Digital Commons Network^™

Ghastly Growths And Bone Chilling Cases Pediatric Tumor Diagnosis Demystified, Alexander Aly Restum, Arif Musa

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background:

Pediatric skeletal tumors range from benign to malignant and require multimodal imaging for accurate diagnosis. Recognizing key features enables early detection, guides management, identifies underlying syndromes, and improves outcomes. This presentation provides an educational overview of pediatric tumor evaluation.

Methods:
We conducted a focused review of peer-reviewed literature and representative pediatric imaging studies to outline the radiologic characteristics of common benign and malignant bone tumors in children. Core imaging patterns, diagnostic challenges, and modality-specific advantages were synthesized to create a practical interpretive framework for radiologists.

Results:
The reviewed literature and imaging demonstrated consistent defining features across pediatric bone tumors. …

Health Practices And Use Of Traditional Medicine Among Asian Indian Immigrants In The United States: A Pilot Study, Parita Patel, Anil N.F. Aranha

Medical Student Research Symposium

Title: Health Practices and Use of Traditional Medicine Among Asian Indian Immigrants in the United States: A Pilot Study

Authors

Parita Patel, MPH¹; Anil N.F. Aranha, PhD^1,2

Medical Education¹, Internal Medicine², Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Traditional and alternative medicine (TAM), including Ayurveda, Homeopathy, Naturopathy, and home remedies, remains widely used among Asian Indian (AI) immigrants in the United States alongside Western medicine. Cultural familiarity, family influence, and perceived safety shape these practices. This pilot study examined TAM prevalence, patterns, and perceptions among AI immigrants and …

Comparing Injury Incidence Between Major League Soccer And The English Premier League During The 2024/2025 Season: A Retrospective Cohort Study, William Gadbois, Youssef Salama, Kevin Reck, Scott Mohamed El-Sayed Yaekle

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background

Major League Soccer (MLS) and the English Premier League (EPL) differ substantially in geographic footprint, travel requirements, competition structure, and scheduling. These structural differences may influence player injury risk, yet no study has directly compared injury incidence between the two leagues within the same competitive season. In 2024, MLS introduced a centralized, standardized injury-reporting system that improved transparency and created a unique opportunity for direct comparison with the EPL.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study will analyze all reported time-loss injuries during the 2024 MLS and 2024–25 EPL seasons. Injury data will be collected from publicly available league reports, club …

Environmental Mercury Alters Immune Pathways Linked To Autoimmune Risk In Mice Mirroring Humans, Maurgan Lee, Paul Stemmer, Randall Gill, Allen Rosenspire, Anil Aranha, Heather Gibson

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background and Purpose: Mercury is a pervasive environmental contaminant, and human epidemiologic studies have linked chronic low-level exposure to increased autoimmune disease-risk. Dysregulated lymphocyte activation and impaired signaling tolerance are central mechanisms in human autoimmunity. Protein phosphorylation governs lymphocyte differentiation and function, alterations in phosphoproteomic networks may represent a signature of immune disruption. This study evaluates how low dose mercury exposure modifies B and T cell abundance and intracellular signaling patterns in BALB/c and Diversity Outbred (DO) mice.

Methods: BALB/c and DO mice were exposed to low dose HgCl2 in their water for two weeks or provided standard water controls. …

Impact Of Dietician Counseling On Outcomes In Newly Diagnosed Celiac Disease, Andreas Mozny B.A., Alyusuf Elnaggar B.A., James Mo M.D., Suraj Suresh M.D.

Medical Student Research Symposium

Title: Impact of Dietician Counseling on Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Celiac Disease

Background: Dietician counseling is routinely recommended for newly diagnosed celiac disease (CD), yet its measurable impact is not well defined. This study examined whether early dietician involvement improves clinical symptoms or serologic outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed adults with biopsy-confirmed CD at a single center from 2020–2024. Demographics, symptoms, and laboratory data were collected by chart review with ≥6 months of follow-up. Patients who met with a dietician formed the dietician group; all others were assigned to the non-dietician group. Fisher's Exact tests evaluated abdominal …

Axitinib-Pembrolizumab And Adverse Event Management In Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma, Neil Shah, Yaa Ababio, Anthony Eccleston, Dharanija Rao, Scott Kelly, Jane Chang, Sarah Lucht, Caleb Paydar, Bryce Van Doren, Emily Bland, William John, Sarah Giegerich, Jalyna Laney, Bruce Feinberg, Kevin Zarrabi

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Understanding approaches to managing treatment-related adverse events (AEs) in immunotherapy and tyrosine kinase inhibitor-based treatments in a clinical setting is critical for reaching optimal patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the management of AEs in community practices during first-line axitinib plus pembrolizumab therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study comprised a cross-sectional electronic physician survey and a multisite, retrospective cohort study of the medical records of US patients with aRCC who initiated first-line axitinib-pembrolizumab between April 22, 2019, and January 31, 2024. Data were analyzed from September 18 to December 20, 2024.

EXPOSURE: First-line …

Titanium Dioxide: An Inquiry Into The Mechanisms And Implications Of Exposure In Gut Dysbiosis And Metabolic Disorders, Meghan Gardiner

Senior Honors Theses

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is one of the most prevalent food additives utilized in commercial products in the United States. While TiO₂ was originally hailed as a nontoxic and cost-effective additive, studies are beginning to reveal that TiO₂ is not as safe as it once seemed. TiO₂ may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disorders through direct and indirect mechanisms. The compound induces gut dysbiosis, leading to alterations in bacterial metabolites and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which results in the selective resistance of glucocorticoid receptors. Additionally, TiO₂ itself can translocate from the gut to …

In-Use Stability And Device Compatibility Define Clinically Actionable Handling Limits For A Gmp-Produced Attenuated Listeria Monocytogenes Vaccine Expressing Gucy2c, Jagmohan Singh, Taranjot Johar, Vannessa Scully, Scott A. Waldman, Babar Bashir, Adam E. Snook

Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Background: Live-attenuated Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) vectors are a clinically validated cancer immunotherapy platform, but translation requires reproducible, clinically realistic workflows for dose preparation and infusion. For live bacterial products, in-use stability and device compatibility can drive dose variability through adsorption, settling, and device losses. Methods: We developed and GMP-manufactured an attenuated Lm vaccine expressing human GUCY2C (Lm-GUCY2C) and performed translational characterization, including construct verification and immunogenicity readouts, and defined the administration-focused in-use stability and device compatibility. Post-thaw stability was assessed in primary cryovials and during preparation and delivery from 250 mL saline infusion bags using standard clinical devices (syringes/needles, filter-free …

Indocyanine Green Focused Near-Infrared Fluorescence Lymphography Localization In Treatment Of Chyle Leak After Mastectomy With Targeted Left Axillary Sentinel Node Biopsy For Breast Cancer., Bradley C Kruithoff, Dawn Cox, Mark Cripe

Women’s Health Articles

We present a woman in her 60s who underwent bilateral mastectomy with left axillary targeted lymph node biopsy in the setting of high grade invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast with metastasis to a left axillary lymph node. Her postoperative course was complicated by high output milky drainage from her left axillary surgical drain, consistent with a chyle leak, after confirmatory testing demonstrated drain fluid with high triglyceride content. The patient failed non-operative management consisting of low-fat diet and compressive measures. Ultimately, the patient returned to the operating room where indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence lymphography was used to localized …

Circulating Metabolites Associated With Protection Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection And Inhibition Of Mycobacterial Growth, Todia P Setiabudiawan, Lika Apriani, Julian Avila-Pacheco, Edwin Ardiansyah, Vinod Kumar, Bachti Alisjahbana, Ayesha J Verrall, Andrew R Dinardo, Agnes R Indrati, Vera P Mourits, L Charlotte J De Bree, Simone J C F M Moorlag, Clary B Clish, Leo A B Joosten, Arjan Van Laarhoven, Krista E Van Meijgaarden, Mihai G Netea, Simone A Joosten, Valerie A C M Koeken, Philip C Hill, Reinout Van Crevel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A significant proportion of individuals who are heavily exposed to infectious tuberculosis patients do not acquire Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, as detected by an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). We examined circulating metabolite profiles and metabolic genotypes in 199 heavily exposed IGRA-negative tuberculosis household contacts in Indonesia. Based on differentially abundant metabolites, activity of several pathways including arachidonic acid, arginine and proline, glutathione, and tryptophan metabolism, correlated with a negative IGRA at three months. SNPs near PRODH (involved in arginine and proline metabolism) were associated with circulating proline concentrations and persistently negative IGRA results, while SNPstudys near AFMID (involved in …

Exceptional Response Of Radiotherapy-Naïve Cranial Meningiomas To Dual Immune Checkpoint Blockade In Bap1 Tumor Predisposition Syndrome, Gary Gallia, Christine Hann, Calixto-Hope Lucas, Licia Pacheco Luna, David Kamson, Takami Sato

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors, and while most are benign, atypical and anaplastic variants frequently recur and have limited effective treatment options. Recent trials of PD-1 blockade in unselected meningioma cohorts have demonstrated modest activity, with low objective response rates. These findings highlight the need to identify molecular biomarkers that may predict immunotherapy sensitivity in this disease. BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a tumor suppressor critical for chromatin regulation and DNA repair, and germline pathogenic variants cause BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome (BAP1-TPDS), a hereditary cancer syndrome characterized by uveal melanoma, mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, meningioma, …

Symmetrical Drug-Related Intertriginous And Flexural Exanthema Associated With Tirzepatide, William Goodman, Karan Pandher, Mahaa Ayub

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

A Reappraisal On The Use Of Mechanical Circulatory Support In Acute Coronary Syndrome And High-Risk Percutaneous Coronary Intervention—Lessons From Stemi-Dtu And Chip-Bcis3, Marwan F. Jumean, Mir Babar Basir, Biswajit Kar

Journal of Shock and Hemodynamics

None.

A Review Of Robotic Vnotes Surgery: Current Applications, Advantages, And Future Directions, Daniel Y Lovell, Qiannan Yang, Xiaoming Guan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Over the past 500 years, the convergence of three distinct paths - vaginal surgery, laparoscopy, and robotic technologies - has enabled the development of robot-assisted vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RA-vNOTES). The ongoing evolution of vaginal surgery has led to contemporary procedures such as hysterectomy, myomectomy, sacrocolpopexy, adnexal interventions, and oncologic operations, applicable to a wide range of diagnoses and pathologies. This approach offers patients significant benefits, including superior cosmetic outcomes, less pain, lower infection rates, and faster recovery of baseline quality of life. Surgeons benefit from improved ergonomics, better visualization, the ability to use multiple instruments, and enhanced …

Objective Oculomotor, Vestibular, Reaction Time, And Cognitive Signatures Of Vestibular Migraine, Claire E. J. Ceriani, Alexandr Braverman, Alexander Kiderman

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate oculomotor, vestibular, reaction time, and cognitive (OVRT-C) function in patients with vestibular migraine (VM) using objective eye-tracking-based metrics and to identify patterns of dysfunction relative to healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Vestibular migraine is a common yet underdiagnosed cause of vertigo. Diagnosis remains primarily clinical, because objective neurologic and vestibular findings are often absent or inconsistent. Quantitative methods capable of capturing the multisystem manifestations of VM may improve objective characterization of the disorder.

METHODS: Participants with a clinical diagnosis of vestibular migraine were recruited from a tertiary headache center and assessed using a battery of OVRT-C tests administered with …

Prenatal Care, Pregnancy Risk, Birth Outcomes And The Role Of Neighborhood Characteristics, Monica Garcia-Perez Phd, Randy Huard Phd, Christopher Thoms Phd, David Tilstra Md

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

This study links 2024 CentraCare Health birth records with neighborhood census tract conditions from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA, 2020/2021) to examine how place, prenatal care, and clinical risks influence birth outcomes in Central Minnesota. Neighborhood factors are standardized and paired with measures of prenatal-care adequacy and pregnancy-risk indicators in a series of multivariate linear models to explore their effect on birth outcomes. Analyses adjust for maternal demographics and clinical risks to identify independent neighborhood effects. A privacy-preserving, tract-linked dataset is also created to help local partners target high-need prevention areas.

Utilizing Remote Patient Monitoring With Dnp Students To Provide Pre-Natal Care, Sara Mccumber

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

This educational project introduced Nurse Practitioners to the use of RPM during pre-natal care for a patient with pre-natal hypertension. Hypertension is a risk factor in 16% of pregnancies and 5-8% of US births are impacted by hypertensive disorders and preeclampsia (CDC, 2023).

Identification and effective management of hypertension in pregnancy recently was an initiative of the Minnesota Perinatal Quality Collaborative (MPQC, 2022).

Improving Hormone Therapy Replacement Use Through Provider Education, Caitlin Schmidt, Jennifer Peterson

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

Menopausal symptoms significantly affect quality of life, yet hormone therapy (HRT) remains underutilized in primary care settings. This quality improvement project assessed whether a brief educational intervention could improve provider knowledge and prescribing confidence. A pre–post survey design revealed increased knowledge, greater guideline awareness, and heightened willingness to prescribe HRT following a 10–15 minute educational module.

Latest In Resuscitation Research: Highlights From The 2025 American Heart Association's Resuscitation Science Symposium, Caleb T Suh, Clark G Owyang, Lindsay Shepard, Betty Yang, Ryan W Morgan, Daniel M Rolston, Catherine R Counts, Tommaso Scquizzato, James Horowitz, Tatyana Shvilkina, Katherine Berg, Sam Parnia, Sanam Alilou, Catherine Swarts, Ryan A Coute, Lama A Ammar, William C Herring, Thomas Lederer, Joaquin Araos, Benjamin S Abella, Cameron Dezfulian, Sarah M Perman, Felipe Teran

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Discourse And Sentiment On Reddit Before And After Covid-19: Mixed Methods Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Marcin Marciniak, Sean A Setzen, Deeya Bhattacharya, Jamie Masliah, Robin Powszok, Erich M Sturgis, Vanessa C Stubbs, Mihir K Bhayani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus that causes various oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. The HPV vaccine provides protection against several strains of HPV and is a key preventative tool against HPV-related cancers; however, vaccination rates remain suboptimal in the United States due to variable state mandates and misperceptions of vaccine efficacy and risks. As social media becomes an increasingly popular avenue for health discussions, platforms such as Reddit offer opportunities to understand public vaccine discourse, particularly among underrepresented groups. Furthermore, vaccine hesitancy and mistrust generally increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially impacting HPV vaccination rates.

Objective: This …

Elongin B Orchestrates Chromatin And Transcriptional Programs In H3k27m-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma, Alan L Jiao, Rebecca L Murdaugh, Adam F Kebede, Claudia A Mimoso, Barry M Zee, Rosemary U Richard, Kwanha Yu, Caitlin L Bagnetto, Karen Adelman, Mariella G Filbin, Yang Shi, Jamie N Anastas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recurrent driver mutations in genes encoding histone H3 (H3.3K27M and H3.1K27M) are observed in ~80% of diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), which lead to aberrant gene regulation, yet the specific RNA polymerase II (Pol2) regulators that induce transcriptional dysregulation in DMG are not fully defined. We identified multiple regulators of Pol2 elongation as DMG genetic dependencies in a chromatin-focused CRISPR screen. Additional studies confirm that knockout (KO) of the Pol2 SIII complex gene elongin B (ELOB) inhibits DMG cell proliferation in tissue culture and tumor growth in xenograft models. Further genomic analyses reveal that ELOB binding sites are enriched in H3K27M …

Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia, Sarcoidosis, And The Ultimate Unmasking Of A Pheochromocytoma, Anusha U. Saga, Elizabeth Clark, Isaac R. Whitman

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The pitfall of anchoring bias may contribute to diagnostic conundra. In this case, a patient with a history of systemic sarcoidosis presented to the electrophysiology clinic with palpitations. Rhythm monitoring revealed polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PMVT). A diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis was presumed and pursued even though repeat cardiac imaging was negative. In the interim, the patient developed new hypertension, and the patient’s primary care provider screened the patient for pheochromocytoma. Despite the initial pursuit of a misdiagnosis in a patient with a high pretest probability for the wrong diagnosis, the pheochromocytoma was resected and the PMVT and hypertension was cured.

Association Of Polygenic Risk Scores With Aortic Valve Calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Seamus P Whelton, Jie Yao, Clary Clish, Alexis C Wood, Kent D Taylor, Michael J Blaha, Matthew Budoff, Natalie Marrero, George Thanassoulis, Wendy S Post, Xiuqing Guo, Jerome I Rotter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is the primary process leading to aortic stenosis. We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) are associated with AVC beyond traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Methods: We included 6812 participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with computed tomography-measured AVC at Visit 1. Using previously published PRS we calculated weighted PRS, standardized within each ancestry group. The cross-sectional association per 1 SD higher PRS with AVC >0 was examined using multivariable logistic regression modeling with Bonferroni correction. The mean age was 62 years old, 53% were female, and 913 (13.4%) had AVC >0 at …

Comments On The Rapid Access Chest Pain Assessment Clinic: An Australian Virtual Care Experience, Marwan Shawki, Ali H. Al-Fiadh

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract for this article type.

Advancing Lipid Management: Saudi Heart Association Position Statement On Pcsk9-Targeted Therapies In The Primary And Secondary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease, Waleed Alhabeeb, Hussein Alamri, Hussein Elbadawi, Yazed S. Alruthia, Waleed Alharbi, Owayed Alshammeri, Adel Tash, Shadi Almoziny, Naji Kholaif, Hussain Halawani, Fadia Almahdi, Wael Yar, Khalid F Alhabib

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Background: Despite robust evidence for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention, attainment of guideline-recommended targets remains suboptimal in Saudi Arabia, especially among high- and very high-risk patients. Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9)-targeted therapies, which include monoclonal antibodies (evolocumab, alirocumab) and small interfering RNA (inclisiran), offer potent LDL-C lowering that can help address this gap.

Methods: The Saudi Heart Association (SHA) convened a multidisciplinary panel to review evidence from randomized controlled trials, real-world studies, and economic analyses on PCSK9-targeted therapies. Recommendations were developed through expert consensus, contextualized to the Saudi healthcare environment.

Results and conclusions: …

Investigating Racial Differences In The Receipt Of Antenatal Interventions Prior To Periviable Delivery, Niurka Monteserin, Whitney Bender

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The Society for Maternal Fetal Medicine (SMFM) provides guidance on the use of antenatal corticosteroids, antibiotics, and cesarean delivery in the periviable period. Although racial differences exist in postnatal active management of periviable neonates have been described, less is known about racial differences in antenatal interventions preceding delivery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in the receipt of antenatal interventions before periviable delivery by birthing parent race.

METHODS:  We conducted a population-based cohort study using the National Center for Health Statistics database including periviable deliveries (20w0d-25w6d) from 2016-2021. Individuals delivering a non-anomalous live singleton gestation in a hospital were included. Births …

Rhythms Of Hippocampal Function And Memory After Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Lilliana May Sanchez

Psychology ETDs

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders involve morphologic and neurobiological abnormalities in offspring subjected to prenatal alcohol exposure. Although not as well studied as high exposure, moderate prenatal alcohol exposure represents the most common and undetected form in humans. While learning and memory deficits have been well characterized at the behavioral level in humans with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders and in animal models of moderate prenatal alcohol exposure, few studies have determined the circuit or systems level mechanisms of the behavioral deficits. A complete understanding of the neural bases of memory deficits after moderate prenatal alcohol exposure is needed to ultimately identify …

Pneumomlpred: Innovating Pneumonia Management With Guideline Adherence Review And Explainable Machine Learning-Based Mortality Prediction - A Single-Centre Retrospective Study, Kamel A. Samara, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Saryia Adra, Batool Aldaher, Drishti D. Kampani, Enad Haddad, Hebah Soudan, Islam Ibrahim Anwar, Mohamad Besher Adi, Omar Hamadi, Yumna Almour, Mohamed Nassef, Zaher Al Aghbari, Eman Abu-Gharbieh

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading causes of death globally. Changing antibiotic resistance profiles, paucity of reliable CAP mortality prediction models, and ageing populations will increase its burden. This study aims to evaluate adherence to CAP management guidelines as well as develop an ML-based mortality prediction model.

Methods: This retrospective, chart review included all CAP cases between 2016 and 2021. Variables collected included patients' demographics, comorbidities, vitals, laboratory, imaging, and culture findings, as well as initial and targeted antibiotic regimens. Data was pre-processed and analysed in python-3. Adherence to the American thoracic society/infectious diseases society of America …

Urobiome Composition Varies With Vesicoureteral Reflux Grade And History Of Febrile Urinary Tract Infection, Theresa C. Barrett, Kelvin Li, Adam Fitch, Asha Patel, Bhanu Sharma, Jacqueline Holden, Kermina Abdelsayed, Nina N. Kowalewski, Sridhar Narla, Daniel Bushnell, Barbara A. Methé, Catherine S. Forster

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a risk factor for urinary tract infection (UTI). However, data describing the urobiome in children with VUR are limited. Here, we characterized the urobiome in children with and without VUR to better understand its potential role in VUR pathogenesis. Catheterized urine samples were obtained from children who presented for voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) between 12/1/2020 and 10/3/2023. Children were excluded if they had any surgical procedures of the genitourinary tract in the 30 days prior to VCUG or were on treatment antibiotics at the time of VCUG. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and taxonomical classification identified the urobiome. …

Pediatric Trauma Trends Before And After Recreational Cannabis Legalization In Nevada: A Retrospective Repeated Cross-Sectional Study, Jenna Serr, Vidhani Goel, Roberto Sagaribay, Kavita Batra, Ami P. Shah

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Cannabis legalization has raised concerns regarding its potential influence on injury patterns, particularly among children. However, evidence on pediatric trauma remains limited. Objective: To examine trends in pediatric trauma incidence, injury mechanisms, healthcare utilization, and socioeconomic characteristics before and after recreational cannabis legalization in Nevada. Methods: A retrospective repeated cross-sectional study of trauma registry data was conducted using pediatric trauma activations recorded between 2013 and 2023. Incidence rates per 100,000 population were calculated using census data. Pre-legalization (2013–2016) and post-legalization (2017–2023) periods were compared using incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and bivariate tests. Socioeconomic status was assessed using the Distressed …