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The Effect Of Nurse Initiated Paracetamol On Emergency Department Patients With Pain From Low Acuity Injury, Joanne G. Wilson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Early identification and management of pain was identified at the commencement of this study as a key area requiring research in emergency departments. Prolonged waiting times for analgesia especially, was highlighted in the National Institute of Clinical Studies emergency department collaborative in 2003. Many barriers exist for a patient to receive analgesia. In Western Australia this is compounded by the legislation which restricts prescribing rights for nurses. Three considerations guided the development of the research project. Firstly, the patient has initial contact with the emergency department from the nurse at triage. Secondly, paracetamol was recognised as a potentially effective analgesic …

Short-Wavelength Light Sensitivity Of Circadian, Pupillary, And Visual Awareness In Humans Lacking An Outer Retina, Farhan H. Zaidi, Joseph T. Hull, Stuart N. Peirson, Katharina Wulff, Daniel Aeschbach, Joshua J. Gooley, George C. Brainard, Kevin Gregory-Evans, Joseph F. Rizzo Iii, Charles A. Czeisler, Russell G. Foster, Merrick J. Moseley, Steven W. Lockley

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

As the ear has dual functions for audition and balance, the eye has a dual role in detecting light for a wide range of behavioral and physiological functions separate from sight. These responses are driven primarily by stimulation of photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) that are most sensitive to short-wavelength ( approximately 480 nm) blue light and remain functional in the absence of rods and cones. We examined the spectral sensitivity of non-image-forming responses in two profoundly blind subjects lacking functional rods and cones (one male, 56 yr old; one female, 87 yr old). In the male subject, we found …

Diphenhydramine-Dependence Resulting From Self-Medication Of Antipsychotic- Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms, Faisal S. Shaikh M.B.B.S., Ann M. Mortimer M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Antipsychotic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms should be recognised and adequately treated. We report an unusual complication of not doing so: a patient’s self-medicating to control these symptoms, which produced diphenhydramine-dependence.

Dissociative-Like Spells In A Child With Neurofibromatosis (Type 1), Gregory M. Singleton M.D. (Pgy2), Ann M. Lagges Ph.D., Karen G. Meighen M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

Neurofibromatosis, type 1, (NF1) is a common neurocutaneous disorder of childhood. Little is known about the psychiatric aspects of the condition. We present the case of a 10-year-old male with NF1 and complex spells. For two years he had been experiencing self-limited paroxysms of auditory and visual hallucination, assaultiveness, excited undressing, and amnesia. The spells have been refractory to multiple treatments, including antipsychotic medication. The question remains whether this episodic amnestic disorder is comorbid with NF1 or is caused by it.

A Major Event Of Self-Mutilation In A Patient With Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Joel P. Johnson M.D. (Pgy4), Steven Sugden M.D., James A. Bourgeois O.D., M.D.

Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry

We describe a young adult male with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) who presented with a non-repetitive, major, genital self-mutilation necessitating urological intervention. On formal psychiatric evaluation, he did not have psychosis or suicidality. Most commonly, self-injury in developmental disability is less severe and more stereotypic; major-class self-mutilation is confined, generally, to psychosis. It is this discrepancy that is the unusual feature of our case.

Neurology, Ayeesha K. Kamal

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Illusory Predictors: Generalizability Of Findings In Cocaine Treatment Retention Research, Angela L Stotts, Marc E Mooney, Shelly L Sayre, Meredith Novy, Joy M Schmitz, John Grabowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Treatment retention is of paramount importance in cocaine treatment research as treatment completion rates are often 50% or less. Failure to retain cocaine patients in treatment has both significant research and clinical implications. In this paper we qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate the inconsistency found across analyses of retention predictors in order to highlight the problem. First, a qualitative review of the published literature was undertaken to identify the frequency of predictors studied and their relations to treatment retention. Second, an empirical demonstration of predictor stability was conducted by testing a common set of variables across three similar 12-week cocaine clinical …

Neuroradiology, Zafar Sajjad

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Psychiatry, Syed Ahmer

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Relationship Between Premenstrual Symptom Severity And Catastrophic Thinking, Candon Deanne Norton

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is proposed as a cluster of severe emotional, physical and behavioral symptoms that affect a small percentage or women during the late luteal phase of their menstrual cycle and cease shortly after the onset or menses. Although some researchers hypothesize there is a difference in the amount or pain actually experienced during the premenstrual phase, others argue that there muy be differences in how women interpret the 'normal' fluctuations and bodily changes of the premenstrual phase. Perhaps women who experience severe premenstrual symptoms anticipate their symptoms and become hypervigilant in monitoring normal bodily sensations, which results …

Effects Of Knee Bracing On Vertical Jumping Performance In Healthy College Aged Males, Rebecca E. Rausch

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Knee bracing is used at all levels of athletics to prevent or support existing knee injuries; however, little research has been conducted on the effects of knee braces on athletic performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how two different types of knee braces, semi-customizable braces and knee sleeves, affect vertical jumping performance. Subjects were nine college aged males who regularly participated in athletic activity. Subjects performed a task consisting of a drop jump from a height of 18 inches, landing in a squat position, followed immediately by a maximal vertical jump while wearing two different knee …

Nonsexual Transmission Of Anogenital Warts In Children: A Retrospective Analysis, Valerie Jones, Shawn J. Smith, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The purpose was to evaluate the prevalence of sexual abuse in patients who were referred to a pediatric gynecologist for evaluation based on the clinical findings of anogenital warts. A retrospective analysis was performed on 131 patients between the ages 6 month and 9 years referred to a pediatric gynecologist after the finding of anogenital warts by a clinical provider, parent or caregiver. A complete physical examination under colposcopy by a the same, trained pediatric gynecologist was completed, and a complete medical and family history including maternal and sibling history for evidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and anogenital warts. The …

Understanding Barriers For Adherence To Follow-Up Care For Abnormal Pap Tests, Katherine S. Eggleston, Ann L. Coker, Irene Prabhu Das, Suzanne T. Cordray, Kathryn J. Luchok

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Objective: Approximately 4000 women annually will die from preventable and treatable cervical cancer. Failure to adhere to follow-up recommendations after an abnormal Pap test can lead to development of cervical cancer. This paper summarizes the body of literature on adherence to follow-up after an abnormal Pap test in order to facilitate development of interventions

to decrease morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of published literature addressing risk factors for adherence or interventions to improve adherence following an abnormal Pap test as the outcome. We included peer-reviewed original research conducted in the …

Developing "Human Functioning And Rehabilitation Research" From The Comprehensive Perspective., Gerold Stucki, Jan Dietrich Reinhardt, Gunnar Grimby, John Melvin

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Faculty Papers

With the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) the World Health Organization (WHO) has prepared the ground for a comprehensive understanding of Human Functioning and Rehabilitation Research, integrating the biomedical perspective on impairment with the social model of disability. This poses a number of old and new challenges regarding the enhancement of adequate research capacity. Here we will summarize approaches to address these challenges with respect to 3 areas: the organization of Human Functioning and Rehabilitation Research into distinct scientific fields, the development of suitable academic training programmes and the building of university centres and collaboration networks.

Factors Associated With Teenage Pregnancy In The European Union Countries: A Systematic Review, Mari Imamura, Janet Tucker, Phil Hannaford, Miguel Oliveira Da Silva, Margaret Astin, Laura Wyness, Kitty Wm Bloemenkamp, Albrecht Jahn, Helle Karro, Jørn Olsen, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: As part of the REPROSTAT2 project, this systematic review aimed to identify factors associated with teenage pregnancy in 25 European Union countries.

Methods: The search strategy included electronic bibliographic databases (1995 to May 2005), bibliographies of selected articles and requests to all country representatives of the research team for relevant reports and publications. Primary outcome measure was conception. Inclusion criteria were quantitative studies of individual-level factors associated with teenage (13–19 years) pregnancy in EU countries.

Results: Of 4444 studies identified and screened, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies took place in UK and Nordic countries. …

The Resurgence Of The Adora2b Receptor As An Immunotherapeutic Target In Pancreatic Cancer, Inah Lee, James J Knierim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Subfields of the hippocampus display differential dynamics in processing a spatial environment, especially when changes are introduced to the environment. Specifically, when familiar cues in the environment are spatially rearranged, place cells in the CA3 subfield tend to rotate with a particular set of cues (e.g., proximal cues), maintaining a coherent spatial representation. Place cells in CA1, in contrast, display discordant behaviors (e.g., rotating with different sets of cues or remapping) in the same condition. In addition, on average, CA3 place cells shift their firing locations (measured by the center of mass, or COM) backward over time when the animal …

Depression In The Elderly: Does Family System Play A Role? A Cross-Sectional Study, Ather M. Taqui, Ahmed Itrat, Waris Qidwai, Zeeshan Qadri

Department of Family Medicine

Background

The most common geriatric psychiatric disorder is depression. The role of family systems in depression among the elderly has not been studied extensively. It has been suggested that urbanization promotes nucleation of family systems and a decrease in care and support for the elderly. We conducted this study in Karachi, a large urban city of Pakistan, to determine the relationship between the type of family system and depression. We also determined the prevalence of depression in the elderly, as well as correlation of depression with other important socio-demographic variables.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the premises …

Com Outlook Fall 2007, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Prophylactic Eye Drops On The Reversal Of Uv-Light Induced Cataracts, Contessa Bly Bowman

Theses and Dissertations

Cataracts are a cloudiness of the lens within the eye which obstructs vision. They are found in many species including rats, dogs, and humans. Vision is hindered where this "cloudiness", made of water build up and broken crystalline, proteins take form. Oculvet is an eye medication, used by veterinarians, containing carnosine as its active ingredient. Topical application of carnosine is reported to be an effective treatment for the prevention and removal of pre-existing cataracts. For this experiment, Sprague- Dawley rats were anesthetized and exposed to ultraviolet radiation, UVB and UVC. They were divided into four groups (n = 32), three …

Simulation To Augment Standardized Patients In Obstetric Ultrasound Training, Scott Richard Guirlinger

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Standardized patients are actors used in medical training to teach and eval11atc clinical skills of students prior to their using these skills on an actual patient. Augmented Reality is a relatively new technology that can be used to augment standardized patients with abnonnalitie8 and pathologies that they cannot portray themselves as normal healthy human beings. In our project, we sought to augment standardized patients with a 12-week- old fetus in order to train and possibly evaluate medical students and professionals in performing obstetric ultrasound procedures and interpreting the corresponding ultrasound image results.

The software library ARToolkit provided the framework for …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 9 No. 5 (September/October 2007), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Medically Unexplained Symptoms, Murad M Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Role Of Stellate Ganglion Block In Post Cabg Sympathetically Mediated Chest Pain, Mueen Ullah Khan, Imtiaz Ahmed

Department of Anaesthesia

Acute chest pain is a common presentation in emergency. After clinical assessment undiagnosed chest pain can become a difficult problem. Sympathetically mediated chest pain is a rare presentation, as it is similar to that of secondary hyperalgesia in the intact skin surrounding an injury site. We are reporting a case of a 62 years old man who presented with atypical chest pain four months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). On investigation no new change was noticed than previous evaluation. On chronic pain assessment he was having hyperalgesia to light touch in addition to the spontaneous chest pain. He was …

Severe Anaphylactic Reaction At Induction Of Anaesthesia, Aliya Ahmed, Anand Kumar

Department of Anaesthesia

Anaphylaxis is an IgE mediated severe allergic reaction causing release of vasoactive substances from mast cells and basophils after re-exposure to an antigen. Signs and symptoms include flushing, urticaria, hypotension, tachycardia, bronchospasm, cardio-respiratory arrest etc. It can occur at induction of anaesthesia when multiple drugs are being administered, but prompt diagnosis with correct management is the key to a successful outcome. This case report describes a patient who developed severe bronchospasm with difficulty in inflating the lungs and dropping oxygen saturations, alongwith hypotension, tachycardia and widespread flushing, at induction of anaesthesia for elective breast surgery. She was promptly managed and …

Psychosocial Support Programme To Reduce Stress Among Emergency Physicians, Muhammad Shahid

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Vital Signs, Fall 2007, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty-seven page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni profiles, class notes, and more.

Predictors Of Emotional Reactions In Women Treated For Breast Cancer, Erin E. Ramirez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Breast cancer can be a devastating disease that impacts a woman in all spheres of her life (Ingram, 1989). Previous studies have examined the impact of breast cancer on body satisfaction, as well as the impact on emotional well-being. Studies have also examined the role of the coping style that a woman engages in response to the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in the woman's psychological adjustment to the disease. However, to date, no research has introduced and tested a multifaceted model.

The purpose of this study was to develop a model predicting psychological maladjustment in women treated for …

Detection Of Simulated Apical Root Resorption Using Three Cone Beam Ct Machines, Marcus Paulson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine orthodontists' ability to discriminate small differences of simulated apical root resorption (SARR) on extracted teeth, using the output from three cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) machines. Twenty-four unrestored maxillary anterior teeth exhibiting normal morphology, were collected. The teeth were scanned by three CBCT machines: 1) the NewTom 3G (AFP imaging, USA), 2) the iCAT (Imaging Sciences, USA) 3) and the MicroCAT II (Siemens Medical, USA). Using a sandblaster the apical portion of each tooth was reduced in 0.5 mm increments up to a total reduction of 1.5 mm. Each root modification was …

Children With Autism: Sleep Problems And Predictors Of Maternal Stress, Cindy Y. Nam

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Research examining the impact of children’s autism and the sleep problems frequently associated with the disorder on parents’ stress has been quite limited. Studies have been constrained by methodological problems, including small sample sizes and the examination of children of autism within larger groups of children with a range of developmental disabilities. Typically, diagnostic criteria used to select children for an autism study is not indicated and no measure of the severity of children’s symptomology is included. The present investigation was designed to examine children’s autism symptomology and parents’ reports of their children’s sleep problems as well as the parents …

Religious Coping And Depression In Home Care Patients, Kirsten Ingheim

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study examined the impact of a medical illness in 36 elderly male and female home health care patients with a primary diagnosis of heart disease, cancer, diabetes, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and how they coped with their medical condition. Relationships between depression and religious coping, functional status, quality of life, and depression, as well as relationship between functional status and quality of life were investigated. In addition, a moderating effect of the relationship between functional status and depression by religious coping was explored. The participants completed the Religious Problem-Solving Scale (RPSS) (Collaborative, Deferring, and Self-Directing), the SF-12 …