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Popliteus Interposition In Metaphyseal Tibial Fractures: The Radiographic Clues That Cannot Be Missed, Lucca Gontijo Giarola, Paulo De Tarso Cardoso Gomes, Robinson Esteves Dos Santos Pires, Guilherme Moreira Abreu E Silva, Marco Antônio Percope De Andrade, Túlio Vinícius De Oliveira Campos

Western Journal of Orthopaedics

High-energy proximal tibia fractures present significant challenges for orthopaedic surgeons, with well-recognized risks including malreduction and nonunion. Although double plating through two mini-open parallel incisions is an established technique for selected patients, nonuion can still occur. One potential contributing factor is entrapment of the popliteus muscle within the distal spike of the posteromedial plateau fragment. This report uses illustrative cases to demonstrate how to identify, address, and prevent this complication. Strategies for managing delayed cases that progress to nonunion are also discussed

Development And Evaluation Of A Modular 3-D Printed Adapter For Hands-Free Tissue Retraction, Fady E. Attia, Vijay A. Chhabra, Vaibhav Tadepalli,, Joseph Attia, Michael M. Hadeed

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Fracture fixation procedures typically require precise retraction of soft tissues in order to provide adequate exposure of bone fragments for reduction and fixation. Such procedures require the use of multiple surgical assistants to maintain proper tissue retraction. This manual retraction using traditional instruments, such as Hohmann and Weitlaner retractors, can lead to inefficiencies and poor labor allocation within the operating room (OR). The purpose therefore is to develop and evaluate a three dimensional (3D)-printed Nylon PA12 adapter designed to dock Hohmann retractors onto Weitlaner retractors, enabling hands-free retraction during fracture fixation procedures and potentially improving labor allocation in the OR. …

Association Of Perioperative Steroid Use With Recovery Rate And Postoperative Infection Risk In Spinal Cord Injury, Nathan Zou, Athikur Rahman, Brian Lynch

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare recovery and infection outcomes between teenagers and adults who undergo surgery for traumatic spine injuries and the effect of steroid administration. Steroids are often used in traumatic spine injuries to help recovery, however there is a concern that steroid use could increase the risk of infection due to the suppression of the immune system. We examined the impact of postoperative steroid use on recovery rates and infection rates in both age groups.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX Research Network, which includes data from over 100 healthcare …

Benign Painful Soft Tissue Tumors Of The Digits: A Contemporary Review, Nethmi Withanage, Athikur Rahman, Lawrence Hurst, Samantha Muhlrad

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Purpose: Benign painful tumors of the digit are commonly encountered in hand surgery yet frequently pose diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical presentations. This review synthesizes current evidence on eight benign soft tissue tumors and cystic lesions that commonly cause digital pain: glomus tumor, giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS), digital mucous cyst, digital ganglion cyst, epidermoid inclusion cyst, pyogenic granuloma, nerve sheath tumors, and angioleiomyoma.

Methods: A comprehensive review of PubMed/MEDLINE was performed, supplemented by hand surgery textbooks and online educational resources. Case series, retrospective cohort studies, and review articles were included.

Results: Each tumor exhibits a …

Large Language Models Improve Readability Of Patient Education Materials On Vascular Conditions, Melissa Chen Xu, Nicola Habash, Justin Do, Jiaying Bi, Dawn Salvatore, Paul J Dimuzio, Michael Nooromid, Babak Abai

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Objective: Patient education materials frequently exceed the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown inconsistent accuracy in medical query responses, they have demonstrated promise in simplifying complex text. This capability has not yet been studied in vascular patient education materials. This study evaluates whether ChatGPT-4o and Gemini 1.5 Pro can improve the readability of Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) patient education flyers. Methods: SVS health flyers were selected based on five common vascular conditions: abdominal aortic aneurysm, carotid artery disease, deep vein thrombosis, peripheral artery disease, and varicose veins. Each flyer was submitted to ChatGPT-4o and …

Infected Intra-Abdominal Hematoma Post-Laparoscopic One-Anastomosis Mini Gastric Bypass: Case Report And Literature Review, Musa Machibya, Hellen Mram, Jackline Gabone, Ally Mwanga, Tanseer Asghar, Authar Ali

General Surgery, East Africa

Introduction: Laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a widely performed bariatric procedure with favorable outcomes; however, it carries a risk of postoperative complications. An infected intra-abdominal hematoma is a rare but potentially serious complication, often presenting with nonspecific features that can delay diagnosis.

Case presentation: A 29-year-old female with class II obesity (BMI 36 kg/m2 ) underwent elective laparoscopic OAGB. The immediate postoperative course was uneventful, and she was discharged in stable condition. Eleven days later, she presented with fever and systemic symptoms without significant abdominal findings. Laboratory investigations suggested sepsis. Imaging revealed a large perigastric collection consistent with …

Reversible Hemi-Parkinsonism Syndrome Secondary To Bilateral Subdural Hematomas: Case Report And Literature Review, Musa Machibya, Godlove Mlay, Kelvin Sawe, Zainab Ali, Mugisha Clement, Philip Adebayo

General Surgery, East Africa

Introduction: Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a rare but reversible cause of secondary parkinsonism. Bilateral CSDH presenting with unilateral parkinsonian features is exceptionally uncommon.

Case presentation: A 61-year-old male from Comoros developed a right-hand tremor, intermittent dystonia, and mild right-sided motor deficits months after a motor vehicle accident. Medical therapy was ineffective. Imaging revealed bilateral frontoparietal subdural collections with a right hematoma causing a midline shift. Bilateral burr-hole evacuation led to marked improvement, with the UPDRS Part III score improving from approximately 7 to 1–2 points and near-complete hematoma resolution on follow-up.

Discussion: This case demonstrates the variable …

Histopathological Effects Of The Intrathecal Chondroitinase Abc Administration In Spinal Cord Injured Rats: A Systematic Review, Mohammad Amin Habibi, Ali Anjomshoa, Mohsen Sadeghi-Naini, Zahra Ghodsi, Samuel Berchi Kankam, Erfan Razavi, Armin Aryannejad, Seyed Mohammad Piri, Akam Ramezani, Rasha Atlasi, Kawthar Mohamed, Sina Shoo, Meysam Kaveh, Akbar Fotouhi, Arman Zeinaddini, James S. Harrop, Alex R. Vaccaro, Michael G. Fehlings, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Introduction: Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) has been considered a potential treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI). We aim to identify and evaluate the histopathological effects of intrathecal ChABC administration in SCI rat models.

Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library for studies published from the inception of each database until November 22, 2022.

Results: Of 3857 screened citations, 17 studies met eligibility criteria and were entered into the qualitative analysis. Sixteen studies were of high quality, and one study was of medium quality. The four main rat strains used in studies were Sprague-Dawley, Wistar, Lister hooded, …

Lost Fractures: Prevalence And Risk Factors For Missed Costosternal And Costal Cartilage Fractures Among Patients With Radiologic Chest Wall Injury., Joseph D Forrester, Mohamad Abou Chaar, Andrew T Barnes, Zachary M Bauman, Samy Bendjemil, Nizama N Betts, Benjamin Christie, Raaga Dasari, Devoe Wb, Michelle J Earley, Bradley Faliks, Tracy J Johns, Connie Johnson, Michelle S Junker, Brian D Kim, Jonathan M King, Ariel Whitney Knight, Alexis A Schweibinz, Daniel Stephens, Mary Stuever, Simeng Wang

Trauma and Acute Care Articles

BACKGROUND: Costosternal cartilages and the costal margin, collectively termed costal cartilage, are hyaline cartilage connecting ribs to the sternum and to adjacent ribs, respectively. Presence of intact costal cartilage is essential for elasticity of the chest wall. Anecdotally, costal cartilage injuries are underdiagnosed on trauma CT scan in patients with rib fractures. Our aim was to determine a baseline frequency of acute costal cartilage injury among patients presenting with rib fractures.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of injured adult patients admitted to Level I/II trauma centers with rib fractures from January 2020 to July 2024. CT images obtained …

Bone Healing During A Dysregulated Inflammatory Phase: Comparative Skeletal Features In 5-Lipoxygenase Knockout And Wild Type Mice, Marco Hernandez, Nidhin John, Bhuvana L. Chandrashekar, Mariza A. Matsumoto, Naohiro Shibuya, Claudia Biguetti

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Background: High-risk patients, such as those with diabetic neuropathy, often experience prolonged and dysregulated inflammation during bone healing. The 5-lipoxygenase (5LO) pathway is a key mediator of inflammation and bone resorption and may influence these outcomes. Therefore, understanding the skeletal features associated with 5LO genetic deletion may help identify therapeutic opportunities to improve healing in high-risk patients.

Objective: To determine how genetic deletion of 5LO affects skeletal structure and macrophage phenotypes, with the goal of identifying therapeutic targets to improve bone healing in high-risk patients.

Materials and Methods: A total of 10, adult (3 months old), 129/SvEv male mice were …

Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonism With Lemborexant Enhances Microglial Clearance Of Β-Amyloid In Mice, Ashish Sharma, Emiko Segawa, Xiaoying Chen, Sohui Park, Shoutang Wang, Riley E. Irmen, Nicholas J. Constantino, Chanung Wang, Michael F. Kanan, Marco Colonna, Shannon L. Macauley, Jocelyn Y. Cheng, Ken Hatanaka, Margaret Moline, Erik S. Musiek

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Background: Sleep disturbances elevate brain amyloid-beta (Aβ) levels and represent a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The orexin/hypocretin system regulates sleep–wake behavior and has emerged as a therapeutic target in AD; however, the effects of FDA-approved dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) on amyloid pathology remain unclear. We compared lemborexant, an FDA-approved DORA, to doxepin, an antihistaminergic sleep medication, on amyloid pathology and microglial responses in PSAPP mice.

Methods: PSAPP mice received lemborexant (10 or 30 mg/kg/day), doxepin (35 mg/kg/day), or vehicle for 6 weeks beginning prior to plaque onset or 4 weeks after established pathology. Sleep was assessed …

Microgravity-Induced Alterations In Left Atrial Hemodynamics And Thrombogenic Risk: Insights From Healthy And Atrial Fibrillation Models, Grace M. Hoeppner

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Background: Microgravity exposure alters cardiovascular loading, yet its impact on left atrial flow dynamics and thrombotic risk remains poorly understood. This study investigates how spaceflight-relevant microgravity-induced changes in cardiac outflow affect left atrial hemodynamics in healthy individuals and patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods: Patient-specific left atrial models were generated for three healthy individuals and three AF patients. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed using each patient’s baseline mitral outflow waveform and two modified waveforms representing short- and long-duration post-flight cardiac loading changes derived from echocardiographic observations. Hemodynamic metrics included left atrial velocity, time averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear …

Effect Of Canagliflozin Pretreatment On The Efficacy Of Insulin Therapy To Rescue Type 1 Diabetes-Related Bone Fragility In Male Mice, Jeffry S. Nyman, R. Clay Bunn, Sasidhar Uppuganti, Elizabeth M. Hennen, Plaban Mishra, Philip D. Ray, Anthony Garcia Mendez, Evangelia Kalaitzoglou, John L. Fowlkes

Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center Faculty Publications

Humans with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher-than-expected fracture risk, and bone is weak in mouse models of T1D. Since hyperglycemia is thought to deleteriously affect tissue-level sensitivity of insulin action, we hypothesized that glucose-lowering by canagliflozin (Cana) improves the ability of insulin treatment to rescue the T1D-related decrease in bone strength. To test this hypothesis, male DBA/2 mice with and without streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia at 8 weeks of age were fed a diet with and without Cana (50 ppm) at 10 weeks of age and then the T1D mice, regardless of placebo diet or Cana diet, were treated …

Evolution Of A Client‐Level Dataset: 20 Years Of National Child Traumatic Stress Network Data Collection, C. A. Purbeck, A. N. Cooke, L. J. Liang, C. Smith, J. Staten, J. Epstein, H. B. Hodgdon, Jessica Eslinger, A. Wells, J. Goodrich, T. H. Bethel, K. Willett, Y. C. Fu, J. A. Fairbank, E. C. Briggs

Center on Trauma and Children Faculty Publications

Objectives: For 20 years, the National Child Traumatic Stress Network's (NCTSN) data collection efforts have been a central mechanism for Clinical Quality Improvement (ClQI). The NCTSN is a federally funded initiative in the United States composed of programs dedicated to raising the standard of care and increasing access to services for children and families who have experienced traumatic events.

Methods: These efforts span three initiatives: the Core Data Set (CDS), the Clinical Improvement through Measurement Initiative (CIMI) Measurement Based Care (MBC), and CIMI Data Sharing (CIMI-DS) that collected and analyzed client-level data to improve care for children and families served …

Effectiveness Of Interferential Stimulation And Anorectal Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On Secondary Encopresis In Children: A Comparative Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial, Seham M. Abd El-Moghny, Mohamed I. Elsepaee, Abdelaty Alghonimy, Rabab S. Mohamed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Encopresis, fecal soiling is often secondary to functional constipation and retention. It is significantly impact a child's psychological health as it can result in feelings of shame, social isolation, and low self-esteem and negatively affect their quality of life and their families. Objective To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of interferential stimulation (IF) applied on sigmoid colon and anorectal neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), in combination with behavioral therapy and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), in improving continence outcomes in children with secondary encopresis refractory to laxatives. Methods In this comparative randomized controlled clinical trial, 30 children (5–10 …

Prospective Validation And Comparison Of Laboratory Risk Indicator For Necrotizing Fasciitis (Lrinec) And Site Other Than Lower Limb, Immunosuppression, Age, Renal Impairment, And Inflammatory Markers (Siari) Scoring Systems For Necrotizing Fasciitis In Critically Ill Patients., Talal Ibrahim Mostafa Hagag, Shimaa Mohamed Kalama

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) are rapidly progressive infections that are dangerous to life, with high morbidity and mortality. Prompt surgical and medical management is necessary and stands mostly on precise identification as well as risk stratification. In order to enhance diagnostic as well as prognostic accuracy, prognostic scoring systems like the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) as well as the most recent Site, Immunosuppression, Age, Renal impairment, and inflammatory markers (SIARI) score, were introduced. Methods A prospective observational cohort study was carried out during June-August 2024 in Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital among 60 patients who had …

Albuminuria Screening Among Egyptian Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases, Regardless Of Their Diabetic Condition, Amira Fawzy Soliman, Khaled Shelbaya, Wael Abdelatief Mohamed Elhakeem, Osama Louis, Basheer Hafez, Wael Ali, Tarek M.Abdelaziz Elkholy, Baher Emil Ibrahim, Mahmoud M Abdou, Bassem Zarif

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Even in the absence of overt kidney disease, albuminuria is increasingly recognized as a marker of systemic endothelial dysfunction and heightened cardiovascular risk. This prospective cohort study aimed to evaluate whether baseline urinary albumin-tocreatinine ratio (UACR) predicts subsequent incident cardiovascular outcomes among Egyptian adults with cardiovascular disease, regardless of diabetic status.

Thyroid Function Abnormalities Among Reproductive-Aged Women With Menstrual Irregularities In A Tertiary Teaching Hospital, Ahmed Alsayed Kassab, Amira Yones Mohamed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and Objective:Menstrual irregularities are a common gynecological complaint, often linked to thyroid dysfunction, which disrupts the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis. This study sought to assess prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among reproductive-aged women with menstrual irregularities and to evaluate the specific clinical and hormonal correlations between different menstrual patterns and Thyroid Status. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 women presenting with menstrual irregularities. Participants were classified as Euthyroid, Subclinical Hypothyroid, Overt Hypothyroid, or Hyperthyroid. Descriptive statistics summarized baseline data (e.g., mean Age = 29.63 plus or minus 7.97 years). The association between Menstrual Irregularity Type and Thyroid Status was assessed using …

What Is The Association Between Iron Deficiency Anemia And The Frequency Or Severity Of Febrile Seizures In Children Under The Age Of 5?, Rehab Fawzy Abdel Mohsen Soliman, Samar Mahmoud Ahmed, Yasmen Ahmed Said, Shaimaa Mohamed Hassan, Dalia Hassanin Hussin, Dina Gaber Soliman, Zeinab Abdalla Ali, Eman Farouk Osman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and Aim Febrile seizures (FS) are a common type of convulsion in young children and are frequently associated with fever in the absence of a central nervous system infection. This study aims to investigate the relationship between iron deficiency and febrile seizures, focusing on their occurrence, severity, and recurrence in children aged 6 months to 5 years. Methodology This study employed a case-control design and was conducted at El Sahel Teaching Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, over 12 months. The study sample consisted of 160 children, 80 of whom had febrile seizures and another 80 who were age- and sex-matched …

A Comparison Of Haemodialysis And Renal Transplantation On Male Sexual Function And Hormonal Abnormalities, Hala Ibrahim Mohamed, Ahmad Mohamad Abbas Elseasi

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Sexual dysfunction and hormonal imbalance are common in males with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), particularly among those on chronic hemodialysis. Kidney transplantation may restore endocrine homeostasis and improve sexual function. This study aimed to compare the effects of hemodialysis and renal transplantation on male sexual function and related hormonal profiles. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 married men (≥18 years) with ESRD at National Institute of Urology and Nephrology from October 2024 to October 2025. Participants were divided into two groups: Group I (hemodialysis) and Group II (renal transplantation). Clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and hormonal assays (Folliclestimulating …

Transcortical Approach For Central Neurocytoma: Efficacy, Safety, And Functional Outcome, Eslam Abozied Kandil

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare intraventricular neuronal tumor that predominantly affects young adults and is frequently associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. Surgical resection remains the cornerstone of treatment, yet the optimal surgical corridor and predictors of long-term outcome remain debated. Objective To evaluate the efficacy, safety, functional outcomes, and oncological control of transcortical microsurgical resection for central neurocytoma at a single neurosurgical center. Methods A retrospective review was conducted of all patients undergoing transcortical resection of central neurocytoma between 2017 and 2025. Clinical presentation, radiological characteristics, surgical approach, extent of resection, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion, postoperative complications, functional outcomes, …

The Impact And Prevalence Of Pain In Adolescents And Children Living With Type-One Diabetes Mellitus, Randa Mohamed Darwish, Ayat Ibrahim Ghanem, Lamis Safwat Mubarak

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Pain is frequent but often underrated and even overlooked in adolescents and children living with type-one diabetes mellitus and can negatively impact their quality of life(QoL) and their cooperation within the management plan. Objective: To discern the common types , severity and prevalence of pain in pediatrics living with type-one-diabetes;compared to the group of diabetes-free control, and to probe associations with glycemic control, fatigue, and (QoL). Methods: This cross-sectional study incorporated 102 adolescents and children withtype -one- diabetesmellitus; and 99 age- and sex-matched healthy peers aged 8- 16 years. Pain intensity was evaluated using the (body-pain) domain in the …

Atrial Fibrillation After Off-Pump Versus On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery, Ahmed Abdalla Mohamed, Ahmed M Elshemy, Sherif M Elboghdady, Wael S Nekhila, Azza A Katta

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Among postoperative arrhythmic complications, atrial fibrillation (AF) exhibits the greatest prevalence after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study investigates the comparative prevalence of AF between on-pump and off-pump techniques. Aim To compare the POAF (post-operative atrial fibrillation) incidence between off-pump and on-pump CABG Methods A randomized (simple) cohort study prospectively investigated the influence of surgical practice in CABG, contrasting off-pump (OPCAB) and on-pump (ONCAB) methods, on the early postoperative occurrence of atrial fibrillation (POAF), defined as within the first 24 hours post-surgery. In a cohort of 128 consecutive patients (95 off-pump, 33 on-pump), the study compared groups based …

Evaluation Of Left Cardiac Chamber And Cardiac Size With Non Ecg Gated Ct In Cancer Patients And Its Role In Determining Cardiomyopathy, Manal Mohamed Refaat Beshir, Samia Yehia Heikal, Shaimaa Abdalaleem Abdalgeleel, Dalia Ibraheem El Saied, Sarah Mamdouh Osman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: A number of cardiovascular processes have been linked to cardiac chamber and cardiac size increase as a significant biomarker for predicting morbidity and death. There is no standardized technique for assessing and reporting cardiac chamber and cardiac size, despite the fact that non-electrocardiographically (ECG) gated multidetector CT is a frequently utilized cross-sectional imaging modality to assess numerous cardiothoracic diseases . Patients and Methods :Our study encompassed 106 patients. All patients were diagnosed with primary cancer and underwent computed tomography (CT) for either initial evaluation or subsequent monitoring. Cardiac measurements were obtained in CT and compared to Echocardiographic results done …

Association Of Arterial Partial Oxygen Pressure With Mortality In Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: An Observational Prospective Cohort Study, Talal Ibrahim Mostafa Hagag, Salwa M.A. Dahesh

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Up till now, the best oxygenation plan in sepsis is a moot point. Although both hypoxemia and hyperoxemia have been linked to negative outcomes, it is unclear whether the arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂) contributes to mortality on its own. The present study aimed to study the association between the arterial partial oxygen pressure and the mortality among critically ill patients with sepsis. Methods A prospective observational study was carried out, including 120 critically ill patients with sepsis. The patients were classified according to arterial partial oxygen pressure into two groups: the PaO₂ >80 mmHg group, which included 61 patients, …

Applicability Of The Cleveland Clinic Scoring Tool For The Risk Prediction Of Acute Kidney Injury After Adult Cardiac Surgery., Ahmed A Faragalla, Ahmed M Elshiemy, Wael S Nekhila, Sherif M Elboghdady

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Post-cardiac surgery acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant complication associated with increased mortality, longer ICU stays, and higher healthcare costs. The Cleveland Clinic Scoring Tool (CCST) aids preoperative risk evaluation, facilitating tailored prevention strategies. Aim This study evaluates the relevance of the CCST in prospectively assessing AKI risk in adult patients undergoing various cardiac surgeries. Methods This prospective cohort study (tertiary centre, Jan 2021-Aug 2023) assessed the CCST for preoperative AKI risk in adult open-heart surgery (OHS) patients. Consenting adults (≥18) undergoing elective/emergency OHS were included, excluding those with pre- AKI (KDIGO), dialysis-dependent ESRD, aortic dissection, shock, or …

The Postoperative Analgesic Effect Of Lumbar Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Pericapsular Nerve Group Block In Patients Undergoing Hip Surgeries, Islam M. El-Desoky, Mohamed Elshafey, Amal Ismail Abdelrahman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Hip surgery requires effective pain control for proper recovery and decreasing the length of hospital stay. Aims: We aimed to assess the analgesic effect of Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and pericapsular nerve group (PENG) blocks in pain control after hip operations. Methods: This randomized clinical trial included 69 ASA I–II patients scheduled for hip surgery were randomly allocated into three groups: PENG block, ESPB, and control groups (23 each). The primary outcome was postoperative pain assessed via the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at rest and during movement. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative and 48-hour morphine consumption, time to first …

The Role Of Human Sarcosine Dehydrogenase And Endothelial Growth Factor In Early Diagnosis Of Cancer Prostate, Hala Ibrahim Mohamed, Amr Mohamed Mounier Elsofy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: As the second most common cancer in males, prostate cancer contributes significantly to cancer-related deaths. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and digital rectal examinations are used to identify it, albeit PSA screenings frequently produce unreliable results. Initial symptoms may include sexual dysfunction and urinary problems. The standard diagnostic method is biopsies, which are carried out under the direction of ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, they are risky and can result in infections and erectile dysfunction, which emphasizes the need for better biomarkers. Sarcosine and vascular endothelial growth factor are important metabolites associated with the progression of prostate cancer, …

Role Of New-Onset Qt Prolongation In Ecg In Critically Ill Septic Patients As A Prognostic Tool: An Observational Prospective Cohort Icu Study, Talal Ibrahim Mostafa Hagag, Salwa M.A. Dahesh

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background QT interval prolongation is a common finding among critically ill patients and could be a marker of autonomic nervous dysregulation, instability of metabolism, and/or septic cardiomyopathy. Nevertheless, its prognostic role among septic ICU populations remains unclarified. The current aim of this study was to explore its potential role regarding short-term mortality. Methods In this cohort study, 119 septic adults were included in the study within 24 hours of ICU admission. Demographics, clinical variables, lab values, and QTc intervals were measured within 2 hours of ICU admission following exclusion for clinically significant electrolyte imbalances and use of QT-prolonging medications. QTc …

A Narrative Review Of Bertolotti's Syndrome: Etiology, Classification, Diagnosis, And Treatment, Matyas Abel Tsegaye, Andrea Muffly

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Bertolotti's syndrome is a congenital condition characterized by chronic low back pain stemming from a lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV). Because the condition is frequently overlooked, patients often face years of delayed diagnosis before the true source of their pain is identified. Furthermore, current information regarding the biological origins and clinical management of the condition remain scattered. To address this knowledge gap, this narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of Bertolotti’s syndrome by consolidating these disparate sources and suggesting new connections. We synthesize the latest understanding of this condition, ranging from its genetic origins to modern clinical management. We …