Digital Commons Network^™

Spatially Dissecting Drivers Of Inter- And Intra-Tumoral Heterogeneity In Kenyan Breast Cancer, Mustapha Abubakar, Shahin Sayed, Hela Koka, Scott Lawrence, Karun Mutreja, Xing Hua, Petra Lenz, Samuel Anyaso-Samuel, Rosemary Kamau, Beryl Ooro

Pathology, East Africa

Despite growing evidence on the impact of intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) in breast cancer (BC), its biological drivers and clinically relevant mitigation strategies remain poorly characterized, particularly in low-resource settings where spatial profiling is rarely applied. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive, multiplatform spatial profiling study of BC in a Kenyan population. Using the NanoString GeoMx™ Digital Spatial Profiler, we quantified 44 protein markers across 707 spatially defined, PanCK-segmented Areas of Illumination (AOIs) from 31 tumors. All tumors exhibited measurable ITH, with one-third showing marked heterogeneity. Sixteen patients exhibited two or more intrinsic subtypes within their tumors, three of …

Implementation And Evaluation Of The Owll Intervention To Improve The Quality And Safety Of Pediatric Dental Sedation: A Mixed-Methods Approach, Kawtar Zouaidi, Jan Yeager, Sayali Tungare, Suhasini Bangar, Janelle Urata, Alfa-Ibrahim Yansane, Jungsoo Kim, Emily Sedlock, Krishna K Kookal, Yan Xiao, Oluwabunmi Tokede, Heiko Spallek, Amy Franklin, Gregory Olson, Joel White, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Muhammad F Walji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The OWLL (Open-Wide Learning Lab) intervention was developed using Human-Centered Design to improve the quality and safety of pediatric dental sedation. The intervention includes a patient-facing informational sedation brochure and video, and an enhanced set of clinical sedation records. Here, we report on the process evaluation 6 months after implementation in daily clinical practice.

Methods: This study was conducted at the outpatient pediatric dental clinics of 2 large US academic dental institutions. We used a mixed-methods design to assess the fidelity, acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the OWLL intervention. Quantitative data were gathered through chart reviews, while qualitative data …

A Phase-Ii Randomized Controlled Pilot Study Of Nicotinamide Riboside Supplementation In Older Adults With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment, Christopher Martens, Kevin Decker, Theodore Deconne, Faria Sanjana, Fiona Horvat, Nicholas Rizzi, Catherine Awad, Elizabeth Habash, Joshua Hobson, Mary Kramer, Michael Armstrong, Nichole Reisdorph, Ryan Pohlig, Alyssa Lanzi, Curtis Johnson, Matthew Cohen, James Ellison

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Declining nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) may elevate risk of Alzheimer's disease.

METHODS: We conducted a 12-week double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of the NAD+ precursor, nicotinamide riboside (NR), for enhancing cognitive function and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

RESULTS: 42 participants completed the study (NR = 22, placebo = 20). Adherence was similar between groups with no serious adverse effects. Blood NAD+ increased twofold in the NR group. There were no improvements in cognitive function (primary outcome), total CBF, or blood pressure (secondary outcomes). …

Plasma Proteomic Profiles Of Alzheimer's Disease And Neurodegeneration In African Cohorts, Ilaria Pola, Tolulope Akinyemi, Kubra Tan, Oladotun Olalusi, Wiebke Traichel, Giulia Giacomucci, Joseph Yaria, Nesrine Rahmouni, Gabriel Ogunde, Chinedu Momoh

Brain and Mind Institute

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) represents a growing public health burden, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, most studies focus on Non-Hispanic white (NHW) populations from high-income countries. This study investigates plasma proteomic signatures associated with amyloid pathology in African populations. Nigerian older adults from the VALIANT study and participants from a Tanzanian study, with available biomarker quantification in plasma are employed. For proteomic comparison, participants from the Canadian TRIAD cohort are included, capturing a distinct population. Here, we show that multiple proteins are differentially abundant in the plasma of p-tau217-positive individuals and in the different cognitive groups, …

School Of Nursing Newsletter Summer 2026, Southern Adventist University

Southern Nursing - School of Nursing Newsletter

The Summer 2026 issue of the newsletter features information on the Hamilton County Homeland Security emergency preparedness event held in April, an update on the Nursing Simulation Center, the spring RHO IOTA induction ceremony, and mission trip experiences.

Physical Inactivity In Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease: Risk Factor, Early Symptom, Or Both, Jiawei Zhao, Xin Li, Mengxuan Wu, Zhanjun Zhang

Communication Sciences & Disorders Faculty Publications

Physical inactivity is a key modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, emerging evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship where inactivity also serves as an early manifestation of AD pathology. This perspective synthesizes recent findings from long-term epidemiological cohorts, brainstem neuropathology, and digital phenotyping to reconceptualize the role of inactivity in preclinical AD. Early tau accumulation in catecholaminergic nuclei (locus coeruleus and ventral tegmental area) disrupts circuits essential for reward valuation and effort calculation. We hypothesize that this neurobiological failure may manifest as prodromal apathy and declining physical activity years before cognitive impairment. Standard metrics like step counts fail to …

Co-Design And Pilot Testing Of A Nurse-Led Gp-Supported Self-Management Intervention For Breast Cancer Survivors With Cardiovascular Diseases: A Study Protocol, Anu Correya, Jing Yu Tan, Xian Liang Liu, Daniel Bressington, Leah East, Tao Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background/Objectives: Self-management intervention strategies are recommended to address the needs of breast cancer survivors (BCSs) who have cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Despite the benefits, these strategies are often suboptimally implemented, resulting in inadequate cardiovascular management among BCS with CVDs. The project aims to develop a nurse-led and GP-supported self-management (NGPS) intervention to reduce cardiovascular risks in BCS with CVDs and evaluate its feasibility and potential effects in primary care settings using the double diamond co-design process and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions.

Methods: The study will be conducted in two phases. In phase I, …

Muscle–Tumor Crosstalk In Exercise Oncology: Exercise-Induced Myokines And Cancer Cachexia, Amirhossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar, Francesco Bettariga, Álvaro López Llorente, Diego Fernández-Lázaro, Katsuhiko Suzuki, D. Maryama Awang Daud

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Exercise-induced myokines, such as IL-6, irisin, and myostatin, play crucial roles in mediating systemic adaptations and modulating tumor progression. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on how regular moderate-intensity exercise affects the myokine network within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors. Results from the 86 included studies indicate that structured training (aerobic: 45–65% VO2 max; resistance: 45–70% 1RM) enhances the expression of beneficial myokines that support immune surveillance, reduce inflammation, and improve muscle–tumor cross-talk. IL-6 demonstrates a dual modulatory effect on inflammation and immunity; irisin contributes to tumor apoptosis, while myostatin downregulation supports muscle integrity and metabolic balance. Evidence suggests …

Sharksrx Newsletter Summer 2026, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Sharks Rx

No abstract provided.

Challenge-Based Ex Vivo Immune Profiling Reveals Stimulus-Dependent Peripheral Immune Reprogramming In Alzheimer's Disease, C. A. Naranjo-Galvis, Jovanny Zabaleta, Ney Alliey Rodriguez, Luisa Matilde Salamanca-Duque

School of Medicine Publications

Altered immune function is increasingly recognized as a contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, it remains unclear whether peripheral immune alterations reflect constitutive inflammation or stimulus-dependent changes in immune responsiveness. Addressing this distinction is critical for understanding immune dysregulation in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we applied a challenge-based ex vivo immune profiling approach to characterize functional immune responsiveness in patients with AD and in cognitively healthy older adults. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were exposed to defined innate, antigenic, and mitogenic stimuli, and cytokine and β-amyloid (Aβ) responses were quantified in culture supernatants. Diagnosis-by-stimulus interaction effects were assessed using generalized …

Board Exam Preparation Resource Trends In Academic Health Sciences Libraries Serving Colleges Of Osteopathic Medicine Programs., Joanne Muellenbach, Kyle Robinson, Hsin-Liang (Oliver) Chen, Harold S Bright, Lori Fitterling

PCOM Scholarly Works

BACKGROUND: The study seeks to identify the board exam preparation (prep) resources made available to medical students by academic health sciences libraries and other departments within U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine (COM) programs, and the extent to which these resources are utilized by medical students and educators.

METHODS: The study was conducted in two phases. In phase one, forty-two COM library directors were invited to complete a survey regarding their usage, funding, and access models for available board prep resources. In phase two, semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom to explore the library's role in providing access to these resources. …

Nuclear Factor Of Activated T Cells As A Driver Of Tumor Progression And A Target For Precision Therapy, Hira Khan, Khushbakhat Alia, Yusra Al Dhaheri, Muhammad Naseem, Rabah Iratni, Edgar Serfling, Khalid Muhammad

All Works

The Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells (NFAT) family comprises closely related transcription factors. Numerous biological processes including angiogenesis, invasion, migration, proliferation, and cell survival are regulated by the NFAT family. NFATs are overexpressed and have increased transcriptional activity in a variety of human solid tumors and hematological cancers. Beyond tumor cell-intrinsic roles, NFAT has also emerged as an important regulator of the tumor microenvironment (TME), where it can influence immune cell behavior and contribute to mechanisms of immune evasion. The discovery of the multifaceted functions of NFATs has driven the need to further unveil their role in cancer and …

An Examination Of Buprenorphine And Norbuprenorphine Concentrations In Inpatients Receiving Medications For Opioid Use Disorder, Michèle Haykal, Benjamin Li, Andres Avellaneda Ojeda, Roberto Sanchez, Nancy Shenoi, Asim Shah, Nidal Moukaddam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Interpretation of urine buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine concentrations is widely used to assess adherence during treatment for opioid use disorder. However, the relationships between dose, timing of sample collection, and metabolite ratios remain unclear, leading to potential misinterpretation in clinical practice.

Methods: Data were collected from patients on a psychiatry unit who were either inducted on or continued buprenorphine therapy and underwent urine testing for buprenorphine and its metabolite, norbuprenorphine. Urine samples were collected 16 to 786 min after the last buprenorphine dose. Norbuprenorphine-to-buprenorphine ratios were calculated. Data analysis using Python included polynomial regression and random forest models.

Results: Daily …

Reviewing The Perioperative Process For Gastrostomy Tube Care: A Qualitative Study, Douglas J. Fox Iii, Owen N. Ferriola, Allen J. Huang, Nicholas A. Long, Joan C. Bruce, Erin M. Morris, Jeannette M. Joly, Carleen V. Cuevas, Terry Fisher, Kuojen Tsao

Summer Research Program Abstracts

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Vaccine Mandates On Disease Spread: Evidence From College Covid-19 Mandates, Riley K. Acton, Wenjia Cao, Emily E. Cook, Scott A. Imberman, Michael F. Lovenheim

Research Collection School Of Economics

Nearly 700 4-year U.S. colleges mandated students receive COVID-19 vaccinations in fall 2021. Using data on college policies and county health, we estimate how mandates affect surrounding communities. Event studies from August to November 2021 show that mandates covering all colleges in a county reduced COVID-19 deaths by 5.6 per 100,000 persons, a 4.6% reduction in the U.S. total during this period. Mandates reduced COVID cases by 504 and ICU admissions by 16.2 per 100,000, though we see no statistically significant impact on hospitalizations. Impacts are larger in counties with larger college populations and low estimated ex-ante student vaccination rates.

Shsp Dean's Newsletter, Summer 2026, Brian J. Nickerson

SHSP Dean’s Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Plasma And Extracellular Vesicle–Enriched Protein Profiles In Chronic Rhinosinusitis, Aryana Amin, Rutviben P. Shah Bds, Dhvani Parikh Mph, Niki Mirhosseini Bs, Baharan Fekry Phd, Donyea L. Moore, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia Md, Phd

Summer Research Program Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Feeding Trajectories In High-Risk Nicu Infants: A Quality Improvement Initiative, Saachi Singal, Amirali Tahanan Ms, Manouchehr Hessabi Md, Mph, Sepideh Saroukhani Md, Phd, Chiamaka Aneji Md, Jaclyn Ruggiero Md, Elizabeth Sabroske Do, Mba

Summer Research Program Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Patient Perspectives On Psychiatric Polygenic Risk Scores In Reproductive Decision-Making And Polygenic Embryo Screening., Lauren A Ginn, Amanda R Merner, Page M Trotter, Kaitlynn P Craig, Abigail C Martinez, Ana Lucía Battaglino, Dorit Barlevy, Daphne M Ayton, Takahiro Soda, Eric A Storch, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Stacey Pereira

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) estimate individuals' genetic risk for developing multifactorial conditions. Recent genome-wide association studies have enabled development of psychiatric PRS, which hold potential to streamline diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric conditions. As individuals with mental illness often identify concern about passing on psychiatric conditions as a key factor in family planning, some may also seek to use psychiatric PRS in reproductive decisions like childbearing or embryo selection for in vitro fertilization. Despite calls for increased regulation, there remains no clinical consensus on the utility of psychiatric PRS in reproductive contexts. Therefore, we conducted semi-structured interviews of adults with …

Clinical Features And Dental Pathologies In Maxillary Sinus Fungal Balls And Odontogenic Sinusitis, Eunice Im, Lane Donaldson, Avraham Adelman, Nithin D Adappa, Yi-Wei Chen, Nikita Chapurin, Jennifer E Douglas, Glen E D'Souza, Jacob Eide, Maria Espinosa, Chia-Hsiang Fu, Meha G Fox, Rohit Garg, Edward C Kuan, Michael A Kohanski, Marta Kwiatkowska, Kevin Li, Derek H Liu, Tran Bao Locke, Chih-Feng Lin, Chadi Makary, Alice Ottavi, Peter Papagiannopoulos, James N Palmer, Charles C L Tong, Bobby A Tajudeen, Sanjena Venkatesh, Kimberly Wei, Frederick Yoo, Alison J Yu, Jun Jin, Alberto M Saibene, John R Craig

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: While maxillary sinus fungal balls (MSFB) can be associated with odontogenic conditions (MSFBO), MSFBO clinical and dental features have not been compared to odontogenic sinusitis (ODS). This multicenter study aimed to compare characteristics of MSFB, MSFBO, and ODS.

Methods: A multicenter international retrospective cohort study was conducted on adults with MSFBs and ODS who underwent sinus surgery. First in MSFBs, it was determined whether different dental conditions were more likely in FB versus non-FB sides. Second, clinical features and dental pathologies were compared between MSFBO and ODS. For analyses, dental conditions were considered individually and as two groups: infectious …

A Nationwide Central Diagnosis For Pediatric Cns Tumors In Japan: The Jccg Brain Tumor And Pathology Committees, Yoshiko Nakano, Junko Hirato, Takako Yoshioka, Tetsuya Takimoto, Sumihito Nobusawa, Kaishi Satomi, Ran Tomomasa, Seiji Yamada, Taku Homma, Shoh Sasaki, Ayako Yamazaki, Maki Sakaguchi, Yasuhide Takeuchi, Nei Fukazawa, Kai Yamasaki, Kohei Fukuoka, Yui Shinohara Kimura, Yuki Nagayama, Yohei Inoue, Akira Miyahira, Ema Yoshioka, Asako Katsuma, Hayato Fukusumi, Tomoko Shofuda, Yuko Hibiya, Yuko Matsushita, Mai Honda Kitahara, Yuki Yomoda, Miho Kato, Michael D Taylor, Yasuhito Arai, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Hiroaki Sakamoto, Keita Terashima, Yoshiki Arakawa, Toshihiro Kumabe, Ryo Nishikawa, Junichi Hara, Yonehiro Kanemura, Koichi Ichimura

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In 2016, the Japan Children's Cancer Group launched a nationwide research initiative to provide central diagnosis incorporating pathology review and molecular profiling for pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Over the first eight years, 2224 cases were registered. Non-next-generation sequencing analyzes, such as pyrosequencing and NanoString, were routinely performed, mainly for glioma, medulloblastoma, and ependymoma. Additional analyzes, including methylation profiling and RNA sequencing, were conducted for selected diagnostically challenging cases. The most common diagnoses were low-grade glioma (26%), medulloblastoma (18%), germ cell tumor (16%), high-grade glioma (12%), and ependymoma (11%). Diagnostic or targetable alterations were detected in nearly half of …

Transoral Endoscopic Stapled Diverticulotomy For Pediatric Esophageal Diverticulum: A Case Report, Nadeen Alturki, Huma Quraishi, Keith A. Kuenzler

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction

Case presentation

Quality Improvement Project To Reduce Wait Time For Pediatric Gastrointestinal Procedures., Jennifer Colombo, Nicholas Clark, Laura E. Shroyer, Dustin J. Hahn, Jonathan Patterson, Kenneth Sam

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Delays in care can lead to poor health outcomes and suboptimal patient and family experiences. We aimed to reduce the average wait time for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures (procedure request to procedure completion) from 145 to 15 days (a 90% reduction) within 4 months (November 2023 to March 2024).

METHODS: A3 problem-solving methodology was used. The primary intervention was a multiday, multidisciplinary improvement workshop. Outcome measures included (1) procedure request date to procedure completion date, and (2) favorable patient satisfaction score for timeliness of access to care. Process measures included (1) procedure request date to date procedure scheduled by staff, …

Clinical Ethics Training Needs Among Pediatricians And Pediatric Residents In Ethiopia: Conference-Based Cross-Sectional Survey., Betelehem Kassa, Addishiwot Melesse, Eyob Kebede Etissa, Bitseat W. Haile, Atnafu Mekonnen Tekleab, Stephanie Kukora

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Pediatricians encounter ethically challenging cases in clinical practice throughout the world. In Ethiopia, ethically distressing pediatric cases are heightened by limited resources, lack of ethical frameworks to guide clinical care and withdrawal of supportive therapies, absence of child protection laws, and dearth of trained ethics consultants or institutional ethics committees providing clinical ethics consultation. Ethics training remains limited in undergraduate medical programs and absent in the resident curriculum at most institutions.

METHODS: A survey of Pediatric Residents and Pediatricians attending the Ethiopian Pediatric Society's 24th Annual Conference on March 2023 was conducted using a self-administered, clinical ethics needs assessment. …

Not Just A Pediatric Condition: Down Syndrome Across The Lifespan., Emily Haury, Jacqueline Kitchen, Brenda Rogers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

With increasing life expectancy for individuals with Down Syndrome (DS), there are growing numbers of adult DS patients needing care from primary care physicians who are knowledgeable regarding their health needs and risks. The Global Down Syndrome Foundation (GDSF) Medical Care Guidelines for Adults with Down Syndrome identify important areas of focus: mental health, dementia, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, osteoporosis, atlantoaxial instability, hypothyroidism and celiac disease. Additionally, there are unique considerations regarding cancer risk and screenings, as well as vaccination. Young adults with DS should have a structured transition from pediatric to adult care like any patient with chronic illness …

Extending The Fundamental Theorem Of Biomedical Informatics For The Ai Era, Philip R O Payne, Jonathan H Chen, Christopher A Longhurst

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Charles Friedman's Fundamental Theorem of Biomedical Informatics holds that a person working in partnership with an information resource outperforms that same person unassisted. Since its publication, advances in artificial intelligence (AI), adaptive learning systems, and large-scale data infrastructures have transformed the biomedical ecosystem, extending informatics beyond clinical care into domains such as public health, consumer health, translational science, and the broader life sciences. Such expansion has further underscored the importance of the Fundamental Theorem while also elucidating ways it can be expanded to meet current needs.

OBJECTIVE: To reassess and extend the Fundamental Theorem for the AI era in …

Diversity And Inclusivity In Australian Dementia Prevention Research: A Mixed Methods Review, Olivia E. Giameos, Maddison L. Mellow, Diana Karamacoska, Aaron Davis, Paul A. Gardiner, Eddy Roccati, Kaarin J. Anstey, Nicolas Cherbuin, Jessica M. Adsett, Nikki Anne Wilson, Kylie Radford, Louise Lavrencic, Perminder S. Sachdev, Simone Reppermund, Suraj Samtani, Annabel P. Matison, Zara A. Page, Philip J. Batterham, Sophie C. Andrews, Alex Bahar-Fuchs, Michelle K. Lupton, Andrew Pipingas, Adrienne Withall, Belinda M. Brown, Helen Macpherson, Hannah A.D. Keage, Britt Burton, James C. Vickers, David W. Dunstan, Ashleigh E. Smith

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Minoritized communities are disproportionately impacted by modifiable dementia risk factors but are underrepresented in dementia research globally. In Australia, the number of dementia prevention cohort and intervention studies has rapidly increased in the past two decades, yet the representation of minoritized groups has not been synthesized. The aims of this mixed-methods review were to summarize the demographic characteristics of participants involved in Australian dementia prevention-focused cohort and intervention studies. A systematic search of published literature, funded grant outcomes, and clinical trial registrations was conducted in October 2023 and updated in February 2025 to identify any Australia-based cohort or intervention studies …

Healthcare Professionals’ Experiences And Perspectives On Self-Management Education For Breast Cancer Survivors In Australian Primary Care: A Qualitative Study, Meng Yuan Li, Tao Wang, Daniel Terry, Haiying Wang, Isabella Zhao, Jing Yu Tan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Breast cancer has been recognised as a chronic condition, with survivors experiencing long-term physical and psychosocial effects following treatment. Supporting breast cancer survivors to self-manage their health can optimise health-related quality of life and reduce symptom burden. Self-management education (SME) has been advocated at the policy and programme level in Australian primary care, but its uptake is often limited. This study explores healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) experiences and perceptions of SME in primary care, aiming to identify factors influencing its implementation and to support survivorship care for breast cancer survivors in Australia.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was adopted involving …

The Moderating Effect Of Dietary Fiber And Protein On The Relationship Between Symptoms Of Depression And Anxiety And Cognitive Decline, Samantha L. Gardener, Hilal Salim Said Al Shamsi, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Colin L. Masters, Ralph N. Martins, W. M.A.D. Binosha Fernando

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Depression and anxiety often co-occur with Alzheimer's disease, exacerbating the associated cognitive impairment. This study examined moderating effects of dietary protein and fiber intake on relationships between depressive and anxiety symptoms, and cognitive decline.

Methods: Cognitively unimpaired (n = 553; 39.4% male, 70.6 ± 9.6 years) provided baseline fiber and protein intake, and had repeated cognitive testing and symptoms of depression/anxiety measured (baseline and up to eight follow-ups over 144 months). Moderation and simple slope analyses were employed in the cohort as a whole and following stratification by sex.

Results: Fiber intake moderated the relationship between change in depressive …

Use Of The Bethesda System For Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology In Thyroid Nodules Incoordination To The Appropriate Surgical Intervention, Rusul Abid Kareem, Basim Rassam Ghadhban

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

Background: The thyroid nodule refers to an abnormal growth of thyroid cells. Although the vast majority of thyroid nodules are benign, a small proportion of thyroid nodules are malignant. In order to diagnose and treat malignant thyroid nodules at the earliest stage, most of them need radiological and cytological evaluation. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) using The Bethesda System for reporting thyroid cytopathology.Aim of study: To evaluate the significance of the Bethesda classification in detecting malignant thyroid nodule and relate the appropriate surgical intervention accordingly.Methods: prospective, case control study was conducted in Baghdad teaching hospital, 2nd floor. from 1st of December 2021 …