Digital Commons Network^™

Teenage Pregnancy: Impact Of The Integral Attention Given To The Pregnant Teenager And Adolescent Mother As A Protective Factor For Repeat Pregnancy, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, Kepler Alencar Mendes Carvalho, Amanda Melhado, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the integral attention to the health of pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers, having follow-up from the Integral Support Program for the Pregnant Teen (ISPPT), with the intention to determine quality of life and prevent repeat pregnancy. A prospective study comprised 85 adolescents attended by the ISPPT between January 2002 and June 2006 who participated in meetings during pregnancy with a multidisciplinary team that provided orientation concerning family planning, self-esteem, pregnancy prevention, motivation to continue education and/or work, and evaluate the postpartum mother-child relationship. The following were analyzed: education level, …

High Dietary Fat Intake Is Not Associated With High Levels Of Circulating Lipoproteins Or Total Cholesterol, C. Jayne Brahler, C. Wilson, Janine Baer

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to determine the association between dietary intake of fats, waist to hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), and blood lipoproteins and total cholesterol (TC) using food frequency data in one group of apparently healthy, urban African American women and their daughters (n = 110). Subjects were fasted when blood was drawn, waist and hip circumferences and body weight and height were measured, and WHR and BMI were calculated.

Average daily total fat intakes were 91.46 g and 77.83 g for mothers and daughters, respectively, but average LDL levels of 104.4 g/L and 103.1 …

Total Parotidectomy Under Local Anesthesia: A Novel Technique, Kamran Shahid, Bilal Karim Siddiqui, Muhammad Hammad Tahir, Salman Bin Ayub, Ghulam Murtaza Memon, Adnan Yousuf, Arif Hussain, Osmani, Abdul Karim Siddiqui

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Parotidectomy is a common procedure usually done for a parotid mass necessitating a histological diagnosis. Operation is normally performed under General anesthesia with a nerve stimulator to facilitate facial nerve stimulation. We describe a new technique with reports of three cases, making total parotidectomy under local anesthesia possible. The ascending cervical branch of cervical plexus and the auriculotemporal nerve were anesthetized by bupivacaine 0.25% (2mg/kg) and lignocaine with adrenaline 7 mg/kg. Effective onset of anesthesia was within 15-25 minutes and the operations lasted between 2-3 hours without any complications. This offers advantage in high-risk patients where general anesthesia is contraindicated. …

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 02, February 2007, Diane Witter

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Findings on Aspirin and Heart Attacks
• Kicking Off a Trend: Cancer-Related Deaths Decline
• House Call: Working Out How to Lower Your Risk of Cancer

Clinical, Biochemical And Ultrasonographic Features Of Infertile Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Fauzia Haq, Omar Aftab, Javed Rizvi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To evaluate and compare the clinical, biochemical and ultrasonic features of infertile women with PCOS from the two infertility centers of Karachi, The Aga Khan University Hospital and Concept Fertility Centre.
Study Design: Cross-sectional, analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, and Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2003 till December 2004.
Patients and Methods: Patients attending the Infertility Clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi and Concept Fertility Centre, Karachi, were evaluated for their clinical features. Complete biochemical evaluation was performed by day 2 FSH, LH, serum prolactin, serum testosterone and fasting …

Toward A Biopsychosocial Understanding Of The Patient-Physician Relationship: An Emerging Dialogue, Herbert M. Adler

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

Complexity theory has been used to view the patient-physician relationship as constituted by complex responsive processes of relating. It describes an emergent, psychosocial relational process through which patients and physicians continually and reciprocally influence each other's behavior and experience. As psychosocial responses are necessarily biopsychosocial responses, patients and physicians must likewise be influencing each other's psychobiology. This mutual influence may be subjectively experienced as empathy, and may be skillfully employed by the clinician to directly improve the patient's psychobiology.

Phosphorylation Of The Proline-Rich Domain Of Xp95 Modulates Xp95 Interaction With Partner Proteins, Robert E Dejournett, Ryuji Kobayashi, Shujuan Pan, Chuanfen Wu, Laurence D Etkin, Richard B Clark, Oliver Bögler, Jian Kuang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The mammalian adaptor protein Alix [ALG-2 (apoptosis-linked-gene-2 product)-interacting protein X] belongs to a conserved family of proteins that have in common an N-terminal Bro1 domain and a C-terminal PRD (proline-rich domain), both of which mediate partner protein interactions. Following our previous finding that Xp95, the Xenopus orthologue of Alix, undergoes a phosphorylation-dependent gel mobility shift during progesteroneinduced oocyte meiotic maturation, we explored potential regulation of Xp95/Alix by protein phosphorylation in hormone-induced cell cycle re-entry or M-phase induction. By MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight) MS analyses and gel mobility-shift assays, Xp95 is phosphorylated at multiple sites within the N-terminal half of the …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 9 No. 1 (January/February 2007), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

College Of Osteopathic Medicine 2007, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Retinoic Acid On Beta-Catenin Transcriptional Activity In Melanoma Cells, Fung Chan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and its incidence has been increasing in the United States. Most melanomas are resistant to current chemotherapies; therefore, understanding the mechanism of melanomagenesis is beneficial to treatment of the diseases. Accumulation of β-catenin has been shown in colon and other cancers, including melanomas, but the transcriptional role of β-catenin in melanomas is still unclear. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an anti-tumor agent that has an inhibitory effect on β-catenin, but this effect has not been studied in melanomas. It has been shown that Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a melanocyte specific protein, …

Modulation Of Radiation Responses By Pre-Exposure To Irradiated Cell Conditioned Medium, Paula Maguire, Carmel Mothersill, B. Mcclean, C. Seymour, Fiona Lyng

Articles

The aim of this study was to investigate whether exposure of HPV-G cells to irradiated cell conditioned medium (ICCM) could induce an adaptive response if the cells were subsequently challenged with a higher ICCM dose. Clonogenic survival and major steps in the cascade leading to apoptosis, such as calcium influx and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, were examined to determine whether these events could be modified by giving a priming dose of ICCM before the challenge dose. Clonogenic survival data indicated an ICCMinduced adaptive response in HPV-G cells ‘‘primed’’ with 5 mGy or 0.5 Gy ICCM for 24 h and …

Masters Of Public Health 2007, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Mouse Preimplantation Embryo Responses To Culture Medium Osmolarity Include Increased Expression Of Ccm2 And P38 Mapk Activation., Barry Fong, Patricia H Watson, Andrew J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

BACKGROUND: Mechanisms that confer an ability to respond positively to environmental osmolarity are fundamental to ensuring embryo survival during the preimplantation period. Activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) occurs following exposure to hyperosmotic treatment. Recently, a novel scaffolding protein called Osmosensing Scaffold for MEKK3 (OSM) was linked to p38 MAPK activation in response to sorbitol-induced hypertonicity. The human ortholog of OSM is cerebral cavernous malformation 2 (CCM2). The present study was conducted to investigate whether CCM2 is expressed during mouse preimplantation development and to determine whether this scaffolding protein is associated with p38 MAPK activation following exposure of preimplantation …

Effects Of Curcumin On Retinal Oxidative Stress And Inflammation In Diabetes, Renu A. Kowluru, Mamta Kanwar

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of retinopathy in diabetes. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of curcumin, a polyphenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on diabetes-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina of rats.

Methods

A group of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats received powdered diet supplemented with 0.05% curcumin (w/w), and another group received diet without curcumin. The diets were initiated soon after induction of diabetes, and the rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after induction of diabetes. The retina was used to quantify oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory markers.

Results

Antioxidant …

Paradoxical Antiproliferative Effect By A Murine Mammary Tumor-Derived Epithelial Cell Line, Esteban N. Gurzov, Sanaa M. Nabha, Hamilto Yamamoto, Hong Meng, O Graciela Scharovsky, R Daniel Bonfil

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Despite significant advancement in breast cancer therapy, there is a great need for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in breast carcinogenesis and progression, as well as of the role of epigenetic contributions from stromal cells in mammary tumorigenesis. In this study, we isolated and characterized murine mammary tumor-derived epithelial and myofibroblast cell lines, and investigated the in vitro and in vivo effect of cellular soluble factors produced by the epithelial cell line on tumor cells.

Methods

Morphology, immunophenotype, cytogenetics, invasiveness, and tumorigenicity of epithelial (LM-234ep) and myofibroblast (LM-234mf) cell lines isolated from two murine mammary adenocarcinomas …

Poxviral B1 Kinase Overcomes Barrier To Autointegration Factor, A Host Defense Against Virus Replication, Matthew S. Wiebe, Paula Traktman

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Barrier to autointegration factor (BAF) is a DNA-binding protein found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that functions to establish nuclear architecture during mito-sis. Herein, we demonstrate a cytoplasmic role for BAF in host defense during poxviral infections. Vaccinia is the prototypic poxvirus, a family of DNA viruses that replicate ex-clusively in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Mutations in the vaccinia B1 kinase (B1) com-promise viral DNA replication, but the mechanism by which B1 achieves this has remained elusive. We now show that BAF acts as a potent inhibitor of poxvirus replication unless its DNA-binding activity is blocked …

Reducing Lung Disease In Cystic Fibrosis: Model Systems And Anti-Inflammatory Treatment, Scotty Mcglothlin Buff

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in Caucasians resulting in a median life span of approximately 35 years, is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The primary cause of morbidity and mortality is respiratory failure caused by progressive obstructive lung disease. CF airway disease is characterized by the abundance of pro inflammatory cells, chemokines and cytokines with a deficiency of regulatory/anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (lL10). We hypothesized that CF airway obstruction originates from excessive inflammation and gene transfer of IL-I0 would decrease inflammation in the airways of mice infected with Pseudomonas …

Modulation Of Retroviral Restriction And Proteasome Inhibitor-Resistant Turnover By Changes In The Trim5Α B-Box 2 Domain, Felipe Diaz-Griffero, Alak Kar, Michel Perron, Shi-Hua Xiang, Hassan Javanbakht, Xing Li, Joseph Sodroski

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

An intact B-box 2 domain is essential for the antiretroviral activity of TRIM5α. We modeled the structure of the B-box 2 domain of TRIM5α based on the existing three-dimensional structure of the B-box 2 domain of human TRIM29. Using this model, we altered the residues predicted to be exposed on the surface of this globular structure. Most of the alanine substitutions in these residues exerted little effect on the antiretroviral activity of human TRIM5αhu or rhesus monkey TRIM5α_rh. However, alteration of arginine 119 of TRIM5α_hu or the corresponding arginine 121 of TRIM5α_rh diminished the abilities of …

A Model Of Late Long-Term Potentiation Simulates Aspects Of Memory Maintenance, Paul Smolen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Late long-term potentiation (L-LTP) denotes long-lasting strengthening of synapses between neurons. L-LTP appears essential for the formation of long-term memory, with memories at least partly encoded by patterns of strengthened synapses. How memories are preserved for months or years, despite molecular turnover, is not well understood. Ongoing recurrent neuronal activity, during memory recall or during sleep, has been hypothesized to preferentially potentiate strong synapses, preserving memories. This hypothesis has not been evaluated in the context of a mathematical model representing ongoing activity and biochemical pathways important for L-LTP. In this study, ongoing activity was incorporated into two such models - …

Evidence Against Roles For Phorbol Binding Protein Munc13-1, Adam Adaptor Eve-1, Or Vesicle Trafficking Phosphoproteins Munc18 Or Nsf As Phospho-State-Sensitive Modulators Of Phorbol/Pkc-Activated Alzheimer App Ectodomain Shedding., Annat F Ikin, Mirsada Causevic, Steve Pedrini, Lyndsey S Benson, Joseph D Buxbaum, Toshiharu Suzuki, Simon Lovestone, Shigeki Higashiyama, Tomas Mustelin, Robert D Burgoyne, Sam Gandy

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Shedding of the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) ectodomain can be accelerated by phorbol esters, compounds that act via protein kinase C (PKC) or through unconventional phorbol-binding proteins such as Munc13-1. We have previously demonstrated that application of phorbol esters or purified PKC potentiates budding of APP-bearing secretory vesicles at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and toward the plasma membrane where APP becomes a substrate for enzymes responsible for shedding, known collectively as alpha-secretase(s). However, molecular identification of the presumptive "phospho-state-sensitive modulators of ectodomain shedding" (PMES) responsible for regulated shedding has been challenging. Here, we examined the effects on …

Influence Of Consecutive-Day Blood Sampling On Polymerase Chain Reaction-Adjusted Parasitological Cure Rates In An Antimalarial-Drug Trial Conducted In Tanzania, Andreas Martensson, Johan Ursing, M. Isabel Veiga, Lisa Wiklund, Christopher Membi, Scott M. Montgomery, Zul Premji, Anna Farnert, Andres Bjorkman, Billy Ngasala

Pathology, East Africa

We assessed the influence that consecutive-day blood sampling, compared with single-day blood sampling, had on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-adjusted parasitological cure after stepwise genotyping of merozoite surface proteins 2 (msp2) and 1 (msp1) in 106 children in Tanzania who had uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with either sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or artemether- lumefantrine; 78 of these children developed recurrent parasitemia during the 42-day follow-up period. Initial msp2 genotyping identified 27 and 33 recrudescences by use of single- and consecutive-day sampling, respectively; in subsequent msp1 genotyping, 17 and 21 of these episodes, respectively, were still classified as recrudescences; these results indicate a similar sensitivity …

Self-Consistent Analyses For Potential Conduction Block In Nerves By An Ultrashort High-Intensity Electric Pulse, R. P. Joshi, A. Mishra, Q. Hu, K. H. Schoenbach, A. Pakhomov

Bioelectrics Publications

Simulation studies are presented that probe the possibility of using high-field (>100kV ∕ cm), short-duration (∼50ns) electrical pulses for nonthermal and reversible cessation of biological electrical signaling pathways. This would have obvious applications in neurophysiology, clinical research, neuromuscular stimulation therapies, and even nonlethal bioweapons development. The concept is based on the creation of a sufficiently high density of pores on the nerve membrane by an electric pulse. This modulates membrane conductance and presents an effective "electrical short" to an incident voltage wave traveling across a nerve. Net blocking of action potential propagation can then result. A continuum approach based …

Vibrational Spectroscopy For Pathology From Biochemical Analysis To Diagnostic Tool, Fiona Lyng, Eoghan O'Faolain, J. Conroy, Aidan Meade, Peter Knief, Brendan Duffy, M. Hunter, J. Byrne, P. Kelehan, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide with 80% of cases arising in the developing world. The mortality associated with cervical cancer can be reduced if this disease is detected at the early stages of development or at the pre-malignant state (cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia, CIN). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool to detect biochemical changes accompanying cervical cancer progression. Raman spectra were acquired from proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates in order to gain an insight into the biochemical composition of cells and tissues. Spectra …

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 12, December 2007, Sunni Hosemann, Diane Witter, Huong Le-Petross Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Worth More than a Thousand Words\
• A Step Forward for Stents
• House Call: Getting the Most From Your Doctor Visit
• DiaLog: Is MRI Better for Breast Screening?, by Huong Le-Petross, MD

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 09, September 2007, Sunni Hosemann, Diane Witter, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Sparing Life and Limb
• Can a Common Spice Be Use to Treat Cancer?
• House Call: Your First Colonoscopy: Here's What You Can Expect
• DiaLog: Targeted Therapies Are Here to Stay, by Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, MD

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 01, January 2007, Dawn Chalaire, Don Norwood, Robert Buckman Md, Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Toward Personalized Medicine
• Making Strides in Esophageal Cancer
• House Call: Eat Well, Live Longer
• DiaLog: The Secret of Good "Person-Doctoring", by Robert Buckman, MD, PhD, Adjunct Professor of Neuro­-Oncology, M. D. Anderson Professor, University of Toronto

Oncolog, Volume 52, Number 07/08, July/August 2007, Diane Witter, Vickie J. Williams, Dawn Chalaire

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Harnessing the Power of Protons
• Gene-Environment Interaction Studies Answer the Question, “Why Did I Get Cancer?”
• House Call: Parents: Be Hopeful and Honest When Telling Kids about Your Serious Illness
• Helping Physicians Help Patients

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2007), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2007 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• Remembering Harry Ginsburg, DO ’42
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Building Partnerships: Assessing the Value of Physician-Patient Communications
• Recognizing Leadership, Loyalty, Service: Founders’ Day 2007
• Places, Camera, Action . . . Learning Primary Care Skills
• Out of Africa: True Tales of a Medical Missionary
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• PCOM Events

Development Of A Blood Test For The Detection Of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma, Rebecca Slattery

Theses : Honours

Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer that has a tendency to metastasise. In its early stages, the 5-year survival rate of patients is greater than 90% following surgical excision of an in situ tumour. However, following metastasis of the tumour, the 5-year survival rate declines to 5-35%. Due to the correlation between metastasis and declining survival, studies have attempted to identify potential metastasis as early as possible. Molecular markers of melanoma cells in the peripheral blood of CMM patients have been investigated, as the invasion of tumour cells into the blood is one of the …

A Turner Syndrome Neurocognitive Phenotype Maps To Xp22.3., Andrew R Zinn, David Roeltgen, Gerry Stefanatos, Purita Ramos, Frederick F Elder, Harvey Kushner, Karen Kowal, Judith L Ross

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a neurocognitive phenotype that includes selective nonverbal deficits, e.g., impaired visual-spatial abilities. We previously reported evidence that this phenotype results from haploinsufficiency of one or more genes on distal Xp. This inference was based on genotype/phenotype comparisons of individual girls and women with partial Xp deletions, with the neurocognitive phenotype considered a dichotomous trait. We sought to confirm our findings in a large cohort (n = 47) of adult women with partial deletions of Xp or Xq, enriched for subjects with distal Xp deletions. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from North American genetics and …