Digital Commons Network^™

Differences In Nutritional Profile Of 12-Hour Registered Nurses Who Do And Do Not Take At Least 60 Minutes Of Scheduled Breaks, Rachel Faulkner, Teresa Bigand, Marian Wilson, Lois James, Ross Bindler, Charis Williams

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Podium Presentation: Millennial Hospital Nurses Experiencing High Burnout And Turnover Risk During A Pandemic, Dana N Rutledge, Elizabeth Winokur, Sarah Douville

2022 Providence Nurse Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Outcomes Of Faecal Microbiota Transplantation For Recurrent Clostridioides Difficile Infection In Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Maribeth R Nicholson, Erin Alexander, Sonia Ballal, Zev Davidovics, Michael Docktor, Michael Dole, Jonathan M Gisser, Alka Goyal, Suchitra K Hourigan, M Kyle Jensen, Jess L Kaplan, Richard Kellermayer, Judith R Kelsen, Melissa A Kennedy, Sahil Khanna, Elizabeth D Knackstedt, Jennifer Lentine, Jeffery D Lewis, Sonia Michail, Paul D Mitchell, Maria Oliva-Hemker, Tiffany Patton, Karen Queliza, Sarah Sidhu, Aliza B Solomon, David L Suskind, Madison Weatherly, Steven Werlin, Edwin F De Zoeten, Stacy A Kahn, North American Society Of Pediatric Gastroenterology And Nutrition Faecal Microbiota Transplantation Special Interest Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Children with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] are disproportionally affected by recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection [rCDI]. Although faecal microbiota transplantation [FMT] has been used with good efficacy in adults with IBD, little is known about outcomes associated with FMT in paediatric IBD.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of FMT at 20 paediatric centres in the USA from March 2012 to March 2020. Children with and without IBD were compared with determined differences in the efficacy of FMT for rCDI. In addition, children with IBD with and without a successful outcome were compared with determined predictors of success. Safety data …

Rowan Community Health Center’S Ask First Model: Building Authentic & Impactful Community Relationships By Asking A Simple Question, Patrick J. Tempera, Christian Diliberto, Ruchi Shah, Daniel Hurst

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Spring of 2017, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine’s student-run free clinic, the Rowan Community Health Center, launched an outreach initiative named the Unity Project. This is an ongoing initiative aimed at fostering relationships with Camden, New Jersey organizations to both educate community members about our clinic services and collaborate on improving Camden’s health. The objective of the Unity Project is to work towards affecting long-term change by forming authentic and impactful relationships with organizations that are already participating in meaningful community work. In order to achieve such a goal, we needed to overcome the traditional model of medical school …

Phosphatidylserine And Phosphatidylethanolamine Asymmetry Have A Negligible Effect On The Global Structure, Dynamics, And Interactions Of The Kras Lipid Anchor, Mussie K Araya, Alemayehu A Gorfe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The intrinsically disordered C-terminus of the prominent oncogenic protein KRAS-4B (KRAS) selectively interacts and clusters with phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids in the plasma membrane (PM). This 11-residue segment, called tK, contains a polybasic domain (PBD) of six contiguous lysine residues and a farnesylated cysteine. Previous molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of tK in phosphatidylcholine (PC)/PS bilayers have suggested that backbone conformational dynamics modulate tK-PS interactions. These simulations have been conducted in symmetric membranes whereas the PM is compositionally asymmetric, with the inner leaflet, where KRAS is localized, being enriched with PS and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) lipids. To examine if bilayer asymmetry affects …

Post-Discharge And Long-Term Follow-Up After An Acute Coronary Syndrome: International Collaborative Group Of Cncf Position Paper, Pierre Sabouret, Gilles Lemesle, Anne Bellemain-Appaix, Pierre Aubry, Pier-Paolo Bocchino, Erik Rafflenbeul, Loïc Belle, Jim Nolan, Marco Bernardi, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Michael P. Savage, Maciej Banach, Guillaume Cayla

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Introduction: Long-term follow-up after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) presents a crucial challenge due to the high residual cardiovascular risk and the potential for major bleeding events. Although several treatment strategies are available, this article focuses on patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ACS, which is a frequent clinical situation. This position paper aims to support physicians in daily practice to improve the management of ACS patients.

Material and methods: A group of recognized international and French experts in the field provides an overview of current evidence-based recommendations - supplemented by expert opinion where such evidence is …

Serum Cea Level In Predicting Liver Metastases Of Colorectal Cancer Among Young Adult Patients, Ely S.P Sihotang, Agi S. Putranto

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction: Incidence and mortality of CRC are currently increasing in those under 50 years. The study aims to determine the predictive value of serum CEA levels as the liver metastases predictor of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data (patient medical records) from 2015–to 2021. Patients aged <50 years who were diagnosed histopathologically with primary colorectal cancer at dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH) were recruited. We excluded patients with a history of other malignancies, who had undergone operative management for colorectal cancer, and preexisting liver disease. The outcome of this study is the cut-off of the CEA value obtained by the ROC curve and the sensitivity and specificity of the CEA value in predicting CR liver metastases.

Results: Out of 181 subjects enrolled, a total of 43.6% were female. Fifty-nine subjects (32.6%) had liver metastases. The CEA level of the metastases group was 208.1 (2.1–12503.2) ng/mL; this was much higher than the non-metastases group, which was 6.27 (0.8– 1099.4) …

Effect Of Musculature On Mortality, A Retrospective Cohort Study, Amy L Shaver, Mary E Platek, Anurag K Singh, Sung Jun Ma, Mark Farrugia, Gregory Wilding, Andrew D Ray, Heather M Ochs-Balcom, Katia Noyes

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: While often life-saving, treatment for head and neck cancer (HNC) can be debilitating resulting in unplanned hospitalization. Hospitalizations in cancer patients may disrupt treatment and result in poor outcomes. Pre-treatment muscle quality and quantity ascertained through diagnostic imaging may help identify patients at high risk of poor outcomes early. The primary objective of this study was to determine if pre-treatment musculature was associated with all-cause mortality.

Methods: Patient demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted from the cancer center electronic database (n = 403). Musculature was ascertained from pre-treatment CT scans. Propensity score matching was utilized to adjust for confounding …

Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 In Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Is A Driver Of Aggressiveness In Aerodigestive Tract Cancers, Marina Domingo-Vidal, Diana Whitaker Menezes, Mehri Mollaee, Zhao Lin, Madalina Tuluc, Nancy J. Philp, Jennifer Johnson, Tingting Zhan, Joseph Curry, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

The most common cancers of the aerodigestive tract (ADT) are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The tumor stroma plays an important role in ADT cancer development and progression, and contributes to the metabolic heterogeneity of tumors. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant cell type in the tumor stroma of ADT cancers and exert pro-tumorigenic functions. Metabolically, glycolytic CAFs support the energy needs of oxidative (OXPHOS) carcinoma cells. Upregulation of the monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) and downregulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 3α (IDH3α) are markers of glycolysis in CAFs, and upregulation of the …

Gluten-Free Diet In Childhood Difficult-To-Treat Nephrotic Syndrome: A Pilot Feasibility Study., Tarak Srivastava, Katherine M. Dell, Kevin V. Lemley, Debbie S. Gipson, Frederick J. Kaskel, Kevin Edward Meyers, Christian Faul, Ayelet Goldhaber, Laurajane Pehrson, Howard Trachtman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Minimal change disease in childhood can follow a frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent course in up to 40% of cases. Second-line immunosuppressive medications that are used to manage these patients are associated with significant adverse effects. There is a need for safer alternative treatments for difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome. Therefore, we conducted an open-label feasibility study to assess the safety and efficacy of a gluten-free diet as treatment for pediatric patients with difficult-to-treat nephrotic syndrome. As a second aim, we sought to determine if the plasma zonulin concentration can identify those who are more likely to respond to this intervention.

METHODS: …

Smartphone Apps For Diabetes Medication Adherence: Systematic Review, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Vinaytosh Mishra, Muhammad U Siddiqui, Jeban Chandir Moses, Sasan Adibi, Lemai Nguyen, Nilmini Wickramasinghe

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading noncommunicable chronic diseases globally. In people with diabetes, blood glucose levels need to be monitored regularly and managed adequately through healthy lifestyles and medications. However, various factors contribute to poor medication adherence. Smartphone apps can improve medication adherence in people with diabetes, but it is not clear which app features are most beneficial.

Objective: This study aims to systematically review and evaluate high-quality apps for diabetes medication adherence, which are freely available to the public in Android and Apple app stores and present the technical features of the apps.

Methods: We systematically searched …

Integrated Screens Uncover A Cell Surface Tumor Suppressor Gene Kirrel Involved In Hippo Pathway, Chao Wang, Xu Feng, Dan Su, Zhen Chen, Shimin Wang, Mengfan Tang, Min Huang, Litong Nie, Huimin Zhang, Siting Li, Ling Yin, Randy L Johnson, Traver Hart, Junjie Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cell surface proteins play essential roles in various biological processes and are highly related to cancer development. They also serve as important markers for cell identity and targets for pharmacological intervention. Despite their great potentials in biomedical research, comprehensive functional analysis of cell surface proteins remains scarce. Here, with a de novo designed library targeting cell surface proteins, we performed in vivo CRISPR screens to evaluate the effects of cell surface proteins on tumor survival and proliferation. We found that

A Telehealth-Delivered Tai Chi Intervention (Taichi4joint) For Managing Aromatase Inhibitor-Induced Arthralgia In Patients With Breast Cancer During Covid-19: Longitudinal Pilot Study, Sameh Gomaa, Carly West, Ana Maria Lopez, Tingting Zhan, Max Schnoll, Maysa Abu-Khalaf, Andrew B. Newberg, Kuang-Yi Wen

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer is the most common type of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are the endocrine therapy of choice recommended for these patients. Up to 50% of those treated with an AI develop arthralgia, often resulting in poor adherence and decreased quality of life.

Objective: The study is a single-arm longitudinal pilot study aiming to evaluate the safety, feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of TaiChi4Joint, a remotely delivered 12-week tai chi intervention designed to relieve AI-induced joint pain.

Methods: Women diagnosed with stage 0-III breast cancer who received an AI for at least 2 …

Psychosocial Considerations For The Child With Rare Disease: A Review With Recommendations And Calls To Action., Leslee Belzer, Margaret Wright, Emily J. Goodwin, Mehar N. Singh, Brian S. Carter

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Rare diseases (RD) affect children, adolescents, and their families infrequently, but with a significant impact. The diagnostic odyssey undertaken as part of having a child with RD is immense and carries with it practical, emotional, relational, and contextual issues that are not well understood. Children with RD often have chronic and complex medical conditions requiring a complicated milieu of care by numerous clinical caregivers. They may feel isolated and may feel stigmas in settings of education, employment, and the workplace, or a lack a social support or understanding. Some parents report facing similar loneliness amidst a veritable medicalization of their …

Effect Of Post-Activation Potentiation On The Force, Power And Rate Of Power And Force Development Of The Upper Limbs In Mixed Martial Arts (Mma) Fighters, Taking Into Account Training Experience, Alan Langer, Angelina Ignatieva, Patricia Fischerova, Magdalena Nitychoruk, Artur Gołaś, Adam Maszczyk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal load for generating the highest value of force, power and the rate of power and force development (RFD and RPD) in the upper limb of mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters with the use of activation and explosive exercises. The training period of MMA players was included in the research. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine MMA fighters participated in the study and were divided into two groups depending on the length of their training period (under and over 5 years). The subjects did 2 ballistic push-ups before the study and after-wards …

The Effect Of Caffeine On Countermovement Jump Performance In Recreationally Trained Women Habituated To Caffeine, Dawid Gawel, Magdalena Kaszuba, Zuzanna Komarek, Robert Krawczyk, Marta Bichowska, Marcin Jasinski, Robert Trybulski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Introduction. The main goal of this study was to examine the effect of acute intake of 3 mg/kg/body mass (b.m.) of caffeine (CAF) on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in recreationally trained women habituated to CAF. Material and Methods. 17 healthy recreationally trained women habitually using CAF participated in the study. The experiment followed randomized, cross-over, double-blind design under three different conditions: control test (CONT) or consumed placebo (PLAC) or consumed 3 mg/kg/b.m. of CAF (CAF-3). Each participant performed 2 sets of 2 CMJ. The following variables were recorded: concentric peak velocity (PV), peak power (PP) and jump height (JH). Results. …

Association Of Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain With Glycaemic Control And Insulin Resistance In Middle-Aged Adults, Rohith N. Thota, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Steve Pedrini, Eugene Hone, Jessica J. A. Ferguson, Manohar L. Garg, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims: This study aimed to determine the association of plasma neurofilament light (NfL), a marker of neurodegeneration, with diabetes status and glycaemic parameters in people with normal glycaemia (NG), pre-diabetes (PD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Clinical and descriptive data for the diagnostic groups, NG (n=30), PD (n=48) and T2D (n=29), aged between 40 and 75 years were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Plasma NfL levels were analyzed using the ultra-sensitive single-molecule array (Simoa) platform. Results: A positive correlation was evident between plasma NfL and fasting glucose (r = 0.2824; p = 0.0032). Plasma NfL levels were not correlated …

Promoting Cancer Health Equity: A Qualitative Study Of Mentee And Mentor Perspectives Of A Training Program For Underrepresented Scholars In Cancer Health Disparities, Anastasia Rogova, Isabel Martinez Leal, Maggie Britton, Shine Chang, Kamisha H Escoto, Kayce D Solari Williams, Crystal Roberson, Lorna H Mcneill, Lorraine R Reitzel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Racial and ethnic minorities, and women, experience stark disparities in cancer risk behaviors and mortality rates, yet often remain underrepresented in scientific research positions. We conducted an exploratory, qualitative study to examine the value of mentored research experience as part of an NCI-funded research training program designed to increase the representation of minority and women scientists in cancer disparities research. Using individual interviews, we explored 16 mentees' and 7 mentors' program experiences and perspectives to identify the most effective strategies to build strong mentoring relationships that could ultimately contribute to increased representation in health disparities research. Two expert analysts employed …

B- And T-Cell Subset Abnormalities In Monogenic Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Saba Fekrvand, Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi, Hassan Abolhassani, Reza Yazdani

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous group of inborn errors of immunity characterized by reduced serum concentrations of different immunoglobulin isotypes. CVID is the most prevalent symptomatic antibody deficiency with a broad range of infectious and non-infectious clinical manifestations. Various genetic and immunological defects are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of CVID. Monogenic defects account for the pathogenesis of about 20-50% of CVID patients, while a variety of cases do not have a defined genetic background. Deficiencies in molecules of B cell receptor signaling or other pathways involving B-cell development, activation, and proliferation could be associated with …

Nox4 Expression In Osteo-Progenitors Controls Bone Development In Mice During Early Life, Jin Ran Chen, Oxana P. Lazarenko, Michael L. Blackburn, Jennifer F. Chen, Christopher E. Randolph, Jovanny Zabaleta, Katrin Schroder, Kim B. Pedersen, Martin J.J. Ronis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Tightly regulated and cell-specific NADPH-oxidases (Nox) represent one of the major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling molecules that are involved in tissue development and stem cell self-renewal. We have characterized the role of Nox4 in osteo-progenitors during postnatal bone development. Nox4 expression in bone and ROS generation were increased during early osteoblast differentiation and bone development. Stromal osteoblastic cell self-renewal, proliferation and ROS production were significantly lower in samples from whole-body Nox4 knockout mice (Nox4-/-) and conditional knockout (CKO) mice with depletion of Nox4 in the limb bud mesenchyme compared with those from control mice (Nox4fl/fl), but they …

Estimating Circadian Phase In Elementary School Children: Leveraging Advances In Physiologically Informed Models Of Circadian Entrainment And Wearable Devices, Jennette P Moreno, Kevin M Hannay, Olivia Walch, Hafza Dadabhoy, Jessica Christian, Maurice Puyau, Abeer El-Mubasher, Fida Bacha, Sarah R Grant, Rebekah Julie Park, Philip Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Examine the ability of a physiologically based mathematical model of human circadian rhythms to predict circadian phase, as measured by salivary dim light melatonin onset (DLMO), in children compared to other proxy measurements of circadian phase (bedtime, sleep midpoint, and wake time).

METHODS: As part of an ongoing clinical trial, a sample of 29 elementary school children (mean age: 7.4 ± .97 years) completed 7 days of wrist actigraphy before a lab visit to assess DLMO. Hourly salivary melatonin samples were collected under dim light conditions (<5 >lx). Data from actigraphy were used to generate predictions of circadian …

Gibbon Surgical Review, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2022

Gibbon Surgical Review

In this Issue:

6 - A History of ECMO and its Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

8 - The First Pig-to-Human Heart Xenotransplantation

9 - Residency Interviewing in the Zoom Era

10 - An Interview with Dr. Andrew Newman

12 - Lung Transplantation for Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pulmonary Disease

14 - Risk Factors for Five-year Mortality after Carotid Endarterectomy

18 - An Interview with Dr. Scott Cowan

18 - General Surgery 101: The J-Pouch

20 - The Business of Surgery: Recognizing Barriers to Gender Equity

Maternal And Fetal Bile Acid Homeostasis Regulated By Sulfated Progesterone Metabolites Through Fxr Signaling Pathway In A Pregnant Sow Model, Peng Wang, Peiqiang Yuan, Sen Lin, Heju Zhong, Xiaoling Zhang, Yong Zhuo, Jian Li, Lianqiang Che, Bin Feng, Yan Lin, Shengyu Xu, De Wu, Douglas G Burrin, Zhengfeng Fang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Abnormally elevated circulating bile acids (BA) during pregnancy endanger fetal survival and offspring health; however, the pathology and underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. A total of nineteen pregnant sows were randomly assigned to day 60 of gestation, day 90 of gestation (G60, G90), and the farrowing day (L0), to investigate the intercorrelation of reproductive hormone, including estradiol, progesterone and sulfated progesterone metabolites (PMSs), and BA in the peripheral blood of mother and fetuses during pregnancy. All data were analyzed by Student’s t-test or one-way ANOVA of GraphPad Prism and further compared by using the Student–Newman–Keuls test. Correlation analysis was …

Pharmacometabolomics Profiling Of Preterm Infants Validates Patterns Of Metabolism Associated With Response To Dexamethasone Treatment For Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia., Bradley Stockard, Cheri Gauldin, William E. Truog, Tamorah Lewis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the most common health complications of premature birth. Corticosteroids are commonly used for treatment of BPD, but their use is challenging due to variability in treatment response. Previous pharmacometabolomics study has established patterns of metabolite levels with response to dexamethasone. We obtained additional patient samples for metabolomics analysis to find associations between the metabolome and dexamethasone response in a validation cohort. A total of 14 infants provided 15 plasma and 12 urine samples. The measure of treatment response was the calculated change in respiratory severity score (deltaRSS) from pre-to-post treatment. Each metabolite was assessed …

Tomatoes, Lycopene, And Prostate Cancer: What Have We Learned From Experimental Models?, Nancy E Moran, Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner, Lei Wan, Krystle E Zuniga, John W Erdman, Steven K Clinton

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Human epidemiology suggests a protective effect of tomatoes or tomato phytochemicals, such as lycopene, on prostate cancer risk. However, human epidemiology alone cannot reveal causal relations. Laboratory animal models of prostate cancer provide opportunities to investigate hypotheses regarding dietary components in precisely controlled, experimental systems, contributing to our understanding of diet and cancer risk relations. We review the published studies evaluating the impact of tomatoes and/or lycopene in preclinical models of prostate carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. The feeding of tomatoes or tomato components demonstrates anti-prostate cancer activity in both transplantable xenograft models of tumorigenesis and models of chemically- and genetically-driven carcinogenesis. …

Context Matters: Preliminary Evidence That The Association Between Positive Affect And Adiposity In Infancy Varies In Social Vs Non-Social Situations, Alexis C Wood, Shabnam R Momin, Mackenzie K Senn, David J Bridgett

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Previous studies have suggested that infants high in negative affect have higher levels of adiposity, arising in part via changes in nutrition (e.g., “feeding to soothe”). Few studies have examined whether positive affect shows similar or inverse associations with adiposity. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between adiposity and observations of positive affect in both a social and a non-social context, using data from infants at four (n = 125) and 12 (n = 80) months of age. Our analyses did not find any cross-sectional associations between positive affect and adiposity (all p > 0.05). However, in the longitudinal …

Potential Impact Of 2017 American College Of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline On Contemporary Practice: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Ncdr Pinnacle Registry, Aliza Hussain, Salim S. Virani, Luke Zheng, Ty J. Gluckman, William B. Borden, Frederick A. Masoudi, Thomas M. Maddox

Office of the Provost

Background Clinical implications of change in the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on the diagnosis and management of hypertension, compared with recommendations by 2014 expert panel and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), are not known. Methods and Results Using data from the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry (January 2013-Decemver 2016), we compared the proportion and clinical characteristics of patients seen in cardiology practices diagnosed with hypertension, recommended antihypertensive treatment, and achieving blood pressure (BP) goals …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 122), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Temporal Changes In Gastrointestinal Fungi And The Risk Of Autoimmunity During Early Childhood: The Teddy Study, Thomas A Auchtung, Christopher J Stewart, Daniel P Smith, Eric W Triplett, Daniel Agardh, William A Hagopian, Anette G Ziegler, Marian J Rewers, Jin-Xiong She, Jorma Toppari, Åke Lernmark, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P Krischer, Kendra Vehik, Jennifer M Auchtung, Nadim J Ajami, Joseph F Petrosino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Fungal infections are a major health problem that often begin in the gastrointestinal tract. Gut microbe interactions in early childhood are critical for proper immune responses, yet there is little known about the development of the fungal population from infancy into childhood. Here, as part of the TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young) study, we examine stool samples of 888 children from 3 to 48 months and find considerable differences between fungi and bacteria. The metagenomic relative abundance of fungi was extremely low but increased while weaning from milk and formula. Overall fungal diversity remained constant over …

French-Fried Potato Consumption And Energy Balance: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel L Smith, Rebecca L Hanson, Stephanie L Dickinson, Xiwei Chen, Amy M Goss, John B Cleek, W Timothy Garvey, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Epidemiologic observations suggest increased potato consumption correlates with weight gain, adiposity, and diabetes risk, whereas nut consumption is associated with weight control and metabolic health. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data indicate humans respond to changes in energy intake in single dietary components and compensate for extra energy consumed.

Objectives: We completed an RCT testing whether increased daily potato consumption influences energy balance [specifically, fat mass (FM)] compared with calorie-matched almond consumption.

Methods: A 30-d RCT of 180 adults prescribed calorie-matched (300 kcal/d, n = 60 participants/group) than consumed 1 of the following: 1) almonds (almond group), 2) French fries …