Digital Commons Network^™

Attitudes Of Developing World Physicians To Where Medical Research Is Performed And Reported, John Page, Richard F. Heller, Scott Kinlay, Lynette Lim, Wang Qian, Zheng Suping, Supornchai Kongpatanakul, Murtaza Akhtar, Salah Khedr, William Macharia

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Little is known about the influence of the site of research or publication on the impact of the research findings on clinical practice, particularly in developing countries. The International Clinical Epidemiology Network (INCLEN) is dedicated to improving the quality of health research in the Developing World through institutional capacity building for evidence based medicine, and provided the opportunity to examine the likely impact of research location and journal location on physicians' practice in a number of the participating countries.

Methods: Physicians from secondary and tertiary hospitals in six cities located in China, Thailand, India, Egypt and Kenya were enrolled …

Health Professions Division Catalog 2003-2004, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Aids, Orphans, And Development In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review Of The Dilemma Of Public Health And Development, Joe Lugalla

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

HIV/AIDS is having devastating consequences on families, young children, and other vulnerable social groups. In this paper, I review the impact of HIV/AIDS on families and development in sub-Saharan Africa. I begin by showing the magnitude of the problem and the factors that have led to rapid spread of HIV/AIDS in this sub-continent. I discuss gender inequality, poverty, social inequality, and globalization, and show how these facilitate the rapid spread of the epidemic. I show how AIDS is creating a mass of orphans on the one hand, and how it is impacting development and creating new public health contradictions on …

Creating Art Psychotherapy Training In Australia, John Henzell

'INSCAPE' - ARTCAP November 13-16, 2003

No abstract provided.

Evidence-Based Development Of Health And Family Planning Programs In Bangladesh And Ghana, James F. Phillips, Tanya C. Jones, Frank K. Nyonator, Shruti Ravikumar

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper describes two initiatives that have used experimental studies to guide the development of community-based health and family planning programs. In Bangladesh and Ghana, factorial experiments were implemented in stages. An exploratory phase developed a service system for community-based health care; an experimental phase assessed the demographic impact of the system; a replication phase examined the transferability of the experimental program to a non-research setting; and a scaling-up phase facilitated the extension of the new system to the national health care program. All stages were guided by research, with questions, mechanisms, and outcomes shifting as the process developed. Large-scale …

The Feasibility Of Computer-Assisted Survey Interviewing In Africa: Experience From Two Rural Districts In Kenya, Paul C. Hewett, Annabel Erulkar, Barbara Mensch

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper explores the use of an audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (audio-CASI) methodology in a household survey of adolescents in two districts of Kenya. Computer software was developed as part of a research project comparing audio-CASI with traditional methods of interviewing about sensitive behaviors, including sexual initiation, risky sexual behavior, coerced sex, and drug and alcohol use. The paper describes the experience of carrying out a household-based study using computers and explores the technical challenges faced by the data collection teams. Few problems emerged with the computer hardware and software, despite the difficult interviewing conditions. The adolescent respondents easily adapted to …

Condom Use And Abstinence Among Unmarried Young People In Zimbabwe: Which Strategy, Whose Agenda?, Ravai Marindo, Steve Pearson, John B. Casterline

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This paper compares the views about abstinence and condom use expressed by young people in Zimbabwe in focus-group discussions with the views underlying national policies and religious and traditional beliefs. Young people’s decisions to adopt one or the other of these risk-reduction strategies may not necessarily indicate genuine individual choices, but rather their deference to adults’ interests as they understand those interests. Policymakers and traditional and Christian leaders promote abstinence as the exclusive strategy for all young people, whereas nongovernmental organizations and the private sector promote condom use. Evidence from the focus-group discussions indicates that adolescents are aware of this …

Table Of Contents

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses, Jeffery A. Goad, J Nguyen

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) viruses are diverse and include arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, filoviruses, and flaviviruses. Lassa fever, South American hemorrhagic fever (HF), Rift Valley HF, Crimean-Congo HF, Ebola, Marburg, yellow fever, and dengue fever are well known examples of the hemorrhagic fever viruses. They are often difficult to diagnose and treat resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Transmission varies from vector borne to person-to-person. The common clinical presentation includes fever, myalgia, microvascular damage, and hemorrahage as well as a history of travel to the tropics. If VHF is suspected, strict infection control procedures must be implemented to prevent the spread of …

Testing A Model For The Delivery Of Emergency Obstetric Care And Family Planning Services In The Bolivian Public Health System, Deborah L. Billings, Eliana Del Pozo, Hugo Arevalo

Reproductive Health

Unsafe abortion is a serious public health problem in Bolivia, accounting for up to 25 percent of maternal mortality. Postabortion care (PAC) was recognized as a priority public health action in Bolivia in 1994 and the operations research project summarized in this report was undertaken at the request of the Ministry of Health to help guide the improvement of PAC services in the country’s revised health plan. Improvements were made in the following areas: informing women of their health status after the uterine evacuation procedure; elements of the procedure itself (instrument to be used, pain control, possible risks); and informing …

Wyoming Agrability Project, Sarah M. Freeburn

Occupational Therapy Capstones

No abstract provided.

Short-Term Effects Of Ambient Particles On Mortality In The Elderly: Results From 28 Cities In The Aphea2 Project, E. Aga, E. Samoli, G. Touloumi, K. Katsouyanni, H.R. Anderson, E. Cadum, B. Forsberg, Patrick J. Goodman, A. Goren, F. Kotesovec, B. Kriz, M. Macarol-Hiti, S. Medina, A. Paldy, C. Schindler, J. Sunyer, P. Tittanen, B. Wojtyniak, D. Zmirou, J. Schwartz

Articles

ABSTRACT: Within the framework of the APHEA2 (Air Pollution on Health: a European Approach) project, the effects of ambient particles on mortality among persons o65 yrs were investigated. Daily measurements for particles with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm (PM10) and black smoke (BS), as well as the daily number of deaths among persons o65 yrs of age, from 29 European cities, have been collected. Data on other pollutants and meteorological variables, to adjust for confounding effects and data on city characteristics, to investigate potential effect modification, were also recorded. For individual city analysis, generalised additive models extending …

Hepatitis C, Quality Of Life And Cognitive Function : An Exploratory Study, John Caithness

Theses : Honours

Active chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is a viral infection that affects approximately 150,000 Austra1ians. It has various quality of life impacts and the literature suggests some cognitive ramifications. In this Western Australian exploratory study, 13 healthy students from Edith Cowan University made up a control group. One experimental group consisted of 11 people with CHC and mild liver damage, and a second experimental group consisted of 8 people with CHC and at least moderate liver damage. The participants were assessed with a health-related quality of life questionnaire, the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36); a test of cognitive functioning, the …

An Ethnographic Investigation Of The Relevance Of Shop Floor Culture To Effective Safety Communication In An Australian Minerals Refinery, David R. Leith

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Many organisations which aim to achieve excellent workplace safety choose 'culture change' as the means to achieve this. They make use of employee communication media to help re-form the values, beliefs, norms and behaviours which are generally thought to comprise culture. However, culture is a complex and profound phenomenon. Successful communication between two culturally separate groups requires each to achieve an understanding of the other, no less so in workplaces than in societies composed of different cultures.Yet even employers who believe in communicating fully with their workforces find it difficult to convey viewpoints other than their own. Their communication tends …

Developing Risk Assessment Maps For Schistosoma Haematobium In Kenya Based On Climate Grids And Remotely Sensed Data, Kelsey Lee Mcnally

LSU Master's Theses

It is important to be able to predict the potential spread of water borne diseases when building dams or redirecting rivers. This study was designed to test whether the use of a growing degree day (GDD) climate model and remotely sensed data (RS) within a geographic information system (GIS), could be used to predict both the distribution and severity of Schistosoma haematobium. Growing degree days are defined as the number of degrees centigrade over the minimum temperature required for development. The base temperature and the number of GDD required to complete one generation varies for each species. A monthly climate …

Ipr : Pharmaceuticals, Rupa Chanda

IIMB Management Review

In the introductory panel of the Conference on IPR, the speakers included S Chandrasekaran, Deputy Controller of Patents & Designs, Govt of India; M D Nair, Consultant to the Pharmaceutical Industry, Chennai; P P Prabhu, former Commerce Secretary, Government of India; K Raghavendra Rao, MD, Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals and Jayashree Watal, Consultant to the WTO Secretariat. S Chandrasekaran clarified what constitutes intellectual property, what a patent is, and how an invention may qualify for a patent.He pointed out that as a participant in the TRIPS Agreement, India is obliged to modify her statutes to make her IPR regime TRIPS …

Expanding Health Coverage For The Uninsured: Fundamentals Of The Tax Credit Option, Beth Fuchs, Julie James

National Health Policy Forum

This paper seeks to provide the basics for understanding the current debate over tax credits as a vehicle for reducing the number of uninsured Americans and focuses attention on some of the associated issues: How is health insurance treated under current tax law? Why tax credits and not deductions? What are the major issues in designing tax credits? Who should be eligible and for what size credit? What changes, if any, would be needed to the insurance market to ensure that policies are available and affordable for people eligible for tax credits? What are the major issues related to administering …

Ada News - 08/19/2002, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Estimating Population Numbers Of Black Bears (Ursus Americanus) In Eastern Kentucky Using Microsatellite Analysis, Kelly Vowels

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Black bears (Ursus americanus) occur sporadically in eastern Kentucky, and there is some evidence that a breeding population exists. In order to establish management practices to enhance the black bear population in Kentucky, information about this population is needed. However, until recently, no population size estimate has been available. Gathering information on black bears is difficult because black bears are elusive animals. The development of new molecular methods has made it easier to track and gather information on black bear populations, including estimates of population size. Molecular markers are particularly useful in that they do not require physical contact with …

Flight Physician - August, 2002, Civil Aviation Medical Association

Browse all Civil Aviation Medical Association Newsletters

A sixteen page newsletter of the Civil Aviation Medical Association. The newsletter provided news about civil aviation medicine and information related to the organization.

Challenges, Strategies, And Tools For Research Scientists: Using Web-Based Information Resources, Danielle Bodrero Hoggan

E-JASL: Electronic Journal of Academic and Special Librarianship (1999-2009, Volumes 1-10)

Scientists face many challenges in harnessing web-based resources. Information overload, misinformation, fees, poorly designed navigation, and loss of browsability all hamper the scientist searcher. In addition, many scientists rely on only one or two databases and often miss unique information that is available through other sources. Librarians can team up with scientists to develop strategies to overcome the challenges of web-based information. For example, a librarian can teach effective information seeking techniques, including how to use controlled vocabularies, how to evaluate information on the web, and how to complement web-based resources with print resources. Librarians can also help scientists to …

Reducing Childhood Pedestrian Injuries: Individual Risk Factors (Chapter 3), Katherine Kaufer Christoffel, Lizette Peterson, David Dilillo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Most factors influencing the risk of pedestrian injury for children are based on family considerations or community norms, not on individuals. Nevertheless, individual risk factors should be considered when planning prevention programs (Christoffel, Donovan et al. 1996). The potential importance of individual traits has been extensively studied in the hope of finding a factor that could be modified. Considerations of the individual are important because they largely define the child’s risk of injury, even while walking with others. The causal sequence of a child walking to a particular site at a particular time where he or she is injured is …

Information Interface - Volume 30, Issue 3 - May/June 2002, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Information Interface (1976 - 2009)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.

Residential Radon Exposure And Lung Cancer: Variation In Risk Estimates Using Alternative Exposure Scenarios, R. William Field, Brian J. Smith, Daniel J. Steck, Charles F. Lynch

Physics Faculty Publications

The most direct way to derive risk estimates for residential radon progeny exposure is through epidemiologic studies that examine the association between residential radon exposure and lung cancer. However, the National Research Council concluded that the inconsistency among prior residential radon case-control studies was largely a consequence of errors in radon dosimetry. This paper examines the impact of applying various epidemiologic dosimetry models for radon exposure assessment using a common data set from the Iowa Radon Lung Cancer Study (IRLCS). The IRLCS uniquely combined enhanced dosimetric techniques, individual mobility assessment, and expert histologic review to examine the relationship between cumulative …

2002 - The Seventh Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars

Symposium of Student Scholars Program Books

The full program book from the Seventh Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 5, 2002. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.

Com Outlook Summer 2004, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Ada News - 03/18/2002, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Comparing Bottled Water And Tap Water: Experiments In Risk Communication, Branden B. Johnson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The author discusses results of experiments in risk communication comparing bottled water and tap water.

Improvement In Quantity And Quality Of Prevention Measurement Of Toddler Injuries And Parental Interventions, Lizette Peterson, David Dilillo, Terri Lewis, Kenneth Sher

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Injury is the leading killer of children in the United States, yet little research has focused on this vital subject. One of the distinct barriers to injury prevention is the absence of effective assessment devices. Epidemiological aspects of injury have been assessed, but these provide little information at a level sufficient to allow conclusions about potential behavioral prevention methods. This paper describes an alternative, the Participant Event Monitoring (PEM) system. In this paper, the PEM system is used to examine a sample of 170 toddlers (ages 18 to 36 months), over a 6-month period, resulting in data on over 4,200 …

Constructivist Research Project Needs Assessment Of Rural Drug Court Clients: A Case Study, Patricia Miriam Gomez-Gillard

Theses Digitization Project

This constructivist research project qualitatively assessed the needs of both drug court clients and the treatment team in a rural California community utilizing the "hermeneutic dialectic process."