Digital Commons Network^™

Caffeine And Progression Of Parkinson Disease: A Deleterious Interaction With Creatine., David K. Simon, Cai Wu, Barbara C. Tilley, Anne-Marie Wills, Michael J. Aminoff, Jacquelyn Bainbridge, Robert A. Hauser, Jay S. Schneider, Saloni Sharma, Carlos Singer, Caroline M. Tanner, Daniel Truong, Pei Shieen Wong

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Increased caffeine intake is associated with a lower risk of Parkinson disease (PD) and is neuroprotective in mouse models of PD. However, in a previous study, an exploratory analysis suggested that, in patients taking creatine, caffeine intake was associated with a faster rate of progression. In the current study, we investigated the association of caffeine with the rate of progression of PD and the interaction of this association with creatine intake.

METHODS: Data were analyzed from a large phase 3 placebo-controlled clinical study of creatine as a potentially disease-modifying agent in PD. Subjects were recruited for this study from …

Integrating Meal And Exercise Into Personalized Glucoregulation Models: Metabolic Dynamics And Diabetic Athletes, Sofie Schunk

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Diabetes affects nearly 26 million Americans, according to the American Diabetes Association, with as many as three million Americans who have Type 1 Diabetes (ADA, 2015). Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is autoimmune and characterized by little to no insulin production whereas Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) concerns insulin resistance and inability to use produced insulin. Factors contributing to current diabetes management and regulation include exercise type, daily movement activities, and distinct tissue compartment metabolism, each challenging to model in a robust and comprehensive manner. Past models are highly limited in regard to exercise and varying glucose fluctuations dependent on type, intensity, …

Pengaruh Status Nutrisi Terhadap Kesintasan 30 Hari Pasien Geriatri Yang Dirawat Di Rumah Sakit, Nata Pratama Hardjo Lugito, Czeresna Heriawan Soejono, Edy Rizal Wahyudi, Esthika Dewiasty

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan: Dengan meningkatnya jumlah populasi usia lanjut, masalah kesehatan yang dialami juga semakin banyak, salah satunya malnutrisi. Studi di luar negeri menunjukkan malnutrisi pada pasien geriatri yang dirawat di rumah sakit menurunkan kesintasan. Pasien usia lanjut di Indonesia mempunyai karakteristik yang berbeda dengan pasien usia lanjut di luar negeri. Di Indonesia belum ada studi tentang status nutrisi pasien usia lanjut yang dirawat di rumah sakit dan pengaruhnya terhadap kesintasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh status nutrisi terhadap kesintasan 30 hari pasien usia lanjut yang dirawat di ruang rawat akut geriatri dan ruang rawat penyakit dalam rumah sakit.

Metode: …

Pengembangan Model Prediksi Mortalitas 3 Bulan Pertama Pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Yang Menjalani Hemodialisis, Vidhia Umami, Aida Lydia, Ginova Nainggolan, Siti Setiati

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan: Mortalitas pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis (HD) paling tinggi pada tiga bulan pertama. Data mengenai insidens dan prediktor mortalitas dini pada pasien HD sangat terbatas. Suatu model prediksi dapat menjadi alat bantu yang sederhana untuk mengetahui pasien yang berisiko tinggi sehingga pada akhirnya upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui insidens dan prediktor mortalitas 3 bulan pada pasien hemodialisis baru dan membuat suatu model prediksi.

Metode: Penelitian dengan disain kohort retrospektif terhadap 246 pasien PGTA yang baru menjalani HD di Unit HD RSCM antara Januari 2011-Januari 2012. Dilakukan analisis chi-square untuk mendapatkan nilai OR (Odds Ratio) …

Towards A New Global Strategy For Women’S, Children’S And Adolescents’ Health, Marleen Temmerman, Rajat Khosla, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Flavia Bustreo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

The year 2015 marks a defining moment for the health of women, children, and adolescents. It is the end point of the United Nations’ millennium development goals, and their transition to the sustainable development goals, and also the 20th anniversary of the International Conference on Population and Development’s plan of action and the Beijing Declaration and platform of action.

This is a moment of reflection as well as celebration. Although great strides have been made in reducing maternal and child mortality, showing that change is possible, many countries are lagging behind in reaching millennium development goal 4 (to reduce the …

Mir-29/Hsp47 In Ecm Network, Ren Xu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Apigenin Blocks Ikkα Activation And Suppresses Prostate Cancer Progression, Sanjeev Shukla, Rajnee Kanwal, Eswar Shankar, Manish Datt, Mark R. Chance, Pingfu Fu, Gregory T. Maclennan, Sanjay Gupta

Faculty Scholarship

IKKα has been implicated as a key regulator of oncogenesis and driver of the metastatic process; therefore is regarded as a promising therapeutic target in anticancer drug development. In spite of the progress made in the development of IKK inhibitors, no potent IKKa inhibitor(s) have been identified. Our multistep approach of molecular modeling and direct binding has led to the identification of plant flavone apigenin as a specific IKKa inhibitor. Here we report apigenin, in micro molar range, inhibits IKKa kinase activity, demonstrates anti-proliferative and anti-invasive activities in functional cell based assays and exhibits anticancer efficacy in experimental tumor model. …

Relationships Between Cancer Pattern, Country Income And Geographical Region In Asia., Chirk Jenn Ng, Chin Hai Teo, Nurdiana Abdullah, Wei Phin Tan, Hui Meng Tan

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cancer incidence and mortality varies across region, sex and country's economic status. While most studies focused on global trends, this study aimed to describe and analyse cancer incidence and mortality in Asia, focusing on cancer site, sex, region and income status.

METHODS: Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates of cancer were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2012 database. Cancer mortality to incidence ratios (MIRs) were calculated to represent cancer survival. The data were analysed based on the four regions in Asia and income.

RESULTS: Cancer incidence rate is lower in Asia compared to the West but for MIR, it is the …

Student Educational Background, Perceptions And Expectations Towards Optometry: An Emerging Eye Health Profession Mozambique., James Loughman, Ving Fai Chan, Vanessa Raquel Moodley, Luigi Bilotto, Kovin Naidoo

Articles

Background: The University of Lurio, School of Optometry in Mozambique is a new program in Africa. The school, the first to serve Portuguese-speaking Africa, can act as a template for such initiatives in other African countries and other limited-resource settings around the world. A major challenge facing such programs is the lack of knowledge about the profession, which impacts the recruitment of students and their expectations of the program. This study was conducted to understand students’ pre-enrollment educational background, perceptions and career expectations as an optometrist in Mozambique so as to inform future enrollment and other similar initiatives. Methods: First-year …

Eating Disorder Risk, Exercise Dependence, And Body Weight Dissatisfaction Among Female Nutrition And Exercise Science University Majors, Natalie Harris, David Gee, Debra D'Acquisto, Dana Ogan, Kelly Pritchett

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Background and Aims: Past research has examined eating disorder risk among college students majoring in Nutrition and has suggested an increased risk, while other studies contradict these results. Exercise Science majors, however, have yet to be fully examined regarding their risk for eating disorders and exercise dependence. Based on pressures to fit the image associated with careers related to these two disciplines, research is warranted to examine the potential risk for both eating disorder and exercise dependence. The purpose of this study is to compare eating disorder risk, exercise dependence, and body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) between Nutrition and Exercise Science …

Oncolog, Volume 60, Number 09, September 2015, Sarah Bronson, Bryan Tutt, K. Nair

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Enhanced Surgical Recovery Programs Improve Perioperative Outcomes for Cancer Patients: For patients undergoing cancer surgery, potential complications and long recovery times can delay the delivery of additional life-saving therapy. To improve patients' perioperative outcomes and clear the way for timely administration of additional therapies, several surgical teams at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center gave begun using enhanced surgical recovery programs (ESRPs).
• New Treatments for Respiratory Viruses in Immunocompromised Patients: Viral respiratory infections are a major concern for immunocompromised patients, in whom such infections are difficult to treat and can lead to pneumonia and even death. Although few …

Energy Drinks Consumption Practices Among Medical Students Of A Private Sector University Of Karachi, Pakistan, Asma Usman, Swaleha Tariq Bhombal, Ambreen Jawaid, Samar Zaki

Department of Family Medicine

Consumption of energy drinks has become popular among students and athletes over the past few years. To explore the phenomenon, a cross-sectional survey was conducted through a self-administered pilot-tested questionnaire. Frequency of energy drinks consumption was found to be 121(52%) in a sample of 233 medical students. Red bull was the most common brand consumed 101(43%). The major reasons reported for its usage were to gain/replenish energy by 36(15.4%), and studying for examination by 34(14.6%). Television was reported as the major source of information 153(66%) followed by friends 113(48%). There was a high frequency of energy drinks' consumption among medical …

Pathogen-Specific Burdens Of Community Diarrhoea In Developing Countries: A Multisite Birth Cohort Study (Mal-Ed), Sadia Shakoor, Shahida Qureshi, Furqan Kabir, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Imran Ahmed, Didar Alam, Syed Asad Ali, Muneera Rasheed, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Ali Turab, Aisha Khizar Yousafzai

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Most studies of the causes of diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries have looked at severe disease in people presenting for care, and there are few estimates of pathogen-specific diarrhoea burdens in the community.
Methods: We undertook a birth cohort study with not only intensive community surveillance for diarrhoea but also routine collection of non-diarrhoeal stools from eight sites in South America, Africa, and Asia. We enrolled children within 17 days of birth, and diarrhoeal episodes (defined as maternal report of three or more loose stools in 24 h, or one loose stool with visible blood) were identified through …

Program Evaluation And Guideline Development For Psychological Treatment Of The Adolescent And Young Adult Population With Cancer, Kayla R. Kraich

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer population suffers from many unique medical and mental health challenges. Both medical, psychological and support services play an important role in the lack of improvement in survival rates of this population. The purpose of this project was to identify the unique mental health challenges and treatment needs of the Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Oncology population and to evaluate current oncology programs available to this population at Loma Linda University. The project provides guideline recommendations for implementing a comprehensive and developmentally appropriate AYA oncology program at Loma Linda University.

Modifiable Risk Factors In Patients With Cerebrovascular Accident, Sher Ali Khan, Mir Jalal-Ud-Din, Raheel Ahangir Jadoon, Shawana Asad, Rashid Ali, Muhammad Saqib Saeed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

To determine the frequency of modifiable risk factors of stroke. Study Design: Descriptive Case series. Place and duration of study: Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from March to December 2012. Methodology: 106 cases of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) above 20 years of age and of either sex admitted in medical units of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad were included in this study. The patients below 20 years of age, those with recurrent history of CVA, patients not fulfilling the required criteria of risk factors set in operational definitions and patients having intracranial space occupying lesion such as tumors or brain abscess or neurological …

Child Eye Health In Nampula, Mozambique And Ireland, Aoife Phelan

Masters

To examine child eye health, in particular, visual impairment (VI), uncorrected refractive error (URE) and strabismus in two targeted cohorts of children in Mozambique and Ireland.

Doctor! Will I Be Dry? Factors Determining Recurrence After Vesicovaginal Fistula Repair, Atif Ajaved

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate various prognostic factors which determine outcome after surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistula.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Koohi Goth Fistula Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data related to patients having undergone vesicovaginal fistula repair from January 2007 to June 2012. Multivariate analysis of the record was done using SPSS 19 software determining odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.

RESULTS:

Record of 640 patients were analysed with an overall success in 558(87.2%) cases. Multivariate analysis determined that the recurrence of vesicovaginal fistula was significantly related to multiplicity (9-fold recurrence risk), pre-operative size (10-fold recurrence risk for …

The Evidence-Based Topical Therapies For Management Of Minor Burns In Outpatient Clinic, Siphora Dien, Eliza Miranda, Erdina Hardiono D Pusponegoro, Aditya Wardhana

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Burns are often seen in clinics or hospitals. Majority of burns are minor burns, which can be managed in outpatient setting with satisfactory result. The healing outcome depends on physician’s knowledge and competencies in burn pathogenesis and basic principles of burn care. Initial treatment of burns consists of emergency evaluation, assessment of depth and severity of burns and considerations for referral. The principles of minor wound therapy include cooling, cleansing, pain management, and topical therapy. Recently, many topical agents are available and indicated for first to second degree burn. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD) is the standard treatment; however, it has some …

Early Mortality And Functional Outcome After Acute Stroke In Uganda: Prospective Study With 30 Day Follow-Up, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Identification of early outcomes post stroke and their predictors is important in stroke management strategies. We prospectively analysed 30-day outcomes (mortality and functional ability) after stroke and their predictors among patients admitted within 7 days post event to a national referral hospital in Uganda. This was a prospective study of acute stroke patients consecutively enrolled between February and July 2014. Social demographics, clinical, laboratory, imaging characteristics, outcomes (all through 30 days), time of death were assessed using standardised questionnaires. Multiple regression was used to analyse the independent influence of factors on outcomes. Of 127 patients, 88 (69.3 %) had ischemic …

Diagnostic Utility Of Who Defined Sepsis Syndromic Criteria With Procalcitonin In Identification Of Sepsis In Children With Suspected Infections, Samuel Owuor Akech

Master of Medicine in Paediatrics and Child Health

Title: Diagnostic Utility of WHO Defined Sepsis syndromic Criteria with Procalcitonin in Identification of Sepsis in Children with Suspected Infections Background: Bacterial infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children but accurate and timely diagnosis remains a challenge to the frontline clinicians. Cultures of sterile bodily specimens are considered the gold standard but are insensitive and results are delayed. Procalcitonin (PCT) has recently emerged as a biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity making it superior to culture based techniques performed in non-ideal circumstances which prevail in resource poor settings. This study investigated the diagnostic utility World Health …

Meta-Analysis Of Dna Methylation And Expression In Liver Cancer Patients, Daniele Todorov, Barbara Stefanska, Katarzyna Lubecka-Pietruszewska

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common liver cancer, is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. HCC is often diagnosed at late stages, for which there are no effective chemotherapies. Biomarkers unique to HCC patients could be used to detect HCC early and improve treatment. In the present project, we have performed a meta-analysis to compare the gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression patterns of HCC patients as reported by four independent studies. Our goal was to discover the strongest changes that distinguish HCC from normal tissue. The relationship between methylation and expression in HCC was examined and genes …

New And Contemporary Markers Of Prognosis In Nonmuscle Invasive Urothelial Cancer, Hammad Ather, Syed M Nazim

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Nonmuscle invasive (NMI) urothelial cancer (UC) is associated with varied biological potential. It is characterized by frequent recurrence and progression, which thus worsens the oncological outcome. Nearly three-quarters of NMI UCs recur within 5 years, whereas half can progress during follow-up. Progression is particularly seen in T1 and carcinoma in situ (CIS). Undoubtedly, NMI UC is one of the most expensive cancers to manage. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk calculator is a commonly used tool for assessing the recurrence and progression potential of a newly diagnosed cancer. The parameters used in the assessment …

Association Of Obesity With Infertility Among Pakistani Men: A Case Control Study, Nida Zahid, Sarah Saleem, Syed Iqbal Azam, Tariq Moatter

Community Health Sciences

Background: The reported prevalence of infertility in Pakistan is 21% of which 35% is contributed by male factor. Male infertility has multifactorial etiologies ranging from modifiable to genetic risk factors. Among all the risk factors that may account for male infertility, obesity is one of the emerging public health problems. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the association of obesity with infertility in Pakistani men.
Methods: We conducted a case control study. Cases were men with impaired semen parameters and controls did not have impaired semen parameters.
Results: The final multivariable logistic regression model after adjusting for …

A Qualitative Exploration Of The Emotional Wellbeing And Support Needs Of New Mothers From Afghanistan Living In Melbourne, Australia, Alana Russo, Belinda Lewis, Andrew Joyce, Belinda Crockett, Stanley Luchters

Population Health, East Africa

Background: The Afghan community is a priority population for many health and social services within the southeast region of Melbourne, which is home to the largest population of Afghanistan-born people within the state of Victoria. The majority of Afghan women arriving in Australia are of childbearing age, and evidence suggests that they are at increased risk of emotional challenges following birth as a result of the refugee and migration experience. This research aimed to explored the experiences of Afghan women living in Melbourne throughout pregnancy, birth, and early motherhood, and gain insight into the aspects of their experiences that they …

Sweat Gland Density And Response During High-Intensity Exercise In Athletes With Spinal Cord Injuries, Robert C. Pritchett, A. M. Al-Nawaiseh, K. K. Pritchett, V. Nethery, P. A. Bishop, J. M. Green

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Sweat production is crucial for thermoregulation. However, sweating can be problematic for individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI), as they display a blunting of sudomotor and vasomotor responses below the level of the injury. Sweat gland density and eccrine gland metabolism in SCI are not well understood. Consequently, this study examined sweat lactate (S-LA) (reflective of sweat gland metabolism), active sweat gland density (SGD), and sweat output per gland (S/G) in 7 SCI athletes and 8 able-bodied (AB) controls matched for arm ergometry VO₂peak. A sweat collection device was positioned on the upper scapular and medial calf of …

2014- 2015 Clinical Guidelines And Recommendations, Beth Careyva Md

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Reversal Of Aging-Related Neuronal Ca2+ Dysregulation And Cognitive Impairment By Delivery Of A Transgene Encoding Fk506-Binding Protein 12.6/1b To The Hippocampus, John C. Gant, Kuey-Chu Chen, Inga Kadish, Eric M. Blalock, Olivier Thibault, Nada M. Porter, Philip W. Landfield

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Brain Ca(2+) regulatory processes are altered during aging, disrupting neuronal, and cognitive functions. In hippocampal pyramidal neurons, the Ca(2+)-dependent slow afterhyperpolarization (sAHP) exhibits an increase with aging, which correlates with memory impairment. The increased sAHP results from elevated L-type Ca(2+) channel activity and ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated Ca(2+) release, but underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Previously, we found that expression of the gene encoding FK506-binding protein 12.6/1b (FKBP1b), a small immunophilin that stabilizes RyR-mediated Ca(2+) release in cardiomyocytes, declines in hippocampus of aged rats and Alzheimer's disease subjects. Additionally, knockdown/disruption of hippocampal FKBP1b in young rats augments neuronal Ca(2+) responses. …

Gallic Acid, A Phenolic Compound, Exerts Anti-Angiogenic Effects Via The Pten/Akt/Hif-1Α/Vegf Signaling Pathway In Ovarian Cancer Cells, Zhiping He, Allen Y. Chen, Yon Rojanasakul, Gary O. Rankin, Yi Charlie Chen

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Gallic acid (GA), a polyphenol, is widely found in numerous fruits and vegetables, particularly in hickory nuts. In the present study, we found that gallic acid, a natural phenolic compound isolated from fruits and vegetables, had a more potent growth inhibitory effect on two ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR-3 and A2780/CP70, than the effect on a normal ovarian cell line, IOSE-364. These results demonstrated that GA selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells. Gene expression was examined by ELISA and western blot analysis, and gene pathways were examined by luciferase assay. It was found that GA inhibited VEGF secretion and …

Caffeine Consumption Contributes To Skin Intrinsic Fluorescence In Type 1 Diabetes., Karen M Eny, Trevor J Orchard, Rachel Grace Miller, John Maynard, Denis M Grant, Tina Costacou, Patricia A. Cleary, Barbara H Braffett, Andrew D Paterson, Dcct/Edic Research Group

GW Biostatistics Center

Background: A variant (rs1495741) in the gene for the N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) protein is associated with skin intrinsic fluorescence (SIF), a noninvasive measure of advanced glycation end products and other fluorophores in the skin. Because NAT2 is involved in caffeine metabolism, we aimed to determine whether caffeine consumption is associated with SIF and whether rs1495741 is associated with SIF independently of caffeine.

Materials and Methods: SIF was measured in 1,181 participants with type 1 diabetes from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study. Two measures of SIF were used: SIF1, using a 375-nm excitation light-emitting diode (LED), and …

Performance-Based Tools For Assessing Functional Performance In Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Patricia Da Cunha Belchior, Melanie Holmes, Nathalie Bier, Carolina Bottari, Barbara Mazer, Alexandra Robert, Navaldeep Kaur

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: It is now recognized that individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) face subtle functional declines that can compromise performance in everyday tasks. However, it is still not clear how to capture these declines in the clinical setting. Thus, the goal of this study was to conduct a scoping review to identify performance-based tools for which the psychometric properties have been evaluated with the MCI population.

Methods: A scoping review of the scientific literature was performed with the guidance of a health science librarian in searching the MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases from their inception until May 2014.

Results: …