Digital Commons Network^™

Measuring Parvalbumin Levels In Fish Muscle Tissue: Relevance Of Muscle Locations And Storage Conditions, Poi-Wah Lee, Julie A. Nordlee, Stef J. Koppelman, Joseph L. Baumert, Steve L. Taylor

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Fish is an allergenic food capable of provoking severe anaphylactic reactions. Parvalbumin is the major allergen identified in fish and frog muscles. Antibodies against fish and frog parvalbumin have been used to quantify parvalbumin levels from fish. However, these antibodies react variably with parvalbumin from different fish species. Several factors might be responsible for this variation including instability of parvalbumin in fish muscle as a result of frozen storage and differential parvalbumin expression in muscles from various locations within the whole fish. We aimed to investigate whether these factors contribute to the previously observed variable immunoreactivity of the anti-parvalbumin antibodies. …

Regional Variation In Aortic At1b Receptor Mrna Abundance Is Associated With Contractility But Unrelated To Atherosclerosis And Aortic Aneurysms, Aruna Poduri, A. Phillip Owens, Deborah A. Howatt, Jessica J. Moorleghen, Anju Balakrishnan, Lisa A. Cassis, Alan Daugherty

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Angiotensin II (AngII), the main bioactive peptide of the renin angiotensin system, exerts most of its biological actions through stimulation of AngII type 1 (AT1) receptors. This receptor is expressed as 2 structurally similar subtypes in rodents, termed AT1a and AT1b. Although AT1a receptors have been studied comprehensively, roles of AT1b receptors in the aorta have not been defined.

METHODOLOGY/RESULTS: We initially compared the regional distribution of AT1b receptor mRNA with AT1a receptor mRNA in the aorta. mRNA abundance of both subtypes increased from the proximal to the distal aorta, with the greatest abundance in the infra-renal region. Corresponding …

Stem Cell Transplantation Increases Antioxidant Effects In Diabetic Mice, Ming Li, Luca Vanella, Yuming Zhang, Ming Shi, Takashi Takaki, Joseph I. Shapiro M.D., Susuma Ikehera

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Intra bone marrow-bone marrow transplantation (IBM- BMT) + thymus transplantation (TT) has been shown to reduce the incidence of graft versus host disease (GVHD) and restore donor-derived T cell function. In addition, an increase in insulin sensitivity occurred in db/db mice after IBM-BMT+TT treatment. Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 is a stress inducible enzyme which exert antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and immune-modulating properties. We examined whether IBM-BMT+TT could modulate the expression of HO-1 in the kidneys of db/db mice. Six-week-old db/db mice with blood glucose levels higher than 250 mg/dl were treated with IBM-BMT+TT. Six weeks later, the db/db mice showed decreased body weight, …

Overexpression Of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1 And Lactate Dehydrogenase A In Nerve Cells Confers Resistance To Amyloid Β And Other Toxins By Decreasing Mitochondrial Respiration And Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Jordan T. Newington, Tim Rappon, Shawn Albers, Daisy Y. Wong, R. Jane Rylett, Robert C. Cumming

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Aerobic glycolysis promotes resistance against Aβ toxicity. Results: Increased LDHA and PDK1 expression attenuates mitochondrial activity and confers resistance to Aβ. These proteins are down-regulated in a transgenic Alzheimer disease (AD) mouse model, and PDK1 is decreased in AD brain. Conclusion: PDK and LDHA are central mediators of Aβ resistance. Significance: Drugs that augment aerobic glycolysis may enhance brain cell survival in AD patients. © 2012 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

The Cancer Stem Cell Conundrum In Multiple Myeloma, Robert G. Hawley

Anatomy and Regenerative Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Severe Stress Switches Crf Action In The Nucleus Accumbens From Appetitive To Aversive., Julia C Lemos, Matthew J Wanat, Jeffrey S Smith, Beverly A S Reyes, Nick G Hollon, Elisabeth J Van Bockstaele, Charles Chavkin, Paul E M Phillips

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Stressors motivate an array of adaptive responses ranging from 'fight or flight' to an internal urgency signal facilitating long-term goals. However, traumatic or chronic uncontrollable stress promotes the onset of major depressive disorder, in which acute stressors lose their motivational properties and are perceived as insurmountable impediments. Consequently, stress-induced depression is a debilitating human condition characterized by an affective shift from engagement of the environment to withdrawal. An emerging neurobiological substrate of depression and associated pathology is the nucleus accumbens, a region with the capacity to mediate a diverse range of stress responses by interfacing limbic, cognitive and motor circuitry. …

Quantifying The Cdk Inhibitor Vmy-1-103'S Activity And Tissue Levels In An In Vivo Tumor Model By Lc-Ms/Ms And By Mri., Paul Sirajuddin, Sudeep Das, Lymor Ringer, Olga C Rodriguez, Angiela Sivakumar, Yi-Chien Lee, Aykut Üren, Stanley T Fricke, Brian Rood, Alpay Ozcan, Sean S Wang, Sana Karam, Venkata Yenugonda, Patricia Salinas, Emanuel Petricoin, Michael Pishvaian, Michael P Lisanti, Yue Wang, Richard Schlegel, Bahram Moasser, Chris Albanese

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

The development of new small molecule-based therapeutic drugs requires accurate quantification of drug bioavailability, biological activity and treatment efficacy. Rapidly measuring these endpoints is often hampered by the lack of efficient assay platforms with high sensitivity and specificity. Using an in vivo model system, we report a simple and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay to quantify the bioavailability of a recently developed novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor VMY-1-103, a purvalanol B-based analog whose biological activity is enhanced via dansylation. We developed a rapid organic phase extraction technique and validated wide and functional VMY-1-103 distribution in various mouse tissues, consistent with …

Withanolide Compounds As Inhibitors Of Fibrosis And Identification Of Molecular Targets For Anti-Fibrotic Drug Development, Royce Mohan, Paola Bargagna-Mohan

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

Provided are methods for screening for drugs effective for treating fibrotic conditions. One screening method comprises exposing a cell to a test compound, monitoring the effect of the test compound on the amount or form of a cell molecule, comparing the amount or form of the cell molecule with the result obtained by treatment of the cell with an anti-fibrotic -effective amount of a withanolide compound, and selecting a drug effective for treating a fibrotic disease based on the ability of the test compound to provide the effect obtained by the withanolide compound on the cell molecule. Also provided is …

Activation Of Amp-Activated Protein Kinase By 3,39-Diindolylmethane (Dim) Is Associated With Human Prostate Cancer Cell Death In Vitro And In Vivo, Di Chen, Sanjeev Banerjee, Qiuzhi C. Cui, Dejuan Kong, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Q. Ping Dou

Oncology Faculty Publications

There is a large body of scientific evidence suggesting that 3,39-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, which is abundant in cruciferous vegetables, harbors anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Accumulating evidence suggests that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an essential role in cellular energy homeostasis and tumor development and that targeting AMPK may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer treatment in the clinic. We previously reported that a formulated DIM (BR-DIM; hereafter referred as B-DIM) with higher bioavailability was able to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell growth, angiogenesis, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. …

Radiation Therapy For Locally Recurrent Breast Cancer., Joshua Siglin, Colin E Champ, Yelena Vakhnenko, Pramila R Anne, Nicole L Simone

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Approximately one-third of all breast cancer patients experience local recurrence of their tumor after initial treatment. As initial treatment often employs the use of radiation therapy (RT), the standard of care for local breast cancer recurrence after initial breast conserving therapy has traditionally been surgical intervention with mastectomy. However, recent attempts to preserve the intact breast after recurrence with local excision have revealed a potential need for RT in addition to repeat breast conserving surgery as rates of local failure with resection alone remain high. Additionally, local recurrence following initial mastectomy and chest wall RT can be treated with reirradiation …

Mongolian Women's Voices: A Case Study On Maternal Healthcare, Pregnancy, And Birth In Ulaanbaatar's Public Hospitals, Amelia Olmsted

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Mongolia is a country undergoing an incredible amount of change. Last year, in 2011, they had the fastest growing economy in the world, with a 17.2% increase in their GDP, according to the World Bank. A mere 22 years ago, Mongolia was a communist country, and today they are a parliamentary democracy. The country has opened itself up to the rest of the world and a free market economy, and experienced a very drastic shift in this direction in the early 1990's. Many Mongolians will tell you that the mindset of Mongolia's citizens has made a drastic shift since communism …

Real-Time Analysis Of Brain Tumor Cell Dynamics: Novel Thermoelectric Detection Of L-Glutamate And Cell Metabolism Using Microfluidics, Siva Mahesh Tangutooru

Doctoral Dissertations

This study describes the design, fabrication and applications of a novel thermoelectric microfluidic bio-sensor. The bio-sensor is used for real time detection of the L-glutamate (L-glu) dynamics and metabolism for brain tumor cells immobilized in a microfluidic device. The microfluidic device is fabricated using a polymer/glass laminating technique (Xurography). An antimony-bismuth thin-film thermopile (primary sensing element) is integrated to the microfluidic device. The brain tumor cells are immobilized over the thermopile covering measuring and reference junctions of the thermopile using a poly-l-lysine coating layer. L-glutamate oxidase (L-GLOD) is immobilized over the measuring junctions of the thermopile prior to the immobilization …

The Cutting Edge Fall 2012, Wright State University Department Of Surgery

The Cutting Edge Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Department of Surgery documenting current affairs of the department. This issue highlights the arrival of two new faculty members, upcoming special lectures, alumni news, and more.

Infliximab Dose Rounding Pratices In Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Kelly C. Sandberg, Benjamin H. Shpeen, Sally J. Eder, Muhammad Dhanani, Sarah J. Clark, Gary L. Freed, Jeremy Adler

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Infliximab (IFX) is commonly used to treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). IFX is supplied in 100mg vials and remains expensive. Dosing usually starts at 5mg/kg, and is commonly rounded up or down. The scope of dosing practices is unknown. Under-dosing may place patients at risk for exacerbation of IBD. Over-treatment potentially carries increased risk of infectious and malignant complications. We aimed to characterize IFX dosing practices among pediatric IBD practitioners participating in the ImproveCareNow Network.

The Effect Of Genetic Background And Dose On Non-Targeted Effects Of Radiation, Sarah Irons, Virginia Sierra, Deborah Bowler, Kim Chapman, Stefania Militi, Fiona Lyng, Munira Kadhim

Articles

Purpose: This work investigates the hypothesis that genetic background plays a significant role in the signalling mechanisms underlying induction and perpetuation of genomic instability following radiation exposure.

Materials and methods: Bone marrow from two strains of mice (CBA and C57) were exposed to a range of X-ray doses (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 3 Gy). Different cellular signalling endpoints: Apoptosis, cytokine levels and calcium flux, were evaluated at 2 h, 24 h and 7 d post-irradiation to assess immediate and delayed effects.

Results: In CBA (radiosensitive) elevated apoptosis levels were observed at 24 h post X-irradiation, and …

Pediatric Pharmacogenomics: A Systematic Assessment Of Ontogeny And Genetic Variation To Guide The Design Of Statin Studies In Children., Jonathan B. Wagner, J Steven Leeder

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The dose-exposure-response relationship for drugs may differ in pediatric patients compared with adults. Many clinical studies have established drug dose-exposure relationships across the pediatric age spectrum; however, genetic variation was seldom included. This article applies a systematic approach to determine the relative contribution of development and genetic variation on drug disposition and response using HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors as a model. Application of the approach drives the collection of information relevant to understanding the potential contribution of ontogeny and genetic variation to statin dose-exposure-response in children, and identifies important knowledge deficits to be addressed through the design of future studies.

Accuracy Of Self-Reported Sun Exposure And Sun Protection Behavior, Joel J. Hillhouse, Robert Turrisi, James Jaccard, June K. Robinson

ETSU Faculty Works

The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of self-reported skin cancer risk outcome measures proposed as standards by prevention experts to aggregated estimates of behavior from weekly diaries. Weekly electronic diaries of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) behaviors, initially validated by comparison with daily electronic diaries, were used to assess the accuracy of commonly used end-of-summer self-reported measures among 250 adults. Results revealed low biases, and good correspondence between simple open-ended self-reported estimates of days outside, hours outside, sunbathing days and hours, and days outside when not protected by either sunscreen, long-sleeved shirts, hats, or shade. Rating scale measures …

Predictive Value Of Alpha-Fetoprotein In The Long-Term Risk Of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patients With Hepatitis B Virus Infection--Results From A Clinic-Based Longitudinal Cohort., Hie-Won Hann, Xiaoying Fu, Ronald E. Myers, Richard Hann, Shaogui Wan, Su Hee Kim, Natalie Au, Jinliang Xing, Hushan Yang

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Although serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has long been used to complement imaging tests in the screening and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whether it can be used as a predictive marker of long-term risk for developing HCC in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) has not been extensively evaluated and thus remains controversial.

METHODS: We retrospectively conducted a clinic-based longitudinal cohort study including 617 Korean American patients with HBV who had been followed for up to 22 years (median follow-up time, 6.2 years) to evaluate the association between baseline serum AFP level and the long-term risk of HCC. …

The Alternative Crosstalk Between Rage And Nitrative Thioredoxin Inactivation During Diabetic Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury., Yi Liu, Yan Qu, Rutao Wang, Yanzhuo Ma, Chenhai Xia, Chao Gao, Jingyi Liu, Kun Lian, Aibing Xu, Xiaoyan Lu, Lu Sun, Lu Yang, Wayne B. Lau, Erhe Gao, Walter Koch, Haichang Wang, Ling Tao

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and thioredoxin (Trx) play opposing roles in diabetic myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury. We recently demonstrated nitrative modification of Trx leads to its inactivation and loss of cardioprotection. The present study is to determine the relationship between augmented RAGE expression and diminished Trx activity pertaining to exacerbated MI/R injury in the diabetic heart. The diabetic state was induced in mice by multiple intraperitoneal low-dose streptozotocin injections. RAGE small-interfering RNA (siRNA) or soluble RAGE (sRAGE, a RAGE decoy) was via intramyocardial and intraperitoneal injection before MI/R, respectively. Mice were subjected to 30 min of …

Neurosteroid-Mediated Regulation Of Brain Innate Immunity In Hiv/Aids: Dhea-S Suppresses Neurovirulence, Amber Paul, Ferdinand G. Maingat, Maria J. Polyak, Pornpun Vivithanaporn, Farshid Noorbakhsh, Samir Ahboucha, Glen B. Baker, Keir Pearson, Christopher Power

Publications

Neurosteroids are cholesterol-derived molecules synthesized within the brain, which exert trophic and protective actions. Infection by human and feline immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and FIV, respectively) causes neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, leading to neurological deficits. Secretion of neuroinflammatory host and viral factors by glia and infiltrating leukocytes mediates the principal neuropathogenic mechanisms during, although the effect of neurosteroids on these processes is unknown. We investigated the interactions between neurosteroid mediated effects and lentivirus infection outcomes. Analyses of HIV-infected uninfected human brains disclosed a reduction in neurosteroid synthesis enzyme expression. Human neurons exposed to supernatants from HIV macrophages exhibited suppressed enzyme expression without …

Phase Ii Evaluation Of Dasatinib In The Treatment Of Recurrent Or Persistent Epithelial Ovarian Or Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study., Russell J Schilder, William E Brady, Heather A Lankes, James V Fiorica, Mark S Shahin, Xun C Zhou, Robert S Mannel, Harsh B Pathak, Wei Hu, R Katherine Alpaugh, Anil K Sood, Andrew K Godwin

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: Preclinical data suggest an important role for the sarcoma proto-oncogene tyrosine kinase (SRC) in the oncogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC). The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) conducted a Phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dasatinib, an oral SRC-family inhibitor in EOC/PPC, and explored biomarkers for possible association with clinical outcome.

METHODS: Eligible women had measurable, recurrent or persistent EOC/PPC and had received one or two prior regimens which must have contained a platinum and a taxane. Patients were treated with 100mg orally daily of dasatinib continuously until progression of disease …

Visual Function After Correction Of Distance Refractive Error With Ready-Made And Custom Spectacles: A Randomized Clinical Trial., Christopher J. Brady, Andrea C Villanti, Monica Gandhi, David S Friedman, Lisa Keay

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate patient-reported outcome measures with the use of ready-made spectacles (RMS) and custom spectacles (CS) in an adult population in India with uncorrected refractive error (URE).

DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized trial with 1-month follow-up.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 363 adults aged 18 to 45 years with ≥1 diopter (D) of URE (RMS, n = 183; CS, n = 180).

INTERVENTION: All participants received complete refraction and were randomized to receive CS (full sphero-cylindrical correction) or RMS based on the spherical equivalent for the eye with lower refractive error but limited to the powers in the RMS inventory.

MAIN …

Non-Compaction Of The Left Ventricle And Associated Ventricular Septal Defect., Abid Laghari, Javed Tai, Sumaira Saleem

Department of Medicine

A case report of a 28-year-old patient, who presented with symptoms and signs of congestive heart failure and had clinical signs of ventricular septal defect as well. On further work-up echocardiogram showed non-compaction of the left ventricle with severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction and a ventricular septal defect. He was treated with standard treatment of heart failure and is doing well.

Anaesthetic Management Of Neonatal Primary Hyperparathyroidism, Anwar-Ul-Huda, Sanam Dost Mohammad, Tauseef Ahmed

Department of Anaesthesia

Neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism (NPHP) is a rare disease that presents in the first 6 months of life. It is almost invariably fatal unless a prompt diagnosis is made and urgent surgical intervention is instituted. Patients with hyperparathyroidism require special preoperative considerations. They require proper work-up from cardiac, renal and neurological point of view, correction of intravenous volume and electrolytes irregularities. We are presenting a case of an infant who started to have cyanosis and lethargy at 21st day of life. Initial diagnosis of pneumonia was made but later on diagnosed as hyperparathyroidism. He was planned for parathyroidectomy under general anaesthesia. …

Comparison Of Upper Lip Bite Test With Mallampati Test In The Prediction Of Difficult Intubation At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Pakistan, Muhammad Asghar Ali, Muhammad Qamar-Ul-Hoda, Khalid Samad

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To determine the accuracy of the Upper lip bite test and Mallampati test in predicting difficult endotracheal intubation.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, a tertiary care facility in Karachi, Pakistan. Between June 1,2007 and May 31, 2008, 324 adult patients undergoing elective surgeries requiring general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubations were enrolled. Pre-operatively upper lip bite test and Mallampati test were performed for the assessment of airway by a specifically trained observer. Laryngoscopic view was rated by using Cormack and Lehane laryngoscopic grading once the patient was fully anaesthetised using standard anaesthesia technique. Completed …

Nucleic Acid And Non-Nucleic Acid-Based Reprogramming Of Adult Limbal Progenitors To Pluripotency, Sowmya Parameswaran, Sudha Balasubramanian, Norbert Babai, Carolina B. Deldebbio, Donald W. Harms, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Mahendra S. Rao, J. Graham Sharp, Iqbal Ahmad

Journal Articles: Ophthalmology

Reprogramming somatic cells to a pluripotent state by nucleic acid based (NAB) approaches, involving the ectopic expression of transcription factors, has emerged as a standard method. We recently demonstrated that limbal progenitors that regenerate cornea are reprogrammable to pluripotency by a non-NAB approach through simple manipulation of microenvironment thus extending the possible therapeutic use of these readily accessible cells beyond the proven treatment of corneal diseases and injury. Therefore, to determine the validity and robustness of non-cell autonomous reprogramming of limbal progenitors for a wider clinical use, here, we have compared their reprogramming by non-NAB and NAB approaches. We observed …

Gene Expression In Human Accessory Lacrimal Glands Of Wolfring, John L. Ubels, Ilene K. Gipson, Sandra J. Spurr-Michaud, Ann S. Tisdale

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The accessory lacrimal glands are assumed to contribute to the production of tear fluid, but little is known about their function. The goal of this study was to conduct an analysis of gene expression by glands of Wolfring that would provide a more complete picture of the function of these glands. METHODS: Glands of Wolfring were isolated from frozen sections of human eyelids by laser microdissection. RNA was extracted from the cells and hybridized to gene expression arrays. The expression of several of the major genes was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Of the 24 most highly expressed genes, 9 were …

Gene Expression In Human Accessory Lacrimal Glands Of Wolfring, John L. Ubels, Ilene K. Gipson, Sandra J. Spurr-Michaud, Ann S. Tisdale

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

PURPOSE: The accessory lacrimal glands are assumed to contribute to the production of tear fluid, but little is known about their function. The goal of this study was to conduct an analysis of gene expression by glands of Wolfring that would provide a more complete picture of the function of these glands. METHODS: Glands of Wolfring were isolated from frozen sections of human eyelids by laser microdissection. RNA was extracted from the cells and hybridized to gene expression arrays. The expression of several of the major genes was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Of the 24 most highly expressed genes, 9 …

Doxycycline Does Not Influence Established Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms In Angiotensin Ii-Infused Mice, Xiaojie Xie, Hong Lu, Jessica J. Moorleghen, Deborah A. Howatt, Debra L. Rateri, Lisa A. Cassis, Alan Daugherty

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Background: There is no proven medical approach to attenuating expansion and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). One approach that is currently being investigated is the use of doxycycline. Despite being primarily used as an antimicrobial drug, doxycycline has been proposed to function in reducing AAA expansion. Doxycycline is effective in reducing the formation in the most commonly used mouse models of AAAs when administered prior to the initiation of the disease. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of doxycycline on established AAAs when it was administered at a dose that produces therapeutic serum …

Weight Gain, Metabolic Syndrome, And Breast Cancer Recurrence: Are Dietary Recommendations Supported By The Data?, Colin E Champ, Jeff S Volek, Joshua Siglin, Lianjin Jin, Nicole L Simone

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Metabolic syndrome, which can include weight gain and central obesity, elevated serum insulin and glucose, and insulin resistance, has been strongly associated with breast cancer recurrence and worse outcomes after treatment. Epidemiologic and prospective data do not show conclusive evidence as to which dietary factors may be responsible for these results. Current strategies employ low-fat diets which emphasize supplementing calories with increased intake of fruit, grain, and vegetable carbohydrate sources. Although results thus far have been inconclusive, recent randomized trials employing markedly different dietary strategies in noncancer patients may hold the key to reducing multiple risk factors in metabolic syndrome …