Digital Commons Network^™

A Contemporary Shared Governance Structure And Its Role In Managing Nurse Turnover, Kagale Kiwanuka

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Nurse turnover can adversely impact any health system's financial performance and the clinical practice environment, and it is detrimental to patient safety and quality of care.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was for nurses on a Labor and Delivery and Antepartum unit at a 382-bed community hospital in Austell, GA(P), does the utility of a contemporary shared governance structure in everyday practice (I) compared to the current shared governance structure (C) decrease nurse turnover rates (O) within four weeks (T)?

Evidence: Shared governance permits the reduction of turnover and the intent to …

Perception Is Everything: Implementation Of A Peer Evaluation Program For Nurse Leaders In A Hospital Setting, Teruko Williams

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: A hospital in the Sacramento County area seeking the ANCC Pathway to Excellence Program^® designation determined upon performing a gap analysis that Element of Performance 2.8, a peer evaluation program, was absent, thus creating a deficiency in the fulfillment of the requirements for the designation.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In nurse leaders (P) how does the development of a formal peer evaluation process (I) compared to no formal process (C), influence the performance outcome score of self-efficacy (O) over 8 weeks (T)?

Evidence: The evidence demonstrated that if a …

Body Build Of 14-16-Year-Old Boys Practising Football And Basketball As Compared With Non-Training Peers, Monika Opanowska, Elzbieta Pretkiewicz-Abacjew, Paweł Skonieczny

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The purpose of the study was to compare the somatic build of football and basketball players aged 14, 15 and 16 years with non-training boys of the same age. The study involved 301 boys, who were divided into three study groups: football players, basketball players and non-training boys. The level of the boys’ somatic development was established on the basis of body weight and height measurements, which were the basis for determining the BMI and Rohrer’s index. In addition, the functional lengths of the right and the left lower extremity were studied. The majority of training and non-training boys were …

Preventing Osteoporosis Among Underweight And Obese Sedentary Young Women, Nasim Habibzadeh

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a walking program on bone mass density (BMD) among healthy obese and thin young girls. Material/Methods: Twenty untrained obese (n=10) and thin (n=10) girls, 20-25 years, volunteered to participate in this study. Before and after the training program both groups had an anthropometric measurement, a blood analysis and a BMD evaluation. Each walking session consisted of 30 minutes walking between 50-75% of maximal heart rate, 3 days per week for 2 months. Results: After the exercise program, BMD in both regions (hip (1.1%) and spine (L2- L4) …

Nurse-Driven Protocols For Abdominal Pain In The Emergency Department, Chris Schmidt

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Emergency department (ED) crowding hinders the opportunity to deliver safe, quality care to abdominal pain patients and detrimentally affects clinical outcomes. Leadership of a rural community ED recognized a comparable issue by introducing a nurse-driven protocol (NDP) to reduce patient length of stay (LOS) and the rate of patients who leave the department prior to physician evaluation.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: For adult patients in an emergency department, how does a nurse-driven protocol for abdominal pain compared to no protocol use affect the LOS and left without being seen (LWBS) rate over 10 …

Living Arrangements And Dementia Among The Oldest Old: A Comparison Of Mexicans And Mexican Americans, Phillip A. Cantu, Jiwon Kim, Mariana López-Ortega, Sunshine Rote, Silvia Mejia-Arango, Jacqueline L. Angel

School of Medicine Publications

Background and objectives: The growing population of adults surviving past age 85 in the United States and Mexico raises questions about the living arrangements of the oldest old and those living with dementia. This study compares Mexican and Mexican American individuals aged 85 and older to identify associations with cognitive status and living arrangements in Mexico and the United States.

Research design and methods: This study includes 419 Mexican Americans in 5 southwestern states (Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly) and 687 Mexicans from a nationally representative sample (Mexican Health and Aging Study). It examines characteristics …

Association Between Gait Speed And Muscle Mass And Strength In Postmenopausal Women, Zbigniew M. Ossowski, Monika Wiech, Miroslaw Ellwart

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Gait speed (GS) is the most popular tool used in clinical practice to diagnose functional performance. In order to maintain the independence of the elderly, it is useful to determine the association between gait speed and skeletal muscle mass, as well as the strength of the lower and upper extremities, which was the aim of this study. Material and methods: ‪The study involved 95 women in the postmenopausal period. The skeletal muscle mass (SM) was determined using a bioelectric impedance method using an octapolar bioimpedance InBody 720 analyzer. Upper limb strength was measured using the handgrip strength (HS) and …

Athlete Self-Efficacy Scale: Development And Psychometric Properties, Çalık Veli Koçak

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: It is important that psychological structures have an impact on athlete performance, such as self-efficacy can be measured consistently. The aim of this study is to develop a measurement tool with psychometric properties that can measure the self-efficacy beliefs of athletes. Material and methods: The participants of the study consisted of 325 athletes (age 21.6 ± 4.2) who actively pursue sports in various sports branches in Turkey. In the validity and reliability analysis of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes were used. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient value of the total scale is .88. Results: The validity and reliability …

Fat As An Adjunct In Nerve Surgery, Allison Podsednik, Raysa Cabrejo, Joseph Rosen

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Dementia And Mild Cognitive Impairment In Indigenous Bolivian Forager-Horticulturalists, Margaret Gatz, Wendy J. Mack, Helena C. Chui, E. Meng Law, Giuseppe Barisano, M. Linda Sutherland, James D. Sutherland, Daniel Eid Rodriguez, Raul Quispe Gutierrez, Juan Copajira Adrian, Jesus Bani Cuata, Amy R. Borenstein, Ellen E. Waters, Andrei Irimia, Christopher J. Rowan, L. Samuel Wann, Adel H. Allam, Randall C. Thompson, Michael I. Miyamoto, David E. Michalik, Daniel K. Cummings, Edmond Seabright, Angela R. Garcia, Paul L. Hooper, Thomas S. Kraft, Caleb E. Finch, Gregory S. Thomas, Jonathan Stieglitz, Benjamin C. Trumble, Michael D. Gurven, Hillard Kaplan

ESI Publications

Introduction

We evaluated the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in indigenous Tsimane and Moseten, who lead a subsistence lifestyle.

Methods

Participants from population-based samples ≥ 60 years of age (n = 623) were assessed using adapted versions of the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination, informant interview, longitudinal cognitive testing and brain computed tomography (CT) scans.

Results

Tsimane exhibited five cases of dementia (among n = 435; crude prevalence = 1.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4, 2.7); Moseten exhibited one case (among n = 169; crude prevalence = 0.6%, 95% CI: 0.0, 3.2), all age ≥ 80 years. …

Avoiding Isolation: Physical Activity For Persons With Disabilities And Covid-19, Pelin Aksen-Cengizhan, Ali Ahmet Doğan, Özkan Işık

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

It was aimed in this article to draw attention to the following issues: the importance of issuing guidelines on what countries can or should do in order for individuals with disabilities to maintain their daily exercises or physical activity routines, and informing the public about it; the importance of considering the needs of a person with disabilities in emergency preparedness and response plans of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; the importance of the dissemination of public health messages in plain language and accessible formats through all mass media channels; the importance of providing psychosocial support to persons with …

Vitamin D Supplementation For The Treatment Of Depressive Symptoms In Women With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Sue Penckofer Phd, Monique Ridosh, William Howard Adams, Meghan Grzesiak, Jennifer Woo, Mary Byrn, Joanne Kouba Phd, Rdn, Ldn, Patricia M. Sheean, Colleen Kordish, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Diane Wallis, Mary Ann Emanuele, Angelos Halaris

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

Aim. To determine the efficacy and safety of vitamin D₃ supplementation in reducing depressive symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D), depression, and low vitamin D. Methods. In this double-blind randomized active comparator-controlled trial, women with significant depressive symptoms as assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale received weekly oral vitamin D₃ supplementation (50,000 IU) or an active comparator (5,000 IU) for 6 months. Assessments of vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D], and depression were measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Results. A total of 129 women were …

Social Support Needs Of Minority Breast Cancer Patients: Significance Of Racial Homogeneity And Kin Composition Of Social Networks, Ganga Vijayasiri, Garth H. Rauscher, Ifeanyi Beverly Chukwudozie, Richard T. Campbell, Richard Warnecke

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Social support from family and friends assists breast cancer patients navigate a life crisis, but more needs to be understood about specific social network characteristics that can benefit breast cancer patients. To address this need, the primary aim of this study was to identify social network factors that facilitate or reduce social support. Given racially patterned gaps in social support among breast cancer patients, a secondary goal was to identify network characteristics that are linked to gaps in support. We examined these research questions using data from a sample of 915 breast cancer patients (NHWhite=373; NHBlack=377; Hispanic=165) and 4,021 of …

Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening According To Health Professional Counseling And Age In The United States, Seth A. Otto, Ray M. Merrill

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2022

To determine the prevalence of PSA testing in men according to age, reasons for undergoing testing, and whether a discussion about harms and benefits took place with a doctor prior to testing.

Predicting 31- To 60-Day Heart Failure Rehospitalization Among Older Women, Carolyn Biggs Sue-Ling Phd, Rn, Mpa, Nalini Jairath

Publications

The current study sought to identify social, hemodynamic, and comorbid risk factors associated with 31-to 60-day heart failure (HF) rehospitalization in African American and Caucasian older (aged >65 years) women. A non-equivalent, case-control, quantitative design study using secondary data analysis of medical records from a local community hospital in the Southeast region of the United States was performed over a 3-year period. Relationships between predictor variables and the outcome variable, 31- to 60-day HF rehospitalization, were explored. The full model containing all predictors was not able to distinguish between predictors (χ[21, N = 188] = 35.77, p = 0.12). However, …

Type 2 Diabetes Partitioned Polygenic Scores Associate With Disease Outcomes In 454,193 Individuals Across 13 Cohorts, Daniel Dicorpo, Jessica Leclair, Joanne B Cole, Chloé Sarnowski, Fariba Ahmadizar, Lawrence F Bielak, Anneke Blokstra, Erwin P Bottinger, Layal Chaker, Yii-Der I Chen, Ye Chen, Paul S De Vries, Tariq Faquih, Mohsen Ghanbari, Valborg Gudmundsdottir, Xiuqing Guo, Natalie R Hasbani, Dorina Ibi, M Arfan Ikram, Maryam Kavousi, Hampton L Leonard, Aaron Leong, Josep M Mercader, Alanna C Morrison, Girish N Nadkarni, Mike A Nalls, Raymond Noordam, Michael Preuss, Jennifer A Smith, Stella Trompet, Petra Vissink, Jie Yao, Wei Zhao, Eric Boerwinkle, Mark O Goodarzi, Vilmundur Gudnason, J Wouter Jukema, Sharon L R Kardia, Ruth J F Loos, Ching-Ti Liu, Alisa K Manning, Dennis Mook-Kanamori, James S Pankow, H Susan J Picavet, Naveed Sattar, Eleanor M Simonsick, W M Monique Verschuren, Ko Willems Van Dijk, Jose C Florez, Jerome I Rotter, James B Meigs, Josée Dupuis, Miriam S Udler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has heterogeneous patient clinical characteristics and outcomes. In previous work, we investigated the genetic basis of this heterogeneity by clustering 94 T2D genetic loci using their associations with 47 diabetes-related traits and identified five clusters, termed β-cell, proinsulin, obesity, lipodystrophy, and liver/lipid. The relationship between these clusters and individual-level metabolic disease outcomes has not been assessed.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Here we constructed individual-level partitioned polygenic scores (pPS) for these five clusters in 12 studies from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank (n = 454,193) …

Information Trust And Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Amongst Middle-Aged And Older Adults In Singapore: A Latent Class Analysis Approach, Micah Tan, Paulin Tay Straughan, Grace Cheong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Rationale: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy presents significant challenges for public health. Objective: Vaccine hesitancy among middle-aged and older adults has been a significant barrier in Singapore’s battle against COVID-19. We hypothesize that the trust middle-aged and older adults place in various sources of information influences vaccine hesitancy, and that distinct typologies of trust can be identified to better inform targeted health communication efforts. Method: Data from a nationally representative panel survey of Singaporeans aged 56–75 (N = 6094) was utilized. Modules fielded in August and November 2020, and June 2021 were analyzed, assessing social networks, trust in sources of information, and …

Prospective Telehealth Analysis Of Functional Performance, Frailty, Quality Of Life, And Mental Health After Covid-19 Hospitalization, Jacob J. Capin, Melissa P. Wilson, Kristine Hare, Swati Vempati, Carley E. Little, Donna Mcgregor, Jose Castillo-Mancilla, Jennifer E. Stevens-Lapsley, Sarah Jolley, Kristine M. Erlandson

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

COVID-19 is a global pandemic with poorly understood long-term consequences. Determining the trajectory of recovery following COVID-19 hospitalization is critical for prioritizing care, allocating resources, facilitating prognosis, and informing rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate recovery following COVID-19 hospitalization.

Methods

Participants age 18 years or older who were hospitalized for ≥24 h due to COVID-19 completed phone/video call virtual assessments (including the 10-time chair rise test) and survey forms at three time points (2–6, 12, and 18 weeks) after hospital discharge. Univariate logistic and linear regression models assessed the associations of the outcomes with primary …

An Intergenerational Playgroup In An Australian Residential Aged-Care Setting: A Qualitative Case Study, Gabrielle B. Rosa Hernandez, Carolyn M. Murray, Mandy Stanley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Intergenerational programs are emerging within the aged-care context as they provide a unique opportunity for older adults living with or without cognitive impairments to connect with children. One type of intergenerational program is an ‘intergenerational playgroup’ which creates opportunities for children to develop their skills, parents to create a local peer support network and provides older adults at risk of isolation with vital community interaction. The objective of this research was to evaluate an intergenerational playgroup taking place weekly within a residential aged-care setting. A qualitative case study research design was used to perform five observation sessions and semi-structured in-depth …

Addressing The Disparities In Dementia Risk, Early Detection And Care In Latino Populations: Highlights From The Second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium, Yakeel T. Quiroz, Michele Solis, María P. Aranda, Alicia I. Arbaje, Mirna Arroyo-Miranda, Laura Y. Cabrera, Minerva Maria Carrasquillo, Maria M. Corrada, Gladys E. Maestre, Rosa V. Pirela

School of Medicine Publications

The Alzheimer's Association hosted the second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium in May 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the meeting was held online over 2 days, with virtual presentations, discussions, mentoring sessions, and posters. The Latino population in the United States is projected to have the steepest increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the next 40 years, compared to other ethnic groups. Latinos have increased risk for AD and other dementias, limited access to quality care, and are severely underrepresented in AD and dementia research and clinical trials. The symposium highlighted developments in AD research with Latino populations, including advances …

Catastrophic Perforation In Streptococcus Pneumoniae Aortitis: Complications Of Infective Endocarditis In The Current Antimicrobial Era, Sana Shaikh, Jorge Isaac Peña Garcia, Michelle Shieh, Alexandre Lacasse

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Infectious aortitis is an uncommon but life-threatening cause of aortitis. Given the lack of specific symptoms, establishing the diagnosis is often a challenge. When it is associated with an endovascular infection, such as infective endocarditis, blood cultures may be diagnostic although often limited by low positive predictive value. Imaging studies may reveal characteristic findings, with computerized tomography angiography being the most sensitive. Management includes prompt initiation of antimicrobial therapy followed by surgical intervention, keeping in mind that operative mortality is high due to weakened arterial wall integrity. Here we describe a 25-year-old woman without relevant medical history, who presented to …

Qualitative/Covid Journals, Judy Schmitt

Library Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Clinical Geography: A Commentary Response, Jessica M. Finlay, Graham D. Rowles

Graduate Center for Gerontology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Clinical Outcomes For Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia Are Worse In Those With A History Of Stroke, Pradeepthi Badugu, Dilip Kc, Bibodh Jung Karki, Mahder A. Tella, Vidyulata Salunkhe

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Stroke is one of the most prevalent neurological diseases in the United States. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of infections in survivors of stroke. There is limited research evaluating the clinical outcomes of CAP in patients with stroke. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with CAP and a history of stroke.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the University of Louisville Pneumonia Study database. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a history of stroke. Clinical outcomes were length of …

The Remote Assessment And Dynamic Response Program: Development Of An In-Home Dementia-Related Care Needs Assessment To Improve Well-Being, Lindsey M. Miller, Diane N. Solomon, Carol J. Whitlatch, Shirin O, Hiatt, Chao-Yi Wu, Christina Reynolds, Wan-Tai Michael Au-Yueng, Jeffrey Kaye, Joel Steele

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background and Objectives

The Remote Assessment and Dynamic Response (READyR) Program was developed in order to address the current lack of early-stage dementia care planning programs that assess the care needs of persons with dementia. The goal was to create a program informed by care values and ongoing ecologically valid data. The objectives of this study are to describe the development and design process of the READyR Program, and to evaluate the utility of the READyR Program for identifying dementia-related care needs.

Research Design and Methods

A prototype of the web-based READyR Program tool was first created using digital activity …

African-American Lay Pastoral Care Facilitators’ Perspectives On Dementia Caregiver Education And Training, Nik M. Lampe, Nidhi Desai, Tomeka Norton-Brown, Alexandra C. H. Nowakowski, Robert L. Glueckauf

The Qualitative Report

The African-American Alzheimer’s Caregiver Training and Support Project 2 (ACTS 2) is a faith-integrated, skills-training and support program for distressed African American family caregivers of persons living with dementia across Florida. Caregivers participate in a 12-week, telephone-based, skills-building and support program led by faith community workers (i.e., lay pastoral care facilitators) who provide volunteer services to their denominations. In this case study, we examined facilitators’ perspectives and recommendations for supplementary audiovisual and written training materials to optimize group process and goal-setting skills. Utilizing a qualitative approach, we explored facilitators’ needs, experiences in using current training materials, and recommendations for supplementary …

Cognitive Reserve And Mild Cognitive Impairment, Maryam Iraniparast, Yidan Shi, Ying Wu, Leilei Zeng, Colleen J. Maxwell, Richard J. Kryscio, Philip D. St. John, Karen S. Santacruz, Suzanne L. Tyas

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives Little is known about the effect of education or other indicators of cognitive reserve on the rate of reversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to normal cognition (NC) or the relative rate (RR) of reversion from MCI to NC vs progression from MCI to dementia. Our objectives were to (1) estimate transition rates from MCI to NC and dementia and (2) determine the effect of age, APOE, and indicators of cognitive reserve on the RR of reversion vs progression using multistate Markov modeling.

Methods We estimated instantaneous transition rates between NC, MCI, and dementia after accounting …

Effects Of Nonpharmacological Interventions On Disruptive Vocalisation In Nursing Home Patients With Dementia-A Systematic Review, Saad Bilal Ahmed, Alfredo Obieta, Tamsin Santos, Saara Ahmad Muddasir, Joseph Elliot Ibrahim

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Vocally disruptive behaviour is a common and difficult to treat condition in older residents with dementia. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of nonpharmacological interventions in its management in persons with dementia residing in a nursing home.
Methodology: A systematic search was conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases and reference lists from relevant publications on various nonpharmacological approaches to manage vocally disruptive behaviour in nursing home residents. The method of appraisal was through the National Institutes of Health scoring for the Quality Assessment of controlled intervention studies. Inclusion criteria included residents of …

Older Adults' Perceptions Of Government Handling Of Covid-19: Predictors Of Protective Behaviors From Lockdown To Post-Lockdown, Savannah Kiah Hui Siew, Jonathan Louis Chia, Rathi Mahendran, Junhong Yu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Background: Distrust, and more broadly, public perception of government's handling of a crisis, has been a widely studied topic within health crisis research and suggests that these perceptions are significantly associated with the behavior of its citizens. Purpose: To understand which aspects of the public's perception of government handling of the COVID-19 pandemic predicted engagement of protective behaviors among older adults, who are the most vulnerable to COVID-19.Methods: Participants were recruited from an ongoing biopsychosocial study on aging amongst community-dwelling older adults. There were two rounds of data collection, during the national lockdown and post-lockdown. The average length of follow-up …

Nurse Practitioners' Adjustment To The Hospitalist Position: A Grounded Theory Study, Donna Tanzi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Hospital based medicine is the fastest growing medical specialty in the United States. While most hospitalists are internal medicine residency graduates, most of these new internal medicine medical graduates are choosing not to enter hospital medicine, resulting in a growing hospitalist workforce shortage. To fill this staffing gap, nurse practitioners (NPs), some with no previous NP experience, are assuming hospitalist positions. As more NPs assume hospitalist positions, they face challenges adapting to the prevailing physician-based hospitalist model, such as attaining requisite medical knowledge and skills and establishing credibility and rapport with other care team members. Through a series of semi-structured …