Digital Commons Network^™

Restoration Of Circadian Behavior By Anterior Hypothalamic Heterografts, Patricia J. Sollars, Daniel P. Kimble, Gary E. Pickard

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus (AH) is a circadian oscillator and an important component of the mammalian circadian system. To determine whether the SCN is the dominant circadian pacemaker responsible for generating a species-typical characteristic of circadian rhythms [i.e., period length (T)], neural transplantation was conducted using fetal AH donors of different species and SCN-lesioned (SCNx) hosts. The circadian behavior of each of the three donor species is clearly distinguishable by its species-typical T. The extent of SCN pacemaker autonomy was assessed by noting whether the period of the restored circadian rhythm following heterograft transplantation was characteristic …

The Induction Of Oestrus And Ovulation By Gonadotropin Hormone In Postweaning Anestrus Or Delayed Oestrus Sows And Anestrus Gilts(การเหนี่ยวนำการเป็นสัดและการตกไข่ในแม่สุกรที่ไม่เป็นสัดหรือเป็นสัดช้าหลังหย่านมและสุกรสาวที่ไม่เป็นสัดด้วยฮอร์โมนโกนาโดโทรปิน), Duangjai Punarriwatana, Chuanphis Phongsuraphunt, Chesta Pulpakdee, Wichai Tantasuparuk, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Gonadotropin hormones in form of 400 iu of PMSG + 200 iu of HCG were given to anestrus or delayed oestrus sows after weaning and to anestrus replacement gilts (Landrace x Large White). The animals were divided into a treated group (sows, n = 20 and gilts, n = 17), and a control group (sows, n = 5 and gilts, n = 4). The control group was given an injection of 5 ml of Phosphate Buffer Saline. Oestrus was observed daily (a.m/p.m) for ten days after injection. The interval between oestrus and injection and the conception rate at 21, 42 …

The Stimulation Of Follicular Growth With Exogenous Gonadotrophin In Pre-Pubertal Swamp Buffalo Calves(การกระตุ้นการเจริญของฟอลลิเคิลในรังไข่ของ ลูกกระบือปลักก่อนวัยเจริญพันธุ์โดยฮอร์โมนโกนาโดโทรปิน), Mongkol Techakumphu, Chainarong Lohachit, Wichai Tantasuparuk, Wanpen Srianan, Jinda Singlor, Jintana Intaramongkol

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An experiment to stimulate follicular growth was performed in ten pre-pubertal swamp buffaloes (8-12 months old). They were divided into two groups according to the gonadotropin treatments. Five calves were injected intramuscularly with 24 mg of follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and 2 months later with a 3000 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG), while the other 5 calves were first treated with PMSG which was followed by FSH. The ovarian responses were examined by laparotomy and scored according to the number of follicles (≥ 0.8 cm) and corpus hemorrhagicum. Ovaries had a more significant response to FSH than to …

Environmental Effects On The Quality Of Bovine Semen(ผลของสภาวะแวดล้อมต่อคุณภาพของน้ำเชื้อโคและกระบือ), M. Subhan Quereshi, H.A. Samad, Zabita Khan, Shafgat Hussain

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The interaction between semen quality of Holstein Friesian, Jersey, Crossbred and Nili-Ravi buffaloes and the environment was studied. Semen was collected for one year at the Semen Production Unit, Surizai District, Peshawar from 10 Holstein Friesian, 4 Jersey and 4 Crossbred bulls and 3 buffaloes. Semen was collected early in the morning, twice weekly, using an artificial vagina. Environmental data regarding the monthly average temperature, humidity and daylight, was recorded. The correlation co-effi-cient between the semen volume, motility and sperm concentration and the three environmental parameters was calculated. Statistical analysis showed that in buffalo bulls motility was significantly (r> 0.5874) …

Ua66/14/4 Kentucky Partnership Newsletter, Vol. Ii, No. 7, Kentucky Partnership For Farm Family Health & Safety

University Organizations

Newsletter created by and about the Kentucky Partnership for Farm Family Health & Safety.

Two Papers On Environmentalism - I: Environmental Ethics And Value In The World, John Post

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society - November 14, 1994.

A Prospective Study Of 500 Consecutive Laparoscopiccholecystectomies, Chesada Sangsubhan, Chanvit Tanphiphat, Taveesin Tanprayoon, Kris Chatamra

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Increased Stem Cell Factor Release By Hemangioma-Derived Endothelial Cells, C. J. Meininger, Shannon Brightman, K. A. Kelly, B. R. Zetter

Biology Faculty Publications

Background: Capillary hemangiomas, the most common tumors in young children, consist of proliferating capillary vessels and endothelial cells. These tumors also contain large numbers of mast cells, compared with the normal surrounding skin or tissue. We have recently shown that stem cell factor (SCF), the gene product of the murine steel locus, can act as a chemoattractant for mast cells. In this study, we investigated whether SCF might be involved in the recruitment and maintenance of mast cells in hemangiomas. Experimental Design: Cultured endothelial cells derived from a murine hemangioma were compared with normal vascular endothelial cells for the ability …

Menno-Knight, February 1995, Mennonite College Of Nursing

Menno-Knight (1960s-1990s?)

Student newsletter of the Mennonite School/College of Nursing.

Sustained Release Drug Delivery Devices, Thomas J. Smith, Paul Ashton, Paul A. Pearson

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

A method and device for treating a mammalian organism to obtain a desired local or systemic physiological or pharmacological effect is provided. The method includes administering a sustained release drug delivery system to a mammalian organism in need of such treatment at an area wherein release of an effective agent is desired and allowing the effective agent to pass through the device in a controlled manner. The device includes an inner core or reservoir comprising the effective agent; a first coating layer, which is essentially impermeable to the passage of the effective agent; and a second coating layer, which is …

Effect Of Oral Alendronate On Bone Mineral Density And The Incidence Of Fractures In Postmenopausal Osteoporosis, Uri A. Liberman , M.D., Ph.D., Stuart R. Weiss , M.D., Johann Bröll , M.D., Helmut W. Minne , M.D., Hui Quan , Ph.D., Norman H. Bell , M.D., Jose Rodriguez-Portales , M.D., Robert W. Downs , Jr., M.D., Jan Dequeker , M.D., Ph.D., Murray Favus , M.D., Ego Seeman , M.D., Robert R. Recker , M.D., Thomas Capizzi , Ph.D., Arthur C. Santora , M.D., Ph.D., Antonio Lombardi , M.D., Raksha V. Shah , M.A., R.D., Laurence J. Hirsch , M.D., David B. Karpf , M.D.

Internal Medicine Publications

BACKGROUND

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a serious health problem, and additional treatments are needed.

METHODS

We studied the effects of oral alendronate, an aminobisphosphonate, on bone mineral density and the incidence of fractures and height loss in 994 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The women were treated with placebo or alendronate (5 or 10 mg daily for three years, or 20 mg for two years followed by 5 mg for one year); all the women received 500 mg of calcium daily. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The occurrence of new vertebral fractures and the progression of vertebral deformities …

Afferent Convergence From Divergent Sources Appears To Enhance The Spastic Patient's Ability To Inhibit Antagonist Motoneurons During An Agonist Contraction, Charles Leonard, P. M. Diedrich, T. Matsumoto, G. Kerr

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science Faculty Publications

Spasticity and excessive muscular cocontraction during movement are common impairments following upper motor neuron (UMN) lesions. For example, during voluntary ankle dorsiflexion, individuals with spastic type cerebral palsy (CP) do not inhibit the antagonist triceps surae motoneuron pool.

Feasability Of Preventing Encrustation Of Urinary Catheters, J. M. Bibby, A. J. Cox, D. W. L. Hukins

Cells and Materials

Colonization of urinary catheters by bacteria which produce urease leads to an increase in urine pH, followed by deposition of the minerals struvite and hydroxyapatite. Adhesion of these encrusting deposits can be reduced, but not prevented, by using catheters with a smooth surface finish. Chemical methods for preventing encrustation are not completely satisfactory. A better way of preventing encrustation would be to prevent colonization of the catheter by bacteria. This might be achieved by controlled release of antimicrobial agents directly into the urine from the catheter itself. Preliminary experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of controlled release from solid silicone. However, …

Thyroid Hormone Influence On Oxygen Consumption Rates, Body Mass, And Lipid Metabolism In Mice With Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Catherine Renee Clark

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Morphine Taste Conditioning And Analgesia: Assessing Conditioned And Novelty-Induced Analgesia, Rick A. Bevins, Joanne M. Valone, Melinda C. Bradley, Michael T. Bardo

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

In previous work showing a taste-elicited decrease in pain sensitivity (J. S. Miller, K. S. Kelly, J. L. Neisewander, D. F. Mc- Coy, & M. T. Bardo, 1990), the rats (Rattus norvegicus) were always habituated to an inactive hot plate after each drug injection. The present report examined whether the analgesic response was a conditioned response to the taste or a response to the novelty of the hot plate resulting from morphine disrupting the habituation process. In 3 experiments, it was found that hot plate novelty was mainly responsible for the analgesic response. For example, increasing the number …

The Three Rs: The Way Forward, Michael Balls, Alan M. Goldberg, Julia H. Fentem, Caren L. Broadhead, Rex L. Burch, Michael F.W. Festing, John M. Frazier, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Margaret Jennings, Margot D.O. Van Der Kamp, David B. Morton, Andrew N. Rowan, Claire Russell, William M.S. Russell, Horst Spielmann, Martin Stephens, William S. Stokes, Donald W. Straughan, James D. Yager, Joanne Zurlo, Bert F.M. Van Zutphen

Experimentation Collection

This is the report of the eleventh of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM), which was established in 1991 by the European Commission. ECVAM's main goal, as defined in 1993 by its Scientific Advisory Committee, is to promote the scientific and regulatory acceptance of alternative methods which are of importance to the biosciences and which reduce, refine or replace the use of laboratory animals. One of the first priorities set by ECVAM was the implementation of procedures which would enable it to become well-informed about the state-of-the-art of non-animal test …

How The Rat Turned White, Kenneth J. Shapiro

Experimentation Collection

This is the first in a three-part series on the use of animals in psychological research. In it, I describe how animals got into laboratories in the first place, and their purpose and life there. In the second, I will describe animal model research, the strategy whereby psychologists' develop nonhuman animal models to study human psychopathology. In the concluding piece, I will present a critique of this enterprise, using original data I gathered. The three articles are based on a forthcoming book, Animal Models of Human Psychology: Science, Ethics, and Policy.

Sex And Temperament In Modern Society: A Darwinian View Of The “Glass Ceiling” And The “Gender Gap” In Compensation, Kingsley R. Browne

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Infections Associated With Bartonella Species In Persons Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Russell L. Regnery, James E. Childs, Jane E. Koehler

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Two members of the genus Bartonella, Bartonella quintana (formerly Rochalimaea quintana) and Bartonella henselae (formerly Rochalimaea henselae), have recently been recognized as agents of severe or fatal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiencyv irus (HIV). The development of infection with B. henselae in HIV-infected individuals has been associated with traumatic contact with cats (scratches or bites), and domestic cats have been identified as a major reservoir for this organism. Specific information regarding the transmission of B. henselae to humans is not yet available, but common-sense precautions that minimize exposure to cat-associated organisms are appropriate. Preliminary accounts suggest that …

Rabies--Epidemiology, Prevention, And Future Research, John W. Krebs, Mark L. Wilson, James E. Childs

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Rabies is caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus, maintained in nature by a variety of animal reservoirs. Rabies virus infects the central nervous system, resulting in progressive encephalopathy and ultimately death in an infected human. Globally, the risk of contracting rabies for humans is greatest in regions of the developing world where dog rabies is enzootic. Where rabies in dogs has been eliminated or otherwise controlled through vaccination programs, the disease can be maintained by wildlife. Wildlife primarily involved in maintenance of transmission cycles are carnivores and bats. Persons having frequent contact with wildlife, such as mammalogists, are at …

Rodent-Borne Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses: A Special Risk For Mammalogists?, James E. Childs, James N. Mills, Gregory E. Glass

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

We review two groups of taxonomically unrelated viruses that share similarities in host preference and transmission routes to humans and pose a risk for mammalogists working with rodents. The rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever viruses in the Arenaviridae and Bunyaviridae are widely distributed on most continents where rodents occur. Their geographic distribution usually exceeds the distribution of the recognized human diseases they cause and has resulted from either natural coevolutionary events or the dissemination of viral passengers traveling with introduced mammalian hosts. Diseases of humans caused by these agents are among the most severe and most frequently fatal of zoonotic diseases. These …

Sharing Information Benefits The Meat Industry, Michael Paton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cronic health problems of livestock, seldom detected on farms, reduce the efficiency of abattoirs and returns to producers. But a major project providing information to producers from abattoirs is indicating how everyone could benefit from feedback.

Site-Directed Mutagenesis Of Southern Bean Mosaic Virus (Cowpea Strain): In Search Of A Viral Protease, Alan Simmons

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The second and largest open reading frame within the southern bean mosaic virus (SBMV) genome encodes a 105 kDa polyprotein. Following translation, the polyprotein is cleaved to liberate various proteins necessary for SBMV replication. The elements within polyproteins of the picornavirus superfamily members have a conserved order: Vpg (viral protein, genome-linked)-protease-replicase. Amino acid sequence homologies indicate that the 105 kDa protein of SBMV contains a replicase very similar to those identified in polyproteins of the picorna-like viruses. The presence of a VPg covalently attached to the 5' end of the SBMV genome further suggests that SBMV may be considered a …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 72, No. 2, 1995)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

A Case-Control Study Of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome During An Outbreak In The Southwestern United States, Paul S. Zeitz, Jay C. Butler, James E. Cheek, Michael C. Samuel, James E. Childs, Lee A. Shands, Richard E. Turner, Ronald E. Voorhees, John Sarisky, Pierre E. Rollin, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Louisa Chapman, Susan E. Reef, Kenneth K. Komatsu, Craig Dalton, John W. W. Krebs, Gary O. Maupin, Kenneth Gage, C. Mack Sewell, Robert F. Breiman, C. J. Peters

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

In May 1993, an outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome( HPS) occurred in the south-western United States. A case-control study determined risk factors for HPS. Seventeen case-patients were compared with 3 groups of controls: members of case-patient households( household controls), members of neighboring households( near controls), and members of randomly selected households ≥ 24 km away ( far controls). Investigators trapped more small rodents at case households than at near ( P = .03) or far control households( P = .02). After the number of small rodents was controlled for,case-patients were more likely than household controls to hand plow (odds ratio …

Guidelines For Working With Rodents Potentially Infected With Hantavirus, James N. Mills, Terry L. Yates, James E. Childs, Robert R. Parmenter, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Pierre E. Rollin, C.J. Peters

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and the possibility of aerosol transmission of hantaviruses, persons handling known reservoir species in the field, laboratory, or classroom should take special precautions to minimize the risk of infection. We provide specific guidelines for personal safety while trapping, handling and releasing, transporting, sampling, and performing necropsy on potentially infected rodents or teaching field classes in areas occupied by reservoir species. Special consideration should be given to respiratory protection, choice and use of disinfectants, decontamination of instruments and traps, proper disposal of infectious wastes, and preservation and shipment of …

The Animal Research Controversy: Protest, Process & Public Policy, Andrew N. Rowan, Franklin M. Loew, Joan C. Weer

eBooks

The controversy today regarding the use of animals in research appears on the surface to be a strongly polarized struggle between the scientific community and the animal protection movement. However, there is a wide range of opinions and philosophies on both sides. Mistrust between the factions has blossomed while communication has withered. Through the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s, the animal movement grew in numbers and financial resources, and developed much greater public recognition and political clout. The research community paid relatively little attention to the animal movement for much of this period but, alarmed by several public relations coups …

Fulminant Hepatic Failure: Summary Of A Workshop, Jay Hoofnagle, Robert Carithers Jr., Craig Shapiro, Nancy Ascher

United States Public Health Resources

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is defined by the appearance of severe liver injury with hepatic encephalopathy in a previously healthy person. There are an estimated 2,000 cases of FHF in the United States yearly, representing 0.1% of all deaths and, perhaps, 6% of liver related deaths. The causes of FHF are many, the chief ones in the United States being hepatitis A; B; non-A, non-B and drug induced liver disease. There are no specific therapies for FHF, however, liver transplantation is recommended for situations in which spontaneous recovery appears unlikely. Factors that are valuable in assessing the likelihood of spontaneous …

Bovine Tuberculosis In A Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus Hemionus) From Montana, Jack Rhyan, Keith Aune, Brian Hood, Ryan Clarke, Janet Payeur, Jerald Jamagin, Larry Stackhouse

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

A survey of 41 mule deer (Odocolleus hemionus) and three white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) for bovine tuberculosis was conducted on a Montana (USA) cattle ranch from 2 November 1993 through January 1994. Gross and microscopic lesions typical of tuberculosis were present in tonsil and lymph nodes of the head, thorax, and abdomen of one adult female mule deer. Additionally, a single microgranuloma considered morphologically suggestive of tuberculosis was present in one lymph node of the head of a second mule deer. Mycobacterial isolates from lymph nodes of the head and thorax of the first deer were …

Long-Term Outcomes Of Infants Identified As Being At High Risk Of Maltreatment, Jilda N. Vargus

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.