Digital Commons Network^™

Temporal Trends In Phthalate Exposures: Findings From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2010, Ami R. Zota, Antonia M. Calafat, Tracey J. Woodruff

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background: Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. Because of potential adverse effects on human health, butylbenzyl phthalate [BBzP; metabolite, monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP)], di-n-butyl phthalate [DnBP; metabolite, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP)], and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) are being replaced by substitutes including other phthalates; however, little is known about consequent trends in population-level exposures.

Objective: We examined temporal trends in urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites in the general U.S. population and whether trends vary by sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods: We combined data on 11 phthalate metabolites for 11,071 participants from five cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001–2010). …

New Dentist News (March 2014), Ada Committee On The New Dentist

New Dentist News

New Dentist News offers timely information on scientific, social, educational, political and economic developments affecting new dentists. This collection is historical and items may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA. The New Dentist News was alternately titled ADA Lifeline, 1997-June 2001.

Developing The Value Proposition For The Role Of The Registered Nurse In Care Coordination And Transition Management In Ambulatory Care Settings, Sheila A. Haas, Beth Ann Swan

Department of Nursing papers and presentations

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) established clear provisions for Patient-Centered Medical Homes and Accountable Care Organizations. In both, care coordination and transition management are methods to provide safe, high quality care to at-risk populations such as patients with multiple chronic conditions. The emphasis on care coordination and transition management offers opportunities for nurses to work at their full potential as an integral part of the interprofessional team. Development of a model for the registered nurse in care coordination and transition management provides nurses the opportunity to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be a resource to …

On The Just And Accurate Representation Of Transgender Persons In Research And The Clinic, Alexis Dinno

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Transgender people deserve representation in health research and in the clinic. Unfortunately, the existing literature includes very little about the particular health burdens and risks experienced by transgender people, such as institutional or interpersonal anti-transgender discrimination. While several anti-transgender biases are manifest in the published literature, one deserving particular attention by researchers is that transgender individuals seldom have an opportunity to self-identify as such both because sex and gender are typically collapsed into a single question (e.g. ‘Sex: male or female.’), and because change in the individual’s sex or gender is typically not represented. This talk presents the collaborative efforts …

Developing The Value Proposition For Registered Nurse Care Coordination And Transition Management Role In Ambulatory Care Settings, Sheila A. Haas, Beth Ann Swan

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) established clear provisions for Patient-Centered Medical Homes and Accountable Care Organizations. In both, care coordination and transition management are methods to provide safe, high-quality care to at-risk populations such as patients with multiple chronic conditions. The emphasis on care coordination and transition management offers opportunities for nurses to work at their full potential as an integral part of the interprofessional team. Development of a model for the registered nurse in care coordination and transition manage- ment provides nurses the opportunity to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be a resource to …

Gender-Based Screening For Chlamydial Infection And Divergent Infection Trends In Men And Women, Susan M. Rogers, Charles F. Turner, William C. Miller, Emily Erbelding, Elizabeth Eggleston, Sylvia Tan, Anthony Roman, Marcia Hobbs, James Chromy, Ravikiran Muvva, Laxminarayana Ganapathi

Publications and Research

Objectives: To assess the potential impact of chlamydial screening policy that recommends routine screening of women but not men.

Methods: Population surveys of probability samples of Baltimore adults aged 18 to 35 years in 1997–1998 and 2006–2009 collected biospecimens to estimate trends in undiagnosed chlamydial infection. Survey estimates are compared to surveillance data on diagnosed chlamydial infections reported to the Health Department.

Results: Prevalence of undiagnosed chlamydial infection among men increased from 1.6% to 4.0%, but it declined from 4.3% to 3.1% among women (p = 0.028 for test of interaction). The annual (average) number of diagnosed infections was substantially …

Ontology Driven Model For An Engineered Agile Healthcare System, Balaji Ramadoss

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Healthcare is in urgent need of an effective way to manage the complexity it of its systems and to prepare quickly for immense changes in the economics of healthcare delivery and reimbursement. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) releases policies affecting inpatient and long-term care hospitals policies that directly affect reimbursement and payment rates. One of these policy changes, a quality-reporting program called Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting (IQR), will effect approximately 3,400 acute-care and 440 long-term care hospitals. IQR sets guidelines and measures that will contain financial incentives and penalties based on the quality of care provided. CMS, the …

The Impact Of Geography, Training, And Experience On Scope Of Practice Among Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists, Jennifer Greenwood

Theses and Dissertations

The role of Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) in the delivery of anesthesia care is evolving given the recent recommendations for Institute of Medicine and provisions in the Affordable Care Act. Despite rigorous clinical training and consistent outcomes studies to support quality care given by CRNAs, the scope of practice of nurse anesthetists is frequently limited, and they do not practice to the full extent of their education and training. As health care spending becomes more constrained and demand for anesthesia services rises, the role of nurse anesthetists as more autonomous providers of anesthesia may be required to maintain access …

Strategies To Reduce The Harmful Effects Of Extreme Heat Events: A Four-City Study, Jalonne L. White-Newsome, Sabrina Mccormick, Natalie R. Sampson, Miatta A. Buxton, Marie S. O'Neill, Carina J. Gronlund, Kathryn C. Conlon, Edith A. Parker

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Extreme heat events (EHEs) are becoming more intense, more frequent and longer lasting in the 21st century. These events can disproportionately impact the health of low-income, minority, and urban populations. To better understand heat-related intervention strategies used by four U.S. cities, we conducted 73 semi-structured interviews with government and non-governmental organization leaders representing public health, general social services, emergency management, meteorology, and the environmental planning sectors in Detroit, MI; New York City, NY; Philadelphia, PA and Phoenix, AZ—cities selected for their diverse demographics, climates, and climate adaptation strategies. We identified activities these leaders used to reduce the harmful effects of …

A Community Of Practice: Librarians In A Biomedical Research Network, Danielle P. De Jager-Loftus, David Midyette, Barbara Harvey

Scholarly Papers and Articles

Providing library and reference services within a biomedical research community presents special challenges for librarians, especially those in historically lower-funded states. These challenges can include understanding needs, defining and communicating the library’s role, building relationships, and developing and maintaining general and subject specific knowledge. This article describes a biomedical research network and the work of health sciences librarians at the lead intensive research institution with librarians from primarily undergraduate institutions and tribal colleges and universities. Applying the concept of a “community of practice” to a collaborative effort suggests how librarians can work together to provide effective reference services to researchers …

Managing The Innovation Supply Chain To Maximize Personalized Medicine., Scott A. Waldman, Andre Terzic

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

Personalized medicine epitomizes an evolving model of care tailored to the individual patient. This emerging paradigm harnesses radical technological advances to define each patient's molecular characteristics and decipher his or her unique pathophysiological processes. Translated into individualized algorithms, personalized medicine aims to predict, prevent, and cure disease without producing therapeutic adverse events. Although the transformative power of personalized medicine is generally recognized by physicians, patients, and payers, the complexity of translating discoveries into new modalities that transform health care is less appreciated. We often consider the flow of innovation and technology along a continuum of discovery, development, regulation, and application …

Food Environment And Socioeconomic Status Influence Obesity Rates In Seattle And In Paris, Adam Drewnowski, Anne Vernez Moudon, Junfeng Jiao, Anju Aggarwal, Helene Charreire, Basile Chaix

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

OBJECTIVE: To compare the associations between food environment at the individual level, socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity rates in two cities: Seattle and Paris. METHODS: Analyses of the SOS (Seattle Obesity Study) were based on a representative sample of 1340 adults in metropolitan Seattle and King County. The RECORD (Residential Environment and Coronary Heart Disease) cohort analyses were based on 7131 adults in central Paris and suburbs. Data on sociodemographics, health and weight were obtained from a telephone survey (SOS) and from in-person interviews (RECORD). Both studies collected data on and geocoded home addresses and food shopping locations. Both studies …

Human And Helicobacter Pylori Coevolution Shapes The Risk Of Gastric Disease, Nuri Kodaman, Alvaro Pazos, Barbara G. Schneider, M. Blanca Piazuelo, Robertino Mera, Rafal S. Sobota

Dartmouth Scholarship

Helicobacter pylori is the principal cause of gastric cancer, the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. However, H. pylori prevalence generally does not predict cancer incidence. To determine whether coevolution between host and pathogen influences disease risk, we examined the association between the severity of gastric lesions and patterns of genomic variation in matched human and H. pylori samples. Patients were recruited from two geographically distinct Colombian populations with significantly different incidences of gastric cancer, but virtually identical prevalence of H. pylori infection. All H. pylori isolates contained the genetic signatures of multiple ancestries, with an ancestral African cluster …

Farmers' Market Use Is Associated With Fruit And Vegetable Consumption In Diverse Southern Rural Communities, Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts, Alison A. Gustafson, Qiang Wu, Mariel Leah Mayo, Rachel K. Ward, Jared T. Mcguirt, Ann P. Rafferty, Mandee F. Lancaster, Kelly R. Evenson, Thomas C. Keyserling, Alice S. Ammerman

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background

While farmers’ markets are a potential strategy to increase access to fruits and vegetables in rural areas, more information is needed regarding use of farmers’ markets among rural residents. Thus, this study’s purpose was to examine (1) socio-demographic characteristics of participants; (2) barriers and facilitators to farmers’ market shopping in southern rural communities; and (3) associations between farmers’ market use with fruit and vegetable consumption and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

Cross-sectional surveys were conducted with a purposive sample of farmers’ market customers and a representative sample of primary household food shoppers in eastern North Carolina (NC) and the …

Relationship Between Altitude And Lithium In Groundwater In The United States Of America: Results Of A 1992–2003 Study, Rebekah S. Huber, Namkug Kim, Carl E. Renshaw, Perry F. Renshaw, Douglas Kondo

Dartmouth Scholarship

Therapeutic dosages of lithium are known to reduce suicide rates, which has led to investigations of confounding environmental risk factors for suicide such as lithium in groundwater. It has been speculated that this might play a role in the potential relationship between suicide and altitude. A recent study in Austria involving geospatial analysis of lithium in groundwater and suicide found lower levels of lithium at higher altitudes. Since there is no reason to suspect this correlation is universal given variation in geology, the current study set out to investigate the relationship between altitude and lithium in groundwater in the United …

Meta-Analysis Of Social-Personality Psychological Research, Blair T. Johnson, Alice H. Eagly

CHIP Documents

This publication provides a contemporary treatment of the subject of meta-analysis in relation to social-personality psychology. Meta-analysis literally refers to the statistical pooling of the results of independent studies on a given subject, although in practice it refers as well to other steps of research synthesis, including defining the question under investigation, gathering all available research reports, coding of information about the studies and their effects, and interpretation/dissemination of results. Discussed as well are the hallmarks of high-quality meta-analyses.

Virtual Villages For Aging In Place, Edward F. Ansello

Director's Editorials from Age in Action

The Village concept, first implemented by Beacon Hill Village in Boston, has gained much attention as a model for aging in place. Villages are community-based, self-governing, not for profit organizations whose members pay an annual fee, from several hundred dollars to a thousand or more, to obtain access to an array of services that may assist them to maintain their physical health, keep up their property, manage their resources, continue to grow intellectually and engage socially while remaining part of the community in their homes. At a dozen years in, the Village concept has demonstrated its worth. It seems to …

Lived Experience Of Transitioning To A New Graduate Nurse Following A Prelicensure Hospital-Based Externship Experience, Debra Shipman

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Forty years after Kramer's (1974) seminal work, Reality Shock, new graduate nurses continue to have difficulty transitioning to the registered nurse (RN) role. The purpose of this phenomenological study explores the lived experience of new graduate nurses who completed a Veterans Affairs externship program in their senior year of nursing coursework and its perceived impact on their successful transition into the practice role 3-24 months following graduation. Benner's (1984) Novice-to-Expert Model, Karmer's (1974) Reality Shock Theory, and Selder's (1989) Life Transition Theory support a framework for this study. Twelve telephone interviews were conducted using van Manen's (1990) method for researching …

Perceptions Of Neighborhood Safety And Asthma Among Children And Adolescents In Los Angeles: A Multilevel Analysis, M. Camacho-Rivera, I. Kawachi, G. G. Bennett, S. V. Subramanian

Journal Articles

Background: Research examining the impact of neighborhoods on asthma has shown an increased interest in the role of the psychosocial environment. We examined the associations between various measures of neighborhood safety, individual and family characteristics, and asthma outcomes among children in Los Angeles. Methods: Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze data on 3,114 children across 65 neighborhoods from Wave 1 of the Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (2000 to 2002). Primary caregivers reported asthma outcome and all individual covariates; home environmental characteristics were observed by the interviewer. Results: In fully adjusted models, parents who reported their neighborhood …

Calorie Labeling, Edward F. Ansello

Director's Editorials from Age in Action

As required by the Affordable Care Act, chain restaurants with 20 or more locations in the US will soon have to display calorie information on their menus. Does knowing this information translate to changing our eating behavior and improving our nutritional intake? Will this change affect older adults in a meaningful way? Menu labeling should be viewed as an early approach in governmental policy to address the obesity epidemic.

The Lifelong Learning Institute In Chesterfield: Ten Years Of Growing, Edward F. Ansello, Monica Hughes

Case Studies from Age in Action

Educational Objectives

1. To review changes in patterns of continuing learning and non-traditional education.

2. To profile membership and their interests in lifelong learning.

3. To highlight the development of the Lifelong Learning Institute of Chesterfield as a possible model for replication.

Children's Hospital Association Consensus Statements For Comorbidities Of Childhood Obesity, Elizabeth Estrada, Ihuoma Eneli, Sarah Hampl, Michele L. Mietus-Snyder, Nazrat Mirza, Erinn Rhodes, Brooke Sweeney, Lydia Tinjaero-Deck, Susan J. Woolford, Stephen J. Pont

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background: Childhood obesity and overweight affect approximately 30% of US children. Many of these children have obesity-related comorbidities, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), sleep apnea, psychosocial problems, and others. These children need routine screening and, in many cases, treatment for these conditions. However, because primary care pediatric providers (PCPs) often are underequipped to deal with these comorbidities, they frequently refer these patients to subspecialists. However, as a result of the US pediatric subspecialist shortage and considering that 12.5 million children are obese, access to care by subspecialists is limited. The aim of this …

Working Together For Global Health Goals: The United States Agency For International Development And Faith-Based Organizations, Clydette L. Powell

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

For many years, and before the term “FBO” was used for faith-based organizations, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has supported the work of FBOs in global health and development. The Agency has long recognized the impact of FBOs within that development space, because these organizations are often well positioned to reach the hard-to-reach and to go the last mile because of their strong ties to the community. Moreover, FBOs deliver a substantial percentage of the health services in some developing countries. Faith partners, whether Catholic, Protestant, Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim, or other, have an important role to play …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Tobacco Use And Prostate Cancer Mortality And Incidence In Prospective Cohort Studies, F. Islami, D. M. Moreira, P. Boffetta, S. J. Freedland

Journal Articles

Context: An association between tobacco smoking and prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality was suggested in an earlier meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies in which dose-response associations and risks per unit of tobacco use were not examined. Objective: We investigated the association between several measures of tobacco use and PCa mortality (primary outcome) and incidence (secondary outcome) including dose-response association. Evidence acquisition: Relevant articles from prospective studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases (through January 21, 2014) and reference lists of relevant articles. Combined relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using …

Drivers Of Hospitalization For Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Results From The Outcomes Registry For Better Informed Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation (Orbit-Af), B. A. Steinberg, S. Kim, G. C. Fonarow, L. Thomas, J. Ansell, P. R. Kowey, K. W. Mahaffey, B. J. Gersh, E. Hylek, Informed Outcomes Registry Better, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and contributes significantly to health care expenditures. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of hospitalization in patients with AF. Methods The ORBIT-AF registry is a prospective, observational study of outpatients with AF enrolled from June 29, 2010, to August 9, 2011. The current analysis included 9,484 participants with 1-year follow-up. Multivariable, logistic regression was used to identify baseline characteristics that were associated with first cause-specific hospitalization. Results Overall, 31% of patients with AF studied (n = 2,963) had 1 or more hospitalizations per year and 10% (n = …

Lack Of Concordance Between Empirical Scores And Physician Assessments Of Stroke And Bleeding Risk In Atrial Fibrillation Results From The Outcomes Registry For Better Informed Treatment Of Atrial Fibrillation (Orbit-Af) Registry, B. A. Steinberg, S. Kim, L. Thomas, G. C. Fonarow, E. Hylek, J. Ansell, A. S. Go, P. Chang, P. Kowey, E. D. Peterson, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background-Physicians treating patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) must weigh the benefits of anticoagulation in preventing stroke versus the risk of bleeding. Although empirical models have been developed to predict such risks, the degree to which these coincide with clinicians' estimates is unclear. Methods and Results-We examined 10 094 AF patients enrolled in the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of AF (ORBIT-AF) registry between June 2010 and August 2011. Empirical stroke and bleeding risks were assessed by using the congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >= 75 years, diabetes mellitus, and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (CHADS(2)) and Anticoagulation and …

Community-Campus Partnership Effectiveness For Nursing Faculty Curricula In Rural Virginia, Adriana Myers

VA Engage Journal

Nursing schools state that faculty shortages caused by low faculty salaries are a primary reason for nursing shortages. In a Shenandoah University graduate survey, many nurses wanted to teach but could not leave their higher-paying clinical jobs. Shenandoah University’s Graduate Program in Winchester, VA received funding from the Virginia Health Workforce Development Authority to use rural community-campus partnerships to plan a nursing faculty residency program to increase the number of nursing faculty. The program’s planning partners were economic development, business, academic, and philanthropic organization leaders in seven rural planning districts. Community Based Participatory Research was used to assess the effectiveness …

Strategies Employed By Inner-City Activists To Reduce Alcohol-Related Problems And Advance Social Justice, Laurie Drabble, Denise Herd

Faculty Publications

This study explored strategies employed by activists engaged in efforts to change policies and laws related to selling and promoting alcoholic beverages based on in-depth interviews with 184 social activists in seven U.S. major cities. Nine strategies aimed at improving local conditions and influencing policy were described by activists across regional contexts. Grassroots mobilization was central to all other strategies, which included the creation or enforcement of laws, meeting with elected officials, media advocacy, working with police/law enforcement, education and training, direct action, changing community norms, and negotiating with store owners.

Global Rise In Human Infectious Disease Outbreaks, Katherine F. Smith, Michael Goldberg, Samantha R. Rosenthal, Lynn Carlson, Jane Chen, Cici Chen, Sohini Ramachandran

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Happy 20th Anniversary Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda University Health

Scope

Table of Contents

Outreach

2 | New initiative makes health careers more accessible
4 | Covered California grant enables LLUH to educate community about new law
5 | Delighting in service: tradition of student mission trips through the years
6 | Women’s Conference: Be You – Fit | Smart | Healthy
7 | Live well, age well: making it possible for local seniors

Education

8 | Community service and formal learning come together
9 | Taking the lead on the future of public health
10 | Academic updates: the latest advances in education at LLU

Clinical

11 | NICU celebrates …