Digital Commons Network^™

Whole Genome Metagenomic Analysis Of The Gut Microbiome Of Differently Fed Infants Identifies Differences In Microbial Composition And Functional Genes, Including An Absent Crispr/Cas9 Gene In The Formula-Fed Cohort, Matthew D. Di Guglielmo, Karl Franke, Courtney Cox, Erin L. Crowgey

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Background: Advancements in sequencing capabilities have enhanced the study of the human microbiome. There are limited studies focused on the gastro-intestinal (gut) microbiome of infants, particularly the impact of diet between breast-fed (BF) versus formula-fed (FF). It is unclear what effect, if any, early feeding has on short- term or long-term composition and function of the gut microbiome.

Results: Using a shotgun metagenomics approach, differences in the gut microbiome between BF (n = 10) and FF (n = 5) infants were detected. A Jaccard distance principle coordinate analysis was able to cluster BF versus FF infants based on the presence …

Tendinosis Develops From Age- And Oxygen Tension-Dependent Modulation Of Rac1 Activity., Rowena Mcbeath, Richard W. Edwards, Brian J. O'Hara, Mitchell G. Maltenfort, Susan M. Parks, Andrzej Steplewski, A. Lee Osterman, Irving M. Shapiro

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Age-related tendon degeneration (tendinosis) is characterized by a phenotypic change in which tenocytes display characteristics of fibrochondrocytes and mineralized fibrochondrocytes. As tendon degeneration has been noted in vivo in areas of decreased tendon vascularity, we hypothesized that hypoxia is responsible for the development of the tendinosis phenotype, and that these effects are more pronounced in aged tenocytes. Hypoxic (1% O₂ ) culture of aged, tendinotic, and young human tenocytes resulted in a mineralized fibrochondrocyte phenotype in aged tenocytes, and a fibrochondrocyte phenotype in young and tendinotic tenocytes. Investigation of the molecular mechanism responsible for this phenotype change revealed that …

Ethical Considerations For Conducting Sexual And Reproductive Health Research With Female Adolescents Engaged In High-Risk Behaviours In China, Xu-Dong Zhang, Sabrina Ching Yuen Luk, Yue-Hong Han, Gui-Rong Chen, Bao-Sheng Zhu, Stanley Luchters

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Chinese female adolescents engaged in sex trade and substance use are often criminalized and stigmatized. As a result of these cultural, legal and political constraints, ethical concerns can discourage investigators from engaging these adolescents in research. This paper aims to address the ethical tensions between protection and inclusion in conducting sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research with adolescents engaged in high-risk behaviours. Processes of moral reasoning, and examples and practical mechanisms in managing such ethical challenges were presented in the hope of advancing the research ethics policies and practice with adolescents.

Methods: We extracted ethical issues from three previously …

Mutational Landscape Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas In A South Asian Population, Kulsoom Ghias, Sadiq S. Rehmani, Safina Abdul Razzak, Sarosh Madani, M Kamran Azim, Rashida Ahmed, Mumtaz J Khan

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer type globally and contributes significantly to burden of disease in South Asia. In Pakistan, HNSCC is anmong the most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and females. The increasing regional burden of HNSCC along with a unique set of risk factors merited a deeper investigation of the disease at the genomic level. Whole exome sequencing of HNSCC samples and matched normal genomic DNA (n=7) was performed. Significant somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified and pathway analysis performed to determine frequently affected signaling pathways. We identified significant, novel …

The Man With 2 Hearts: 25 Years From Heterotopic To Orthotopic Heart Transplantation, Elizabeth L Godfrey, Michael L Kueht, Abbas Rana, O H Frazier

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Substantial technological advances in mechanical circulatory support have caused a shift in the management of end-stage heart failure. From the 1970s through the 1990s, heterotopic heart transplantation was routinely performed in patients in whom orthotopic transplantation was likely to fail. Heterotopic heart transplantation is now performed less often because modern mechanical circulatory assist devices are routinely used as bridges to orthotopic transplantation; regardless, the operation has helped numerous patients who would not otherwise have received adequate allografts. We describe the case of a man with idiopathic nonischemic cardiomyopathy who, at age 17, was given an ABO- and size-matched heterotopic allograft …

The Endocannabinoid System In Migraine: From Bench To Pharmacy And Back., Cristina Tassorelli, Rosaria Greco, Stephen D. Silberstein

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Migraine is a common, highly disabling disorder. Its treatment involves acute and preventive therapy. Many of available preventive medications are not well tolerated, which results in poor compliance and limited effectiveness. Cannabinoids have been proposed for the treatment of migraine but their efficacy and tolerability are controversial.

RECENT FINDINGS: Cannabinoids modulate functions and activity of signaling pathways that have a key role in pain control. Growing preclinical evidence and initial clinical findings suggest that modulation of the endocannabinoid system, via endogenous or exogenous cannabinoids may be relevant for migraine via multiple mechanisms.

SUMMARY: The endocannabinoid system qualifies …

Recommendations For The Design Of Therapeutic Trials For Neonatal Seizures., Janet S. Soul, Ronit Pressler, Marilee Allen, Geraldine Boylan, Heike Rabe, Ron Portman, Pollyanna Hardy, Sarah Zohar, Klaus Romero, Brian Tseng, Varsha Bhatt-Mehta, Cecil Hahn, Scott Denne, Stephane Auvin, Alexander Vinks, John Lantos, Neil Marlow, Jonathan M. Davis, International Neonatal Consortium

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Although seizures have a higher incidence in neonates than any other age group and are associated with significant mortality and neurodevelopmental disability, treatment is largely guided by physician preference and tradition, due to a lack of data from well-designed clinical trials. There is increasing interest in conducting trials of novel drugs to treat neonatal seizures, but the unique characteristics of this disorder and patient population require special consideration with regard to trial design. The Critical Path Institute formed a global working group of experts and key stakeholders from academia, the pharmaceutical industry, regulatory agencies, neonatal nurse associations, and patient advocacy …

Patient-Specific Dendritic Cell Vaccines With Autologous Tumor Antigens In 72 Patients With Metastatic Melanoma., Robert O Dillman, Andrew N Cornforth, Edward F Mcclay, Carol Depriest

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Aim: Metastatic melanoma patients were treated with patient-specific vaccines consisting of autologous dendritic cells loaded with antigens from irradiated cells from short-term autologous tumor cell lines.

Patients & methods: A total of 72 patients were enrolled in a single-arm Phase I/II (NCT00948480) trial or a randomized Phase II (NCT00436930).

Results: Toxicity was minimal. Median overall survival (OS) was 49.4 months; 5-year OS 46%. A 5-year OS was 72% for 18 recurrent stage 3 without measurable disease when treated and 53% for 30 stage 4 without measurable disease when treated. A total of 24 patients with measurable stage 4 when treated …

Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy Analysis Reveals Proteoglycan Decorin Is Necessary For Proper Collagen Organization In Prostate., Kirby R. Campbell, Rajeev Chaudhary, Monica Montano, Renato V. Iozzo, Wade A. Bushman, Paul J. Campagnola

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Collagen remodeling occurs in many prostate pathologies; however, the underlying structural architecture in both normal and diseased prostatic tissues is largely unexplored. Here, we use second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to specifically probe the role of the proteoglycan decorin (Dcn) on collagen assembly in a wild type (wt) and Dcn null mouse (Dcn  -    /    -  ). Dcn is required for proper organization of collagen fibrils as it regulates size by forming an arch-like structure at the end of the fibril. We have utilized SHG metrics based on emission directionality (forward-backward ratio) and relative conversion efficiency, which are both related to …

Speaking Good (And Safe) Dermatologic English, Lawrence Charles Parish, W. Clark Lambert

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Periodically, our feathers become ruffled about the use or misuse of English in dermatology. 1, 2 We have railed against the derogatory term for crusted scabies3, suggested a contrived term to lessen the burden connoted by decubitus ulcers4, and discouraged renaming atopic dermatitis to atopiform dermatitis. 5 Imagine what the dermatologic lexicographers, Morris Leider (1908-1987) 6and Morris Rosenbaum, might be saying were they here today. 7

Using an appropriate word or words to describe an anatomic part or a portion of the skin is just good medical practice. We do not believe a lightning bolt will descend as portrayed in …

Publisher Correction: Toxoplasma Modulates Signature Pathways Of Human Epilepsy, Neurodegeneration & Cancer., Huân M Ngô, Ying Zhou, Hernan Lorenzi, Kai Wang, Taek-Kyun Kim, Yong Zhou, Kamal El Bissati, Ernest Mui, Laura Fraczek, Seesandra V Rajagopala, Craig W Roberts, Fiona L Henriquez, Alexandre Montpetit, Jenefer M Blackwell, Sarra E Jamieson, Kelsey Wheeler, Ian J Begeman, Carlos Naranjo-Galvis, Ney Alliey-Rodriguez, Roderick G Davis, Liliana Soroceanu, Charles Cobbs, Dennis A Steindler, Kenneth Boyer, A Gwendolyn Noble, Charles N Swisher, Peter T Heydemann, Peter Rabiah, Shawn Withers, Patricia Soteropoulos, Leroy Hood, Rima Mcleod

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Automated Fiber Tract Reconstruction For Surgery Planning: Extensive Validation In Language-Related White Matter Tracts., Matteo Mancini, Sjoerd B. Vos, Vejay N. Vakharia, Aidan G. O'Keeffe, Karin Trimmel, Frederik Barkhof, Christian Dorfer, Salil Soman, Gavin P. Winston, Chengyuan Wu, John S. Duncan, Rachel Sparks, Sebastien Ourselin

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Diffusion MRI and tractography hold great potential for surgery planning, especially to preserve eloquent white matter during resections. However, fiber tract reconstruction requires an expert with detailed understanding of neuroanatomy. Several automated approaches have been proposed, using different strategies to reconstruct the white matter tracts in a supervised fashion. However, validation is often limited to comparison with manual delineation by overlap-based measures, which is limited in characterizing morphological and topological differences. In this work, we set up a fully automated pipeline based on anatomical criteria that does not require manual intervention, taking advantage of atlas-based criteria and advanced acquisition protocols …

A Retrospective Comparison Of Venetoclax Alone Or In Combination With An Anti-Cd20 Monoclonal Antibody In R/R Cll., Anthony R Mato, Lindsey E Roeker, Toby A Eyre, Chadi Nabhan, Nicole Lamanna, Brian T Hill, Danielle M Brander, Paul M Barr, Frederick Lansigan, Bruce D Cheson, Arun K Singavi, Maryam Sarraf Yazdy, Nirav N Shah, John N Allan, Erica B Bhavsar, Joanna Rhodes, Kaitlin Kennard, Stephen J Schuster, Annalynn M Williams, Alan P Skarbnik, Andre H Goy, Julie M Goodfriend, Colleen Dorsey, Catherine C Coombs, Hande Tuncer, Chaitra S Ujjani, Ryan Jacobs, Allison M Winter, John M Pagel, Neil Bailey, Anna Schuh, Mazyar Shadman, Andrea Sitlinger, Hanna Weissbrot, Sivraj Muralikrishnan, Andrew Zelenetz, Amy A Kirkwood, Christopher P Fox

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Venetoclax (VEN) is approved for relapsed/refractory (R/R) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as monotherapy (VENmono) or in combination with rituximab. Whether VEN plus anti-CD20 (VENcombo) is superior to VENmono is unknown. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cohort analysis comparing 321 CLL patients treated with VENmono vs VENcombo across the United States and the United Kingdom. We examined demographics, baseline characteristics, dosing, adverse events, response rates, and outcomes. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), estimated by Kaplan-Meier method, in patients treated with VENmono vs VENcombo. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed with COX regression. Three hundred twenty-one …

Diagnostic Value Of Two Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography Combined With Texture Analysis In Early Liver Fibrosis., Zhao-Cheng Jian, Jin-Feng Long, Yu-Jiang Liu, Xiang-Dong Hu, Ji-Bin Liu, Xian-Quan Shi, Wei-Sheng Li, Lin-Xue Qian

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Staging diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In recent years, ultrasound elastography has become an important method for clinical noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis stage, but its diagnostic value for early liver fibrosis still needs to be further improved. In this study, the texture analysis was carried out on the basis of two dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE), and the feasibility of 2D-SWE plus texture analysis in the diagnosis of early liver fibrosis was discussed.

AIM: To assess the diagnostic value of 2D-SWE combined with textural analysis …

Delirium In Long Term Care Rehabilitation Residents: A Correlational Retrospective Study, Rebecca Lerma-Kjonegaard

Dissertations

Abstract Background: Delirium is associated with devastating outcomes, cognitive loss,

decreased function and an increase risk of mortality which affects patients and places a heavy burden on family and the healthcare system. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between select demographics, clinical characteristics, CHART- DEL-derived delirium diagnosis and ICD-10 coded discharge delirium diagnoses among Long Term Care (LTC) rehabilitation residents.

Method: A retrospective correlational design from174 LTC rehabilitation residents age 65 years or older using EMR and hard copy charts. The setting was a Southern California community hospital-based 100-bed LTC. Abstracted data included demographic characteristics (age, …

Commencement, Philadelphia (2019), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Commencements

Philadelphia Campus Graduate Program Commencement program, Class of 2019. Degrees include Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine.

Changes In Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure To The Ocular Region: A Population-Based Study., Ezekiel Weis, Sebastian Q. Vrouwe, David B. Lebaron, Matthew B. Parliament, Jerry A Shields, Carol L. Shields

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

In contrast to the well-established association between ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and skin cancers, the relationship between UVR and uveal malignant melanoma (UM) remains controversial. To address this controversy, we evaluated the incidence rates of cutaneous malignancies in the eyelids as a proxy for UVR exposure in the ocular region using a population-based cancer registry. Overall, 74,053 cases of eyelid basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 7890 cases of melanoma over a 26-year period (1982–2007) were analyzed. The incidence of eyelid basal cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma remained stable, whereas other cutaneous areas demonstrated an increase in the rates. A comparability …

Sub-Region Based Radiomics Analysis For Survival Prediction In Oesophageal Tumours Treated By Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy, Congying Xie, Pengfei Yang, Xuebang Zhang, Lei Xu, Xiaoju Wang, Xiadong Li, Luhan Zhang, Ruifei Xie, Ling Yang, Zhao Jing, Hongfang Zhang, Lingyu Ding, Yu Kuang, Tianye Niu, Shixiu Wu

Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences Faculty Research

Background: Evaluating clinical outcome prior to concurrent chemoradiotherapy remains challenging for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) as traditional prognostic markers are assessed at the completion of treatment. Herein, we investigated the potential of using sub-region radiomics as a novel tumour biomarker in predicting overall survival of OSCC patients treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Methods: Independent patient cohorts from two hospitals were included for training (n = 87) and validation (n = 46). Radiomics features were extracted from sub-regions clustered from patients' tumour regions using K-means method. The LASSO regression for ‘Cox’ method was used for feature selection. The survival prediction model …

Toward A Comprehensive View Of Cancer Immune Responsiveness: A Synopsis From The Sitc Workshop., Davide Bedognetti, Michele Ceccarelli, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Rongze Lu, Karolina Palucka, Josue Samayoa, Stefani Spranger, Sarah Warren, Kwok-Kin Wong, Elad Ziv, Diego Chowell, Lisa M Coussens, Daniel D De Carvalho, David G Denardo, Jérôme Galon, Howard L Kaufman, Tomas Kirchhoff, Michael T Lotze, Jason J Luke, Andy J Minn, Katerina Politi, Leonard D Shultz, Richard Simon, Vésteinn Thórsson, Joanne B Weidhaas, Maria Libera Ascierto, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, James M Barnes, Valentin Barsan, Praveen K Bommareddy, Adrian Bot, Sarah E Church, Gennaro Ciliberto, Andrea De Maria, Dobrin Draganov, Winson S Ho, Heather M Mcgee, Anne Monette, Joseph F Murphy, Paola Nisticò, Wungki Park, Maulik Patel, Michael Quigley, Laszlo Radvanyi, Harry Raftopoulos, Nils-Petter Rudqvist, Alexandra Snyder, Randy F Sweis, Sara Valpione, Lisa H Butterfield, Mary L Disis, Bernard A Fox, Alessandra Cesano, Francesco M Marincola

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Tumor immunology has changed the landscape of cancer treatment. Yet, not all patients benefit as cancer immune responsiveness (CIR) remains a limitation in a considerable proportion of cases. The multifactorial determinants of CIR include the genetic makeup of the patient, the genomic instability central to cancer development, the evolutionary emergence of cancer phenotypes under the influence of immune editing, and external modifiers such as demographics, environment, treatment potency, co-morbidities and cancer-independent alterations including immune homeostasis and polymorphisms in the major and minor histocompatibility molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Based on the premise that cancer is fundamentally a disorder of the genes …

Disruption Of Telomere Integrity And Dna Repair Machineries By Kml001 Induces T Cell Senescence, Apoptosis, And Cellular Dysfunctions, Dechao Cao, Juan Zhao, Lan N. Nguyen, Lam N. T. Nguyen, Sushant Khanal, Xindi Dang, Madison Schank, Bal K. Chand Thakuri, Xiao Y. Wu, Zheng D. Morrison, Mohamed El Gazzar, Yue Zou, Shunbin Ning, Ling Wang, Jonathan P. Moorman, Zhi Q. Yao

ETSU Faculty Works

T cells in chronic viral infections are featured by premature aging with accelerated telomere erosion, but the mechanisms underlying telomere attrition remain unclear. Here, we employed human CD4 T cells treated with KML001 (a telomere-targeting drug) as a model to investigate the role of telomere integrity in remodeling T cell senescence. We demonstrated that KML001 could inhibit cell proliferation, cytokine production, and promote apoptosis via disrupting telomere integrity and DNA repair machineries. Specifically, KML001-treated T cells increased dysfunctional telomere-induced foci (TIF), DNA damage marker γH2AX, and topoisomerase cleavage complex (TOPcc) accumulation, leading to telomere attrition. Mechanistically, KML001 compromised telomere integrity …

Leptin Produced By Obesity-Altered Adipose Stem Cells Promotes Metastasis But Not Tumorigenesis Of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer In Orthotopic Xenograft And Patient-Derived Xenograft Models, Rachel A. Sabol, Annie C. Bowles, Alex Côté, Rachel Wise, Benjamen O'Donnell, Margarite D. Matossian, Fokhrul M. Hossain, Hope E. Burks, Luis Del Valle, Lucio Miele, Bridgette M. Collins-Burow, Matthew E. Burow, Bruce A. Bunnell

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the USA. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a clinically aggressive subtype of breast cancer with high rates of metastasis, tumor recurrence, and resistance to therapeutics. Obesity, defined by a high body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for breast cancer. Women with a high BMI have increased incidence and mortality of breast cancer; however, the mechanisms(s) by which obesity promotes tumor progression are not well understood. METHODS: In this study, obesity-altered adipose stem cells (obASCs) were used to evaluate obesity-mediated effects of TNBC. Both in vitro …

Mechanisms Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression, Olorunseun O. Ogunwobi, Trisheena Harricharaan, Jeannette Huaman, Anna Galuza, Oluwatoyin Odumuwagun, Yin Tan, Grace X. Ma, Minhhuyen T. Nguyen

Publications and Research

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a very poor prognosis. In the United States, there has been only minimal improvement in the prognosis for HCC patients over the past 15 years. Details of the molecular mechanisms and other mechanisms of HCC progression remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgent need for better understanding of these mechanisms. HCC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and most patients will therefore need systemic therapy, with sorafenib being the most common at the present time. However, sorafenib …

Abcb1 Snp Predicts Outcome In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated With Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin: A Report From Children's Oncology Group Aaml0531 Trial., Roya Rafiee, Lata Chauhan, Todd A. Alonzo, Yi-Cheng Wang, Ahlam Elmasry, Michael R. Loken, Jessica Pollard, Richard Aplenc, Susana Raimondi, Betsy A. Hirsch, Irwin D. Bernstein, A S. Gamis, Soheil Meshinchi, Jatinder K. Lamba

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Gemtuzumab-ozogamicin (GO), a humanized-anti-CD33 antibody linked with the toxin-calicheamicin-γ is a reemerging and promising drug for AML. Calicheamicin a key element of GO, induces DNA-damage and cell-death once the linked CD33-antibody facilitates its uptake. Calicheamicin efflux by the drug-transporter PgP-1 have been implicated in GO response thus in this study, we evaluated impact of ABCB1-SNPs on GO response. Genomic-DNA samples from 942 patients randomized to receive standard therapy with or without addition of GO (COG-AAML0531) were genotyped for ABCB1-SNPs. Our most interesting results show that for rs1045642, patients with minor-T-allele (CT/TT) had better outcome as compared to patients with CC …

Impact Of Tumor Regional Involvement On Active Surveillance Outcomes: Validation Of The Cumulative Cancer Location Metric In A Us Population., Joon Yau Leong, Courtney Capella, Seth Teplitsky, Leonard G. Gomella, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas, Thenappan Chandrasekar

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Treatment progression for men on active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) is driven primarily by grade and volume progression on isolated prostate biopsies (PBx). As PCa is a multifocal disease, regional disease progression over time should be accounted for.

OBJECTIVE: To validate the utility of the cumulative cancer location (CCLO) metric, which assesses regional core involvement, as described by Erickson et al (Cumulative cancer locations is a novel metric for predicting active surveillance outcomes: a multicenter study. Eur Urol Oncol 2018;1:268-75), in predicting AS outcomes in a North American cohort.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A single-institutional retrospective chart …

Agenda (Pdf), Department Of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Dept. of Obstetrics & Gynecology Resident Research Day

The 31st Annual LSU School of Medicine Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Resident Research Day was held on Friday, May 17, 2019 at the Human Development Center (HDC).

The Keynote Speaker was Haywood L. Brown MD.
7 oral presentations and 11 poster presentations were included.

Browse the attached agenda for event details, abstracts, and posters.

Discovery Of Alpha-Gal-Containing Antigens In North American Tick Species Believed To Induce Red Meat Allergy, Gary Crispell, Scott P. Commins, Stephanie A. Archer-Hartman, Shailesh Choudhary, Guha Dharmarajan, Parastoo Azadi, Shahid Karim

Faculty Publications

Development of specific IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1, 3-galactose (α-gal) following tick bites has been shown to be the source of red meat allergy. In this study, we investigated the presence of α-gal in four tick species: the lone-star tick (Amblyomma americanum), the Gulf-Coast tick (Amblyomma maculatum), the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis), and the black-legged tick (Ixodes scapularis) by using a combination of immunoproteomic approach and, carbohydrate analysis. Anti-α-gal antibodies identified α-gal in the salivary glands of both Am. americanum and Ix. scapularis, while Am. maculatum and De. variabilis …

Medical Students: A Reflective Journey Over Time, Saniya Sabzwari, Kulsoom Ghias, Anjiya Sulaiman

Department of Family Medicine

Experiences in medical education have changed significantly in the last two decades. This evolution is apparent in the teaching/ learning environment, types of education resources and learners. In this article two students provide a reflective account of their individual journeys in medical education spanning across 20 years. While some things remain unchanged, significant differences emerge that stress upon the educators and institutions to stay mindful of these transitions in order to develop learning environments that nurture the growth of future physicians.Experiences in medical education have changed significantly in the last two decades. This evolution is apparent in the teaching/ learning …

Racial/Ethnic Demographics Of Participants In Clinical Trials Of Biologics Used For Asthma, Susamita Kesh

Research Days

No abstract provided.

A High-Throughput Screen Indicates Gemcitabine And Jak Inhibitors May Be Useful For Treating Pediatric Aml, Christina D. Drenberg, Anang Shelat, Jinjun Dang, Anitria Cotton, Shelley J. Orwick, Mengyu Li, Jae Yoon Jeon, Qiang Fu, Daelynn R. Buelow, Marissa Pioso, Shuiying Hu, Hiroto Inaba, Raul C. Ribeiro, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Tanja A. Gruber, R. Kiplin Guy, Sharyn D. Baker

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Improvement in survival has been achieved for children and adolescents with AML but is largely attributed to enhanced supportive care as opposed to the development of better treatment regimens. High risk subtypes continue to have poor outcomes with event free survival rates < 40% despite the use of high intensity chemotherapy in combination with hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Here we combine high-throughput screening, intracellular accumulation assays, and in vivo efficacy studies to identify therapeutic strategies for pediatric AML. We report therapeutics not currently used to treat AML, gemcitabine and cabazitaxel, have broad anti-leukemic activity across subtypes and are more effective relative to the AML standard of care, cytarabine, both in vitro and in vivo. JAK inhibitors are selective for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and significantly prolong survival in multiple preclinical models. Our approach provides advances in the development of treatment strategies for pediatric AML.

Failure Of Methotrexate Monotherapy And Subsequent Response To Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors In Pediatric Non-Infectious Uveitis, Basak Can Ermerak Md

Research Days

No abstract provided.