are implicated as metastatic drivers. However, little is known about what drives this overexpression, how these proteins influence metastatic behavior, or whether these complementary sodium transporters are co-regulated in cancer. Using sodium transporter regulation in healthy neurons as a model, the present study demonstrated that the inflammatory mediator tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) affects the expression of VGSCs and Na,K-ATPase in an in vitro model of metastatic breast cancer. Acute TNFα challenge increased …

Patterns Of Rifampicin And Isoniazid Resistance In Pulmonary Rr/Mdr-Tb With Or Without T2dm, May Ira Sopha, Laksmi Wulandari, Musofa Rusli, Dominicus Husada, Susantina Prodjosoewojo

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Tuberculosis (TB) causes approximately[-12pc]AU: Please provide ORCID ID for all authors. 1.6 million deaths each year. The incidence of drug-resistant TB has continued to rise, primarily due to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Drug-resistant TB remains a primary concern in various parts of the world, especially in Eastern Europe, Russia, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to analyze the correlation between first-line anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and the presence or absence of T2DM comorbidity in patients with pulmonary RR/MDR TB. This research employed a cross-sectional design, which used secondary data from 2023, obtained from medical records, the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB), and …

Preliminary Laboratory Evaluation Of Rapid Diagnostic Test Prototype To Detect Hbsag In Whole Blood And Serum, Ema Qurnianingsih, Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu, Mochammad Amin, Dewi Setyawati, Yanna Debby Restifanny Yasan, Lina Lukitasari, Maria Inge Lusida, Soetjipto Soetjipto

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major global health issue,[-10pc]AU: Please provide ORCID ID for all authors.[-7pc]AU: Please provide affiliation’s for all authors. with over 250 million people affected worldwide. In Indonesia, HBV prevalence has declined from high to moderate endemicity, but challenges persist due to regional disparities, risk of mother-to-child transmission, and the predominance of B3 and C1 sub-genotype. Despite available preventive measures and diagnostic tools, approximately 90% of cases remain undiagnosed, particularly in low-resource settings, indicating the need for improved screening and control strategies. Therefore, this study aims to conduct preliminary performance tests of KODC hepatitis B …

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen And Liver Function Tests As Prediction Markers For Patients Infected With The Hepatitis B Virus., Maitham N. Madhi, Wissam Salih Abood

Al-Qadisiyah Medical Journal

Background: The infection with the hepatitis B virus represents a significant global health challenge with serious complexities like the failure of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. It results in an estimated mortality of 1.12 million cases in 2022. Aim of Study: This study aimed to use hepatitis B surface antigen and liver function tests as prediction markers for patients infected with the hepatitis B virus and compare them with viral load in Wasit Province, Iraq. Materials and Methods: This study involved 75 patients, both male and female, who made up the study population. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive patients' samples were …

Evaluation Of Impact Of Some Epidemiologic Factors On The Bronchiolitis Caused By Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) In Infants And Young Children Under 5 Years Old In Al- Diwaniyah Province, Rajaa Abd Hamaadi Chaloob, Wissam Salih Abood

Al-Qadisiyah Medical Journal

Background:. The biggest viral cause of bronchiolitis and one of the major agents behind respiratory-tract infections globally is the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV). RSV is transmitted through airborne droplets or close contact with contaminated objects. Objective: The purpose of this research is to detect major risk factors associated with susceptibility to and severity of bronchiolitis in infants and young children under the age of five caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).  study design to detect antibodies Immunoglobulin M (IgM) for human RSV in serum samples by using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits as a diagnostic test Methods: This …

Membrane Il-18 Identifies A Human Macrophage Subset With Distinct Proteomic And Functional Traits, Chiara Vitale, Marco Colonna, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This study contributes to the characterization of human macrophages in normal and pathological conditions such as cancer. We characterized a macrophage population expressing membrane-associated IL-18 (mIL-18) that shows peculiar proteomic, phenotypic, ultrastructural, and functional properties. mIL-18+ macrophages exhibit increased levels of key proteins involved in pathogen recognition, activation, migration, and endocytosis. They also display specialized functions in vesicle and actin filament transport and lipid metabolism, and have typical mitochondrial traits. Importantly, mIL-18+ cells dominate the peritoneal fluid of adult cancer patients and are present in the bone marrow of children with neuroblastoma. They express high levels of TREM2 but display …

Gut Microbiome Metagenomics In Clinical Practice: Bridging The Gap Between Research And Precision Medicine, Henok Ayalew Tegegne, Tor C Savidge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Gut microbiome metagenomics is emerging as a cornerstone of precision medicine, offering exceptional opportunities for improved diagnostics, risk stratification, and therapeutic development. Advances in high-throughput sequencing have uncovered robust microbial signatures linked to infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases. Clinical applications now include pathogen detection, antimicrobial resistance profiling, microbiota-based therapies, and enterotype-guided patient stratification. However, translation into routine care is hindered by significant barriers including methodological variability, limited functional annotation, lack of bioinformatics standardization, and underrepresentation of global populations. This review synthesizes current translational strategies, emphasizing the need for hypothesis-driven designs, multi-omic integration, longitudinal and multi-center cohorts, and mechanistic validation. …

Evaluation Of Chicken Serum And Chicken Egg Yolk As Novel Supplements For The In Vitro Cultivation Of Mycoplasma Hyorhinis, Yi-Chia Li, Sin-Hang Ma, Wei-Hao Lin, Chao-Nan Lin, Ming-Tang Chiou

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mycoplasma hyorhinis is a significant pathogen in swine, yet its fastidious nutritional requirements present challenges for in vitro cultivation. Conventional supplements like horse serum (HS) often suffer from batch variability and potential inhibitors. This study aimed to evaluate chicken serum (CS) and chicken egg yolk (CY) as novel alternatives to develop a reliable cultivation method for M. hyorhinis. Five clinical isolates were cultured for 10 days in a basal medium supplemented with CS or CY at 10%, 20%, or 30%, with 30% HS as the control. Growth was quantified daily using a Color Changing Unit (CCU) assay. CS supported …

Hubungan Faktor Iklim, Faktor Polutan Dan Faktor Sosioekonomi Terhadap Proporsi Pneumonia Balita Provinsi Dki Jakarta Tahun 2013 – 2022, Fayza Chairunnisa Permana, Zakianis Zakianis, Laila Fitria, Erni Pelita Fitratunnisa

Jurnal Nasional Kesehatan Lingkungan Global

In 2022, the Province of DKI Jakarta ranked fourth with the highest coverage of pneumonia in toddlers (53.2%), exceeding Indonesia's toddler pneumonia coverage (38.78%). Pneumonia is influenced by various risk factors, including environmental factors such as climate and weather conditions as well as air pollution, and social and behavioral factors such as toddler characteristics, parental socioeconomic status, and access to health care services. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between climate factors (air temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and air pressure), pollutant factors (PM₁₀, SO₂, CO, O₃, NO₂), and parents' socioeconomic …

Environmental Health Risks To Children In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Of Evidence And Gaps In Global Interventions, Tadius C. Chitambwe, Dewi Susanna

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) children experience a disproportionate burden of environmental health risks, contributing to over half of global under-five deaths despite representing only 27% of live births ¹. This scoping review synthesised evidence from sixty-seven (67) eligible studies (2010–2025) to map out environmental exposures affecting children (0–18 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa, and to identify gaps in global interventions. Included studies focused on children (0-18 years) in SSA, addressed one or more of the four predefined environmental exposure domains (air pollution, WASH, toxic chemicals, climate-related risks), and reported on child health outcomes or interventions. Guided by the PRISMA and Arksey …

Kejadian Luar Biasa Gondongan Di Sd Islam X Samarinda, 2024, Rudy Agus Riyanto, Irfansyah Baharuddin Pakki, Mela Sabena, Meli Pasiakan, Erlina Erlina, Rima Andriani

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Mumps outbreaks are a public health issue that still frequently occur in elementary school settings, particularly among children with low immunization coverage. Therefore, a comprehensive epidemiological understanding is needed as a basis for control. This research aims to describe the epidemiological picture and causative factors of the mumps outbreak that occurred at Islamic Elementary School X in Samarinda City in 2024, using a case series design. The outbreak occurred from April to October 2024, while epidemiological data collection and case verification were conducted from December 2nd to 8th, 2024. The analysis uses surveillance data, field observations, and questionnaires administered to …

The Therapeutic And Physiological Effects Of Citrus Peel Extraction On Helicobacter Pylori Bacteria, Sara Saeb Rasheed, Rawnaq Z. Fadhil, Marwah Amer Qamandar, Salah M.M. Al-Chalabi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

The antibiotic resistance has emerged as a growing international concern affecting not only human health but also the environment, animal population, and global economy. The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance poses a serious and escalating threat to public health. This problem is further exacerbated by the limited development of new antibiotic, high production costs, and risks about its side effects. Identifying novel antibiotic agents is crucial for managing fungal and bacterial infection. Consequently, numerous natural compound have been investigated as potential alternative therapies. Plant extracts are valuable source of bioactive compounds and represent a promising strategy to control pathogenic microorganisms. …

Mathematical Analysis And Numerical Simulation Of A Fractional-Order Sir-Si Model For Malaria Transmission Dynamics, Gassan A. M. O. Farah, Abdulaziz Y. A. Mukhtar, Kailash C. Patidar

Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications

This study investigates the complex transmission dynamics of malaria, a critical global health challenge, with a focus on the African continent. We introduce a novel approach that employs Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) to advance the understanding of malaria spread and control. Specifically, we develop a new SIR-SI model using the Caputo fractional operator, which captures the memory effects and time-delay characteristics inherent in real-world epidemiological systems. A detailed analysis of the model's solvability and uniqueness is conducted using fixed-point theory. To obtain an analytical solution, the system is solved via the Laplace transform method, with solutions expressed in closed form …

Invasive Candidiasis In Critically Ill Patients: Fundamental Concepts And Future Directions, María Alejandra Pérez, Wesley J Hoffmann, J Christian Pérez, Max W Adelman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Topic importance: Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a common complication in patients in ICUs. IC can be divided into bloodstream infections (candidemia) and deep-seated infections. Candida infections are associated with high mortality and longer hospital stays. Moreover, the emergence of Candida auris and other species prone to cause ICU outbreaks highlights the importance of this pathogen.

Review findings: Candidemia represents about 20% of bloodstream infections in ICU patients, whereas intraabdominal candidiasis, the most common form of deep-seated infection, predominantly affects surgical ICU patients. Regarding species distribution, Candida albicans is the most common species; however, non-albicans species have become more prevalent in …

Perspectives On Implementing Environmentally Sustainable Practices In Cataract Surgeries: Interviews Of Administrative And Frontline Healthcare Workers, Daniel Parra, Brooke Sherry, Emma Pak, Lauren Taylor, Erin S. Rogers, Sarah E. Hochman, Maria De Los Angeles Ramos Cadena, Joel S. Schuman, Christina R. Prescott, Cassandra L. Thiel

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

BACKGROUND: Healthcare is responsible for 8.5% of greenhouse gas emission in the United States. Physicians are becoming increasingly concerned about the climate crisis, particularly in the field of ophthalmology where there is a growing body of literature related to sustainability. Although emissions of cataracts surgery, one of the most performed surgical procedures in the world, have been quantified, modifications to practice have yet to be made. This study aims to uplift the perspectives of a diverse set of healthcare workers on implementing environmentally sustainable practices in the cataract surgery setting.

METHODS: 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals working in …

Association Of Abo Blood Groups With Dengue Fever And Its Severity: A Study In Surabaya, Indonesia, Sulistiawati Sulistiawati, Linda Dewanti, Ronald Pratama Adiwinoto, Raissa Manika Purwaningtias, Bilqis Inayatillah, Jan Nouwen

Journal of Health Research

Background: Indonesia, a dengue-endemic country, has high morbidity and mortality rates. Dengue infection manifestations vary from asymptomatic to mild to severe. One of the risk factors for infection that plays a role in this severity is blood type. A better understanding of the risk factors for dengue infection is required to prevent and control it.

Methods: This analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals in Surabaya from March to May 2013. Consecutive sampling included 95 patients aged >12 years with confirmed dengue infection (IgM/IgG positive) and without comorbid severe illness. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and checklists, …

Mental Health First Aid Certification's Impact On Filipino Nurses' Ability To Increase Personal Help-Seeking Behaviors, Self-Awareness Of Health Changes, And Improved Self-Connection, Maria Elena Holguin, Brenda Marshall, Faith Atte, Katherine J. Roberts

School of Nursing Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Background

Post COVID-19, almost 50% of nurses reported severe depression, and over 30% moderate to severe anxiety. Nurses from minority racial and ethnic backgrounds, including Filipino nurses, accounted for more than 54% of COVID-related deaths, despite comprising only 24.1% of the nursing workforce. Filipino nurses, making up only 1% of the U.S. population, comprise 4.5 % of the nursing workforce and face significant barriers to seeking mental health services, including stigma, a sense of shame, and adherence to cultural values that view mental illness as unacceptable.

Aim 

To assess the impact of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) certification among Filipino …

Antifungal Activity Of Nutmeg Mace (Myristica Fragrans Houtt) Ethanol Extract Against Candida Spp., Muhammad Akbar Yandji, Eka Astuty, Fitri Kadarsih Bandjar

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Candida infections are increasingly common worldwide and represent one of the leading causes of death after cardiovascular disease. There are three types of candida that often infect humans, namely Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis. In the standard treatment used, immunity and side effects of treatment have been found. Therefore, other treatment options are needed, one of which is by using mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt) which is a native plant of Maluku and has secondary metabolite compounds that can be antifungal agents. This study aims to test the ability of ethanol extract of mace nutmeg ( …

Clinical Outcomes Of Electrosurgery For Management Of Giant Condyloma Acuminata: A Systematic Review, Fortunia Mona Eviani, Maureen Miracle Stella, Arief Budiyanto, Satiti Retno Pudjiati, Alessandro Alfieri

Folia Medica Indonesiana

Giant condyloma acuminata (GCA) is a rare sexually transmitted disease that is locally aggressive with a high recurrence rate. Electrosurgery is a minimally invasive procedure that may be less expensive, quicker, and safer than conventional surgery. This study aimed to review the management of GCA with electrosurgery. We followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines to search and retrieve literature in the following databases: PubMed, ProQuest, Taylor & Francis, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, and SAGE without time restrictions. The study inclusion criteria were original articles that studied the outcome of electrosurgery in GCA. The authors evaluated the risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute …

Phospholipid Scramblase 1 (Plscr1) Regulates Interferon-Lambda Receptor 1 (Ifn-Λr1) And Ifn-Λ Signaling In Influenza A Virus (Iav) Infection, Alina Xiaoyu Yang, Lisa Ramos-Rodriguez, Parand Sorkhdini, Dongqin Yang, Carmelissa Norbrun, Sonoor Majid, Sanghyun Lee, Yong Zhang, Michael Holtzman, David F Boyd, Yang Zhou

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) that has several known anti-influenza functions. However, the mechanisms in relation to its expression compartment and enzymatic activity have not been completely explored. Moreover, only limited animal models have been studied to delineate its role at the tissue level in influenza infections. Our results showed that influenza A virus (IAV)-infected

Adapter Changes Of Central Line Patients On Total Parenteral Nutrition, Courtney Erin Schappell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) remain a significant and preventable patient safety issue, especially among hospitalized patients receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Patients on TPN face a higher risk of infection due to the high glucose content of the solution and the frequent access required for central line therapy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality have recognized CLABSI prevention as a national priority. In addition, there is emphasis on high-risk groups like patients receiving TPN. The Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice, an evidence-based guideline, recommends catheter care, including timely adapter (i.e., …

Correlational Study Of Health Checkups And Patient Wellness: Epidemiological Evaluation On Prophylaxis Pathways, Samantha H. Beaubrun

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health checkups and wellness visits are a vital pathway to early detection and diagnosis of disease. It is not known whether young adults, insured or not, are opting into preventive care services to optimize health status via health checkups/wellness visits at primary care academic health centers. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relation of wellness visits to healthcare insurance and health status while adjusting for gender among young adults ages 18–35 years in the United States. A descriptive correlational design was used with the 2023 National Health Interview Survey data set (N = 6,544). The results …

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Pharmacokinetics, Drug-Likeness, Toxicity, And Molecular Docking Studies Of 4-N-(Methyl)-4-Aminoquinoline Derivatives As Antimalarial Compounds, Muhamad Jalil Baari, Devi Hardiyanti

Makara Journal of Science

Antimalarial drug resistance has encouraged various innovations to develop novel drug compounds that are effective, feasible, and safe, adhering to health standards. One way to do that is by observing and predicting the biological activity of drug compounds using quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. In this study, QSAR analysis was conducted on the 4-N-(methyl)-4-aminoquinoline derivatives, which effectively inhibit the growth of Plasmodium falciparum as a source of malaria. The research stages involved molecular structure modeling, molecular geometry optimization using the AM1 semi-empirical method, and QSAR descriptor calculations, including electronic (atomic charges (q), HOMO and LUMO energies, polarizability (α), …

Perspectives On The Future Of The Profession Of Microbiology, Todd L Kelson, Heidi B Kaplan, Michelle Dziejman, Shilpa Gadwal, Irene Hulede, Jennifer Bennett, Roger Greenwell, Shelley Payne, Kyle Maclea, Eric Miller, Diana L Vullo, Rebecca Sparks-Thissen, Astral Bertolio, Jorge Cervantes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Profession of Microbiology (POM) embodies the bulk of the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) members and represents the career preparation arm of the ASM for academia, industry, and clinical lab professions. The ASM Council on Microbial Sciences hosted a virtual retreat in 2025 to identify the future of the POM. The retreat presentations centered on workforce development, professional development, innovations in technology, and interdisciplinary collaborations. Various aspects were identified, such as the need to prepare for careers in industry, as an important goal of future training. It was also clear that scientists, in all walks of life, need professional …

Advancing Skin Cancer Diagnostics: A Comparative Analysis Of Convolutional Neural Network Models For Skin Lesion Classification, Jesse Osuji, Tania Malik

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

For many years, skin cancer diagnosis and cancer research have been major focal points in the healthcare sector. Accurate classification of different types of skin lesions, including cancerous ones, is essential for proper diagnostics. Many machine learning (ML) techniques and models are used to solve various problems across various domains. One of such techniques is called neural networks. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are primarily used in computer vision-based problems, allowing computer systems to process and understand images. CNNs offer a potential tool for diagnosing skin lesions from images, occasionally demonstrating superior accuracy compared to trained dermatologists. This project explores various …