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Size Of Pediatric Tracheostomy Tube And Predictors Of Postoperative Complications, Soukaina Eljamri, Jordyn Lucas, Amber Shaffer, Basil Hashimi, Marina Rushchak, Reema Padia Jan 2025

Size Of Pediatric Tracheostomy Tube And Predictors Of Postoperative Complications, Soukaina Eljamri, Jordyn Lucas, Amber Shaffer, Basil Hashimi, Marina Rushchak, Reema Padia

Department of Otolaryngology (ENT) Faculty Publications

Objective

(1) To investigate weight as an alternative guide for trach tube choice. (2) Evaluate complications 3-month posttracheostomy and associations with patient and trach tube factors.

Study design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Single academic medical center.

Methods

Patients < 2 years old who underwent tracheostomy placement from 2017 to 2022 were identified. Associations between trach characteristics, trach size/length, chest x-ray (CXR) and intraoperative endoscopy measurements, and complications within 3 months posttracheostomy placement were evaluated.

Results

In total, 68 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 4 months (range: 1 day to 1.74 years) and weight of 4.1 kg (range: 1.8-11.6 kg) at the time of the procedure. The length of the trachea measured on CXR was more closely associated with weight (ρ = 0.403, P = .0007) than with age (ρ = …


Combination Of Hsp90 Inhibitors And Hsp70 Inducers Prevent Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis In Rabbits, Ruben M. L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel A. Solopov, Tierney Day, Dan E. Austin Jr., Len E. Murray, John D. Catravas Jan 2025

Combination Of Hsp90 Inhibitors And Hsp70 Inducers Prevent Hydrochloric Acid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis In Rabbits, Ruben M. L. Colunga Biancatelli, Pavel A. Solopov, Tierney Day, Dan E. Austin Jr., Len E. Murray, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Combined therapies with Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) inducers are gaining significant interest in cancer and cardiovascular research. Here, we tested the hypothesis that HSP90 inhibitors and HSP70 inducers, together, can block the development of pulmonary fibrosis. We exposed New Zealand White Rabbits to hydrochloric acid (HCl, 0.1 N, 1.5 mL/kg), one of the top five chemicals most commonly involved in accidental exposures and inhalation injuries worldwide, and treated animals with either the orally available HSP90 inhibitor TAS-116 (1.7 mg/kg 5x/week) or TAS-116 combined with the HSP70 inducer, geranylgeranyl acetone (GGA, 50 mg/kg, …


Glutamatergic Lateral Habenula Neurons Modulate Consolidation Of Associative Memories, Snigdha Srivastava, I-Ching Wang, Mikhail Y Kochukov, Jessica L Swanson, Mauro Costa-Mattioli, Benjamin R Arenkiel Jan 2025

Glutamatergic Lateral Habenula Neurons Modulate Consolidation Of Associative Memories, Snigdha Srivastava, I-Ching Wang, Mikhail Y Kochukov, Jessica L Swanson, Mauro Costa-Mattioli, Benjamin R Arenkiel

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

INTRODUCTION: Despite the rise in psychiatric disorders worldwide, the underlying brain circuits responsible for these devastating conditions remain elusive. The lateral habenula (LHb) has emerged as a key brain structure in depression studies due to its hyperactive state in both patients and animal models. While this aligns with known roles in driving aversive states and regulating serotonin release, it is still unclear how acute and transient activity changes in the LHb can influence higher order cognitive processes such as learning, memory, and behavioral adaptation. Given the importance of these processes to psychiatric conditions, understanding how LHb activity impacts cognitive function …


Optimizing Decision-Making In A Cerebral Palsy Model Using Reinforcement Learning, Richard Ampah Jan 2025

Optimizing Decision-Making In A Cerebral Palsy Model Using Reinforcement Learning, Richard Ampah

Pitzer Senior Theses

This study presents an original interdisciplinary investigation into how reinforcement learning (RL) can model motor and cognitive defects and potentially improve motor and cognitive functions in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), a non-progressive neurological disorder that impairs movement and adaptability. Integrating computational neuroscience and machine learning, the research applies policy gradient methods and Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) to simulate adaptive learning in agents with and without CP-related constraints.

The central aim is to compare the cumulative rewards of optimal policies, derived from value iteration, and human-like learning policies using the REINFORCE algorithm, both with and without the Bellman baseline. The …


Closing The Gap: Standardizing Sepsis Management To Address Racial Disparities Across Oregon Providence Hospitals, Jennifer Wong, Do, Shelley Schoepflin Sanders Jan 2025

Closing The Gap: Standardizing Sepsis Management To Address Racial Disparities Across Oregon Providence Hospitals, Jennifer Wong, Do, Shelley Schoepflin Sanders

Abstracts, Posters, Presentations

No abstract provided.


Characterization Of Sarcoidosis At A Combined Rheumatology-Pulmonary Clinic, Megan Schermerhorn, Md, Julianna Desmarais, Md Jan 2025

Characterization Of Sarcoidosis At A Combined Rheumatology-Pulmonary Clinic, Megan Schermerhorn, Md, Julianna Desmarais, Md

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by formation of small clusters of inflammatory cells that form granulomas. Heterogenous and typically involves multiple organ systems with varying degrees of morbidity and mortality. Poorly defined treatment landscape. The purpose of this study was to characterize a cohort of sarcoidosis patients in a combined rheumatology-pulmonary clinic according to organ involvement and treatment over 5 years. Discussion: •Single center academic study of a that is the first of its kind. •Data highlights complexity and heterogeneity of patients with sarcoidosis and utility of combined rheumatology – pulmonary clinic. •65.3% of patients exhibited …


Comparison Of Apixaban And Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion Device (Watchman) In Preventing Stroke And Systemic Embolism In Atrial Fibrillation Patients, Sreeja Konatham Jan 2025

Comparison Of Apixaban And Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion Device (Watchman) In Preventing Stroke And Systemic Embolism In Atrial Fibrillation Patients, Sreeja Konatham

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Atrial fibrillation is a cardiac arrhythmia associated with increased risk of stroke and systemic embolism. Apixaban, an oral anticoagulant, and the Watchman, a left atrial appendage closure device, are the currently used therapeutic treatments for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in atrial fibrillation patients. However, a direct comparison of these two treatments with respect to safety and effectiveness remains limited. This research evaluates Apixaban and the Watchman device by analysing the clinical trial data and full regulatory approval pathways. Apixaban has been approved through New Drug Application process, and the Watchman device is approved via the premarket approval …


Sirs Alert In Emergency Department Triage, Reilly Gardner, Alaine Schauer Jan 2025

Sirs Alert In Emergency Department Triage, Reilly Gardner, Alaine Schauer

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.


Nurse Education For Perinatal Substance Use Disorder And Mental Health, Michelle Simpson Jan 2025

Nurse Education For Perinatal Substance Use Disorder And Mental Health, Michelle Simpson

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.


Exercise And Inflammation In Female Survivors Of Breast Cancer: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis With Secondary Mediation Analysis On Body Composition, Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R. Taaffe, Anita Borsati, Alice Avancini, Sara Pilotto, Stefano G. Lazzarini, Pedro Lopez, Luca Maestroni, Umberto Crainich, Enrico Bandini, John P. Campbell, Timothy D. Clay, Daniel A. Galvão, Robert U. Newton Jan 2025

Exercise And Inflammation In Female Survivors Of Breast Cancer: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis With Secondary Mediation Analysis On Body Composition, Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R. Taaffe, Anita Borsati, Alice Avancini, Sara Pilotto, Stefano G. Lazzarini, Pedro Lopez, Luca Maestroni, Umberto Crainich, Enrico Bandini, John P. Campbell, Timothy D. Clay, Daniel A. Galvão, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Inflammation plays a key role in breast cancer recurrence and mortality by promoting tumor progression. Exercise significantly reduces pro-inflammatory markers such as IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, potentially reducing mortality risk. However, it is yet to be determined whether exercise-induced changes in body composition can modulate inflammatory biomarker responses in the breast cancer setting. Methods: We conducted a secondary mediation analysis based on the findings from our previously published systematic review with meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of exercise on IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and CRP and body composition and anthropometry measures such as lean mass (LM), …


Elevated Inflammation Supra-Additively Promotes The Progression From Prediabetes To Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Huancong Zheng, Xiong Ding, Hui Zhou, Kuangyi Wu, Weiqiang Wu, Zegui Huang, Xianxuan Wang, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Youren Chen Jan 2025

Elevated Inflammation Supra-Additively Promotes The Progression From Prediabetes To Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Huancong Zheng, Xiong Ding, Hui Zhou, Kuangyi Wu, Weiqiang Wu, Zegui Huang, Xianxuan Wang, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Youren Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background Factors impacting on the conversion of prediabetes to diabetes or normoglycemia remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of subclinical inflammation, assessed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), in the progression to diabetes from prediabetes, assessed by impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Methods Time-to-event survival analyses were conducted among 82 475 participants without diabetes from Kailuan Study (a real-life prospective cohort in China) to access the isolated and joint effect of hsCRP and IFG on diabetes risk, and quantify their relative contribution to incident diabetes. Results Over a median 11-year follow-up, 14 215 diabetes cases were recorded. IFG and …


Relationship Between Nontraditional Lipid Parameters And The Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes In Individuals Recovered From Dyslipidemia: A Cohort Study, Yuxian Wang, Zekai Chen, Zhen He, Hailun Qin, Kuangyi Wu, Huancong Zheng, Peng Fu, Zefeng Cai, Weiqiang Wu, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Shouling Wu, Youren Chen Jan 2025

Relationship Between Nontraditional Lipid Parameters And The Risk Of Type 2 Diabetes In Individuals Recovered From Dyslipidemia: A Cohort Study, Yuxian Wang, Zekai Chen, Zhen He, Hailun Qin, Kuangyi Wu, Huancong Zheng, Peng Fu, Zefeng Cai, Weiqiang Wu, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Shouling Wu, Youren Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims/Introduction: Lipid profiles are essential for assessing type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but individuals who recover from dyslipidemia are often overlooked, leaving their residual risk unclear. This study aimed to evaluate T2D risk in individuals with varying lipid change patterns and investigate the associations between traditional and novel lipid parameters with T2D risk among those recovered from dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study of the Kailuan Study, 39,283 non-diabetic participants were followed to evaluate T2D risk across lipid change patterns using the Cox proportional hazards models. A subset of 3,850 individuals recovered from dyslipidemia was analyzed to …


Understanding The Impact Of The Care Connect Washington Program, Hannah Cohen-Cline, Dan Fish, Taylor Doren, Abby Bush Jan 2025

Understanding The Impact Of The Care Connect Washington Program, Hannah Cohen-Cline, Dan Fish, Taylor Doren, Abby Bush

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.


Inpatient Utilization Among Medicaid Members With Substance Use And Serious Mental Illness In Oregon, Megan Holtorf Jan 2025

Inpatient Utilization Among Medicaid Members With Substance Use And Serious Mental Illness In Oregon, Megan Holtorf

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.


Igg N-Glycosylation Contributes To Different Severities Of Insulin Resistance: Implications For 3p Medical Approaches, Xiaohong Chen, Lois Balmer, Kun Lin, Weijie Cao, Ziyu Huang, Xiang Chen, Manshu Song, Yongsong Chen Jan 2025

Igg N-Glycosylation Contributes To Different Severities Of Insulin Resistance: Implications For 3p Medical Approaches, Xiaohong Chen, Lois Balmer, Kun Lin, Weijie Cao, Ziyu Huang, Xiang Chen, Manshu Song, Yongsong Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Reliable biomarkers capturing immunometabolic processes in insulin resistance (IR) remain limited. IgG N-glycosylation modulates immune responses and reflects metabolic disorders, yet its role in IR remains unclear. This study investigated its potential for early detection, risk stratification, and targeted prevention within the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM). Methods: A total of 313 participants were categorized into three groups based on the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR): insulin-sensitive (HOMA-IR < 2.69 without diabetes, n = 75), mild IR (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.69 without diabetes, n = 155), and severe IR (HOMA-IR ≥ 2.69 with type 2 diabetes, n = 83). Canonical correlation analysis was conducted to explore the overall relationship between IgG N-glycosylation and IR-related inflammation, indicated by tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin- 6, C-reactive protein, and adiponectin. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of IgG N-glycans on IR. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the association between IgG N-glycans and IR severity, with discriminative power evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: Pro-inflammatory IgG N-glycoforms, characterized by reduced sialylation and galactosylation, along with increased bisecting N-acetylglucosamine, were observed as IR severity increased. IgG N-glycosylation significantly correlated with inflammatory markers in the insulin-sensitive (r = 0.599, p < 0.05), mild (r = 0.461, p < 0.05), and severe (r = 0.666, p < 0.01) IR groups. IgG N-glycosylation significantly influenced IR (β = 0.406) partially via modulation of inflammation. Increased glycoforms FA2[6]G1 (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78–0.96) and A2G2S2 (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82–0.94) were associated with a lower IR risk, with respective area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.752, 0.683, and 0.764 for the insulin sensitive, mild, and severe IR groups. Conclusions: IgG N-glycosylation contributes to IR by modulating inflammatory responses. Glycoforms FA2[6]G1 and A2G2S2 emerge as protective biomarkers, offering potential for predicting and preventing IR through primary prevention strategies within the PPPM framework.


Clinical Impact Of Sub-Clonal Ras/Braf Alterations In Liquid Biopsies From Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Crc, Peter Gibbs, Khalid Abubaker, Danyi Wang, Zheng Feng, Jawad Hamad, Jiemin Liao, Christopher Stroh, Soetkin Vlassak, Kathrin Heinrich, Adnan Khattak, Juergen Scheuenpflug Jan 2025

Clinical Impact Of Sub-Clonal Ras/Braf Alterations In Liquid Biopsies From Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Crc, Peter Gibbs, Khalid Abubaker, Danyi Wang, Zheng Feng, Jawad Hamad, Jiemin Liao, Christopher Stroh, Soetkin Vlassak, Kathrin Heinrich, Adnan Khattak, Juergen Scheuenpflug

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC), a global health concern, requires effective treatments. Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) monoclonal antibodies are used for RAS wild-type and BRAFV600 mutation-negative metastatic CRC (mCRC) but are not indicated for RAS mutant CRC. Evidence suggests CRC patients with sub-clonal RAS/BRAF mutations in tumor tissue may benefit from anti-EGFRs. We assessed the outcomes of patients with sub-clonal RAS/BRAF mutated advanced/mCRC receiving anti-EGFRs using liquid-based GuardantINFORM real-world clinical-genomic analysis. Patients and Methods: GuardantINFORM analyzed US patients with advanced CRC with BRAFV600/KRAS/NRAS mutations who received anti-EGFR therapies within 90 days after a Guardant360 test. Primary endpoints were time-to-next treatment …


Neoadjuvant Anti-Pd-1 Alone Or In Combination With Anti-Tigit Or An Oncolytic Virus In Resectable Stage Iiib–D Melanoma: A Phase 1/2 Trial, Reinhard Dummer, Caroline Robert, Richard A. Scolyer, Janis M. Taube, Michael T. Tetzlaff, Alexander M. Menzies, Andrew Hill, Jean Jacques Grob, David C. Portnoy, Celeste Lebbe, Muhammad A. Khattak, Jonathan Cohen, Gil Bar-Sela, Inderjit Mehmi, Ronnie Shapira-Frommer, Nicolas Meyer, Andrea L. Webber, Yixin Ren, Mizuho Fukunaga-Kalabis, Clemens Krepler, Georgina V. Long Jan 2025

Neoadjuvant Anti-Pd-1 Alone Or In Combination With Anti-Tigit Or An Oncolytic Virus In Resectable Stage Iiib–D Melanoma: A Phase 1/2 Trial, Reinhard Dummer, Caroline Robert, Richard A. Scolyer, Janis M. Taube, Michael T. Tetzlaff, Alexander M. Menzies, Andrew Hill, Jean Jacques Grob, David C. Portnoy, Celeste Lebbe, Muhammad A. Khattak, Jonathan Cohen, Gil Bar-Sela, Inderjit Mehmi, Ronnie Shapira-Frommer, Nicolas Meyer, Andrea L. Webber, Yixin Ren, Mizuho Fukunaga-Kalabis, Clemens Krepler, Georgina V. Long

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Neoadjuvant immunotherapies have shown antitumor activity in melanoma. Substudy 02C of the global, rolling-arm, phase 1/2, adaptive-design KEYMAKER-U02 trial is evaluating neoadjuvant pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1) alone or in combination, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab, for stage IIIB–D melanoma. Here we report results from the first three arms: pembrolizumab plus vibostolimab (anti-TIGIT), pembrolizumab plus gebasaxturev (coxsackievirus A21) and pembrolizumab monotherapy. Pathologic complete responses occurred in 10 of 26 patients (38%) with pembrolizumab plus vibostolimab, 7 of 25 (28%) with pembrolizumab plus gebasaxturev and 6 of 15 (40%) with pembrolizumab monotherapy. Major pathologic responses occurred in 13 (50%), 10 (40%) and 7 (47%) patients, …


Towards Equitable Cancer Outcomes For Rural And Remote Communities: Reflections, Lessons And Recommendations, Anna Ugalde, Hannah Jongebloed, Charlene Wright, Helena Rodi, Anna Chapman, Skye Marshall, Drew Aras, Rebecca J. Bergin, Sophie Boffa, Anna Boltong, Michele Conlin, Fiona Crawford–Williams, Carl De Wet, Wasek Faisal, Lan Gao, Harry Gasper, Kate Gunn, Nicolas H. Hart, Theresa Hayes, Florian Honeyball, Elizabeth A. Johnston, Deme Karikios, Nicole Kiss, Lucy Leigh, Patricia M. Livingston, Carmel O'Kane Jan 2025

Towards Equitable Cancer Outcomes For Rural And Remote Communities: Reflections, Lessons And Recommendations, Anna Ugalde, Hannah Jongebloed, Charlene Wright, Helena Rodi, Anna Chapman, Skye Marshall, Drew Aras, Rebecca J. Bergin, Sophie Boffa, Anna Boltong, Michele Conlin, Fiona Crawford–Williams, Carl De Wet, Wasek Faisal, Lan Gao, Harry Gasper, Kate Gunn, Nicolas H. Hart, Theresa Hayes, Florian Honeyball, Elizabeth A. Johnston, Deme Karikios, Nicole Kiss, Lucy Leigh, Patricia M. Livingston, Carmel O'Kane

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

People living in rural and remote areas continue to face significant inequities in cancer outcomes compared to their metropolitan counterparts. Despite advances in cancer control, these disparities persist across the cancer trajectory. This personal view consolidates findings from our Equitable Cancer Outcomes for Rural and Remote Communities series, highlighting survival disadvantages, challenges in measuring and reporting rurality, barriers to implementing evidence-based interventions, and shortcomings in historical policy. We argue for place-based, system-level reform that genuinely partners with rural communities, leverages local strengths, and embeds rural voices in research, policy, and service delivery. Key recommendations include adopting a formal partnership position …


Effect Of Exercise On Bone-Related Outcomes In Patients With Cancer Affected By Bone Metastases Or Bone Loss: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anita Borsati, Gloria Adamoli, Diana Giannarelli, Lorenzo Belluomini, Andrea Trevisan, Piero Schenal, Francesco Bettariga, Anna M. Markarian, Federico Schena, Michele Milella, Robert U. Newton, Sara Pilotto, Alice Avancini Jan 2025

Effect Of Exercise On Bone-Related Outcomes In Patients With Cancer Affected By Bone Metastases Or Bone Loss: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Anita Borsati, Gloria Adamoli, Diana Giannarelli, Lorenzo Belluomini, Andrea Trevisan, Piero Schenal, Francesco Bettariga, Anna M. Markarian, Federico Schena, Michele Milella, Robert U. Newton, Sara Pilotto, Alice Avancini

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone turnover markers in patients with cancer and compromised bone health. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search of four electronic databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of exercise intervention compared to supplementation or bone-targeted agents only on BMD, BMC and bone turnover markers. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models to calculate effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Eighteen studies were included, involving 1,478 patients with mainly breast and …


Revealing Spatiotemporal Neural Activation Patterns In Electrocorticography Recordings Of Human Speech Production By Mutual Information, Julio Kovacs, Dean Krusienski, Minu Maninder, Willy Wriggers Jan 2025

Revealing Spatiotemporal Neural Activation Patterns In Electrocorticography Recordings Of Human Speech Production By Mutual Information, Julio Kovacs, Dean Krusienski, Minu Maninder, Willy Wriggers

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Background

Spatiotemporal mapping of neural activity during continuous speech production has been traditionally approached using correlation coefficient (CC) analysis between cortical signals and speech recordings. A prior study employed this approach using electrocorticography (ECoG) data from participants who underwent invasive intracranial monitoring for epilepsy. However, CC cannot detect nonlinear relationships and is dominated by the correspondence between periods of silence and of non-silence.

New Method

We introduce the mutual information (MI) measure, which can capture both linear and nonlinear dependencies. We validated CC and MI on the sub-second spatiotemporal brain activity recorded during continuous speech tasks. To refine the results, …


Scaffolds With Spatiotemporally Controlled Growth Factor Delivery And Cyclodextrin-Enabled Antagonism Of Growth Factor Receptor Sequestration Promote Cutaneous Wound Healing, Jelena Marjanovic, Veronica Jurczuk, Lilian Valadares Tose, Yarixa Cintron Diaz, Francisco Fernandez Lima, Beatriz Abdo Abujamra, Sara Danker, Sinan Jabori, Devinder Singh, Jamie L. Burgess, Joshua Tam, Mohamadmahdi Samandari, Rivka C. Stone, Stephen C. Davis, Robert S. Kirsner, Marjana Tomic-Canic, Fotis M. Andreopoulos, Ivan Jozic Jan 2025

Scaffolds With Spatiotemporally Controlled Growth Factor Delivery And Cyclodextrin-Enabled Antagonism Of Growth Factor Receptor Sequestration Promote Cutaneous Wound Healing, Jelena Marjanovic, Veronica Jurczuk, Lilian Valadares Tose, Yarixa Cintron Diaz, Francisco Fernandez Lima, Beatriz Abdo Abujamra, Sara Danker, Sinan Jabori, Devinder Singh, Jamie L. Burgess, Joshua Tam, Mohamadmahdi Samandari, Rivka C. Stone, Stephen C. Davis, Robert S. Kirsner, Marjana Tomic-Canic, Fotis M. Andreopoulos, Ivan Jozic

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Chronic wounds present a major burden to patients, health care professionals, and health care systems worldwide, yet treatment options remain limited and often ineffective. Although initially promising, growth factor-based therapies displayed limited and underwhelming effectiveness largely due to poor bioavailabilbioity and impaired receptor function within the chronic wound microenvironment. Here we demonstrate that chronic wounds exhibit elevated cholesterol synthesis, which disrupts growth factor signaling by sequestering receptors within lipid rafts. To address this, we developed a novel therapy combining growth factors with cyclodextrin in an ECM-mimetic scaffold, enabling localized cholesterol modulation and improved receptor accessibility. We demonstrate that this approach …


Perspective On Alcohol-Induced Organ Damage Via Autophagy-Dependent Cellular Changes, Ahmed Bakheet, Murugadas Anbazhagan, Shirish Barve, Srinivasan Dasarathy, John Dickinson, Wen-Xing Ding, Terrence Donohue, Thiyagarajan Gopal, Anna Gukovskaya, Kusum K. Kharbanda, John J. Lemasters, Natalia A. Osna, Pal Pacher, Lucy Sloan, Luis F. Vilches, Viswanathan Saraswathi, Xiao-Ming Yin, Zhi Zhong, Paul G. Thomes Jan 2025

Perspective On Alcohol-Induced Organ Damage Via Autophagy-Dependent Cellular Changes, Ahmed Bakheet, Murugadas Anbazhagan, Shirish Barve, Srinivasan Dasarathy, John Dickinson, Wen-Xing Ding, Terrence Donohue, Thiyagarajan Gopal, Anna Gukovskaya, Kusum K. Kharbanda, John J. Lemasters, Natalia A. Osna, Pal Pacher, Lucy Sloan, Luis F. Vilches, Viswanathan Saraswathi, Xiao-Ming Yin, Zhi Zhong, Paul G. Thomes

Journal Articles: Internal Medicine

Alcohol-induced organ damage is a major global health concern and a leading cause of disability and mortality. In addition to the liver, chronic alcohol consumption adversely affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems, the gastrointestinal tract, adipose tissue, kidneys, pancreas, and the brain. Organ damage begins with necrosis (cell death) followed by tissue injury, which triggers immune responses aimed at tissue repair. However, with continued heavy drinking, these reparative responses transition into inflammatory responses which exacerbate tissue injury and accelerate disease progression. Macroautophagy, commonly referred to as autophagy, is a vital and evolutionarily-conserved digestive process in eukaryotic …


Incidence Of Bleeding And Performance Of The Precise-Dapt Score In Predicting Bleeding In Patients On Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Treatment For Acute Coronary Syndrome In Kenya, Peter Mugo, Jeilan Mohamed, Miriam Msunza, James Orwa, Mzee Ngunga Jan 2025

Incidence Of Bleeding And Performance Of The Precise-Dapt Score In Predicting Bleeding In Patients On Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Treatment For Acute Coronary Syndrome In Kenya, Peter Mugo, Jeilan Mohamed, Miriam Msunza, James Orwa, Mzee Ngunga

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) plays an important role in the secondary prevention of ischemic events after treatment for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The long-term use of DAPT is associated with an increased risk of bleeding, which affects morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification scores have been developed to predict this risk and provide a balance against the risk of ischemic events. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of bleeding in a cohort of patients in Kenya on DAPT and assess the performance of the PRECISE-DAPT Score in predicting the risk of bleeding.

Methods: This was a …


Caregiver Policies In The United States: A Systematic Review, Makenna R. Green, M. Courtney Hughes, Sadia Afrin, Erin Vernon Jan 2025

Caregiver Policies In The United States: A Systematic Review, Makenna R. Green, M. Courtney Hughes, Sadia Afrin, Erin Vernon

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

In the United States, there are nearly 53 million informal or unpaid caregivers, many of whom experience mental and physical stress related to their caregiving duties and increased financial responsibility. We identified federal and state informal caregiver support policies authorized by specific legislation along with their key provisions and conducted a systematic review of the academic literature related to quantitative evaluations of these policies. Twenty policies, eight academic studies, and four gray literature reports were included in the study, with half of the policies introduced since 2000. Our study criteria yielded few academic valuations tied to caregiver policies and few …


Can Fat Absorption Be Enhanced With A Novel Medical Food?, Cassie Brown Jan 2025

Can Fat Absorption Be Enhanced With A Novel Medical Food?, Cassie Brown

2025

No abstract provided.


Academic Proficiency In Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anemia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Robert Opoka, Shubaya Kasule Naggayi, Paul Bangirana, Simple Ouma, Betty Nyangoma, Annet Birabwa, Grace Nambatya, Maxencia Kabatabaazi, Ann Jacqueline Nakitende, Dennis Kalibbala Jan 2025

Academic Proficiency In Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anemia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Robert Opoka, Shubaya Kasule Naggayi, Paul Bangirana, Simple Ouma, Betty Nyangoma, Annet Birabwa, Grace Nambatya, Maxencia Kabatabaazi, Ann Jacqueline Nakitende, Dennis Kalibbala

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Introduction: Academic proficiency is crucial for advancing learning goals, school advancement, and future economic security. Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) may be at risk of disease-associated learning difficulties. Limited data exist on this topic among school-age children in the region. We aimed to assess academic proficiency in a sample of children with SCA in Uganda compared with unaffected controls.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kampala, Uganda. Participants were school-going children with SCA, aged 6–12 years, attending Mulago Hospital SCA Clinic, and age-matched sibling controls without SCA. Academic proficiency was assessed by the Wide …


Robotic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Morgagni Hernia Repair, Chris Robert, Furrukh Jabbar Jan 2025

Robotic Transabdominal Preperitoneal Morgagni Hernia Repair, Chris Robert, Furrukh Jabbar

North Texas Research Forum 2025

Introduction: Morgagni hernia is a rare type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia, representing about 3% of all cases. It occurs due to a defect in the development of the diaphragm in the Morgagni foramen, also known as the sternocostal triangle. Case presentation: A 63-year-old woman with a past medical history of hypertension, hypothyroidism, Barrett’s esophagitis, and cirrhosis secondary to alcohol intake (Child Pugh A) presented with increasing shortness of breath and spasmodic right sided chest pain. A diagnostic workup with a CT chest revealed herniation of fat and a portion of the colon into the right chest with adjacent atelectasis of …


Medical Reversals In The Management Of Patients With Ventral Hernia Following Publication Of Randomized Control Trials, Anila Punjwani, Vaibhav Varma, Mike Liang Jan 2025

Medical Reversals In The Management Of Patients With Ventral Hernia Following Publication Of Randomized Control Trials, Anila Punjwani, Vaibhav Varma, Mike Liang

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.


Initiation Of Sterile Vaginal Preps Prior To Cesarean Sections: A Quality Improvement Project, Diane Gilbertson, Timothy Kremer, Kimberly Udell Jan 2025

Initiation Of Sterile Vaginal Preps Prior To Cesarean Sections: A Quality Improvement Project, Diane Gilbertson, Timothy Kremer, Kimberly Udell

North Texas Research Forum 2025

OBJECTIVE: Research on patients undergoing routine gynecological procedures with a vaginal preparation has demonstrated a significant reduction in post-operative infections by decreasing the burden of vaginal bacteria. Despite this research, as well as evidence that they reduce postpartum endometritis, especially in labor patients or those with ruptured membranes (Lui), vaginal preparations prior to cesarean section are not standard practice. Prior to the initiation of this quality improvement project, no patients delivering at Medical City Arlington received a vaginal preparation prior to a cesarean delivery. The goal of this quality improvement project is to improve clinical care, patient safety, and healthcare …


The Demographics Of Vasopressor Requirements In Covid-19 Patients, Sammy R. Ghaoui, Paloma A. Molina, Romina Flores, Adela Bazbaz, Daryelle Varon, Joseph Varon Jan 2025

The Demographics Of Vasopressor Requirements In Covid-19 Patients, Sammy R. Ghaoui, Paloma A. Molina, Romina Flores, Adela Bazbaz, Daryelle Varon, Joseph Varon

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.