Digital Commons Network^™

Decreased Intracellular Zinc In Human Tumorigenic Prostate Epithelial Cells: A Possible Role In Prostate Cancer Progression, Liping Huang, Catherine P. Kirschke, Yunfan Zhang

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Zinc plays important roles in maintaining normal function of the prostate and in development of prostate malignancy. It has been demonstrated that prostate malignant epithelial cells contain much less cellular zinc than the surrounding normal epithelial cells. However, the pathway(s) which leads to lower zinc accumulation in malignant prostate epithelial cells is poorly understood. In this study, the zinc homeostatic features of two human prostate epithelial cell lines (non-tumorigenic, RWPE1, and tumorigenic, RWPE2) were investigated. Effects of over-expression of ZIP1 in RWPE2 on cell proliferation and apoptosis were also studied.

Results

RWPE2 accumulated less intracellular zinc than RWPE1 …

Reproductive Health Update Trainings For Health Workers In North Eastern Province, Garissa, Kenya Ministry Of Health, Population Council

Reproductive Health

The Somali community living in Kenya has practiced the severest form of female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), infibulation, for centuries. To understand the context within which the practice takes place, and how its complications are managed, FRONTIERS undertook a diagnostic study in North Eastern Province and in the Eastleigh area of Nairobi. The study found that the health system is ill equipped to serve women who have been cut, and particularly infibulated women who are pregnant and delivering, stemming from an overall weakness in the availability and quality of maternal and neonatal heath services. Specific recommendations could strengthen these services so …

Guide To A Successful Pregnancy: A Resource Manual For Pregnant And Parenting Young Women In Las Vegas, Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy Reports

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

A Guide to a Successful Pregnancy.

• Are you Pregnant? Taking a pregnancy test
• First steps of Pregnancy: Options of pregnancy, health plans, obtaining medical care such as a doctor
• Months 1, 2, 3: Maintaining a healthy diet, what you should stay away from, exercise, symptoms of danger, and normal symptoms of pregnancy
• Months 4, 5, 6: Following a routine, classes available during pregnancy, normal pregnancy symptoms
• Months 7, 8, 9: Following a routine, normal pregnancy symptoms
• Labor and Delivery: Symptoms of labor, symptoms of danger
• Parenting: Normal symptoms after birth, Routine to follow to return to normal state, Breast feeding …

Primary Repair Of An Esophageal Rupture Using Pleural Flap, Saulat H. Fatimi, Sadaf Sheikh, Asif Anwar Ali

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Esophageal perforation remains an important thoracic emergency. Aggressive operative therapy remains the mainstay for treatment. A case of esophageal perforation, consequent upon impacted food bolus, is presented. An 80 years old female, with multiple comorbidities, presented with dysphagia and right sided chest pain, who had a distal esophageal tear, secondary to accidental meat ball ingestion. Rigid esophagoscopy showed complete occlusion of the distal esophagus with a meat ball. Right thoracotomy was performed, which showed perforated esophagus with large meat ball protruding from it. Endoscopic removal of the food particles was done, and the rupture was repaired using a pleural flap. …

Effect Of A Paediatric Incentive Spacer And Reinforcement Of Inhalation Technique Training In Preschool Children, Jasminka Murdzoska

Theses : Honours

Incorrect inhaled drug delivery technique is a common problem in paediatric asthma [1-4]. Previously, device technique training has been shown to significantly improve inhaler skills, using subjective methods, namely check-list analysis [5-8]. However, more objective measures are needed to examine more comprehensively the effect of training in preschool children and parents. Resistance to regular asthma therapy is also a frequent problem when attempting to treat young children. Reasoning with young children can be very difficult and parents often have to struggle with their child to achieve compliance [2]. The Funhaler spacer (FH) (Funhaler™; InfaMed, Australia) has been developed in an …

Acceptability And Outcomes Of The Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (Peg) Tube Placement--Patients' And Care Givers' Perspectives, Muhammad K. Anis, Shahab Abid, Wasim Jafri, Zaigham Abbas, Hasnain A. Shah, Saeed Hamid, Rozina Wasaya

Section of Gastroenterology

Background: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube has now become a preferred option for the long-term nutritional support device for patients with dysphagia. There is a considerable debate about the health issues related to the quality of life of these patients. Our aim of the study was to assess the outcome and perspectives of patients/care givers, about the acceptability of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement.

Methods: This descriptive analytic study conducted in patients, who have undergone percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement during January 1998 till December 2004. Medical records of these patients were evaluated for their demographic characteristics, underlying diagnosis, indications …

Screening For Cystic Fibrosis: The Importance Of Using The Correct Tools, Uzma Shah, Tariq Moatter

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a potentially lethal genetic disorder. The most frequent mutation worldwide in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene is designated as the Delta F508 mutation. This mutation was found in only 33% of Pakistani patients studied. Since the common Pakistani mutations remain to be identified, appropriate screening tools are required to identify disease. Sweat chloride determinations remain the gold standard for diagnosing CF. This study was done to emphasize the importance of using the correct tests.
Methods: The study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital. The CFTR delta F508 mutation was tested …

Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity And Hydration Protocols, Ahmed Usman, Heeranand Keswani, Suresh Nagdev,, Ghulam H, Tehseen Khursheed,, Anis Malik,, Kasif Jafferi

Department of Medicine

Objective : Ahmed Usman, Heeranand Keswani, Suresh Nagdev, Ghulam Haider, Tehseen Khursheed, Anis Malik, Kasif Jafferi To evaluate the nephrotoxicity of cisplatiri in cancer patients, using different protocols of hydration.

Study Design : Randomized controlled trial.

Patients & Methods : This study was conducted between 1st June to 30th November 2004. Ninetynine patients with normal renal function were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned into the 3 study groups, each group having 33patients. In group 1 hydration was done with saline (2 liter) alone, in group 2 with saline (2 liter) and furosemide (40mg) and in group 3 with …

Construction Of Improved Temperature-Sensitive And Mobilizable Vectors And Their Use For Constructing Mutations In The Adhesin-Encoding Acm Gene Of Poorly Transformable Clinical Enterococcus Faecium Strains, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Kavindra V Singh, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inactivation by allelic exchange in clinical isolates of the emerging nosocomial pathogen Enterococcus faecium has been hindered by lack of efficient tools, and, in this study, transformation of clinical isolates was found to be particularly problematic. For this reason, a vector for allelic replacement (pTEX5500ts) was constructed that includes (i) the pWV01-based gram-positive repAts replication region, which is known to confer a high degree of temperature intolerance, (ii) Escherichia coli oriR from pUC18, (iii) two extended multiple-cloning sites located upstream and downstream of one of the marker genes for efficient cloning of flanking regions for double-crossover mutagenesis, (iv) transcriptional terminator …

Vital Pulp Therapy With Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: An Outcomes Study, Heather H. Lauer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is used in a variety of endodontic procedures. MTA is proven to provide good marginal adaption to dentin, to be biocompatible, and to stimulate dentin bridge formation through animal studies. These properties make MTA a potentially useful material to be used in vital pulp therapy. Clinical data on the use of MTA as a vital pulp medicament is sparse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of vital pulp therapy using MTA as the pulp medicament. Inclusion criteria for patient selection for recall was based on pulp treatment necessary from carious pulp …

Evaluation Of Stature Development During Childhood And Adolescence In Individuals With Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets, Mauro M. S. Borghi, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This review was conducted to study the diagnosis, treatment, and growth progression in infants and adolescents with familial hypophosphatemic rickets. The bibliographic search was carried out utilizing the electronic databases MEDLINE, OVID, and LILACS and by direct research within the last 15 years using the keywords rickets, familial hypophosphatemia, vitamin D deficiency, stature growth, childhood, and adolescence. Article selection was done by comparing the evaluation of the growth in patients with familial hypophosphatemic rickets, including the variables that might affect them, for possible future therapeutic proposals. It is concluded that the most significant fact in the treatment of familial hypophosphatemic …

Dermatophyte Growth And Degradation Of Human Stratum Corneum In Vitro (Pathogenesis Of Dermatophytosis)., Azam J. Samdani

Department of Medicine

Background: This study was carried out to determine growth of dermatophytes using human stratum corneum in vitro and the degrading effect of Keratinases (Proteinases) on stratum corneum for a complete understanding of the host parasite relationship.

Method: Trichophyton rubrum isolates derived from patients with tinea cruris infections were obtained from the Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Wales, U.K. Human stratum corneum sterilized with ethylene oxide was used as a nitrogen source in agar culture medium plates.

Result: Fungal growth took place in plates which contained human stratum corneum particles while there was no growth in the plates without …

The Experience Of American And Canadian Cancer Patients In Deciding To Seek Alternative Care In Mexican Cancer Clinics, Alicia Bright

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

Background. Each year, despite warnings from the American Cancer Association, many US and Canadian citizens travel to Tijuana, Mexico, for cancer care. The main criticism of these clinics is that they provide treatments that are unproven, potentially unsafe, and expensive. Despite this, about 35 clinics exist in Tijuana that provide alternative care to patients who pay cash for these services.

Objectives. To understand the lived experience of people who have made the choice to receive cancer treatment at alternative cancer clinics in Tijuana, and gain insight into the process by which that decision occurs.

Population. 5 participants were interviewed. Three …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Fall 2005), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Fall 2005 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Uncommon Callings
• Take a Deep Breath
• Remembering Dr. Meals
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• Andrew Taylor Still Legacy Society
• PCOM Events

Effects Of Resistance Training Volume And Variety On Dietary Intake And Mood State In Untrained Subject, Suzette K. Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: While there is research on the effects of aerobic training on various aspects of mood state and nutrient intake, little is known of the effect of resistance training on these variables.

Purpose: To examine the effects of resistance training (RT) volume and variety on total energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake, and mood states in a healthy, untrained population.

Method:The investigation was part of a prospective experimental study examining the effects of three RT protocols on body composition and strength. An initial 102, healthy, untrained male and female participants, ages 20-40, were recruited, and randomized into one of three …

Oncolog, Volume 50, Number 07/08, July-August 2005, Rachel Williams, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Getting Proactive About Prevention
• New Techniques in Tumor Ablation
• House Call: Calling for Help: Cancer Helplines and What They Offer

Ponderal Index, Jabeen Fayyaz

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Psychological Stress And High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels In Overweight And Obese Men, Olivia L. Moses

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background and Purpose. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a measure of inflammatory response, is now considered an independent marker for coronary heart disease. Psychological stress also affects the immune system and influences the inflammatory response. Ladwig, et al (2003) found a significant positive association between hs-CRP levels and depression (F=4.9, p^.008) in 726 obese males, even after adjusting for smoking, high blood pressure and age. This study investigated if there was a similar association between increased hs-CRP levels and psychological stress in overweight and obese males.

Method. Sixty-one overweight (n=28) or obese (n= 33) males, ages 20-35, were recmited …

Predictors Of Intention To Use Contraception, Given Alcohol Consumption, Among Women In Southeast Alaska, Donna Louise Hebbeler

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Fetal alcohol exposure is a serious public health problem and is 100% preventable. Traditionally, FASD prevention programs and research recommendations have targeted peri-conceptual or pregnant women. Another approach to the prevention of FASD involves preventing pregnancy in women who use alcohol. The purpose of this cross sectional study was to identify factors that predicted women’s intention to use contraception using the theory of planned behavior (TPB), to determine if predictors of the theoretical constructs varied in women depending on alcohol use, and to examine interactions between alcohol use and TPB constructs. Qualitative data was gathered to triangulate with the quantitative …

The Application Of The Transtheoretical Model Of Change To Self-Care Behaviors In Type 2 Diabetics, Heather N. Mercer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background. The Transtheoretical Model of Change (TTM) has been investigated as a model of health behavior change; however, it has only begun to gain recognition in the diabetic population, and has not yet been investigated as it relates to the full-spectrum of diabetes self-care behaviors.

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the pattern of stages of change across four self-care behaviors between intervention and control groups, and examine psychosocial and health outcome variables.

Method. In a cross-sectional design, a sample of 132 adult subjects with type 2 diabetes completed surveys. The survey assessed stages of change among …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Smoking In Pakistan: Results Of The National Health Survey Of Pakistan, Khabir Ahmed, Fahim Jafary, Imtiaz Jehan, Juanita Hatcher, Abdul Qayum Khand , Khan, Nish Chaturvedi, Tazeen Jafar

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Endothelial Cell Pseudopods And Angiogenesis Of Breast Cancer Tumors, Ivan L. Cameron, Nicholas Short, Luzhe Sun, W. Elaine Hardman

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

A neoplastic tumor cannot grow beyond a millimeter or so in diameter without recruitment of endothelial cells and new blood vessels to supply nutrition and oxygen for tumor cell survival. This study was designed to investigate formation of new blood vessels within a human growing breast cancer tumor model (MDA MB231 in mammary fat pad of nude female mouse). Once the tumor grew to 35 mm³, it developed a well-vascularized capsule. Histological sections of tumors greater than 35 mm³were stained with PAS, with CD-31 antibody (an endothelial cell maker), or with hypoxia inducible factor 1α …

Investigating The Causes Of Low Birth Weight In Contrasting Ovine Paradigms., J M Wallace, Timothy Regnault, S W Limesand, W W Hay, R V Anthony

Paediatrics Publications

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) still accounts for a large incidence of infant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Many of the circulatory and transport properties of the sheep placenta are similar to those of the human placenta and as such, the pregnant sheep offers an excellent model in which to study the development of IUGR. Two natural models of ovine IUGR are those of hyperthermic exposure during pregnancy, and adolescent overfeeding, also during pregnancy. Both models yield significantly reduced placental weights and an asymmetrically growth-restricted fetus, and display altered maternal hormone concentrations, indicative of an impaired trophoblast capacity. Additionally, impaired placental angiogenesis …

Serum Creatinine As Marker Of Kidney Function In South Asians: A Study Of Reduced Gfr In Adults In Pakistan, Tazeen H. Jafar, Christopher H. Schmid, Andrew S. Levey

Section of Nephrology

Migrant populations of South Asian origin have a higher risk for chronic kidney disease than the native whites. Several formulas have been developed to estimate kidney function from serum creatinine concentration. However, none of these has been validated in the South Asian population, which generally has different muscle mass composition than whites. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed on 262 individuals who were aged > or = 40 yr in Karachi, Pakistan. Reduced GFR was defined as creatinine clearance (Ccr) measured in 24-h urine collection of /min per 1.73 m2. Creatinine excretion was compared with age- and gender-matched white individuals by …

Developing A Valid Screening Tool For Assessing Nutritional Adequacy And Osteoporosis Risk Among Vegans In The United States, Patricia Adelle Dyett

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The vegetarian lifestyle in the United States has increased significantly over recent decades. With this growth trend, it has become necessary to assess the pros and cons of vegetarian diet patterns, particularly with respect to nutrition adequacy and chronic disease concerns.

The vegan diet engenders more concern than other common vegetarian lifestyles because it seeks to replace all nutrient-rich animal food products with only plant foods. Consequently, there are concerns of compromised protein, calcium. vitamin D, vitamin B₁₂, n-3 fatty acid, zinc, and iron status. Moreover, because of typical vegan diet phenomena such as low BMI, low protein …

Self-Rated Health In Pakistan: Results Of A National Health Survey, Khabir Ahmed, Tazeen Jafar, Nish Chaturvedi

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is a robust predictor of mortality. In UK, migrants of South Asian descent, compared to native Caucasian populations, have substantially poorer SRH. Despite its validation among migrant South Asian populations and its popularity in developed countries as a useful public health tool, the SRH scale has not been used at a population level in countries in South Asia. We determined the prevalence of and risk factors for poor/fair SRH among individuals aged ≥15 years in Pakistan (n = 9442). Methods: The National Health Survey of Pakistan was a cross-sectional population-based survey, conducted between 1990 and …

Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids And Ionizing Irradiation On Human Breast Cancer Xenograft Growth And Angiogenesis, W. Elaine Hardman, Luzhe Sun, Nicholas Short, Ivan L. Cameron

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

The effects of an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid enriched diet alone and in combination with gamma irradiation (IR) therapy in nude mice bearing a human MDA-MB231 breast cancer xenograft were tested. The cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of young female mice. Six weeks later, mice were randomly divided into two diet groups: 1) mice with 10% corn oil (rich in omega 6 fatty acids) in their food, 2) mice consuming a 10% fat diet that was enriched in n-3 fatty acids. After two weeks on the diet, treatment with 200 cGy of IR every second …

Bench-To-Bedside Review: Rhabdomyolysis -- An Overview For Clinicians., Ana L Huerta-Alardín, Joseph Varon, Paul E Marik

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

Rhabdomyolysis ranges from an asymptomatic illness with elevation in the creatine kinase level to a life-threatening condition associated with extreme elevations in creatine kinase, electrolyte imbalances, acute renal failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Muscular trauma is the most common cause of rhabdomyolysis. Less common causes include muscle enzyme deficiencies, electrolyte abnormalities, infectious causes, drugs, toxins and endocrinopathies. Weakness, myalgia and tea-colored urine are the main clinical manifestations. The most sensitive laboratory finding of muscle injury is an elevated plasma creatine kinase level. The management of patients with rhabdomyolysis includes early vigorous hydration.

Vital Signs, Spring 2005, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty-eight page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, alumni and faculty profiles, class notes, and more.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Spring 2005), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Spring 2005 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• The Courage to Change Lives
• ALS Research: Surveying the Quality of Devastated Lives
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• PCOM Events