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Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In Sheep After Various Intravenous Doses, Muhammad Yar, Mahmood Ahmad, Nadeem Irfan Bukhari, Muhammad Naveed Akhtar Khawaja

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline were investigated in 20 sheep following intravenous injection of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg doses. An increase in concentration of oxytetracycline was found with increasing dose at all the sampling times in each animal. The peak plasma concentration of oxytetracycline attained after intravenous administration of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of the drug was 18.67±0.09, 40.63±0.16 and 86.51±0.10 mg/ml, respectively. These plasma concentrations decreased with plasma half lives of 10.88 ± 0.29, 5.87 ± 0.08 and 7.35 ± 0.08 hours respectively. Oxytetracycyine resided, as indicated by MRT for 11.23±0.25, 5.78±0.08, 6.73±0.05 hours post dosing of 40, 80 …

Effects Of Pleurotus Florida Inoculation Or Urea Treatment On Feeding Value Of Wheat Straw, Hasan Rüştü Kutlu, Murat Görgülü, Ladi̇ne Baykal, Numan Özcan, Saadet Büyükalaca

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to determine whether the mushroom Pleurotus florida has potential to increase the digestibility and feeding value of wheat straw in with urea treatment. In the trial the effects of inoculation of P. florida, and 2% urea treatment were examined in a 2 by 2 factorial design. The mushroom was inoculated to urea supplemented or unsupplemented wheat straw by solid-state fermentation. Following inoculation, on the 20th, 40th, 60th and 80th days straw samples were taken and analysed for nutrient content and tested for digestibility on sheep using the nylon bag technique. The results showed that Pleurotus …

Evaluation Of Immunogenicity Of Pasterurella Haemolytica Serotypes In Experimental Models, K. Serdar Di̇ker, Mehmet Akan, Osman Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The immunogenicity of Pasteurella haemolyticaserotypes was investigated in an experimental animal model. Rabbits were immunized with bacterins and leukotoxins of selected serotypes of P. haemolytica,and the IgG level and antileukotoxin activities of immune sera were measured. The highest IgG levels against A1, A2, A7 and T4 antigens were detected in rabbits receiving polyvalent combined (bacterin plus leukotoxin) immunogens. Monovalent combined immunogens induced high antibody titers against homologous serotypes, but low titers against heterologous serotypes. Serotype A1 and A7 were found to be more antigenic than A2 and T4. The highest antileukotoxin activity in monovalent groups was detected in A1 and …

Determination Of Freshness And Chemical Compositon Of Scad ( Trachurus Trachurus, L. 1758) Stored In Refrigerator, Gülgün F. Ünal Şengör, Ufuk Çeli̇k, Sevi̇lsen Akkuş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the freshness and chemical composition of scad stored at +2C - +4°C. As a result of bacterial activities and chemical changes in fish meat TMAO breaks down to TMA, DMA and FA. In the fish meat the amounts of these compounds are important for the determination of the freshness of fish meat. Breakdown of TMAO into DMA and FA has an effect on the properties of the texture of the fish. Hence we attempted to distinguish the textural characteristics of the stored fish with sensorial analysis. It was detected that the results of …

Using Goal Programming In Rational And Economical Animal Nutrition, İsmet Doğan, Nurhan Doğan, Abdulkadi̇r Akcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Animal nutrition is one of the important problems of people involved in animal breeding. It is essential that animals get sufficient and well-balanced nutrition to be healthy. Especially obtaining the necessary food elements from cheaper food sources becomes a major concern when ensuring sufficient and well-balanced nutrition in animal breeding. The Goal Programming Method is an improved method for solving multi-objective problems. In solving these types of problem, it cannot be expected that all the goals can be exactly obtained. The results of multi-objective problem solutions are affected by the decision of the manager or decision maker. Therefore, when there …

Investigation On Blood Plasma And Hair Copper Levels In Clinically Healthy Cattle In Elazig And It's Vicinity, İbrahi̇m Çi̇mtay, Ali̇ Ölçücü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to determine blood plasma and hair copper levels in clinicially healthy Swiss Brown and Holstein cows. This study was performed on 50 cows, 3-6 years old. Blood and hair samples were collected in December, March, June and September. Mean plasma copper levels in December, March, June and September were 68.23±2.62, 44.58±1.78, 52.79±2.15 and 52.76±2.59 mg/dl respectively. Also mean hair copper levels were 5.78±0.22, 5.45±0.15, 5.25±0.11 and 5.77±0.15 ppm respectively. The levels of plasma and hair copper showed great differences in regard to the months of study and races, but there were no significant differences …

Enterotoxaemia Incidence In Small Ruminants In Elazığ And The Surrounding Provinces In 1994-1998, Canan Özcan, Meti̇n Gürçay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

132 intestine specimens belonging to small ruminants with suspected enterotoxaemia were sent to the Elazig Veterinary Control and Research Institute from Elazığ and the surrounding provinces in 1994-1998. In bacteriological examinations, it was found that 51 of the 132 specimens were positive and 81 negative. The toxin-neutralisation test was applied for diagnosis. The 51 enterotoxaemia cases were identified as 28 C.welchii Type D, 16 C.welchii Type C, 7 C.welchii Type A.

Investigations On The Reproduction Properties Of The Common Carp ( Cyprinus Carpio L., 1758) Population In Kazova Kaz Lake, Tokat, Turkey, Mehmet Karataş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This reseacrh was carried out fron November 1995 to October 1997 in Kazova Kaz Lake of tokat province. In this period, a total of 759 Common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) were examined. The aim of this study was to determine some reproduction features of the common carp i.e. the spawning season, fecundity, maturity age and sex ratio. The spawning took place from March to April. Both the males and females were found to attain maturity when two years old.

Effects Of Different Forms And Nutrient Levels Of Mixed Feeds On Broiler Performance And Carcass Characteristics In High Summer Temperatures, Veysel Ayhan, Zümrüt Açikgöz, Kahraman Özkan, Özge Altan, Ali̇ Altan, Sezen Özkan, Yavuz Akbaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to determine the effects of high (0-3 wk age 3100 kcal ME/kg and 23% CP; 4-6 wk age 3200 kcal ME/kg and 21% CP) and low (0-3 wk age 2900 kcal ME/kg and 21% CP; 4-6 wk age 3000 kcal ME/kg and 19% CP) nutrient density and feed form (mash, crumble and pellet) on broiler performance, rectal temperature and carcass characteristics in high summer temperatures. The research was carried out over 42 days during the period July 4 - August 16, 1996. Nine-hundred-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into groups containing 50 chicks each with 3 …

The Effects Of Dried Poultry Excreta Added To The Rations On Rumen Content And Blood Parameters In Akkaraman Lambs, Ulvi̇ Reha Fi̇danci, Berri̇n Salmanoğlu, Gülteki̇n Yildiz, Hakan Muğlali, İsmai̇l Bayram

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% dried poultry excreta supplementation on rumen fermentation and blood parameters in Akkaraman lambs were investigated in the control group, group I, group II and group III respectively. Twenty-six Akkaraman lambs, 5.5-6 months-old, weighing 30 kg were used. They were fed in four groups. The blood and rumen contents were determined at 20-day intervals and the experimental period lasted 80 days. At the 20 th day, there were a significant differences among the four groups in pH, ammonia, urease activity, total volatile fatty acids and urea-N values of ruminal fluid. However, there were …

Effect Of Natural And Synthetic Carotenoid Sources On Pigmentation Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Sebahatti̇n Ergün, Muammer Erdem

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of supplementing the diets of commercial-size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with red pepper as a natural carotenoid source and synthetic astaxanthin. Diets without carotenoid supplemented (control) and containing 3% or 6% red pepper and 0.05% "Carophyll Pink 8%" were given to groups 1-4, respectively. Rainbow trout, with weight of groups between 470 and 483 g, were fed four different diets for 45 days. At the end of the experiment, the trout showed an average body weight increase of 157.599 g, 110.729 g, 136.641 g and 190.091 g, and feed conversion averaged …

Isolation And Identification Of Motile Aeromonasspp. In Ground Beef, Özlem Küplülü, Belgi̇n Sarimehmetoğlu, Ayli̇n Kasimoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, a total of 100 ground beef samples purchased at different butchers' shops and supermarkets in Ankara including 50 samples obtained from butchers' shops and 50 samples obtained from supermarkets, were analysed for the presence of motile Aeromonas species. According to the analysis, motile Aeromonas spp. were found in 73 % (73/100) of ground beef samples. Aeromonas spp. were isolated from 33 samples (66 %) obtained from butchers' shops, and 40 samples (80 %) obtained from supermarkets. A. hydrophila was the most prevalent species, followed by A. sobria and A. caviae from all of the samples. In conclusion, …

A Survey Of Hypodermosisin Cattle Slaughtered In Thrace (Trakya) Turkey, Aynur Gülanber, Erkut Tüzer, Ayşen Gargili, Müfi̇t Toparlak, İlker Efi̇l, Vedat Keleş, Meltem Ulutaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, a total of 365 cattle (234 male, 131 female) slaughtered in different localities in Thrace (The European part of Turkey) were examined for hypodermosis between January and May of 1997. Hypoderma bovis, H. lineatum and unidentified 2nd instar larvae were found in the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the back region of the animals. The prevalence rate and intensity of infestation were 3.56% and 10.23 respectively.

Growth Performance And Feed Conversion Efficiency Of Siberian Sturgeon Juveniles (Acipenser Baeri) Reared In Concrete Raceways, Gülten Köksal, Feri̇t Rad, Mevlüt Kindir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Culture of sturgeon species is of great economical and ecological importance for those countries whose natural stocks of Acipenseridae spp. have declined or been exterminated. Siberian sturgeon ( Acipenser baeri) is considered one of the most suitable sturgeon species for aquaculture. This study was carried out in order to introduce the Siberian sturgeon to Turkey as a potential candidate for aquaculture and to investigate the growth and feed conversion performance of this species in concrete raceways (flow- through system) used in rainbow trout farming. A growth trial was conducted using 1300, 75 days old Siberian sturgeon juveniles imported from France. …

The Effects Of Feed Removal During The Day On Some Production Traits And Blood Parameters Of Broilers, Meti̇n Petek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feed removal during the day on broiler performance and some blood parameters. Live material of the experiment consisted of 600 mixed sex day-old commercial (Avian Farm) broiler chicks. The experiment was held in six rooms with a randomly allocated control group and two treatment groups and their replicates. The birds were full fed ad libitum in the control group while the feeders were removed for three and six hours per day for the treatment I and treatment II groups respectively between the 5 ^th and 37 ^th days. Average live weights …

A Study On Selective Broths And Agar Media For The Isolation Of Escherichia Colio157:H7 Serotype, Mali̇he R. Noveir, A. Kadi̇r Halkman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Modified tryptic soy broth, lauryl sulfate tryptose broth, modified EC broth, sorbitol MacConkey agar and Fluorocult E. coli O157 agar were tested for the recovery of 3 strains of Escherichia coliO157:H7 against E. colitype 1 and Citrobacter freundii as common competitive microflora of raw meat products. Two-stepped trials showed that modified EC broth and lauryl sulfate tryptose broth were superior to modified tryptic soy broth as selective enrichment media while sorbitol MacConkey agar was clearly better than Fluorocult E. coli O157 agar as a selective agar medium. Recovery of E. coli O157:H7 was difficult when selective enrichment broth-growing cohabitant microflora …

A Mouse Model For Evaluating The Induction Of Liver Glucose-6- Phosphate Dehydrogenase By Halothane, Ergül Belge Kurutaş, İlhan Tuncer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effect of halothane anesthesia in different doses and a period of two weeks on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity of mouse liver were investigated. The mean and SD of G6PDH for liver of normal mice were 0.036±0.017 U/mg protein and 1.756±0.814 U/g liver, respectively. Although there was histopathological damage in the liver, liver weights in treated mice increased significantly compared to control animals. Increasing the dosage of halothane inhalation induced liver G6PDH enzyme activity (U/g liver) by 84%, 42% and 4%, showing an inverse relation with the dose of halothane (0.25, 0.50, 1.00 cc twice daily for two weeks). Although …

Effect Of Lighting On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Bronze Turkeys Reared In Intensive Conditions, Turgay Şengül, Yusuf Konca, Ahmet Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was designed to determine the effects of lighting regimes on the growth performances and carcass characteristics of Bronze turkeys reared in intensive conditions. Turkeys were reared under three lighting regimes (group 1, 12 h; group 2, 18 h; and group 3, 23 h.). In the experiment, the live weights of the turkeys (male+female) in groups 1, 2 and 3 were found to be 4578±142, 4630±131 and 4942±139 g respectively at the end of a 16-week period. The live weights during the 16-wk period were found to be affected (P0.05). These values were 3347±152, 3389±141 and 3554±197 g; …

Determination Of Anti- Toxoplasma Gondiiantibodies In Cattle In Elazığ And Environs By Sabin-Feldman (Sf) Test, Müni̇r Aktaş, Cahi̇t Babür, K. Zafer Karaer, Nazi̇r Dumanli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Toxoplasma gondii pseudocysts in cattle are sources of infection for humans. Therefore, cattle toxoplasmosis is a very important factor in public health. The aim of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of cattle toxoplasmosis. A total of 122 cattle from different age groups were selected in Elazığ and environs. Blood samples were taken and sera were collected. Serum samples were kept at -20^0 C until further examination. The values of toxoplasmosis seroprevalence were determined by SF test for anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Antibodies were detected in 86 out of 122 cattle sera (70.49%). Fifty-four (62.75%), 26 (30.23%), 6 (6.97%) …

The Detection Of Mutagenic Activity Of Some Chemicals (Azamethyphos, Dichlorvos, Methyl Parathion, Aflatoxinb1) By Smart Drosophila Melanogaster, Selma Ekebaş, Şükran Çakir, Okan Ertuğrul, Aykut Kence

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study mutagenic effects of some chemicals used in Veterinary Medicine and agricultural fields was investigated by Somatic Mutation and Recombination Test (SMART). SMART test was to observe the chemical effects on wing phenotype of the trans- heterozygote flies carrying marker gene. Lethal doses of the chemicals used were determined. A positive correlation was observed between total mutation and the number of wings having mutations. In addition, the observed mutations were classified according to the size and the type of the mutations per wing. Chemicals used were ranked as Dichlorvos, Methyl parathion, Azamethyphos according to their genotoxic effects. The …

Determination Of The Shelf-Life Of Marinated Fish Balls, Candan Varlik, Nuray Erkan, Sühendan Mol, Taçnur Baygar, Özkan Özden

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was the determination of the shelf life of marinated fish balls. The anchovies were boiled, and after bones and heads were removed they were mixed with spice and fried. Then, they were placed in brine and stored at +4^0 C (± 1). The sensory analyses pH, TVB-N and TMA-N analyses were performed every 15 days during the storage. The results showed that this product was excellent quality for 60 days, fair quality for 105 days, and was marketable until the 120^th day. The spoilage was determined after the 120 ^th day.

Play Therapy For Children With Aggressive Behavior, Jennifer M. Brehm

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this literature review was to investigate the effectiveness of various play therapy interventions for decreasing developmentally inappropriate aggression of children. Psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, and person-centered approaches of play therapy were reviewed. Each of the three theoretical approaches to therapy was described in relation to the aggressive behaviors of children. Similarities and differences among the three therapies were discussed. Efficacy of the interventions was presented based on published literature only. More studies of the various types of play therapy, particularly in relation to the aggressive behaviors of children, need to be conducted and results disseminated.

The Molecular Epidemiology Of Rotavirus In Ireland, Fiona O'Halloran

Theses

Between 1997 and 1998, 3,136 cases of rotavirus diarrhoea were detected in Irish children less than 2 years of age. Hospital inpatients accounted for 80% of these infections, with the remainder being diagnosed in general practice. A large percentage of infections were detected in neonates, suggesting a possible inadequate maternal derived protection from existing indigenous strains. This feature suggested the possible existence of ‘novel’ strains circulating in Ireland. No data describing the epidemiology of rotavirus strains in this country currently exists. Furthermore no assessment of the potential health-economic impact or quantitation of potential disease burden was ever undertaken

Three hundred …

Congenital Chylothorax, Ni̇lgün Köksal, Sultan Demi̇r, Mehmet Okan, Cengi̇z Gebi̇teki̇n, Işik Şenkaya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Low-Intensity Microwave Radiation On Rat Kidney: An Ultrastructural Study, Yusuf Nergi̇z, M. Aydin Ketani̇, Zülküf Akdağ, Ahmet Reşi̇t Ersay, M. Sali̇h Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Exposure to low-intensity microwave radiation for prolonged periods is known to be a potential factor inducing visceral damage. There are several studies in the literature demonstrating the harmful effects of such radiation on the kidney of laboratory animals. Our aim was to determine the effect of low intensity microwave radiation on rat kidney at the light and electron microscopic level. Animals (28 rats) in the experiment group were exposed to 2.65 mW/cm 2 radition (9450 MHz) for 1 h per day during 26 and 52 days respectively and tissue samples of these animals were examined and compared with those of …

Lymphocyte Subsets In Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis, Yavuz Tekeli̇oğlu, Hi̇lal Mocan, M. Zi̇ya Mocan, H. Önder Ersöz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This prospective study was designed to investigate lymphocyte subsets in acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN). Peripheral blood lymphocytes were analyzed using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled CD3, CD4, CD8, CD14, CD19, CD45, CD56, CD45RA and CDW29 monoclonal antibodies by flow cytometry. Twenty patients aged 14-22 years who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for APSGN were evaluated during the 1st and 12th weeks of the of disease. Twenty-four age-matched healthy subjects served as controls. At the onset of the disease, all patients had macroscopic haematuria with red blood cell casts in urine, proteinuria (1.06±0.21 g/d), low complement 3 (C3) levels (200 IU/ml), edema, oliguria …

Quinolone Arthropathy Induced By Ofloxacin In Juvenile Rats: A Light Microscopic Study, İlki̇n Çavuşoğlu, Zeynep Kahveci̇, Semi̇ha Noyan, Zehra Mi̇nbay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This study was conducted to examine the development, progression and reversibility of cartilage lesions in juvenile rats that had been given ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone. Four-week-old rats were treated with an oral dose of 900 mg/kg/day of ofloxacin for 7 days. The animals were sacrificed at different (1 st^day, 1 st^week, 2^nd week, 4 th^ week, 8 th^ week, 12 th^ week, 16 th^ week) after the completion of the administration and the knee joints were prepared for light microscopic analysis. The lesions were demonstrated in the articular cartilage of all the animals. Acellular, oedematous matrix areas, and cavity formations were …

Lamotrigine Treatment In Childhood Drug-Resistant Epilepsy, Nedret Uran, Gül Serdaroğlu, Şebnem Çalkavur, Erki̇n Serdaroğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Rationale: In this study the efficacy of Lamotrigine was evaluated in children with medically intractable epilepsy. Methods: 22 epileptic children, ranging between 4.2 years and 15 years of age (mean 9.3 years) were included in this study. Twelve (54.5%) were male and 10 (45.5%) were female. The seizure types were classified according to the International League Against Epilepsy criteria: simple partial seizures (8 cases), infantile spasms (4 cases), generalized tonic-clonic seizures (2 cases), tonic seizures (2 cases), complex partial seizure (2 cases), typical absence seizures (2 cases), myoclonic astatic seizures (1 case) and atypical absence seizures (1 case). The neurological …

High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin Treatment In Intractable Childhood Epilepsy, Nedret Uran, Gül Serdaroğlu, Erki̇n Serdaroğlu, Sema Kalkan, Tuğrul Özcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Rationale: Intractable childhood epilepsy is characterised by convulsions, which are resistant to treatment with adequate dosage, combination and duration of appropriate anticonvulsant drugs. Many clinical and experimental studies support the role of the immune mechanism in the pathogenesis of childhood epilepsy. The purpose of the present study is to ascertain the possible efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy. Methods: The children aged 4-8 years suffering from intractable childhood epilepsy were treated with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg) 5 times in the first week, on the 15th and 30th days. The treatments were repeated every 4 …

The Relationship Between Functional And Histological Changes In Muscle Following Eccentric Exercise In Mice, Michael John Newton

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is known to be produced by novel or unaccustomed exercise, especially high force eccentric contractions. Histological myofibre disruption, force loss and muscle soreness are associated with EIMD and have implications for sporting performance. Traditional practices of assessing the extent of disruption to the myofibres is by performing needle biopsies and subsequently analysing the histology of the fibres. Recently there has been interest in investigating whether changes in force production and contractile properties of muscle following damaging exercise correlate strongly with the magnitude of disruption to the myofibres. The main aim of this study was to investigate …