Digital Commons Network^™

A Bridge Too Far? Risks And Benefits Of Perioperative Bridging Therapy, Jordan Buchholz

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

The long-term use of oral anticoagulants is common among certain high-risk patient populations for the prevention of thromboembolic events such as stroke, pulmonary embolism (PE), and other systemic events. According to Garwood et al. (2017) it is estimated that 15-20% of chronically anticoagulated patients will undergo a surgery or procedure that will require anticoagulation interruption annually. During this interruption period, “bridging” anticoagulant therapy is often utilized with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular weight heparin to ensure adequate anticoagulation is achieved (Ayoub et al., 2016). However, there has been an ongoing debate whether or not the benefits of perioperative anticoagulant bridging therapy …

The Role Of Adult Day Services In Supporting The Occupational Participation Of People With Dementia And Their Carers: An Integrative Review, Janice Du Preez, J. L. Millsteed, Ruth Marquis, Janet Richmond

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The increasing numbers of people with dementia places considerable stress on health and aged care services and has resulted in the development of community adult day services. Aim: The aim of this integrative review is to determine the extent to which these services support the occupational participation of people with dementia, and how they impact their primary carers. Method: The mixed-methods appraisal tool (MMAT) was used to identify relevant studies in the period 2011–2016. Results: Nine databases were searched and yielded 16 articles with a variety of research designs for inclusion in the review. Conclusions: Findings …

Association Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Hypertension: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Haifeng Hou, Yange Zhao, Xiaotong Xue, Jian Ding, Wei Jia Xing, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Results: Twenty-six studies with 51 623 participants (28 314 men, 23 309 women; mean age 51.8 years) met inclusion criteria and were included in this study. Among them, six studies showed a significant association between OSA and resistant hypertension (pooled OR = 2.842, 95% CI = 1.703-3.980, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the combination of 20 original studies on the association of OSA with essential hypertension also presented significant results with the pooled ORs of 1.184 (95% CI = 1.093-1.274, P < 0.05) for mild OSA, 1.316 (95% CI = 1.197-1.433, P < 0.05) for moderate OSA and 1.561 (95% CI = 1.287-1.835, P < 0.05) for severe OSA.

Conclusions: Our findings indicated that OSA is related to an increased risk of resistant hypertension. Mild, moderate and severe OSA are associated essential hypertension, as well a dose-response manner relationship is manifested. The associations are relatively stronger among Caucasians and male OSA patients.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder …

Subharmonic And Endoscopic Contrast Imaging Of Pancreatic Masses: A Pilot Study., Flemming Forsberg, Maria Stanczak, Andrej Lyshchik, David E. Loren, Patrick O'Kane, Ali Siddiqui, Thomas E. Kowalski, Cynthia Miller, Traci Fox, Ji-Bin Liu, John R. Eisenbrey

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: To use subharmonic imaging (SHI) to depict the vascularity of pancreatic masses compared to contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and pathologic results.

METHODS: Sixteen patients scheduled for biopsy of a pancreatic mass were enrolled in an Institutional Review Board-approved study. Pulse-inversion SHI (transmitting/receiving at 2.5/1.25 MHz) was performed on a LOGIQ 9 system (GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI) with a 4C transducer, whereas contrast harmonic EUS (transmitting/receiving at 4.7/9.4 MHz) was performed with a radial endoscope (GF-UTC180; Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) connected to a ProSound SSD α-10 scanner (Hitachi Aloka, Tokyo, Japan). Two injections of the contrast agent Definity (Lantheus Medical …

A Standardized Comparison Of Peri-Operative Complications After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: Ivor Lewis Versus Mckeown., Andrew M. Brown, Michael J. Pucci, Adam C. Berger, Talar Tatarian, Nathaniel R. Evans Iii, Ernest L. Rosato, Francesco Palazzo

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: While our institutional approach to esophageal resection for cancer has traditionally favored a minimally invasive (MI) 3-hole, McKeown esophagectomy (MIE 3-hole) during the last five years several factors has determined a shift in our practice with an increasing number of minimally invasive Ivor Lewis (MIE IL) resections being performed. We compared peri-operative outcomes of the two procedures, hypothesizing that MIE IL would be less morbid in the peri-operative setting compared to MIE 3-hole.

METHODS: Our institution's IRB-approved esophageal database was queried to identify all patients who underwent totally MI esophagectomy (MIE IL vs. MIE 3-hole) from June 2011 to …

Geographical Variations In The Clinical Management Of Colorectal Cancer In Australia: A Systematic Review, Fiona Crawford-Williams, Sonja March, Michael Ireland, Arlen Rowe, Belinda Goodwin, Melissa Hyde, Suzanne K. Chambers, Joanne Aitken, Jeff Dunn

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: In Australia, cancer survival is significantly lower in non-metropolitan compared to metropolitan areas. Our objective was to evaluate the evidence on geographical variations in the clinical management and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A systematic review of published and gray literature was conducted. Five databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, and Informit) were searched for articles published in English from 1990 to 2018. Studies were included if they assessed differences in clinical management according to geographical location; focused on CRC patients; and were conducted in Australia. Included studies were critically appraised using a modified Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. PRISMA systematic review …

Recreational Soccer As Sport Medicine For Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Hao Luo, Robert U. Newton, Fadi Ma'ayah, Daniel A. Galvao, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background Strategies to prevent or attenuate the age-related decline in physical and physiological function and reduce chronic disease risk factors are of clinical importance.

Objective To examine the health benefits of recreational soccer in middle-aged and older adults.

Design Systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Data sources All available records up until 9 June 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies All randomised trials with or without a control group (randomised controlled trials or randomised uncontrolled trials) …

Cognitive Impairment And Risk Of All-Cause And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Over 20-Year Follow-Up: Results From The Blsa, Ji An, Haibin Li, Zhe Tang, Deqiang Zheng, Jin Guo, Yue Liu, Wei Feng, Xia Li, Anxin Wang, Xiangtong Liu, Lixin Tao, Chengbei Hou, Feng Zhang, Xinghua Yang, Qi Gao, Wei Wang, Xiuhua Guo, Yanxia Luo

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background-Cognitive impairment may increase the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This study examined the association between cognitive function and risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among the elderly in Beijing, China. Methods and Results-A total of 1996 participants aged ≥55 years at baseline were enrolled from the BLSA (Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging). Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and participants were categorized as:

The Impact Of Sarcopenic Obesity On Inflammation, Lean Body Mass, And Muscle Strength In Elderly Women, Dahan Da Cunha Nascimento, Samuel Da Cunha Oliveira, Denis Cesar Leite Vieira, Silvana Schwerz Funghetto, Alessandro Oliveira Silva, Renato Valduga, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Jonato Prestes

Publications and Research

Objective: The objective of this study was to apply the newly standardized definition for sarcopenia from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the current definition for obesity to 1) determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in obese elderly women; 2) compare the muscle strength, lean body mass, and markers of inflammation between obese elderly women with SO and nonsarcopenic obesity (NSO), and 3) elucidate the relation- ship between appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (aLM/BMI) with muscle strength, lean body mass, and obesity indices.

Methods: A total of 64 elderly obese women (age: …

Readability Of Prostate Cancer Information Online: A Cross-Sectional Study, Corey H. Basch, Danna Ethan, Sarah A. Maclean, Joseph Fera, Phillip Garcia, Charles E. Basch

Publications and Research

Reading and understanding health information, both components of health literacy, can influence patient decisions related to disease management. Older adults, the population of males at greatest risk for prostate cancer, may have compromised capacity to understand and use health information. The purpose of this study was to determine the readability of prostate cancer materials on the Internet using five recommended readability tests. Using a cleared Internet browser, a search was conducted for “prostate cancer.” The URLs of the first 100 websites in English were recorded to create the sample. The readability scores for each website were determined using an online, …

Acceptance And Commitment Therapy With Pancreatic Cancer: An Integrative Model Of Palliative Care-A Case Report., Catherine Virginia F O'Hayer, Kevin Mitchell O'Hayer, Ashwin Sama

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: This case study examines the feasibility of application of an acceptance-based behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), to a patient with end-stage metastatic pancreatic cancer, depression, and anxiety, as a form of integrative palliative care.

Case Presentation: ACT allowed the patient to identify her values of resuming her religious connection, improving relationships with family members and trusted friends, and organizing her affairs before death. As a result, the patient was able to remain engaged in cancer treatments despite side effects that she had previously deemed intolerable. She was able to move toward her values despite health-related and depression-related …

Non-Naturally Occurring Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) And Methods Of Using, Hiep Lai Xuan Vu, Fernando Osorio, William W. Laegreid, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fangrui Ma

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

A non-naturally occurring porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is provided herein, and methods of making and using the non-naturally occurring PRRSV also are provided.

Perinatal Residents' Perceptions Of Confidence Gained Through Their Preceptors, Veritta Henderson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The importance of preceptorships, as a mechanism to transfer knowledge of evidence-based nursing practices and developing confidence in nurses, is well-known. However, the effectiveness of preceptorships to develop confidence in perinatal nurses who provide safe care to childbearing women is unknown. Guided by Kolb's model of experiential learning and using a narrative analysis approach, this study examined perinatal nurse residents' perceptions of experiences that enhanced learning and developed confidence during preceptorship. Twenty nurses who completed a perinatal nurse residency of 18 weeks or more in the past 12 months participated in audiotaped, structured interviews. Their answers were transcribed and data …

An Inpatient Rehabilitation Interprofessional Care Pathway For Traumatic Hip Fracture: A Pilot Quality Improvement Project, Sarah Plante

DNP Scholarly Projects

Background: Each year over 300,000 older adults are hospitalized for hip fracture. The impact of the cost of hip fracture on the US health care system is estimated to be as high as $9 billion, with the typical cost of a hip fracture episode around $30,000. Formalized pathways have been developed and successfully utilized for many patient presentations, including hip fracture, in the acute setting. Although this research is important to the comprehensive care of the elderly hip fracture patient, very little research exists that outlines evidence-based best-practice for patients in the post-acute recovery period.

Purpose: The primary aim of …

Maternal Anaemia And Folate Intake In Early Pregnancy, E.G. O'Malley, Shona Cawley, R.A.K. Kennedy, C.M.E. Reynolds, A. Molloy, M.J. Turner

Articles

The World Health Organization recommends that women take 400 µg of folate supplementation daily throughout pregnancy. We examined the relationship between total folate intake from the diet and supplements at the first prenatal visit and haematological indices at this visit and subsequently.

The Use Of Scorecards To Improve Documentation Of Obstetrical Blood Loss, Marilyn Cejka Steinberg

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obstetric hemorrhage is one of the most common causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. The measurement of quantitative blood loss (QBL) at delivery prevents clinicians from failing to recognize hemorrhage in healthy obstetric patients who initially compensate for excessive blood loss. The purpose of this project was to improve the compliance of labor and delivery nurses in a community hospital with consistent QBL measurement. Key theories that formed the basis for the project were Lewin's theory of planned change and homeostasis. The project question addressed was: Is the use of weekly scorecards to provide feedback to nurses with both blinded …

Nasopharyngeal Carriage Of Streptococcus Pneumoniae In Children Under 5 Years Of Age Before Introduction Of Pneumococcal Vaccine (Pcv10) In Urban And Rural Districts In Pakistan, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Kanwal Nayani, Tauseef Akhund, Atif Riaz, Omer Irfan, Sadia Shakoor, Sehrish Muneer, Sana Muslim, Aneeta Hotwani, Furqan Kabir, Cynthia Whitney, Lindsay Kim, Velusamy Srinivasan, Syed Asad Ali, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Fyezah Jehan

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine programs have been linked to the vaccine’s ability to disrupt nasopharyngeal carriage and transmission. The 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV10) was included in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in Sindh, Pakistan in February 2013. This study was carried out immediately before PCV10 introduction to establish baseline pneumococcal carriage and prevalent serotypes in young children and to determine if carriage differed in urban and rural communities.
Methods: Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from a random sample of children 3-11 and 12-59 months of age in an urban community (Karachi) and children 3-11 months of age in …

Division Of Research, Unm Department Of Orthopaedic Surgery

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Letter From The Residency Director, Unm Department Of Orthopaedic Surgery

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Non-Ionic Iodinated Contrast-Induced Sialadenitis With Parotid Gland Sparing In Patient Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Muhammad Azeemuddin, Mustafa Belal Hafeez Chaudhry, Jehanzeb Shahid, Sarosh Zafar Belal

Department of Radiology

61-years-old male patient presented with complain of neck swelling and soreness following contrast-enhanced (CE) CT examination with resolution of symptoms in 36-48 hours. He is diagnosed with hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); already treated with radiofrequency ablation for HCC. He had already undergone two CECT examinations before he was referred to our institution for disease staging/treatment. He also underwent three triphasic CT scan examinations at our institution during the course of treatment for treatment response and staging. Patient remained undiagnosed up to his fourth CT scan due to inability to relate symptoms with contrast administration. The patient was …

Using International, Interprofessional Service Learning To Promote Transcultural Self-Efficacy And Interprofessional Attitudes In Health Science Students, Shana L. Cerny, Lana Svien, Julie Johnson, Bethany Hansmeier

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Interprofessional teams of occupational therapy, physical therapy, physician assistant, and dental hygiene students from the University of South Dakota participated in a service-learning experience in Guatemala. Student perceptions were measured using the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale and the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool. Qualitative data were obtained through written reflections and discussions during the immersion component of the service-learning experience. Students reported statistically significant improvements in transcultural self-efficacy as defined by their confidence in interviewing individuals from different cultures; their values, attitudes, and beliefs regarding cultural awareness, acceptance, appreciation, recognition, and advocacy; and their knowledge on how cultural factors influence care. Slightly different …

Breathing New Life: Investigating Ways To Improve The Mental Health Of People Living With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Western Australia, Tina Phan

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Anxiety and depression are common comorbidities in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributing to greater morbidity and mortality in an already vulnerable population. Despite the prevalence, few recommendations exist in global management guidelines for the detection and treatment of these comorbidities, reflecting the limited literature available on effective strategies for dealing with mental health issues in COPD populations. There is promising evidence that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) improves mental health outcomes in people with COPD. However, investigational studies have commonly reported participants’ lack of transport, lack of time and illness as barriers to recruitment and successful completion. This …

Women And The Experience Of Pain And Opioid Use Disorder: A Literature-Based Commentary, Andrew L. Koons, Marna R. Greenberg Do, Mph, Facep, Robert D. Cannon Do, Gillian A. Beauchamp Md

Department of Emergency Medicine

It is generally understood that pain experience and opioid abuse have relied on male-dominated models. However, sex and gender play a role in both pain experience and opioid use disorder.

Using the previously validated Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Sex and Gender Specific Health PubMed Advanced Search Tool, the authors used pertinent literature to develop this literature-based commentary on sex and gender differences in pain experience and opioid use disorder. Women report their experience of pain more frequently, have increased rates of diagnoses related to pain, have increased pain sensitivity, and have a variable response to pain and analgesia. …

Home-Based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (Prep) Services For Gay And Bisexual Men: An Opportunity To Address Barriers To Prep Uptake And Persistence, Steven A. John, H Jonathon Rendina, Christina Grov, Jeffrey T. Parsons

Publications and Research

Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. Despite the promise of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in reducing HIV transmission risk, barriers for uptake and persistence exist. We sought to identify whether GBM in a nationwide cohort who have not yet initiated PrEP (n = 906) would prefer to get PrEP-related care from a primary care provider (PCP) compared to a specialist clinic or provider. We then sought to identify their level of interest and factors associated with preference for using home-based PrEP services (i.e., HB-PrEP), defined to participants as conducting …

An Assessment Of Emotional Intelligence In Emergency Medicine Resident Physicians., Dimitrios Papanagnou, Kathryn M Linder, Anuh Shah, Kory Scott London, Shruti Chandra, Robin Naples

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Objectives: To define the emotional intelligence (EI) profile of emergency medicine (EM) residents, and identify resident EI strengths and weaknesses.

Methods: First-, second-, and third-year residents (post-graduate years [PGY] 1, 2, and 3, respectively) of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital's EM Program completed the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i 2.0), a validated instrument offered by Multi-Health Systems. Reported scores included total mean EI, 5 composite scores, and 15 subscales of EI. Scores are reported as means with 95% CIs. The unpaired, two-sample t-test was used to evaluate differences in means.

Results: Thirty-five residents completed the assessment (response rate 97.2%). Scores were normed …

An Assessment Of Emotional Intelligence In Emergency Medicine Resident Physicians., Dimitrios Papanagnou, Kathryn Linder, Anuj Shah, Kory Scott London, Shruti Chandra, Robin Naples

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: To define the emotional intelligence (EI) profile of emergency medicine (EM) residents, and identify resident EI strengths and weaknesses.

METHODS: First-, second-, and third-year residents (post-graduate years [PGY] 1, 2, and 3, respectively) of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital's EM Program completed the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i 2.0), a validated instrument offered by Multi-Health Systems. Reported scores included total mean EI, 5 composite scores, and 15 subscales of EI. Scores are reported as means with 95% CIs. The unpaired, two-sample t-test was used to evaluate differences in means.

RESULTS: Thirty-five residents completed the assessment (response rate 97.2%). Scores were normed …

Stasi Brainwashing In The Gdr 1957 - 1990, Jacob H. Solbrig, Jacob Hagen Solbrig

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the methods used by the Ministerium für Staatssicherheit (MfS), more commonly known as the Stasi, or East German secret police, for extraction of information from citizens of the German Democratic Republic for the purpose of espionage and covert operations inside East Germany, as it pertains to the deliberate brainwashing of East German citizens. As one of the most efficient intelligence agencies to ever exist, the Stasi’s main purpose was to monitor the population, gather intelligence, and collect or turn informants. They used brainwashing techniques to control the people of the GDR, keeping the populace paralyzed with fear …

Histomorphology Of Trauma In Charred And Decomposed Remains, Mariya Bezugly

Student Theses

Decomposition and burning of human remains are frequently encountered in forensic cases, and pose a challenge at determining an accurate cause of death. At autopsy, macroscopic techniques fail to reach beyond superficial layers of degraded tissue to identify wound morphology that characterizes blunt-force gunshot, and sharp-force trauma. The postmortem damage imparted on tissue with pre-existing injuries, obstructs the external features of trauma. Exploring beyond charred and decayed superficial tissue, histo-morphological patterns of injury are still identifiable as shown in this thesis. With detailed observation to the pattern of tissue disruption- an understanding of the type of trauma imposed can be …

Maternal Depressive Symptoms And Child Behavior Among Mexican Women And Their Children., Emily P Flynn, Esther O Chung, Emily J Ozer, Lia C H Fernald

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Over 50% of mothers in rural Mexico have high depressive symptoms, and their children's health and development are likely to be negatively affected. A critical question is whether children vary in their vulnerability to the effects of high maternal depressive symptoms according to their indigenous ethnicity, maternal education, or household wealth. Our sample included 4442 mothers and 5503 children from an evaluation of Mexico's social welfare program. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale, and child behavior was measured using an adapted version of the Behavior Problems Index (BPI). Multiple linear regression models …

Injury And Illness In Marching Band And Color Guard Members And The Need For Athletic Trainers: A Critically Appraised Topic, Alissa C. Rhode

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: To determine the prevalence, incidence, risk, rate, and type of injury and illness suffered by collegiate and high school marching band (MB) and color guard (CG) members and determine if there is a need for medical coverage. Methods: Articles were identified from: PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Physical Therapy and Sports Medicine Collection, ScienceDirect, and single-citation matching using search string, ["marching band" OR "color guard" OR "marching athlete" AND injury] from January 1990-to-October 2016, resulting in 141 articles. Following screening (title, abstract), six articles were reviewed. Four met these inclusion criteria: (1) peer-reviewed, cross-sectional studies, (2) high school or collegiate-aged members, …