Digital Commons Network^™

Machine Learning And Large Language Model Decision Support For Medication-Error Prevention Across The Medication-Use Process: A Systematic Review With Implications For Saudi Arabia, Emad A. Alsaleh, Maram J. Alnemer, Yousef H. A. Alhassan, Asaad A. A. Khalil, Mohammed A. Kaddoura, Azfar Athar Ishaqui, Muhammad B. Maqsood, Adnan Iqbal

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: Medication errors are a major source of preventable harm. We systematically reviewed workflow integrated artificial intelligence (AI) decision support (machine learning [ML], natural language processing, computer vision, and large language models [LLMs]) aimed at detecting, intercepting, or preventing medication errors, and considered implications for Saudi Arabia.
Methods: We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, IEEE Xplore, and the Cochrane Library for English language studies published from January 2010 to February 2026. Eligible studies used real clinical/pharmacy data and evaluated an AI component designed to prevent or detect medication errors across prescribing/order verification, dispensing, …

A Case Of Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension Secondary To Pure Autonomic Failure, Lauren Cooper, William Studt, Rayan Islam, Richard Weinberger

The Journal of Integrated Primary Care

Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is a debilitating manifestation of autonomic dysfunction and is most commonly associated with neurodegenerative disorders, though it can occur in isolation. Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a rare and often underrecognized cause of nOH, particularly in older adults. We report the case of an 80-year-old man with hereditary hemochromatosis who presented with recurrent falls due to severe orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic vitals demonstrated a marked blood pressure drop with minimal heart rate response consistent with a neurogenic etiology. He lacked motor, cognitive, or sensory features of neurodegenerative disease, and extensive evaluation excluded secondary causes, supporting a diagnosis …

Corrigendum To “Characterizing The Metabolites Of The Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitor Pexidartinib In Mouse Feces, Urine, Plasma, And Liver” [J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 265 (2025) 117034], Xuan Qin, Si Chen, John M Hakenjos, Jian Wang, Lei Guo, Ashish Dogra, Zhaoyong Hu, Kevin R Mackenzie, Feng Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Aberrant One-Carbon Metabolism And Ancestral Genetics Underlie Edematous Severe Acute Malnutrition, Natasha C Lie, Yixing Han, Qing Li, Aarti Jajoo, Jared Redmond, Aparna Haldipur, Solome Zewdu, Emilyn Banfield, Shanker Swaminathan, Sharon Howell, Orgen Brown, Roa Sadat, Nancy J Hall, Kwesi Marshall, Katharina V Schulze, Thaddaeus May, Marvin E Reid, Carolyn Taylor-Bryan, Mark J Manary, Indi Trehan, Mamana Mbiyavanga, Wisdom A Akurugu, Colin A Mckenzie, Dhriti Sengupta, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Ananyo Choudhury, Neil A Hanchard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Edematous severe childhood malnutrition is distinct from the non-edematous form of malnutrition and remains a major cause of under-five mortality. Its etiology remains unclear, although aberrant one-carbon metabolism has emerged as a potential contributor. Here, we assess genetic variants at loci known to influence one-carbon metabolism, and determine their association with edematous malnutrition in Jamaica and Malawi. Six loci show evidence of association, including four related to homocysteine and folate metabolism - AHCYL1, PRICKLE2, GABBR2, and PLD2, with SNPs at the latter three also having direct effects on homocysteine-related metabolites in Mendelian Randomization. Collectively, one-carbon metabolism-related variants were significantly associated …

Beyond Screening In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Domain-Standardized, Measure-Flexible Framework For Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment, Etiane Navarro

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder in which cognitive, behavioral, language, and social-cognitive changes may occur across clinical phenotypes, including the ALS-frontotemporal spectrum. Neuropsychological assessment is important for characterizing nonmotor manifestations and identifying changes relevant to autonomy, everyday functioning, and clinical management. This systematic review examined literature identified through APA PsycINFO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and supplementary searching to characterize neuropsychological domains, measures, phenotype-related findings, and disease-specific limitations relevant to comprehensive assessment. Two hundred records underwent title and abstract screening, 150 reports were reviewed in full text, and 61 resources were retained for synthesis. ALS-specific screening instruments, including …

Case Report: Beyond The Initial Diagnosis: A Case Of Wilson's Disease Presenting As Acute Decompensated Cirrhosis, Aun Bangash, Muhammad Ali Bangash, Chloe Harris, Veronica O'Brien, Learsi R. De Hoyos, Jose Campo Maldonado

School of Medicine Publications

Wilson disease is a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism that can cause progressive hepatic injury, cirrhosis, and, in severe cases, acute liver failure. Its variable presentation can overlap with more common causes of liver disease and delay recognition. We present a 28-year-old patient with one week of worsening jaundice, right upper quadrant abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and marked hyperbilirubinemia. Given a history of heavy alcohol use and a Maddrey Discriminant Function score of 73, severe alcohol-associated hepatitis was initially suspected. However, several months of reported alcohol abstinence, a strong maternal family history of early-onset cirrhosis, imaging evidence of …

Incidental Leftward Displacement Of The Appendix Due To Redundant Sigmoid Colon: A Case Report Of Anatomical Variation, Sony Sutrisno, Ronny Ronny

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

A left-sided appendix is an uncommon clinical entity, often attributed to congenital anomalies such as situs inversus or intestinal malrotation; however, it can also result from anatomical displacement by other organs. We report a case of a 22-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department with right lower quadrant pain which was initially suspected as appendicitis. A non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan identified a right kidney stone as the source of pain, alongside an incidentally discovered, non-inflamed appendix displaced entirely into the mid-left lower quadrant. A radiological review was done to exclude congenital causes of the presentation, such as non-rotation. The …

Covid-19 Vaccination Is Associated With Lower Mortality And Intensive Care Unit Admission Among Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Julian Madrid

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background:

The development of vaccines has played a significant role in managing the pandemic of COVID-19. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions.

Methods:

This retrospective, single-center cohort study included hospitalized COVID-19 patients with confirmed vaccination status from July 2021 to February 2022. Outcomes such as mortality and ICU admission were evaluated using clinical data. We used logistic regression and advanced statistical methods, including LASSO regression, to analyze differences in hospitalized COVID-19 patients based on vaccination status.

Results:

The study encompassed 167 patients (69% male, mean …

Acute Treatment Response Among Patients With Migraine Subtypes: A Real-World Study In Thailand, Thanin Asawavichienjinda

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Migraine with and without aura may have distinct etiologies. Aura can vary in complexity (simple to complex), possibly reflecting differences in cortical involvement and influencing acute treatment response.

Objective: To compare acute treatment responses between migraine patients with and without aura, and across aura complexity levels in Thailand.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 3, 2007, to June 30, 2022, at the Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Headache Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society. Baseline data were retrieved from baseline case-record forms, while clinical data were obtained from paper headache diaries and follow-up case-record form. The …

Modified Frozen Elephant Trunk Repair For Aortic Coarctation With Segmental Post-Stenotic Aneurysms, Pham Quoc Dat, Ma Nguyen Thai Hoang, Dang Van Phuc, Ta Dinh Do, Ngo Phi Long

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Aortic coarctation can be complicated by descending thoracic aortic aneurysms in adults. A 31-year-old man presented with exertional chest pain radiating to the back. Preoperative evaluation showed a 27-mmHg arm-leg systolic pressure gradient, echocardiographic coarctation with a 10-mm narrowest diameter and 25-mmHg gradient, and computed tomography showing two segmental post-stenotic aneurysms, the largest measuring 62 mm. He underwent one-stage modified frozen elephant trunk repair using a Medtronic thoracic stent graft sutured to a surgical graft. The postoperative gradient decreased to 5 mmHg, with stable 9-month follow-up.

Transcriptomic Data And Biomedical Literature Synergize In Finding Pharmacologic Gene Regulators, Rebecca Meyer-Schuman, Fisher Cherry, Yang Sui, Athanasios Papastathopoulos-Katsaros, Yi Zhong, Yidan Li, Tianyun Wang, Kelsey Hennick, Druha Karunakaran, Hanna Berk-Rauch, Zhandong Liu, Aravinda Chakravarti, Tomasz Nowakowski, Evan E Eichler, Huda Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Autism affects male individuals four times more often than female individuals, yet the basis of this sex bias remains unclear. One hypothesis is that this sex bias is due to genetic variants in X chromosome genes where haploinsufficiency causes neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). In heterozygous XX female probands, a complete loss-of-function variant in one of these genes often causes syndromic NDD, but the same variant is too deleterious for survival in hemizygous XY males. A mild hypomorphic variant, however, may be tolerated in a female carrier but may produce milder neurological phenotypes in a male proband. We tested this by investigating …

Integrating Technologies For Synthetic, Systems, And Spatial Approaches In Cancer Research, Karmella A. Haynes, Kolade Adebowale, Belinda S. Akpa, Joel S. Bader, Trisha Bansal, Joshua Breunig, Ran Brosh, Lukasz J. Bugaj, George M. Burslem, Awalpreet Chadha, Moumita Das, Tara Deans, Cole A. Deforest, Lawrence J. Dooling, Zev Gartner, Laura M. Heiser, Alex Hughes, Melissa L. Kemp, Kirill S. Korolev, Chunru Lin, Timothee Lionnet, Xin Lu, Alison P. Mcguigan, Hamid Reza Mirzaei, Ajit J. Nirmal, Marina Pasca Di Magliano, Alexandros Poulopoulos, Kunal Rai, José Reyes, Dagan Segal, Mary Kathryn Sewell-Loftin, Evegeniya V. Shmeleva, Adam Stevens, Subbaya Subramanian, Thea Tlsty, Jennifer Totonchy, Alexander Vlahos, Pei Wang, Ioannis K. Zervantonakis, Yanding Zhao

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Emerging tools for spatial analysis, systems biology, and synthetic biology offer opportunities to observe, dissect, and perturb cancer mechanisms, to design strategies for the prevention of oncogenesis, and to identify therapies that lead to durable tumor control. Here, we summarize perspectives from the virtual Innovation Lab on “Synthetic and Systems Approaches to Interrogate Spatiotemporal Processes in Cancer” (S3) hosted by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which assembled interdisciplinary experts to discuss cancer spatial organization and dynamic cellular interactions and how they can be addressed by leveraging novel synthetic and systems biology approaches. These discussions focused especially on cancer initiation, …

A Phase 2, Open-Label, Multicenter Study Of The Safety And Efficacy Of Tak-007 In Adult Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Justin Darrah, Indumathy Varadarajan, Amitkumar Mehta, Jennifer Saultz, Matthew Mckinney, Monalisa Ghosh, Usama Gergis, Andrew Krueger, Kevin Galinsky, Girish Bende, Ajeetha Ramachandran, Varsha Sundaresan, Siddha Kasar, Bradley Hupf, Sharon Chen, Leopold Sellner, Reem Karmali

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

In relapsed/refractory large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-natural killer (NK) cell therapies offer potential advantages over CAR-T-cell therapies, including off-the-shelf availability and scalable manufacturing. We performed a phase 2 study of single-dose TAK-007, a cryopreserved, cord blood-derived, off-the-shelf CD19 CAR-NK cell therapy, in 26 heavily pre-treated patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Adverse events were manageable, with limited grade 1-2 cytokine release syndrome (11.5%). Overall response rate with TAK-007 800 x106 CD19 CAR+ viable NK cells (n=14) was 60.9% (95% CI: 38.5-80.3). Median progression-free survival was 2.0 months (95% CI: 0.99-3.58) in LBCL (n=10) and 5.6 months …

Diopt: The Drsc Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool, 2026 Update, Yanhui Hu, Aram Comjean, Chenxi Gao, Austin Veal, Shinya Yamamoto, Stephanie E Mohr, Norbert Perrimon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mapping orthologous proteins is a critical step for cross-species literature mining, data integration, experimental design, and more, making the ability to quickly predict orthologs across species a key tool for functional genomic studies. The DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool (DIOPT) was initially developed in 2011 to provide a centralized portal for identifying inferred orthologs among major model organisms. By integrating results from multiple ortholog prediction algorithms, DIOPT allows users to compare predictions across methods and prioritize high-confidence ortholog relationships. Over the years, we regularly updated the underlying genome annotations and refreshed predictions from each integrated algorithm. In addition, both the …

Recommendations For Preparticipation Cardiovascular Screening For Athletes In Saudi Arabia: A Consensus Statement From The National Heart Center, Saudi Heart Rhythm Society, And National Center For Sudden Death, Alwaleed Aljohar, Bandar S. Al-Ghamdi, Abdulrahman Y. Sabbagh, Fahad Almehmadi, Fayez Bokhari, Naeem Alshoaibi, Yahya Alhebaishi, Wael Alqarawi

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Vigorous sports participation provides substantial physical and psychological benefits but may be accompanied by a small risk of sudden cardiac arrest and death in individuals with previously unrecognized cardiovascular disease. Preparticipation cardiovascular screening aims to identify athletes at increased risk, facilitate appropriate evaluation and management, and promote safe participation in sport. Despite growing international experience, no national recommendations have previously existed for Saudi Arabia. Recognizing the rapid expansion of organized sports participation driven by Saudi Vision 2030, an expert panel convened to develop consensus recommendations for the implementation of a nationwide preparticipation cardiovascular screening program. A comprehensive review of contemporary …

Beyond Screening In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Domain-Standardized, Measure-Flexible Framework For Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment, Etiane Navarro

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder in which cognitive, behavioral, language, and social-cognitive changes may occur across clinical phenotypes, including the ALS-frontotemporal spectrum. Neuropsychological assessment is important for characterizing nonmotor manifestations and identifying changes relevant to autonomy, everyday functioning, and clinical management. This systematic review examined literature identified through APA PsycINFO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and supplementary searching to characterize neuropsychological domains, measures, phenotype-related findings, and disease-specific limitations relevant to comprehensive assessment. Two hundred records underwent title and abstract screening, 150 reports were reviewed in full text, and 61 resources were retained for synthesis. ALS-specific screening instruments, including …

Translation And Comprehensive Validation Of The Neurological Outcome Scale For Traumatic Brain Injury (Nos-Tbi) Into Brazilian Portuguese, Karina T. Weber, Luciana B. M. Alves, Monica C. Braga, Suleimy C. Mazin, Brunna R. Pileggi, Millene R. Camilo, Viviane A. Guimaraes, Clara M. A. Barreira, Frederico Alessio-Alves, Aline S. Carvalho, Aline C. Pacheco-Castilho, João P. Leite, Dylan J. Edwards, Octavio M. Pontes-Neto, Taiza G. S. Edwards

Moss-Magee Rehabilitation Papers

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability in Brazil and worldwide. National and multinational clinical trials in TBI require global standardization of outcome measures. The original English version of the Neurological Outcome Scale for TBI (NOS-TBI) is a valid and valuable neurological assessment tool. However, NOS-TBI has not yet been validated in Brazilian Portuguese.

Objective: To perform the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the NOS-TBI in a Brazilian cohort of individuals with TBI.

Methods: We conducted the translation and cultural adaptation of the NOS-TBI scale to Brazilian Portuguese, followed by an analysis of psychometric properties: …

From Model To Mastery: High-Fidelity Cricothyrotomy Simulation With A 3d-Printed And Biological Tissue Model, Lauren E. Schlegel, Sruti Tekumalla, Sara Belko, Aarti Agarwal, Eva Varotsis, Julianna Rodin, Robert Pugliese, Morgan Hutchinson, Richard Goldman

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Objective

Emergency cricothyroidotomy is a rare procedure utilized in the setting of patients who cannot be oxygenated or intubated. To enhance training in this critical skill, we developed and validated an immersive, high‐fidelity task trainer that integrates a 3D‐printed airway model with a porcine soft‐tissue layer, and we assessed its impact during simulation‐based training sessions.

Study Design

Observational.

Setting

Single institution (16 otolaryngology and 30 emergency medicine trainees).

Methods

Our trainer consisted of an accurate 3D‐printed airway model and neck incorporating anatomical structures and a biological soft‐tissue layer. A survey was administered before and after the simulation. The simulations were …

Carceral Geographies Of Disinvestment: Mapping Police Surveillance And Food Insecurity In Tennessee, Lina Habba, Ridha Nazir, Natalie E. Freeman Phd

DO Research Day

Research Aims: •Examine the association between county-level jail incarceration (a proxy for police surveillance) and food insecurity, limited access to healthy foods, and overall food environment quality across Tennessee counties.   •Determine whether this association persists after adjustment for median household income, high school completion, and racial composition.

Dietary Magnesium, Potassium And Sodium Intake Patterns In Night-Shift Nurses And Implications For Cardiovascular Risk, Thao Nguyen, Lindsey Miller Phd, Teresa Rangel Phd

DO Research Day

Background: Night-shift nurses are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to circadian disruption, poor sleep quality, and unhealthy dietary patterns. Inadequate intake of potassium and magnesium, combined with excessive sodium consumption, may contribute to elevated cardiovascular risk in this population.

Objective: To compare dietary intake of magnesium, potassium, and sodium between day-shift and night-shift nurses during workdays and days off and evaluate nutrient intake relative to current dietary recommendations and cardiovascular risk.

Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using dietary records from 21 nurses working rotating schedules (3 workdays and 3 days off). Daily magnesium, potassium, and …

Factors Contributing To Low Birth Outcomes In Rural Versus Urban Tennessee, Adiva Haq, Hena Shah, Judy King Phd

DO Research Day

Background: Tennessee has been associated with having poorer birth outcomes compared to other states in America. Current data suggest that rural communities face greater barriers in accessing maternity care than urban areas, which can lead to adverse outcomes for these populations. Identifying factors that may contribute to low birth outcomes between rural and urban counties of Tennessee is essential to improve infant health outcomes. Objective: To examine the factors associated with adverse birth outcomes, comparing rural versus urban Tennessee counties. Method: The population size of all 95 Tennessee counties was obtained from the Data Commons. Birth outcomes and socioeconomic data …

Initiating The Development Of An In Vitro Model To Elucidate The Therapeutic Potential Of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, Mahmoud Ajjaoui, Christopher Root, Alex Wiser, Michael Operti, Christian Greer, Debasis Mondal

DO Research Day

• OMT is a technique used by DOs to treat a wide range of musculoskeletal dysfunctions. • An OMT technique commonly utilized in patients with musculoskeletal pain is Myofascial Release (MFR), which involves the stretching, holding and releasing of myofascial tissue to provide localized pain relief. • Despite patient attestation of the therapeutic benefits of MFR, in vitro studies to understand the molecular mechanism(s) is currently lacking. • In vitro algorithm that mimics high intensity exercise (HIE): Previously published studies using myofascial stem cells (MSCs) have documented that multiple cycles of rapid stretch and release can alter the proliferation and …

Association Between Melanoma Tumor Thickness And Risk Of Metastasis: A Seer Database Retrospective Analysis, Raya Marashdeh, Hunter Brady, Natalie Freeman, Amanda Mccoy

DO Research Day

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer and remains responsible for most skin cancer–related deaths because of its ability to metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant organs.1 Breslow thickness has consistently been identified as the most important prognostic factor in melanoma. It measures the vertical depth of invasion from the upper portion of the epidermis to the deepest invasive melanoma cell and is incorporated into the AJCC staging system.2 Although conventional staging relies on categorical thickness thresholds, tumor thickness represents a continuous biological variable. Categorizing patients into discrete thickness groups may obscure important differences …

Do Research Day Program 2026, Lincoln Memorial University, Debusk College Of Osteopathic Medicine

DO Research Day

DO Research Day was hosted by the DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine at Lincoln Memorial University. This program features abstracts from the LMU-DCOM community.

Gene Therapy Access, Financing, And Equity For Medicaid Populations: A Scoping Review To Inform Tenncare Coverage Policy, Trey Henderson, Brandy Fuesting

DO Research Day

High-cost gene therapies lists at $0.85M–$3.5M per treatment, and Medicaid coverage requirements obligate state programs like TennCare to confront reimbursement they were not designed to absorb. Objective: To map what existing literature reports on gene therapy access models, financing, equity, and coverage barriers to inform TennCare policy. Methods: JBI/PRISMA-ScR scoping review; 245 sources charted across four themes (access barrier, financing model, equity focus, payer relevance, study design). Results: Pricing/affordability is the dominant barrier for patients (67%). Outcomes-based contracts are the leading proposed financing mechanism and cluster in Medicaid-relevant work. Conclusions: Evidence points to outcomes-based, multi-state Medicaid financing, anchored by the …

Beyond Burnout: A Systematic Review Of The Mental Health Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Physicians In The U.S., Tiffany Iheanacho, Fred Wenger, Etianna E. Cadet, Yahya Korteh, Muhammed Gaye

DO Research Day

Background: Five years after the COVID-19 pandemic, its long-term psychological impact on physicians remains important to assess. Physicians experienced PTSD, burnout, anxiety, insomnia, distress, and depression, yet few studies reported outcomes disaggregated by race, limiting understanding of disparities among marginalized physicians.

Objectives: To quantify the prevalence of mental health outcomes among U.S. physicians during COVID-19 and identify interventions and systemic strategies to mitigate physician mental health burdens during future public health emergencies.

Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Lincoln Memorial University Library were searched for studies published from 2020–2025. Of 48 studies identified, 21 met inclusion criteria. …

Association Between Nutrition Access And Birth Outcomes In Rural Vs Urban Tennessee: A County-Level Analysis, Adiva Haq, Nathalie Mendoza-Salas, Mary Carrasco, Natalie E. Freeman Phd

DO Research Day

Food insecurity and limited access to nutritious foods are linked to gestational diabetes, low birth weight, and maternal stress.1,3 Rural residents often have fewer full-service grocery stores and rely on convenience stores with little fresh food.4 Rural communities may also face broader gaps in health resources and care,2 which may widen maternal and infant health disparities. This matters in Tennessee, where rural counties make up a substantial proportion of the state’s area and population. Few studies have examined food insecurity and birth outcomes across Tennessee, especially by rurality. We evaluated these associations across all 95 counties, emphasizing rural–urban differences, to …

Impacts Of Semaglutide On Monocyte–Endothelial Crosstalk In Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology, Yukta Bichala, Seeba Gupta, Kathryn Pofok, Abrar Hussain, Andrea Linares, Mir S. Adil Phd

DO Research Day

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which monocyte-endothelial interactions contribute to early plaque development through inflammatory activation of endothelial adhesion molecules, including ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Although the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events clinically, its direct effects on inflammatory monocyte-endothelial interactions remain unclear. Objective: To establish an in vitro model of monocyte-endothelial interactions under inflammatory conditions and investigate whether semaglutide reduces TNF-α-induced monocyte adhesion and migration across activated endothelial cells. Methods: EA.hy926 endothelial cells and THP-1 monocytes were cultured under optimized conditions. TNF-αwas used to induce endothelial inflammation, with PBS as a negative control and atorvastatin as …

Slicing Through Innovation: Assessing The Durability And Effectiveness Of 3d Printed Scalpel Handles, Christopher Root, Chad Clark, Stephen Mcnichol, Natalie Freeman

DO Research Day

Advancements in 3D printing technology have revolutionized the manufacturing of medical instruments, offering new possibilities for creating customized and cost-effective tools. This study investigates the mechanical properties and breaking points of 3D printed scalpel handles using three different thermoplastic materials: Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG), Polylactic Acid (PLA), and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). The handles were designed to replicate standard surgical scalpel dimensions and were printed using identical parameters across all samples to ensure consistency. Mechanical testing, including tensile and flexural strength tests, was conducted on all specimens to determine their breaking points under stress typically encountered during surgical procedures. Results …

Prolonged Hormonal Contraceptive Use And Reproductive Recovery: A Narrative Review Of Fertility Outcomes, Hannah Himsl, Beverly Hamilton Ph.D

DO Research Day

Background: Hormonal contraceptives are widely used for pregnancy prevention and management of gynecologic conditions. Because these methods alter endocrine function, many women worry that prolonged use may make it harder to become pregnant after stopping. This review examines current evidence on fertility recovery following long-term hormonal contraceptive use.

Objective: To evaluate evidence regarding:

• Return to fertility after discontinuation
• Differences among contraceptive methods
• Effects on ovarian reserve markers (AMH and AFC)
• Long-term reproductive outcomes
• Clinical implications for patient counseling

Methods:

• Design: Narrative literature review
• Databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, hand search of Fertility and Sterility
• Search Period: December …