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The Mysterious Pathologic Process Of Autistic Disorder, Clyde Sheehan, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

This is a condensed literature review of current etiological and treatment findings in autism. Numerous studies examining autistic individuals for a biological marker have been performed with renewed interest over the past several years. Biochemical studies have revealed excessive amounts of serotonin, dopamine and opiods in marry autistics. Reductions in self injurious behaviors, aggressiveness, hyperactivity and stereotypies in patients on medications targeting these specific receptor sites have been documented. Though genetic studies indicate a significant contribution to the transmission of autism, the final common etiological pathway remain unknown.

The Syndrome Of Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion In Psychiatric Patients, Kathleen Crapanzano, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is a common medical illness which has many etiologies-some of which are particular to psychiatric patients. This review will discuss the diagnosis of SIADH and then the various etiologies for its development with emphasis on those which are more relevant to psychiatric patients. Future research will be directed to a further understanding of this disorder, as well as to treatment options to decrease the significant morbidity associated with this condition.

Delusional Misidentification Syndromes, Zeljko Jocic, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Delusional misidentification syndromes are reviewed by their phenomenology, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, associated clinical findings, etiological theories, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment. Related neuropsychiatric syndromes are described and distinctions between them and delusional misidentification syndromes addressed. Current psychological and biologic-cognitive theories are briefly discussed. These peculiar phenomena are probably more frequent than previously thought, if they are specifically sought and recognized. Organic factors play a definitive role in their occurrence and two brain regions frontal and temporal, are presumably dysfunctional.

Assault On Childhood, Noah D. Freedman, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

INCEST-RELATED SYNDROMES OF ADULT PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Edited by Richard P. Klufr , M.D.

Washington, D.C., American Psychiatric Press

1990, Hardcover, 308 pages, $32.00

Psychiatry And Psychoanalysis In The Nineties, Diane E. Custer, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

The Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry is now accepting reports on meetings and panel discussions for our new "Panel Reports" column. Authors should submit their manuscripts for approval by those who participated in the panel or meeting prior to submission to the Journal for editorial review.

The Philadelphia Association.for Psychoanalysis hosted a panel designed for medical students, psychiatric residents, psychiatrists and other professionals interested in applying psychoanalysic thought and listening skills to areas in general psychiatry. The educational objectives included increasing familiarity with the various components of psychoanalytic listening, (greater skill in making use of psychoanalytic listening in work with patients) …

Psychiatric Manifestation Of Vitamin B-12 Deficiency: An Update, David Metzler, M.S., M.D., William H. Miller, M.D., C. Stephen Edwards, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Psychiatric manifestations of vitamin B-12 deficiency are reviewed from 1986 to the present. Specific clinical entities reviewed include depression, organic psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder, childhood manifestations and dementia. We recommend that consideration be given to B-12 deficiency as an etiological factor in some cases of depression, organic psychosis, certain childhood disorders and dementia. Routine screening of people overage 65 is addressed.

Editor's Column, Edward Kim, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

As a senior medical student applying to residency programs, I became acquainted with the term "eclecticism." Many programs described themselves as "eclectic"; it appealed to the progressive, pluralistic spirit in all of us. Yet it implied, erroneously I believe, that limiting the foci of psychiatric resident education was neither necessary nor desirable. The regressive appeal of eclecticism lies in the denial that all true commitments entail some relinquishment of other possibilities; the pleasures of socialization are bought through the renunciation of defecating or urinating at the slightest urge. The hypothetical eclectic psychiatrist has given up none of his or her …

Letters To The Editor

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Letters to the Editor, Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry, Volume 9, Number 1, 1991.

Bringing Back The Mind, Edward Kim, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

PSYCHODYNAMIC PSYCHIATRY: THEORY AND PRACTICE

John Frosch, M.D. 1990

International Universities Press

Vol I, 359pp, $50.00

Vol II, 505pp, $60.00

Occupational Chemical Exposures And Psychiatric Disorders, Mark L. Dembert, M.D., M.P.H.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Occupational exposure to metals, solvents, or pesticides can produce disorders of behavior, thought, or mood which can easily be misdiagnosed as 'Junctional." Accurate diagnosis obtained with a relevant clinical history, psychiatric interview, physical examination, and indicated laboratory tests will enable the delivery of necessary medical treatment and concurrently prevent repeat exposure to a hazardous work environment. Published references and organizational sources in occupational medicine and industrial hygiene can beutilized by psychiatrists for determination of the dijferential diagnosis and confirmation of an occupational exposure; in addition, these references can aid in assessing the need for an environmental health hazard survey at …

Subsequent Pregnancy In Women With A History Of Postpartum Psychosis, Richard G. Hersh, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Postpartum psychosis stands out among the psychiatric syndromes associated with child birth, not able for the variability of its symptom profile and the potential severity of its course, if unrecognized. Significant questions regarding nosology, etiology, prevention and treatment remain only partially answered (1). While controversy surrounds many of the critical issues regarding postpartum psychosis, including its definition, current epidemiologic data indicates severe, frequently psychotic episodes occur following 1-2 per 1,000 of all births (2). As diagnosis and treatment of puerperal conditions have evolved, clinicians now are frequently involved in assisting women with a history of postpartum psychosis with decision making …

A Survey Of Selected Neurological Signs In Schizophrenia Research, Emanuel H. Rosen, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

This review covers three areas of schizophrenia research not usually addressed in residents' curricula: smooth pursuit eye movements and genetics, orienting responses, and tardive dyskinesia. The significance of these neurological signs is explored in terms of their clinical symptom associations and their heuristic value. Neuroanatomical aspects of these signs is noted to be speculatively consistent with hypofrontality and negative symptoms in schieophrenia. The author describes the nature of occulomotor abnormalities and discusses an applicable research study. He summarizes relevant areas of genetic research including linkage analysis and marker studies and explains some of the orienting response abnormalities in schizophrenia. He …

Depression And Poverty Ii. Strategies For Intervention, Donald C. Ohuoha, M.D., M.P.H.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

In Part I of this paper, I reviewed the recent findings in psychosocial causes of depression among the poor, and questions raised by them. In this paper, I will suggest certain strategies for intervention for treatment of this population.

Depression And Poverty I. Psychosocial And Cultural Determinants, Donald C. Ohuoha, M.D., M.P.H.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

The WorldHealth Organization estimates that over 100 million people worldwide suffer from depression, that three times as many may be affected (1). While major advances have occurred in our understanding of the biological aspects of depression, the understanding of psychosocial causes of depression is still largely sketchy. Thus adequate intervention in dealing with this aspect of treatment of depression is scarce. This paper, divided into two parts, will review recent findings in psychosocial causes of depression and suggest certain strategies.for intervention, speculate on the roles of poverty and the issues raised by poverty on the rates of depression and suggest …

Letters To The Editor

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Letters to the Editor, Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry, Volume 8, Number 2, 1990.

Psychodynamic Psychiatry In Clinical Practice, Edward Kim, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Glen O. Gabbard, M.D.

American Psychiatric Press, 1990

480 pages $49.95

An Historical Review Of Electroconvulsive Therapy, Bruce A. Wright, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

The initial clinical trial of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was performed by Ugo Cerletti and Lucino Bini at the University of Rome in 1938. The following paper will examine both the developments which led to the first trial of ECT, and the use of ECT over th e subsequent fifty years. Hopefully, by investigating the historical aspects of the development and progression of ECT, a better understanding of this treatment modality can be attained.

Working With Homeless Women And Children: Opportunities For Training, Lance D. Clawson, M.D., Ronald J. Koshes, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

The diversity of the homeless population allows for unique training opportunities in psychiatry, especially for child and adolescent psychiatry fellows. The prevalence of psychopathology both existing in and as a result of displacement and disenfranchisement requires a specialized knowledge of this population and provides an extraordinary education in community outreach, emergency psychiatry and social service delivery systems. The authors review their experience of working with homeless women and children in the community. Possibilities for more comprehensive training and research are also presented.

The Real Mother-Issues In Adoption, Penelope J. Hooks, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Our society has deemed adoption a desirable alternative method of creating a family. It satisifies the need of a child for parents, it gratifies the desire of adults who yearn to provide a home and love for a child, and it gracefully solves the dilemma for the one who cannot or will not raise the child. In addition to the usual developmental conflicts, families involved in adoption will encounter a variety of fears, fantasies, resentments, and misconceptions which may adversely affect identity formation in the child. Here I will attempt to explore some of the psychodynamic issues which will be …

Cognitive Information Processing In Borderline Personality Disorder: A Neuropsychiatric Hypothesis, J.Wesley Burgess, Ph.D., M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Neurocognitive information processing was compared in 18 borderline subjects and 14 controls of similar age and gender. An 11-item screening examination significantly differentiated the two groups (P < 0.001). Significant differences were found on Delayed Memory, Serial Sevens, Rhythm Reproduction, and Perseveration subtests (P < 0.05). The results are interpreted as evidence for mild frontotemporal brain deficits. The findings support a developmental model of borderline disorder where early stress/injury during the childhood period of frontotemporal vulnerability results in failure to negotiate developmental landmarks and adult deficits in cognition, emotion/behavior modulation, and insight.

A Sexually And Physically Abused Child: His Inner World, Carmen Mayugba-Sugai, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

This paper describes how a sexually abused 8 year old boy's internal dynamics correlated with and influenced his behavior while he was on an inpatient unit. Through play therapy and unit staff's observation, the psychopathological sequelae to the abuse unfolded in a very interesting way. This process of correlating play material with observations of behavior on the unit, helped the treatment team in understanding the child's inner world.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders Associated With Chromosome 15, Karl G. Sieg, M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Chromosome 15 is a focus of increasing interest to both psychiatry and neurology. Several neurodevelopmental disorders are genetically associated with this autosome, including Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome, Dyslexia, Autism, Hyperlexia, Ring 15 Chromosome syndrome, and Trisomy 15 syndrome. This report provides a review of the molecular biology of chromosome 15 and these associated disorders.

Ghrelin Receptor Deficiency Does Not Affect Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis In Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Null Mice, Kirk M. Habegger, Erin Grant, Paul Thomas Pfluger, Diego Perez-Tilve, Alan Daugherty, Dennis Bruemmer, Matthias H. Tschöp, Susanna M. Hofmann

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Ghrelin, a stomach-derived, secreted peptide, and its receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor, GHSR) are known to modulate food intake and energy homeostasis. The ghrelin system is also expressed broadly in cardiovascular tissues. Since ghrelin has been associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties, but is also well known to promote obesity and impair glucose metabolism, we investigated whether ghrelin has any impact on the development of atherosclerosis. The hypothesis that endogenous ghrelin signaling may be involved in atherosclerosis has not been tested previously.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We crossed ghrelin receptor knockout mice (GHSr^-/-) into a low-density lipoprotein receptor-null …

An Automated Internet Application To Help Patients With Bipolar Disorder Track Social Rhythm Stabilization., Daniel Z Lieberman, Susan Swayze, Frederick K Goodwin

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

This column describes a pilot study of a fully automated, Internet-based program that provides a key element of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, a form of psychotherapy shown to be effective in the treatment of bipolar disorder when combined with mood-stabilizing medication. Participants (N=64) recorded the time they completed activities of daily living and their mood at the time of each entry. After 90 days they demonstrated a 31% increase in social rhythm stability and a small, though statistically significant, decrease in symptoms of abnormal mood. Internet-based programs can enhance access to a best practice in the management of bipolar …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 13 No. 6 (November/December 2011), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Species D Adenoviruses As Oncolytics Against B-Cell Cancers, Christopher Y. Chen, Julien S. Senac, Eric A. Weaver, Shannon M. May, Diane F. Jelinek, Philip Greipp, Thomas Witzig, Michael A. Barry

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Purpose: Oncolytic viruses are self-amplifying anticancer agents that make use of the natural ability of viruses to kill cells. Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) has been extensively tested against solid cancers, but less so against B-cell cancers because these cells do not generally express the coxsackie and adenoviral receptor (CAR). To determine whether other adenoviruses might have better potency, we "mined" the adenovirus virome of 55 serotypes for viruses that could kill B-cell cancers.

Experimental Design: Fifteen adenoviruses selected to represent Ad species B, C, D, E, and F were tested in vitro against cell lines and primary patient B-cell cancers …

Oncolog, Volume 56, Number 11-12, November - December 2011, Sarah Bronson, Zach-Bryan Bogannan-Tutt

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Transoral Laser Microsurgery for Laryngeal and Oropharyngeal Tumors: A minimally invasive surgery for treating cancers of the larynx and oropharynx has cute rates similar to those of open surgery and radiation therapy in selected patients.
• Exploring Causes of and Treatments for Neuropathy in Cancer Patients: Among the most troubling side effects of cancer treatment in some patient is chronic chemotherapy neuropathy syndrome, in which tingling, numbness, and pain in the hands and feet persist long after the completion of treatment
• Prostate Cancer Screening: Patient should understand the purpose and limitations of the prostate-specific antigen test
• HOUSE CALL: Smoking Cessation: Medications …

Patient-Provider Communication Data: Linking Process And Outcomes In Oncology Care, Lisa Kennedy Sheldon, Fangxin Hong, Donna L. Berry

Nursing Faculty Publication Series

Overview: Patient–provider communication is vital to quality patient care in oncology settings and impacts health outcomes. Newer communication datasets contain patient symptom reports, real-time audiofiles of visits, coded communication data, and visit outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to: (1) review the complex communication processes during patient–provider interaction during oncology care; (2) describe methods of gathering and coding communication data; (3) suggest logical approaches to analyses; and (4) describe one new dataset that allows linking of patient symptoms and communication processes with visit outcomes. Challenges: Patient–provider communication research is complex due to numerous issues, including human subjects’ concerns, methods …

Brca1 Status In Pakistani Breast Cancer Patients With Moderate Family History, Tariq Moatter, Muniba Aban, Shaista Khan, Iqbal Azam, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To determine BRCA1 status in breast carcinoma patients of Pakistani origin.

STUDY DESIGN: Observational study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: The Oncology Clinics of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, between May 2005 and December 2009.

METHODOLOGY: Fifty three breast cancer patients based on clinical and laboratory diagnosis were recruited for this study. Moderate family history was defined as having a close relative (mother, daughter, sister) diagnosed with breast cancer under 45 years. Peripheral blood samples were collected from each patient in a 5 ml tube containing EDTA as anticoagulant. Subsequent to DNA extraction, mutational analysis of BRCA1 exons …

The Association Between Parity, Infant Gender, Higher Level Of Paternal Education And Preterm Birth In Pakistan: A Cohort Study, Kiran Shaikh, Shahirose Sadrudin Premji, Marianne S. Rose, Ambreen Kazi, Shaneela Khowaja, Suzanne Tough

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background:

High rates of antenatal depression and preterm birth have been reported in Pakistan. Self reported maternal stress and depression have been associated with preterm birth, however findings are inconsistent. Cortisol is a biological marker of stress and depression, and its measurement may assist in understanding the influence of self reported maternal stress and depression on preterm birth.

Methods:

In a prospective cohort study pregnant women between 28 to 30 weeks of gestation from the Aga Khan Hospital for Women and Children completed the A-Z Stress Scale and the Centre for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale to assess stress and depression …